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NO PEACE UNDER REPCBLIIAN HULK.
Senator Morton is the mouth piece of
the administration. lie, it was, that re
nominated President Grant at Washington
city, and, making the opening speech of
the campaign at Indianapolis, was recog
nized by President Grant himself as hav
ing authority to speak for the administra
tion. What Senator Morton says, the
administration says; what the Indiana
Senator endorses, the administration en
dorses ; what he approves and affirms, the
administration approves and affirms. Now
Benator Morton said in his speech at St.
Louis, “/ I cant to be understood on the sub
ject of amnesty. I will never vote for uni
versal amnesty.” There is no mistaking the
Senator’s language. It is clear and em
phatic. There is to be no return of peace.
There is never to bo universal amnesty.
Bitterness and enmity and feud is to be
perpetrated and stimulated amoDg those
now living, and transmitted with increased
bitterness to the latest posterity by
persecution and proscription. This is whit
the Senator says and means. But Senator
Morton is recognized as being in the coun
sels of the Republican administration, and
publicly recognized as having authority to
speak lor President Grant and his adminis
tration. What he says, therefore, Grant
says; what he affirms, Grant approves ;
what he indicates as his personal policy as
a Senator, declares the public policy of the
Administration. And he declares that the
war is never to end—there is never to bo
universal amnosty. We congratulate tho
Senator upon this display of courageous
honesty and manly candor. It comes from
a quarter least expected. General Grant,
as a candidate, prayed, “ Let us have
peate,” and taken by the people as a pub
lie offering of true desire, tricked and be
guiled tho great heart of the people. But
now President Gran!, through his confi
dential counsellor and representative, says
never shall there ba universal amnesty—
tbo war shall be perpetual, and sectional
strife and bitter animosity shall continue
so long as time shall last. The Siuth
should thank Senator Morton for his can
dor. The South is never to havo peace
under Republican rule.
TIIK COTTON PROSPECT.
Under tho above heading wo print in
another column an article from the Oc
lumbus Sun. We desire that our readers
may know tho views of thinking men on
this important subject, and hence wo shall
publish from timo to timo suoh articles as
wo find in our cxohaDgcs touching this
question.
Wc do not agree with tho Nun's estimate
of tho growing otop. Wo believe their
figures too low. This is our opinion, noth
ing more. Wo think that tho crop will
not fall below three million bales —it may
go somewhat beyond ihcso figures. Every
one conversant with the cotton plant knows
how difficult it is to determino tho extent
of the crop bsforo the Ist of October, and
even then tho area covered by tho pro
duction of this staple is so large that any
estimate of tho production is to a con
siderable extent mere guessing.
In regard to the prices which may be
relied on for tho growing crop, we know
that with the groat deficiency of capital in
tho South and the scarcity of money hore,
tho money rings of tho North can and
will control, to a great extent, in their own
interests, tho prices of this great staple.
We believe that cotton will bo better
later in tho season than now, but neither
tho planters or our Southern ootton
factors can afford to hold tho crop
for a rise in tlio market. Planters
are, wo believe, less indebted for tbo grow
ing crop tliau they havo been at this season
ot the year for any crop grown since the
war. Yet there are few who can afford
to hold their crop until Spring. Those
who cannot safely holil until Spring, would,
we think, best consult their interests by
selling their crops as they get them ready
for market; at least until all advauces and
indebtedness on plantation account have
been fully settled. But this is a matter
upon which the intelligent planters’ judg
ment is as good as our own. Let each ex
amine the subject for himself, and then act
upon his own judgment, bearing constantly
in mind the fact that planters are not, and
should not be, speculators in this great
staple.
Til iC CA LI FORMA KLKOTIOX IIS LIS
BON.
We do not profess to be posted in Cali
fornia polities. They have Democratic,
and Republican, and Tax-Payers’ parties
out there, and matters are so much mixed
up in the late election that it ia impossible,
at this distance and time, to form any de
rided opinion regarding its significance.
One fact, however, appears to be conceded,
viz : that the Radicals have got completo
possession ot the State and city of San
Francisco, ami that the Democrats, who
carried the State by several thousand ma
jority at the election immediately prece
ding, have been whipped out of their
boots. A San Francisco dispatch of
Thursday evening says:
“The Republicans have elected the
Governor, and are certain in electing a
Senator to succeed Cole. Coughlan, Re
publican, is elected to Congress in the
Third, and Sargent in the Second District.
The Republicans have an even chance of
gaining the First District. The whole
Legislature and municipality is Republi
can, and the Tax-Payers’ ticket is elected
iu San Francisco, with the exception of
the Recorder afcl one Supervisor. The
Republican majority iu the State is about
4.000.”
This may be considered a Waterloo de- !
feat. And now. what is the cause of this 1
unexpected result ? There is a philosophy j
in everything.Jand there must be in this.
With ihe issues raised in the campaign we
are not tainiliar, but certain it is that,
owing either to a sadden accession of
strength to the Radical? or of weakness to
the Democrats, the former triumphed and
the latter wero overwhelmed. We cannot
see why the Radicals have added to their
strength, but we have a feint glimmering
of a reason why the Democrats may have
alienated a portion of their triends and re
duced their strength at the polls. This is
but a surmise, for, as we have already
stated, we are too remote from the theatre
of action to determine positively the cause
that led to such an effect; bnt it is a sur
mise that is worthy ot attention at this
particular stage of the game of American
politics. We confess that we do not
like the platform of California Demo
crats. They took their cue from a tew
weak-kneed and misguided Democrats
of the Northern States—such men as
figured in the late Pennsylvania Conven
tion—and, under a supposed neces
sity, made concessions to Radicalism
which the sober, patriotic portion of the
party could not approve. They declared
in their platform “that we regard the
three several amendments to the Constitu- j
tion recently adopted as a settlement in
fact of all the issues of the t oar, apd that
the same are no longer issues before the
country.” In other words, they pledged
themselves to regard these Radical usur
pations as a final settlement of the ques
tions to whieh they relate, and the fixed,
permanent, unalterable policy of the Gov
ernment. Such appears to us to be a fair
and legitimate interpretation of the lan
guage of the resolution. This is a “new
departure’ ’ indeed, and no true Democrat
can give his sanction to it. It is not
Senator Thurman’s understanding of
Democratic sentiment on that subject.
He and others, who give direction to
Democratic sentiment North, agree to re
spect the amendments as de facto facts of
the fundamental law, but they have never
yet, and we believe never will, attempt to
biod the Democratic party to such a body
of death. Those amendments destroy the
time-honored rights of the States, make
Congress both supreme and despotic, and
work a total revolution in the form
ar.d spirit of the Government. They
never can be sanctioned and accepted
as final and irrevocable by any
party that has not resolved on the destruc
tion of tree institutions in this great na
tion. The Democrats being powerless,
even it in a majority, to remove them
from the Constitution, and regarding the
quesiioD as not a practical one at the
present day, but to be left to the test of
time and the sober judgment of the Ameri
can people, may not make an issue upon
them ; but at the same time, no true man
and patriot among them wiil ever consent
to give such revolutionary and ruinous
measures his endorsement or approval,
much less bind them as perpetual chains
around the body of this onee free Republic,
which he hopes to see tree again.
May not this unfortunate concession
have bad its influence in weakening the
Democracy of California in the late elec
tion, and if so, would it not be wise in the
party throughout the country to learn a '
lesson from their experience and seek to j
profit by it in the future?
We may be wrong in our inferences, but j
we think they are not wholly groundless,
and we throw out these sngestions for what
they are worth. Heeded in time, they
may save us from future disasters.
[ Savannah Republican.
Our friend of the Republican is, we
think, quite correct in his statement of the
causes which led to the late Democratic
defeat in California. But in addition to
those mentioned, the Chinese emigration
question entered very largely into the
canvass, the Democratic party being se
riously divided on this issue. But, so far
as we have been able to ascertain, the
chief element of the Democratic weakness
in the recent canvass was the division
upon the “ new departure” issue. The
very flower of the party was driven into
indifference and lukewarmness by the in
troduction of this issue, while it gained us
no strength from the Radicals.
If we aro not greatly mistaken, the re
sult in the approaching State elections
in Ohio and Pennsylvania will show a
great falling ( off of the Democratic vote in
those States, attributable alone to the
“ New Departure” question. The truth
is, a greater blunder was Dover committed
than this “ new departure” business has
proved to be. And yet wo have waged
no war against our friends, who, with the
best motives, adopted this heresy as the
best means of defeating Radicalism. We
have been content to let them make their
State platforms to suit themselves. We
have foreseen from the first defeat—
disastrous defeat —as the final result; but
as they had planted themselves firmly
upon this issue, we did not feel warranted
in attacking them from the rear whilo they
wero so gallantly charging the common
foe in front. The “cow departure” dogma
will die out entirely in a few weeks, and
then the National Democracy will be left a
unit upon its old and time-honored princi
ples, upon which alone can this country bo
rescued from centralization and the Gov
ernment restored to its ancient mooring.?.
COMINH EVENTS THAT ABE CASTING
SHADOWS.
Many of our Western exchanges predict
low prices for corn and pork. In some
journals fifteen cents a bushel for corn and
tbreo cents per pound for pork are indi
cated as the probable prices which the
Western farmers will receive for their pro
ducts next year. These prices betoken no
good fortune for the Western farmer. The
Western farmer, under the high tariff sys
tem, will be made to exchange two pounds
of pork for a yard of calico, and will re
ceive less than three yards of calico for a
bushel of corn. llow long will the West
ern farmer stand legislation which pro
duces such a result ? Prior to the war the
South was the chief customer of the West
for mules, horses, hogs, bacon, wheat,
flour, lard, and many other articles. Year
by year, as the “free labor farming system”
expands at the South, the Southern con
sumption of Western products will grow
less. During the war the Government be
came the great purchaser of Western pro
ducts. At the close of the war, exhausted,
the South purchased heavily from the
West through sheer necessity, exchanging
more than the value of her cotton produc
tion for the necessaries of life. Gradually
the South is recuperating, buying year by
year less of corn, mules, horses, pork, and
all manner of Western agricultural pro
ducts. What prosperity can the West ex
pect in future under the high tariff system
of the North, with the expansion of the
“small farm system” in the South, made
imperative by Radical legislation?
A FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT CASE.
Judge Erskina has decided that the
laws of Georgia, which makes it illegal
for tho white and black races to intermarry
in this State, is not violative of the Ist
section of the 14th amendment to the Con
stitution of the United States. That sec
tion is in the following words :
“AH persons born or naturalized in the
United States, and subject to the jurisdic
tion thereof, are citizens of the United
States and of the State wherein they re
side. No State shall mako or enforce aDy
law which shall abridge the privileges or
immunities of citizens of the United
States ; nor shall any State deprive any
person of life, liberty or property, without
due process of law ; nor deny to any per
son within its jurisdiction the equal pro
tection of the laws.”
The case cams before the Judge upon
tho application of William D. Hobbs,
white, and Martha A. Hobbs, alias
Martha A. Johnson, oolored, who had been
tried before the District Court of the 35th
district, and convicted of living in a state
of adultery. These parties had been mar
ried under a license duly issued by the
Ordinary, and the return of the marriage
duly made by tho officer who performed
the ceremony. They were both convicted
and sentenced to fino and imprisonment.
They then sued out a writ of Habeas Cor
pus before J udge Erskine, who has decided
| that their pretended matriage is illegal,
and their conviction just and proper under
| cur laws-
Radical Machinery for Carrying '
Elections. —The Washington Patriot
asserts that the clerks and officials in the
Government service there are forced to
join clubs representing their several State?,
and that these clubs are part of the Radi
cal machinery for carrying elections. The
members are expected to vote at all local
elections in Washington, and also to go
homo and vote again in the States they
come from. In addition, they are regu
larly assessed a per eentage upon their
salaries for election purposes, and this per
eentage is to be deducted from their pay
on the first of September. The Patriot
adds: “It is notorious that the same
system has been adopted throughout the
country. Hence, the people are not only
taxed tor the support of thousands of
needless and incompetent office-holders,
but funds thus misapplied are used to pre
vent any reform in the corruption, prodi
gality and usurpation of power which are
the distiuguishiug traits of this adminis
tration.”
True Genius.— Alexander Hamilton
once said to an intimate friend: “Men give
me some credit for genius. All the genius
I have lies just in this: W hen I have a
subject in hand, I study it profoundly.
Day and night it is before me. I explore
it In all its bearings. My mind becomes
pervaded with it. Then the effort which
I make the people are pleased to call the
fruit of genius. It is the fruit of labor
and thought.”
An Interview with Hon. Ben. H. Hill,
of Georgia.
HIS VIEWS OF TOOMBS, STEPHENS AND
DAVIS.
DEMOCRATIC PROSPECTS FOR 1872.
[Correspondence of the Knoxville (Tenn.)
Chronicle.]
Montvaile Springs, East Tenn., j
August 19, 1871. j
Among the visitors from the South to
this pleasant mountain retreat, with its
pure, cool, breezes and healthful mineral
waters, is the Hon. Ben H. Hill, one of
the most eloquent and popular Democratic
leaders of the Southern Empire State.
As your readers well koow, he was an ar
dent Old Line Whig, originally opposed to
secession, and one of the first to predict
for the South the ruinous consequences
that great political crime or blunder was
sure to entail. Jbut like many others, he
went with his people into the rebellion and
made their destiny his.
I had the pleasure of meeting him here
and enjoying a long conversation with him,
the substance of which, with his permis
sion. I want to lay before your reader?.
As I am not a professional interviewer,
and desire only to give the spirit and sub
stance of certain portions of his views, I
shall not attempt the conversational style,
but give in a connected manner and in a
general way, his ideas, not professing to
use his exact language.
the south after the war.
You know, said Mr. Hill, that I have all
my life been opposed to the Democratic
party. I was always an enthusiastic ad
mirer of Henry Clay, and believed him the
greatest statesman of this country. When
the question of secession came up, I op
posed it, because I believed the country
would prosper better united, and because
I knew the South was not ready for war
and if she went into it would lose all the
political power she had, lose her slaves,
and find herself in the end impoverished
and humiliated. When the war ended, I
did not want to act with the Democracy,
because I believed it responsible for the
war, and knew that if the right policy was
pursued the Southern people would be
made to sec it and the Democratic party
be so despised and humiliated that we
should have no more of it.
the cheat mistake of the republicans.
And just here let me say to you that the
Republican party made its greatest mis
take. There was a very large class of in
fluential Southern men who, at the end of
the war, felt anxious to have the guilty
leaders of the Democracy bear the odium
of their course in bringing on the war,
and for their extreme course during the
war. These men were anxious to co
operate with the Government in a wise
and just reconstruction, and if their ad
vice had been sought and their counsels
heeded, the South would to-day be the
strongest anti-Democratic section of the
country, and reconstruction been accom
plished upon a basis honorable to the
North and South.
But when the Republican party began
its policy of disfranchisement, and of giv
ing over tho Southern States to such men
as chose to accept the degrading terras
offered, and to their associates—the col
ored men and adventurers from the North—
it forced everybody in the South to stand
together, and the result was that the
odium of the Democratic leaders was for
gotten, and that party became the party
of the South. This policy was doubly
humiliating to those in the South who op
posed secession and predicted a generous
and just settlement of all the war issues.
That class were originally condemned by
the secessionists for want of so-called State
loyalty, and afterwards taunted because
the Government showed no appreciation
of patriotism, but classed them ex
actly with the original secessionists and
treated them practically all alike. Much
against their inclinations and decidedly
against their expectations, they were
driven into the Democratic ranks, and
the great opportunity to utterly and for
ever overthrow that party in the South
was lost.
THE PRESENT situation.
The situation now is, that the South is
Democratic. But there is still a great
issue in the South. The Southern people
want peace, and they will do almost any
thing to sf oure it. The great masses want
to be let alone; they want to build up the
country and put an end to the great dis
turbing political controversies. They are,
therefore, in favor of the “New Depart
ure,” as it is called. They don’t want to
fight over the war issues, and they are
willing to let the constitutional amend
ments and reconstruction measures stand.
SOUTHERN BOURBONS.
I know that certain leaders deny this,
and claim that this is not the temper of
the South, but they are in a hopeless mi
nority, as I know. Stephens, Toombs and
Davis do not represent the Southern peo
ple on this question. Their policy is now
jast what it was in 1861: to force tho Re
publicans to such extreme measures as to
goad the South to do some desperate aots
to bring on another revolution, if possi
ble—so as to restore them to power. I
believe this is their hope. Why, you see
Toombs declares ho will vote for Grant
rather than a “new departure” Demo
crat. I tell you such men don’t want peace
and quiet. They want agitation, they want
the Republicans to delay amnesty, to pile
up disqualifications, to multiply test oath?,
to sustain, by force, if necessary, corrupt
and inefficient State Governments—in short
to goad the So,.them people on to another
revolution. The liberal Democrats, of
cou?so, aro defeating this plan. Their
policy is to reconcile differences, to give up
dead issues and to unite the country upon
the Constitution as it is. lam in favor of
this. lam willing to go even farther with
Chief Justice Chase, and even leave out
of our platform all denunciation of the
plan chosen, and all question as to the
means by which the Constitution was
amended.
THE PROSPECTS FOR 1872.
I have hopes that the Democracy will
triumph this fall in Maine, Pennsylvania,
Ohio and California. If they do the
“ New Departure ” will be the main plank
in the piatform of 1872. and our success
assured. In this event, Toombs, Stephens
and Davis will be obliged either to formal
ly leave the party or to acquiesce in the
“ New Departure.”
If we should be defeated in the above
named States this year, the situation will
be a grave one for our party. One of two
policies we must pursue. Either abandon
the “ new departure ” entirely, and fall
back on tho issues of ’6B, or boldly ad
vance one step in advance of the “ new
departure,” as at present promulgated.
How far it would bo safe to go can be bet
ter determined hereafter. Os one thing I
am convinced, and that is, that the North
ern people are determined not to recede
one step from the amendments, and it is
therefore all folly in us to oppose them.
There is no course left them but to ad
vance. If we are defeated this year,
Toombs, Stephens and Davis will be elated
and strengthened. They will be defeated,
however, as the South cannot aod will not
be mislead by them. If the counsels of
these rfieu should control, however, and
the Republicans pursue a liberal policy, it
would very much alte? the situation.
GENERAL AMNESTY.
I asked liiin what the effect would be in
the South if the general amnesty policy of
Senator Scliurz, Harpers' Weekly and
Horace Greeley should be adopted. His
answer was that if such a policy were
adopted by the Republicans, and the old
issues of Stephens and Toombs were the
issue on the other side, it would give the
Republicans in the South a much stronger
foundation.
Though he did not and could not say so,
I was impressed with the fact that he be
lieved a liberal Republican policy toward
the South might yet give that party great
strength .in the South, for the odium of
Democracy was not yet removed, and
would not be, so long as Stephens and
Davis persisted in a policy which would
inevitably keep the Sputh prostrate and
humiliated. His determined opposition to
the reconstruction measures in 1567, in
Georgia, places him unequivocally with
the South, but from his antecedents he
can never act in harmony with such lead
ers as Stephens and Toombs, unless forced
into their fellowship by the drift of politi
cal issues.
A NEW ERA FOE THE SOUTH.
His recent address before the Georgia
State University, and his letter explaining
it, shows Mr. Hill to favor progressive
j measures looking towards anew develop-
I ment of his section. He favors Northern
| immigration, wants schools, workshops,
; and a public sentiment which shall not
■ proscribe honest citizens for political opin
! ions or nativity.
i Mr. Hill is a fluent and pleasant conver
sationalist, gives one the impression of
I honesty and thoroughness ia all his rea
| soning and convictions. He says he has
no aspirations for office, but looks solely
for the recuperation of the South and the
healing of all bitterness and contention,
and intends to boldly and plainly make
known his views on all these questions this
Fall, in Georgia, I do not think he will
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 20, 1871.
shrink from a bold fight with the Bour
bons, but it remains to be seen who will
triamph. I think he understands Ste
phens. Toombs and Jeff Davis, and that
he wiil yet find that they are the real of
the Southern Democrats, who are yet
eager for further strife, and, if need be,
bloodshed.
GBFELEY.
Opening Gun of the Presidential
Campaign.
The One-Term Idea in Theory and His
tory Office Seeking Our National
Vice.
New York, September 6. —Horace
Greeley will open the Presidential cam
paign with an article in the forthcoming
number of the Galaxy on “Tho Oae
Term Principle.” The following summary
is made from advance sheets :
Starting with the idea that Civil Service
Reform is essential to the purification of
our politics and demanded by all thought
ful citizens, Mr. Greeley contends that
the desire and hope of the President to
secure re-election, and his efforts to that
end, effectually prevent the reform. Civil
Service Reform means the selection of the
fittest men lor office, instead of the most
effective (or noisy) politicians of the domi
nant party. The fruits ot the present sys
tem are wide-spread incapacity, ineffi
ciency, dishonesty and peculation. A
postmaster—not to be exacting—ought to
know how to read, which some do, while
others do not. All will admit that such
ability is desirable in his vocation, but if
one who lacks it is the most efficient parti
san, and has done the most toward the
President’s election, his “claims” cannot
be well overborne. Will not his services
be wanted four years hence? And how
are they to be retained if his “claims” are
postponed for those of one who can read,
but has no skill ia manipulating voters cr
vote?.
Mr. Greeley asks, “ How much better
is this than the absurdity of hereditary
legislators? If our Federal and local
functionaries were chosen by lot would
they average worse than they now do?”
That “ the King can do no wrong,” if
taken literally, is irrational. If understood
to mean only that he is elevated above all
temptation to misrule, that his doing
wrong would a-gue moral if not mental
insanity; that he cannot be presumed to
have acted within hia prerogative under
the sway of any unworthy motive, then
the maxim becomes intelligible. The jus
tification of royalty is its alleged tendency
to place the chief ruler of a nation above
all temptation to regard and pursue his
own interest at the expense of the public
weal.
Mr. Greeley then discusses the question
historically—the growth of the patronage
of tho President; the efforts to restrict the
President to one term by proposed consti
tutional amendments ; tho selfish reasons
for the defeat of these latter, and the
rapid accumulation ot the evils growing
out of the power of patronage, and tho
temptation of the President to uso that
patronage for his re-election.
Mr. Greeley concludes his historical ar
gument thus:
The Whigs in due time took up this one
term principle, and Mr- Clay expressly
gave it his powerful support. He failed
to achieve the Presidency, and did not suc
ceed in eogiafting that principle upon the
Federal Constitution; but Van Buren,
who was first chosen in 1836 by a decided
majority, was left in a meagre minority at
the close of his canvass for a second torm.
He tried again in 1844, and was badly
beaten in the National Convention of his
party by James K- Polk, of Tennessee,
who, though then elected, declined even to
seek a second term. Gen. Taylor, who
succeeded him, died early in the second year
of his term, and Millard Fillmore, who, be
ing Vice-President, succeeded him, was
beaten by Gen. Scott in the Whig National
Convention of 1852. Gen. Franklin Pierce,
whom the Democrats then elected, tried to
be renominated in 1856, but was beaten
in convention by James Buchanan, who
did not seek a re-nomination, know
ing well that such quest would be in vain.
Mr. Lincoln, who was then chosen by tho
Republicans, was re elected by them in
1861 ; the civil war then in progress im
peding many to support him, in difference
to the saw that discourages the swappiug
of horses while in the act of crossing a
raging torrent. Mr. Lincoln thu3 consti
tutes the sole exception to tbo failure of
so many efforts to re-elect a President
since 1832. Meanwhile these efforts have
undoubtedly cost some signal defeats to
cither party. Had Mr. Van Buren grace
fully retired at the close of his first torm,
his party m : ght very probably have
avoided their stunning defeat iu 1840 ;
had Fillmore done likewise in 1852, the
Whig party might have been defeated,
but could not have been crushed by its
defeat in the triumph of Pierce that year.
Time and again since tho Federal disaster
of 1800, has first one then tho other party
run, or tried to run, a President for a
second term ; for a quarter of a century
these efforts proved successful ; of lato
they havo very generally proved disas
trous. “Gan ye not discern the signs of
the times?”
That the change has been real, and
based neither upon personal nor partisan
considerations, is evinced by the general
adoption of tbe contested principle in other
yet kindred spheres. Witness the post of
Governor, whioh was formerly filled in
nearly or quite every State without restric
tion on this head; whereas, at this time,
iu the States of New Jersey, Virginia,
Georgia, Indiana, Illinois, South Carolina
and Kentucky, a Governor is not eligible
to re-election while in office, or the term
succeeding that for which he was elected;
in Arkansas, Texas and Oregon, he may
serve but eight years out of any twelve;
in Maine, North Carolina, Alabama and
Mississippi he may sorve but four years
out of any six ; in Pennsylvania six years
out of any nine; in Tennessee six years
out of any eight. The intent in each case
(howevor imperfectly developed) is to
check, if not overbear, the tendency to use
patronage for the indefinite perpetuation
of power.
Mr. Greeley concludes by saying: “ All
that is needed is an intelligent, earnest,
wide-spread conviction that tho practice of
re-electing a Chief Magistrate while in of
fice is fraught with evil and peril; that it
distracts his attention from the proper
care and duties of his station, and impels
him to consider not who are fittest and most
worthy to fill the offices in his gift, but
what choice will be most likely to improve
his chances for renomioatioD. We shall
yet achieve a civil service reform. Nay,
we must. Office-seeking is our national
vice, divesting our work-shops of appren
tices, and our farms of half the intelligent,
energetic, aspiring youth who ought to
make our agriculture of the next thirty
years exhibit a series of brilliant advances
and improvements upon all that preceded
it. But vainly shall we hope for such re
form through the lopping off the branches
while the root of the upas remains intact
and vital. That root is the re-election
while in office of President, Governor and
other dispensers of vast patronage, with
their consequent temptation to use that
patronage in aid of their own continuance
in power.”
Letter from Morgan.
Madison, Ga., September 8, 1871.
Suitors Chronicle & Sentinel :
The Fall term of the Morgan Superior
Court has been in session at this place the
past week, Judge R. binson presiding.
His Honor the Judge has won quite a
reputation with the Court and public,
by strict and conscientious administration
of law, and his high toned Christian bear
ing upon the bench and in the social circle.
Besides the local bar present were Cols.
LoftiD and Jordan, of Monticello ; Lewis,
of Green ; Wingfield, of Eatonton ; Mc-
Daniel, of Monroe, and Speer, of Athens,
The Judge informs me that he found
the docket here quite heavy when he came
upon the bench, and a failure to hold one
of his regular courts, occasioned by an act
of the Legislature changing the time,
would render adjourned courts necessary
to catch up with the business. But very
few country people have been in attendance
during the week, and nothing has trans
pired worthy of note.
Madison has come forth from the ashes
in a manner worthy the taste, intelligence
and manhood of her people.
Improvements of a superior character
are still progrsssing on the public square.
Three or four fire proof store rooms and a
cotton warehouse will soon be complete ;
the latter will, doubtless, be of special im
portance. to the planters of this county.
Nearly all the buildings in this town since
t_ e fire are remarkably neat and substan
tial, composed mostly of brick from Au
gusta, which are superior to any I have
seen.
The corn crop of the county is very good
in most places, and it is thought a supply
will be made. The first object that at
tracted my attention, acd one rarely seen
in Middle Georgia, was a waggon load of
country ooru on the public square for sale.
Would that I could witness such scenes
more frequently ; then would the non-pro
ducers of the towns and cities be supplied
from the country aod the money kept in
circulation among up. I hear many com
plaints of hard times and scarcity of
money, but see ao abatement in the super
fluities and extravagance of the people.
Traveler.
The Confederate Monument.
In reply to the letter of our esteemed
correspondent, addressed to the general
agents of the Confederate Monument, we
are requested to say that the Association
desires and expects the co-operation of the
ladles. They will, at any and all times, be
ready to receive suggestions from the
ladies as to the best manner of obtaining
the desired aid.
Messrs. McLaws —Gentlemen: My whole
soul is alive to the object yon are so ear
nestly engaged in—a monument to the
Confederate dead of my dear native
State—a monument simply inscribed
Georgia Mourns Her Sons ; and on that
monument I wish to see every county in
my State have a place in the picture, sim
ply marked with its name.
Your letter to Dr. Casey explains very
satisfactorily how this can be done, and I
do hope that every county will be up and
doing and secure this never dying honor.
If you will set the ball in motion, through
your agents, in tbe various counties in the
State, the ladies, I doubt not, will under
take the portion of securing a subscription
from each county sufficient for their proper
representation, and the only rivalry will
be which will prove the champion county
of the State. We impatiently await your
action.
Never let it be said that Georgia neglects
to honor her dead,
I am, gentlemen, yours, respectfully,
A Daughter of Burke County.
The Cotton Prospect—Tbe Duty of Plan
ters.
The latter part of July wo gave a re
view of the condition of tho cotton plant,
and the probable yield at that time, in all
the ootton growing State?, founded upon
information obtained from a numerous ex
change with the press in all these States,
and from disinterested coirespondents.
We then gave it as our opinion that the
yield would reach 2,700,000 balep. Iu that
review we conceded that in Texa?, tbe
crop, on the area planted (which we put
down at an eighth to a fourth loss than
the previous year), would give an average
yield, as compared with the previous crop.
Our advices from that Stzte at this time
do not sustain the estimate then given.
The drouth which has prevailed succes
sively for over two months, in more than
two-thirds of the State, has played havoc
with the forms and young boll?, and re
sulted in the entire destruction of the top
crop. The universal estimate now in that
State is, that the area planted will fall
more than a third short of last year’s
yield.
We also estimated that the crop of
North and South Carolina, and Florida,
would make an equal yield in the area
planted, with that of last year. From all
of these States the reports are that a
great change has taken place within the
last six weeks. From all of them not
more than three-fourths of a crop is ex
pected to be gathered.
The crop in many portions of Arkansas,
also, is reported to havo suffered heavily
from drouth, causing the loss of the top
cron.
Our information from Georgia, Ala
bama, Mississippi, Louisiana and Tennes
see, does not change our views then ex
pressed of the condition cf tbo crop and
the prospect of yield in those States.
With this evidence of chaoga in the
situation, we now put the yield of the
crop of 1871—2, at not over 2,500,003 bales
at the outside. Taking this to be the true
status of the situation, what is the duty of
the planter to himself and his section ? It
is well known that what is termed a “Cot
ton Ring,” exists in New York, composed
both of manufacturers and moneyed specu
lators. This ring, whioh has grown rich
off the losses of our planters, has been
busily engaged the entire summer in writ
ing up the growing crop to a large yield,
in despite of glaring facts to the contrary;
and have not given up the effort. They
yet persist in an estimate ot throe and a
half to four millions. This is done to
delude Liverpool and enable them to secure
the bulk of the crop at a low figure.
They act, too, upon the supposition that
planters are indebted to the merchant
class for supplies and advances to the ex
tent of two-thirds of the crop, and that
this much of it, of necessity, will be thrown
on the market as fast as ginned and
packed. This latter feature has been
taught them from past experience.
Then, we repeat, what is the duty of
the planter? It is plain. Such as are in
debt for supplies or advances should bring
forward them cotton and make the best
arrangement possible with their creditors,
even to selling, if necessary. In this
emergency, the merchant has a duty to
perform also, in extending all the leniency
in his power when a cotton collateral has
been placed in his hands by the planter
debtor. These two classes are mutually
dependent on each other. The merchant,
if agriculture is cramped and fleeced, can
not prosper. If what we have stated as
the probable yield of the crop be true, and
we believe we are correct, then every
pound of cotton made is worth thirty
cents. Less than twenty-five cents will
not remunerate the planter for the making
of the present short crop. The proper
effort at accommodation between the in
debted planter and his merchant, with a
disposition on the part of the unembar
rassed planters to hold for twenty-five
cents, will soon march prices in the in
terior markets up to that figure, and save
millions of dollars to be expended at home,
whioh, with a different policy, will go into
the pockets of the manufacturers and spec
ulators of New York and Liverpool—
Columbus Sun.
Meeting in Elberton, Elbert Coun
ty, in Favor of the Augusta and
Hartwell Railroad.— A large and en
thusiastic meeting was held in the Ma
sonic Hall, on Tuesday, the sth instant, in
the interest of the Augusta and Hartwell
Railroad.
Rev. John 11. Grogan was called to the
Chair, and John P. Shannon requested to
act as Secretary.
Major Hester explained the object of the
meeting in his usual eloquent manner, and
moved the following preamble and resolu
tions :
Whereas, We have received informa
tion that tho work of building the Au
gusta and Hartwell Railroad has began in
good earnest; therefore be it
Resolved, That we hail the announce
ment with much satisfaction, and pledge
ourselves aoew to do our utmost to forward
the enterprise to its final completion.
Resolved, That we recommend that the
road be located up to and through Elbert
county, so that we may engage ia grading
at once and furnishing cross-ties and other
material at the proper time for the road
through the county.
Resolved, That we will cheerfully give
the right of way, under all ordinary cir
cumstances, through our lands, and use
all our influence to induce all other persons
in the county to do the same.
Which preamble and resolutions were
unanimously adopted.
Some discussion ensued as to the dispo
sition to be made of subscriptions already
received, which culminated in the follow
ing amended motion, to-wit;
That all subscriptions of stock to the
Augusta and Hartwell Railroad be re
tained on the basis of paying one-tbird
when the road reaches the county, one
third when it reaches the centre of the
county, and the remainder when it passes
through the county ; and that other sub
scriptions be solicited on the same basis
(which basis was understood to be agreea
ble to the Directory), the parties having
subscription books being requested to for
ward them to the Directory as soon as pos
sible • and subscribers in the meantime
giving such security for the payment of
stock as best suited both parties.
The above motion was carried.
On motion, the Editor of the Elberton
Gasette was requested to publish the pro
ceedings of the meeting, and the Secretary
instructed to furnish a copy of the pro
ceedings to the President and Directors ot
the Augusta and Hartwell Railroad.
On motion, the meeting adjourned sine
die. m
Riboulard, who superintended the de
struction cf the Vendome column, has been
detected sneaking about Paris in the dis
guise of a priest.
“ Johnny, what do you expect to do for
a living when you get to a man ?
"Well, J reckon 111 get married and board
with my wife’s mother.”
[COMMUNICATED. I
Railroad Meeting.
In obedience to a call in the Liurens
ville Herald, of last week, a large and
enthusiastic meeting of the citizens of
Laurens county was held in the Court
House on Monday, the 4th instant, for
the purpose of taking into consideration
the proposed railroad from Laurens C.
H. to Augusta, via Ninety-Six and Elge
field C. H.
The meeting was organized by calling J.
Wistar Simpson, Esq., to the Chair, who,
in a plain and forcible manner, explained
the object ot the meeting. Ua motion, S.
J. Craig was requested to act as Secretary.
Tbe Hon. W. D. SimpsoD, in a few
eloquent remarks, introduced the follow
ing resolutions :
Ist. Resolved, That we, the citizens ot
Laurens county in convention assembled,
hereby express our lively interest ia the
proposed enterprise of a railroad from
Augusta, Georgia, to Laurens C. H.,
South Carolina, via Edgefield C. 11. and
Nine-Six, and on to Spartanburg C. H.,
to connect with the Air Line Road at that
point.
2d. Resolved, That we send our assu
rances to the citizens of the respective lo
calities above named, and along tbe line of
the proposed road, of our willingness to
heartily co-operate with them in the early
consummation of this enterprise, by af
fording all the material aid in our power.
3d. Resolved, That a committee of six
be appointed by the Chair to open a cor
respondence with the localities above
named, with the view of initiating a con
certed movement for the beginning and
speedy completion of this project.
After some discussion by Cols. Ball,
Todd, Garlington and Jones, the above res
olutions were unanimously adopted.
The Chair then appointed, under the
third resolution, the following committee,
viz; Messrs. W. D. Simpson, B. W. Ball,
R. P. Todd, C. Garlington, Dr. B. F.
Kilgore, Dr. Samuel Hunter and Dr. F. G.
Fuller.
Upon motion, the Chairman was added
to the said committee.
On motion of B. W. Ball, Esq., the
above proceedings were requested to be
printed in the Lanrensville Herald, Colum
bia Phoenix, Augusta Chronicle & Senti
nel, Carolina Spartan, and in the Edge
field Advertiser.
On motion, the meeting adjourned. J
J. Wistar Simpson, Chairman.
S. J. Craig, Secretary.
Greeley at Chicago.
Some Plain Talk About Grant and the
Presidency — What Logan, Trumbull,
Grinned and John Wentworth Say—
Greeley for President.
[.Special to the Cincinnati Commercial.']
Milwaukee, September 6.— The Hon.
Horace Greeley took tKe train at Lafayette,
Ind., this morning at two o’clock, and ar
rived in Chicago in time for breakfast.
He was received by the Hon. John Wcnt
worth and the Hon. John B. Grinnell, cx-
Representative from lowa, and conveyed
to the Tremont House in a carriage. '1 he
gentlemen gave Mr. Greeley an elaborate
breakfast- Their welcome to Mr. Greeley
was very cordial, aDd the conversation
which theso three distinguished Americans
enjoyed was very interesting.
The gentlemen looked upon Mr. Greeley
as a probable candidate for tho Presidency,
and congratulated him upon tho likelihood
of his nomination.
Mr. Wentworth said : “ Grant has not
the shadow of a chance for even tho nomi
nation.” Mr. Wentworth adds that
throughout the West, and particularly in
Illinois, there is a quiet feeling of con
tempt for the nepotist that cannot be over
come.
Both Senators, Trumbull and Logan,
are openly and avowedly Grant’s enemies,
the latter particularly so.
Gen. Logan says that his whole influ
ence Bbali be direoted to prevent Grant’s
renomination.
Mr, Grinnell said he could promise the
State of lowa for Mr. Greeley, if he would
allow his name to go to the Convention.
At this Mr. Greeley smiled compla
cently, and said that he was “in charge of
his friends.” So far as he was concerned,
it was of no account whether Grant was
nominated or Dot, but practically he was
opposed to the nomination. Mr. Greeley
added, “If we nominate Grant, we shall
certainly be defeated. The public will
stand no more horse-jockey and present
taking Piesidents. We have had enough
of them. I tell you, gentlemen, we must
take anew departure, and I can assure
you that we of the East are determined
that it shall be done. I have been rather
quiet about it so far, but I want every
body now to understand what I think.
When we take hold of Grant it will not be
with silk gloves on our hands. It has got
to be done. We must throw Grant over
board, or we shall be defeated.”
“But.” said Mr. Grinnell, as though
asking for information, “what would you
have us do, Mr. Greeley? Suppose we
throw Grant over, what can we do? Yon
know our people don’t want to jump out
of the frying-pan into the fire. Now, if
you would give us the slightest hope that
you intend to put your own name for
ward, we would willingly throw out
Grant.”
At this Mr. Greeley looked rathor mys
teriously at Mr. Grinnell, and said: “ All
I want is to have a good man nominated,
who, it elected, will consent to give up tbe
office at tho end of his term. Besides, I
want to nominate a man who, if elected,
will elevate tho office to where it was in
former days; a man who will not take
presents, or use the military, or bis office
holders, to advance his own aspirations for
a second term ; and in the meantime, neg
lect the interests of those whose ruler he
is. Besides, I want a man who is above
mere pleasure hunting; a man who will
not dawdle away one-fourth his term amid
the follies and frivolties of a ‘watering
place,’ and one who, when called upon tor
an expression of his views on political and
other subjects of national interest, can
give them in clear and comprehensive
language. That’s the kind of a man the
people want, and,” (bringing his fit down
on the table), “that’s the kind of a mao
we haven’t now.”
“I want you, gentlemen, to tell your
people here in tho West that we are going
to fight against Graut to the extent of our
ability. We will not remain passive or
indifferent, but to use his own words, we
are going to ‘fight it out on this line.’ ”
Mr. Went worth seemed delighted at
this expression of Mr, Greeley’s views,
and promised that he would circulate them
far and wide, wherever it was necessary.
The following dispatch from New Jer
sey shows that Greeley is very much mis
taken as to the Eastern opposition to the
Administration of General Grant. New
Jersey endorses him fully, and if we are
not greatly mistaken the other Eastern
States will follow in the same direction :
GRANT WARMLY ENDORSED.
New York, September 8. —The New
Jersey Republican Convention adopted
resolutions renewing pledges of fidelity to
the Republican psrty, endorsing the 15th
amendment as just in theory and ennob
ling in practice, and opposing any attempt
to blot it from the record of the country’s
progress; declaring the Republican party
pledged to economy in the expenditures of
the public money, to good faith iu the
payment ot the public debt, to a careful
fostering of all branches of trade and in
dustry, to wholesome laws, to pure and
learned Judiciary, and an upright admin
istration of ihe Government, both State
and National, supporting Grant’s Admin
istration in the warmest terms, and de
claring in favor of such reform of the
civil service as shall make appointment to
public office dependent upon fitness and
character, and allow removals for cause
only. ___
Court House at Lawrenceville De
stroyed by Fire—From Mr. G. C.
Rogers, who arrived this morning per Air
Line Railroad from Lawrenceville, we
learn that the Court House at Lawrence
ville was destroyed by fire between twelve
and one o’cloek this morning. The flames
spread with great rapidity, and all the
county records were destroyed. Fifty dol
lars was offered to any one who would save
them.
One man ventured in, but the flames
were too intense and he had to retreat
with only a few papers.
It is said to be evidently the work of in
cendiaries. One man under bond for his
appearance to answer a criminal offense
was arrested with a box of matches and
revolver in his pocket. Several men on
horseback left town soon after tbe fire was
discovered, shouting and firing off pistols.
It is supposed that they are the guilty
parties, and that tho one arrested was a
member of the gang.
Gwinnett Superior Court was to meet
this morning.
Tnis is quite a heavy loss to the people
of Gwinnett county, and we deeply sym
pathize with them.— Atlanta Constitu
tion, 12(A.
The Growing Cotton Crop.
The New Orleans Price Current, of
August 12th, says, in reference to the
growing crops: “An average yield in
Texas, and two-thirds of a crop in Geor
gia is expected. In Alabama the crop has
not been well worked because of the
rains, and will fall short one-fourth. These
reports are based, we understand, on about
200 letters, and from their general concur
rence in results with the report of the
Agricultural Bureau, as well as with pub
lic opinion here, may be regarded as au
thentic. When we remember that, the
Exchange is a voluntary association, bear
ing its own expenses, and that its reports
have sprung into instantaneous authority
alongside of a Bureau paid and maintained
with public funds, the service rendered to
commerce is worthy of all commendation.
But though the Cotton Exchange has done
wonders, much more remains to be done.
These reports should be extended to the
eastern cotton States also. Better than
this, there should be an organization of
this whole subject for the protection of
the planter. Let each of the great cot
ton centres in the planting States, and
the Southern Agricultural Associations
take the subject up. New Orleans,
Mobile, Cbarleston, Savannah, Galveston,
Memphis, Norfolk and Wilmington, may
each make a map of its territories, dis
tricts and sub-district?. Explain to the
planters the importance to their interests
of instant and accurate information. Let
these cities make weekly bulletins during
the growing season, and at least semi
monthly during the picking season. A
comparison and exchange of these bulle
tins will enable New Orleans to publish
the best information, and become the best
authority for the growing orop. There ‘is
no subject of more important, and the
Legislatures of tho several cotton States
might each mako an appropriation in aid
of their gre.i t staple.”
Correct information regarding the
growth and probable yield of our great
staple, during the period of its cultivation,
would be of great benefit to planters and
consumers. We aro inclined to think that
the above suggestion would, if properly
carried out, supply this long desired in
formation. It is certainly a matter which
deserves thoughtful consideration from
those engaged in the growth and trade of
ootton in the South.
[From the Lanrensville {S. C.) Herald.]
Tlie Laurens anil Augusta Rail
road.
PUBLIC MEETING SALE DAY.
The railroad meeting on Monday last
was largely attended by the citizens from
every portion of the Distriot, the Court
House being filled to overflowing, and tho
most intense interest being manifested ;
not in the way of sudden and short-lived
ebulition of feeling, that lasts but an hour
—no tossing up ot liats, or clapping of
hands ; but a calm, determined will seemed
to pervade the vast assembly, such as be
tokens a fixedness of purpose—a steadfast
and oneness of interest. The proceedings
of said meeting will be found elsewhere in
this issue, which give all necessary infor
mation.
From the feeling manifested on the oc
casion alluded to, before and since, by our
people, we believe they are deeply and
thoroughly in earnest about the building
of said road ; and as they have taken the
initiatory steps toward its commencement,
we look hopefully to the no distant day
when earth-breaking will begin in good
earnest. Our Augusta, Spartanburg and
Edgefield friends are with us heart and
hand, and it only remains for us of Laurens
to do our duty, and success is certain.
And why should this project not boa
success ? In the no doubt correct opinion
of those who ought to know—men of
large railroad experience—the proposed
route can be made one of the best paying
roads in the State. The distanoe is but a
span, comparatively, being from this point
to Pine House—the proposed junction
with the Charlotte, Columbia and Augusta
Railroad— via Edgefield C. H-, only about
sixty-five or seventy miles. It is to traverse
a country adapted by Nature to easy and
cheap conversion to railroad purposes ; it
will open up and create an outlet for our
field products to the best markets of tho
world ; it will stimulate every branch of
industry—and in short, bring general pros
perity to our town and distriot. It would
be supeifbious, however, to attempt an
enumeration of the many advantages the
proposed road will be to our entire section
when finished. There will be, wo pre
sume, no controversy on tbe score of the
general utility of such an enterprise.
Where, then, lie the obstacles, if any, to
the early completion of this grand project 7
fhey consist, perhaps, moro in an im
aginary financial prostration than arc really
warranted by the facts in the case. It is a
melancholy truth that our people are com
paratively poor to their former affluent
condition; but they have doubtless learned
the important lessons ot energy and enter
prise by their misfortunes, and will yet
turn them to good account.
A lotter was read by one of tho speakers,
to the meeting, from a gentleman of Spar
tanburg, of the most cheering import,
assuring us of tho willingness of that Dis
trict to heartily co-operate with us in the
enterprise proposed, together with an ex
pression, from a prominent Director of tho
Air Line Road, of his opinion that his
company vrill likewise assist and co-operate
with us. Indeed, wo have every encour
agement to persevere and redouble our
energies in this direction. Let us press
forward—let us continue to go hand in
hand in this scheme, and old Laurens, as
of yore, will yet rit-e to importance, and,
Pteenix like, from her ashes, to the thrift
and grandeur of that destiny by Nature
predetermined.
By proper, aod without Herculean, ex
ertion, tbs proposed road can and must be
built; which, besides other innumerable
advantage?, will reclaim our worn-out
lands, bring our fields again into fertile
cultivation, aod cause them to cluster with
the rich fruits of tho earth.
Tbe Laurens Railroad—that once cher
ished institution of the District—though
dead for the present was not forgotten in
the zsal of our people for anew enterprise;
but steps were taken to make inquiry as
to the intention of the Greenville and Co
lumbia Railroad Company—the present
pretended owners of the Laurens road—
in regard to repairing and putting said
road in running order. This road ought
to be, and of a right is, the property of
tbe citizens of Laurens Distriot, almost
exclusively; and it is high time that the
controlirg “Ring, ” known as the present
G, &f C, R. B, Cos., were doing something
—either to repair the road or relinquish
their claim upon it, that it may go into
other hands who will put it in runnipg
order at onee. We want both roads —and
ought, by virtue of an old claim, and its
importance to our prosperity, to havo had
the Laurens road long since.
Georgians Killed by the Late
Railroad Accident in Kentucky.—
Tho Courier-Journal, of Saturday, has
foil particulars of tho accident on the
Louisville and Nashville Railway, on
Thursday, by whioh two Georgians were
killed—Dr. J, A. Thomas, of Rome, and
Mr. Abel Johnston, of Thomasville. Mr.
Johnr-ton was on his way to “buy mules,
having some $2,800 in his possession at
tbe time of the accident. Tne body, when
feund, was terribly mutilated, ono log bc
icg entirely torn off below the thigh, and
his head nearly severed from the trunk.
From all the attendant circumstances it
appears that he was either standing on the
platform and jumped as the collision oc
curred, or was walking beside the wrecked
car, which overturned upon him. Twenty
four hundred and sixty dollars of the money
belonging to him was found scattered near
the body, whioh amount is now held by
the railroad authorities, awaiting a claim
ant. The remains were brought to this
city this morning, and afterward it was
forwarded, in a hermetically-sealed coffin,
to his relatives in Thomasville. Dr.
Thomas was on his way to New York, a
through ticket to that city beiog found on
bis persoD. He was conversing with a
friend, Mr. Butler, from South Georgia,
as the car was struck. Mr. Butler, who
was uninjured, went to Dr. Thomas after
the accident, and found him sitting up,
but complaining of severe injuries in the
bead and internally. He was removed to
St. Joseph’s Infirmary, after the arrival of
the train bringing the wounded to the city ;
alter which he was unconscious, and died
at half-past two yesterday morning, of con
cussion of the brain. The remains were
likewise sent to his wife last night.”
Confederate Monument.— The first
monument erected to the Confederate
dead has been done by tbe ladies of Wal
ton county, Florida. On the 17th of
August the monument was placed in posi
tion in front of Eachee Yalley Church. It
is of beantifnl marble. Cn one side is in
scribed, “Erected by the Ladies’ Memo
rial Association;” beneath this inscription
are some beautiful and appropriate lines.
On the other side are long lists of the
names of the Confederate dead.
NEW SERIES—YOL. XXIV. NO. 38.
To the President and Board of Directois
of the Cotton States Mechanics and
Agricultural Fair Association of Au
gusta, Ga. :
Gentlemen —l have taken this method
of coramuuicating with you, hoping that
it will meet tho ideas of tho Board as of
the citizens in general, and receive duo
consideration. I, in common with every
other citizen of Augusta, as well as the
whole surrounding country, am desirous of
seeing our Fair this Fall a perfect success,
even more of one than it was last year.
I think that I can make some suggestions,
which, if adopted, will causo us to have
the best Fair held in this State, not ex
cepting the State Fair that is to be held in
Macon. I wiil here remark that in other
States, where the people have made fairs
their study for the last twenty-five years,
they have demonsfrated tho tact that to
make fair associations a success you must
have a fine show of stock of every kind,
from the horse down to tho sheep, and
what ever else may be shown is only add
ing that much more to its success. The
above is beyond controversy, from tho fact
that where the people havo been most
successful with their fairs tho largest
and best amount of stook of every
kind has been shown. And, on the other
hand, associations that have given their
largest and best premiums to tho produots
of the soil, as well as mcehanical art have,
in the course of a lew years, proven an en
tire failure. To all this you will have a
great many men of mind in this State
argue that wo havo not the stock in the
South, and especially in the Cotton States,
to warrant us giving them the foremost
rank in our exhibitions and premiums. To
this I will answer, what arc your fairs
for if they arc not to encourage the pcoplo
of your State to improvo their stock rais
ing, from the horse, tho noblest of ani
mals, down to the hog, wbioh, in the
Southern States, is our second considera
tion in living independent ? To do this I
claim that you must induco tho pcoplo to
bring their stock of every kind forwaidby
offering good sized premiums in money to
tho men that will exhibit the most and
the best lot of stock of every class
during the week. To illustrate it to
you more fully, I would suggest that you
advertise, in circular form, that you will
give three hundred dollars in money to the
man that enters and exhibits the largest
number and the bast horses during the
week, all of which must bo shown in a
body on one of the last day3 of tho Fair ;
also to give two hundred dollars in money
to tho man that will show tho largost num
ber and the best lot of cattle during the
week and show then in a body, as they
do the horses, on one of tho last days
of tho Fair; also, to give one
hundred dollars to tho man that
enters and shows tho largest number
and the best lot of mules during tho week,
to bo exhibited in a hurdle on the last day
of the week ; also, to civo ono hundred
dollars to the man that will enter and
show the best lot of hogs, irrespective of
kind, they to come in as other stook on
the last day in a burdle with tho number
of rings they had shown on during tho
week, and how many premiums they have
taken ; also, to give fifty dollars in money
to the man that will enter and show the
largest number and the hest lot of sheop
during the week, they also to be shown in
the sheep hurdle on tho last day. In
other words, you offer these money pre
miums for hurdles of stock to bo shown on
tho last day, and tbe stock that comprise
the hurdles must be stook that ono man
enters in his ewn namo during tho week
for the other premiums now already offered
in your list.
By this method you will have every
ring in eaob class that you havo already
offered premiums for full, and tho addi
tional amount of money you will receive
for entry fees would at least pay one
fourth of the amount l wish given in theso
extra or money premiums.
As for tho Association ciying poverty
in this matter, as I fear they will, I am of
tho opinion, from talking to a great many
citizens on this subject, that at least one
half of this amount cm be raised in this
city for that very purpose if the Associa
tion will move in tho matter. I, for ono,
will give ton dollar?, and agree to raise
one hundred dollars of the amount if, as
I said before, tbo Association will move in
this mattor. I, for one, will come forward
and do all I have herein promised, and
I frankly give it here as my opinion that
tho future proapeots of our infant Associa
tion depends on this, our second offort,
and if it should fail our Association goes
with it; but if, on tho other hand, it is a
successs, and we have tbe best Fair this
Fall that is held in this Stato, it will be
worth ten thousand dollars to tho city of
Augusta, and wo will havo an Association
that the citizens of Angusta may well be
proud of.
Having trespassed upon you longer than
I intended, I am, respeotfully,
A Stockholder.
Indian Relics. —Wo have been shown
a set of beads which have been turned up
out of a grave supposed to be that of an
Indian chief, at Parachuckla, an old
trading post on the Savannah river, sixty
eight miles above the city of Savannah,
These beads number three hundred and
forty nine colored red, seventeen oolored
black, and ono large white bone. When
strung, the red oolored heads form sev
enteen divisions, each defined by a black
bead, the centre or lront of the necklace
being marked by the large white bone. In
this grave of the Red Brave, for such it
evidently was, was found his tomahawk
or battle-axe, a wampaum containing a
number of old English musket balls, and
the remains of an old “ Brown Bess ” or
English musket, together with other relics.
We would be glad if Mr. E. E. Dunbar
would send ns a description of all of the
relics which have come into his possession.
Faraohuckla was an old Indian trading
post of tbe earliest time in the colonial
history of Georgia. Perhaps Mr. Dunbar
can tell ns something about it.
Bullock’s Bonds. —The following is ta
ken from the Washington correspondence
of the Savannah Advertiser :
Prior to the publication of Treasurer
Angier’s testimony, there was some little
demand for Bullock’s seven per cent, gold
bonds in New York. The expose of their
utter worthlessness has completely stopped
their sale, and the quotations occasionally
given are, from what is known in financial
circles, as “ wash sales.” For instance,
Clews & Cos. will send two attorneys to
the Stock Exchange; when Georgia sevens
are called one of these attorneys will bid
98J for 5,000. His partner immediately
cries ont, “ sold.” Thus a high quotation
is officially obtained, when, in reality,
tiiere was no bid for the bonds at any
price. In fact, it is doubtful if any por
tion of these bonds could bo negotiated at
any price.
Lockjaw —A correspondent of the
Scientific American says:
Let any one who has an attack of lock
jaw take a small quantity of turpentine,
warm it and pour it on the wound, no mat
ter where the wound i?, and relief will
follow in less than one minute. Nothing
better can be applied to a severe cut than
cold turpentine ; it will givo certain relief
almost instantly. Turpentine is also a
sovereign remedy for oroup- Saturate a
piece ot flannel with it and place the flan
nel on the throat and chest, and in a very
severe cisc three to five drops on a lump
of sugar may be taken inwardly. Every
family should have a bottle on hand.
Wilmington, Columbia and Augusta
Railroad. —A preliminary survey for a
railroad to connect Kingville, the terminus
of the Wilmington and Manchester Road,
with Augusta, is now being made. The
surveyors aro between th e Edisto and
Shaw’s Creek, and wc learn it is the inten
tion to eross the South Carolina Railroad
below Aiken. This road will meet with a
warm welcome from tho people of Augusta.
We hope that it will bo built as speedily
as possible, aod that the road will pass
through or near Edgefield Court House-
Wc are pining for a railroad connection
with that town.
“Why, I ask, is there not as much su
premacy of law, as much civil order, as
thorough protection of life and property
in the South to-day as there is in the
North ?”—Speaker Blaine.
Simply because the power has passed
ont of the hands of the intelligent and law
abiding Democracy into those of igno
rant and law-breaking Radicals.— Urbana
Vnion,
STABBING AFFRAY.
A grand colored ball was given at Gard
ner’s Park, on the suburbs of the city,
last Monday evening. During the pro
gress of the ball—between eight a~d nino
o’clock in the ovoning—a difficulty oc
curred between Joe Butts and Henry
Reid, two members of tho colored Cornet
Band. The cause of the difficulty has not
yet appeared, but it was terminated by
Butts stabbing Reid in the neck with a
small pooket knife, cutting the throat from
ear to ear, and sovering the jugular vein.
Reid died in a few minutes, and Butts
was arrested by the police and taken to tho
guard house.
The Coroner —W. F. Pournelle, Esq.—
held an inquest upon tho body, at whioh
the following testimony was olioited :
DR. EVE’S TESTIMONY.
Sterling C. Eve, sworn—l do horeby
certify that after a eareful post mortem
examination of tho body of Henry Koid,
I find that he oamc to his death from
homorrhago, tho result of a wound pro
duced by a knife entering the left side of
tho neok, one inoh above the olavioal,
wounding in itsoourse ho jugular vein.
THOMAS CURRY.
Thomas Curry, oolored, sworn—As 1
was sitting on tho fcenah I heard somo low
cursing, and got up to seo who it wap. I
saw Roid and Butts standing oloso to
gether. I walked up to them and told
them not to havo any fuss. Reid gavo
Butts the damned lio, and the latter gavo
it baok. Roid attempted to hit Butts.
When Reid made at Butts tho latter cut
him. I did no seo tho knife, but saw tho
blood flow. Reid ran out of tho door
and Butts ran after him. Decoasod did
not hit Butts, but attempted to do it;
H. F. JOHNSON.
B. F. Johnson, Police Officer, sworn—
About 9 o’clock I was sitting on a bench
in the Park. I heard Williams say “ they
were fighting.” 1 got up and started to
where they were. 1 did not got hut a few
steps when I saw two mou run in tho
door. I trippel up the second man, who
was Butts. I held him till ho got up. I
did not see the man lie was after any
more at that time. Joe Butts tried to get
loose from me, and Ben Butts was running
behind us witli a pistol in his hand. 1 was
under the impression he was after Joe. I
did not know who was cut until I heard
that Joe had killed Reid. I asked Joe
what was the matter with him and Henry?
He told mo to ask him no questions, hut
get him away from there immediately.
WESLEY HAIiTEK.
Wesley Harder, Polioe Officer, sworn—
That night, about 8 o’clock, I was in tho
hall of Gardner’s Park. I saw one or two
parties run in at the side door; did not
know who they were. Johnson stopped
one of them. Tlion came Ben Butts, witli
a pistol in his hand. He remarked that
his brother was in a difficulty. By that
time Johnson had arrested Joe Butts. I
told Ben his brother was not hurt. By that
time someone said that Joe had killed
Henry Reid. Johnson told mo to take
Joe in charge. Joe asked me if Henry
was killed. I told him he was, and asked
him why he did it. He said because Reid
had called him a s—n of a b—h. I saw a
knife in Joe’s sleeve. We took a seat and
I saw him drop the knife behind him. I
made no attempt to get it at that time, but
carried Joe with me to the front gate.
Here I called Johnson to hold him, and 1
went back and got the knife. I then car
ried Joe to the guard house. There was
blood on the knife.
Tho jury was oomposed as follows :
J. F. Moßcth, foreman ; R. J. Wilson,
J. R. Wciglo, C. H. Johansen, W. G-
Hanford, J. W. Luptin, W. C- Saxon,
V. W. Pillman, R. S. Newsom, J. H.
Gardner, G. W. Burnotf, J. Hutto. Up
on hearing tho testimony, tho jury return
ed tho following vordict:
We, tho jury, find that doooasod, Honry
Reid, came to his death by a knife held in
tho hand of Joseph Butt, whioh wo con
sider willful murder.
A warrant was issued byJudgoOlin,
and the aocuscd committed until next
Monday morning, when a preliminary ex
amination will bo hold.
Lucky and Unlucky Men —lt has
boon stated that the Rothsohilds never
employ “unlucky men.’' The Cincinnati
Commercial says that Stowart, the mil
lionare of New York, adopts no such rule,
but has employed a great many broken
merchants, deriving great advantage from
their cxpcricnoc. If thero is wisdom in
either polioy as such, thero is moro on Mr.
Stewart’s sido than on that of the Roths
childs. The true rule is to employ capa
ble and honest men, no matter whethor
they havo been unfortunato or not. Mis
fortuno is not ofitsclf a proof of want of
capaoity. No man oan oontrol ovents, nor
can any man forosoo tbom. As for
"luck,” it is all in the imagination. It is
not a constitntioual trait. General sucooss
in life oomes from very different causes.
Even gamblers, whose faith in “luck"
ought to be as good as anybody’s, roly very
little upon it. They take precautions
against the fickle genius. All their gamoa
have the chances decidedly in thoir favor.
Luok is a vagabond whose vicissitudes arc
innumerable, until finally ho becomes a
Beau Hickman, the seedy sponge, whoso
ups and downs should warn all against
dallying with the delusions whioh seldom
lead to any other end than ruin.
Indeed, fortuitous circumstanees may
givoa man sudden wealth, but ho deservos
no more credit for that than does a man
deserve oensuro for being a loser by an
unforeseen event. It is unfortunato for
men, especially young ones, to believe that
there are “ luoky” and “unlucky” men.
It is apt to impair their faith in the only
safe mental and physical Qualities and
virtuos, such as experience, good judg
ment, industry, fortitude, sclt-denial, and
good faith in the relations of life. To dis
trust these is to impugn tho wisdom and
beneficenoc of an overruling Providonce.
lleavy Cotton Pkkmicms. —The Cham
ber of Commerce, merchants and manu
facturers of Cincinnati have offered $2,450
in premiums for cotton, to be awarded by
the Industrial Exhibition of 1871, which
commenced on the 6th of September and
will continue until the 7th of October.
The premiums are to bo awarded as fol
lows :
Best bale from Texas, $250; second
best, SIOO. Best bale from Louisiana,
$250 ; second best, SIOO. Best bale from
Arkansas, $250 ; second best, SIOO. Best
bale from Tennessee, $250; second best,
SIOO. Best bale from Mississippi, $250;
second best bale, SIOO, Best bale from
Alabama, $250; second best, SIOO. Best
bale from Georgia, $250; second best,
SIOO.
The General Committee of Management
offer, in addition to the above, a sweep
stakes premium of a grand gold medal,
open to competition from all States named.
Cotton will be received for entry up to
the 80th of September. Entries must bo
made by the producer or his authorized
agent, and satisfactory evidence of the
locality in which the cotton was raised
must be given. Bales weighing less than
400 pounds will not be admitted. In
awarding the premiums more attention
will be paid to the careful handling and
general condition of the cotton than to the
length ot the staple, resulting from local
advantages, <Scc.
Nilsson is said to havo tsvonty-three
afternoon dresses.
Silly’s engagement in San Francisco was
a disastrous failure.
New York’s beer consumption is 15,555,-
500 gallons.
