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About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1866-1877 | View Entire Issue (July 24, 1872)
Chronicle anti .Smftnrl. WEDNESDAY JULY 24. National Democratic Nominees. FOR PRESIDENT, Horace Greeley, Op Ns* Yobk. FOR VICE PRESIDENT, J*. Gra t z Brown, Os Missouri. _ NO WHOLE OR HALF WAY AID TO ORA NT'S RK-RLKCTION. On the ere of suiting to Enropc, as a means of restoring his health, Senator Bayard, of Delaware, has written a lxild, frank, manly letter, respecting the political situation and the duty of all Democrats in the campaign just entered upon. The following is the text, as we find it in the New York World : Mv Dear Sib— I The peremptory orders of my physicians compel me to obtain absolute rest and quiet, and for this reason I leave the country. My pas sage has been engaged, and I shall sail for Europe on Saturday, the 13th inst. Although unfitted by my condition of health, I felt it to be my duty to go to Baltimore as a delegate to the Conven tion, and it is in relation to the action of that body that I wish a few words with you, ami, through you, to my other party friends in Delaware, before I leave. I need not say to you or to them with what astonishment and dis appointment I heard of the nomination of Greeley and Brown at Cincinnati, nor how steadily and openly I have at all times expressed myself in opposition to the adoption of that ticket by the Democratic party at Baltimore. But the result has been accomplished, how ever much against our will and efforts, and it is our duty, calmly and steadily, to confront the fact now presented to our eyes. If the issues of the campaign were those only of revenue reform, of civil service reform—questions in which pecuniary loss or gain to the public were involved—l might be willing to take no part in the Presidential contest, but allow the demoralizing course pur sued by Grant and his Administration to be continued four years longer, trust ing that the very extent and flagitious nature of the notorious abuses would in themselves so instruct the people that they would recoil from placing further trust in such hands. The natural ca pacities of the soil and climates of our country, together with the industry and energies of our people, render the pro duction of wealth (mere wealth) almost boundless, and we can almost afford to bear the results of financial blunders, and, so long as they aro confined to official circles, of public roberries and peculations, provided we can in the end buy our experience through the usual methods of loss and suffering. But, severe and painful though tlieso abuses and their consequences may bo, they weigh, to me, lightly compared to the destruction of all the limitations upon power which our written constitution of government was designed to create, and which General Grant and those who assist him in administering the Govern ment, including Radical majorities in both Houses of Congress, seem either to totally disregard or, as I have some times thought, to take a scornful pleasure in trampling under foot. ft is utterly impossible for me, with the scenes which I have witnessed in the Hen ate of the United States rising be fore my eyes, not to feel the gravest ap prehensions and alarm at any prospect ur suggestion of allowing the policy of Grant and his Administration toward the Southern States and their white inhabi tants longer to continue, if any honora ble act of mine can tend to avert so groat a calamity. Can any man justly deny that the condition of the people in the Rheiaish provinces, torn from France by the armed hand of Germany, is pre ferable to-day in all that protects person and property, to that of the white peo ple in many of the Southern States un der the Governments which Congress has sot over them under the so-called system of reconstruction, and which Grant has upheld either by threats of the bayonet or its actual presence in those communities ? Ho and his party have stood by for the last three years, and have seen the South robbed, insult ed, ami almost beggared by a motley crew, all of his own political party, of unprincipled political adventurers from tlie North, and ignorant and vicious ne groeH of the native population, and have uttered no word of disapproval ; but, on the contrary, have from time to time lent the military power of the Govern ment (as in the cases of the troops sent upon tin' application of Governor Hol den, of North Carolina; of Scott, of South Carolina, nr liis own brother-in law, Casey, in New Orleans) to maintain in power these rapacious and dishonest rulers whom the sufferings and discon tent, of their people were threatening to eject from office and power. Now, whether I agree with Mr. Greeley per sonally or no; whether he had or had not been the steady and violent opponent of the political principles and measures which you and I have been upholding all our lives; yet if ho lias become, with or against our action or wishes, the most likely or practical means of restoring a better condition of feeling in the North toward the South, and restoring securi ty and justice to that oppressed region, J should feel myself as an American, without regard to the nanieof party—but, without, sacrifice of any conviction in re lation to my political principles—com pelled to assist in placing him in power. I say nothing now of his qualifications or personal fitness for the place; I have spoken of them heretofore, and against my wishes and judgment the representa tives of the party have placed him in the candidacy, if there was any prac ticable means of electing a man better fitted for the place, and one whose po litical career lias been in harmony with your views and mine, I need not say to you that I should strive to see such a one chosen ; but the current of popular opinion in this vast country takes strange and oftentimes untoward direc tions, and for good or ill sweeps us with it. Sixty days ago the condition of af fairs we now witness would have boon deemed incredible, and any man would have laughed at, as absurd and impos sible, what we now see in fact and sub stance. Events as they now confront us wore shaped in opposition to our efforts, and as they are we are not responsible for them; but we are responsible for our mode of dealing with them now; and I hope our State Convention will prompt ly and decidedly nominate an electoral ticket in opposition to Grant and Wil son, and in favor of the only candidates who, as matters now stand, can be hope fully expected to defeat them—l mean Greeley and Brown, for whom I expect to vote on the fifth day of November next.. 1 hope to return home by the middle of September, with my health restored, and enabled to take part in the political canvass. The subject to which this letter relates has given me a gloat deal of anxiety and distress, which I know is shared by thousands of true men of the same political party in this {State; but I believe that my decision is the right one, and 1 know that it is founded upon honest motives. This only alternative to a whole or half-way aid"to Grant’s re-election may be hard for us to adopt, but i think it is our duty, and so I trust will you and the en tire' Democracy of Delaware. Yoiir friend sincerely, T. F. Bayard. Wilmington, July 11, 1872. It is well known that Delaware voted sternly and uncompromisingly against Greeley aail Brown at tlie Baltimore Con vention, ood that Senator Bayard, the Chairman t*t the Delaware delegation, spoke earnestly and eloquently, protest ing against the adoption o{ the Cincin nati nominees and platform. His speech, for a time at least, was particularly dis tasteful to a large mass of delegates from the Western States, and at the out set not received wit h that courtesy which was due to a pure man, and as sterling a Democrat as the Senator from Delaware. But calmly and deliln'rately, hut with •imperturbable resolution, the Senator delivered his protest in the name of his State and in behalf of his co-delegates. Now, however, this sterling Demo eiat who has never yet failed or faltered iii devotion to principle, urges that the Democracy of Delaware shall contribute neither who’e or half way aid to Grant s election, bnt shall support Greeley and Brown. Notwithstanding a life-long prejudice and antagonism, after a suc cinct acknowledgment tliai it was im possible to turn the popular title, in us demands for Greeley and Browui ad the exponents of peace and of the restora tion of good feeling with constitutional rights, Senator Bayard boldly and open ly announces that his purpose is to de posit his vote on the sth of next Novem ber for the Baltimore nominees, "‘with out any sacrifice of political principle,” as * ‘the most liluely ami practical mean* o/ rearing a better condition of feel ing in the jXurih toward /fv.’ South , and rrjstoriny seaut'ity and Juetifu to that {*' South) region. ” Perhaps no man is better acquainted with the character and degree of suffer ing which lias liofallen the people of the South under Radical misrule and Grant’s military administration of law. As a meinlier of the Congressional Investi gation Committee, lie came to Georgia and other Southern States, and saw for himself and heard for himself—mot the worthless witnesses who were trumped up to swear to lies to justify tyranny learned their character and standing in the respective communities —and met the men who suffered in the swoat-box and in the dungeon, and learned the pretext by which, under military ]>ower, they were made to suffer in their jiersons and in their property. It is no affectation of sentiment or subterfuge in political poli cy which prompts the gallant Bayard to declare that it is utterly impossible for him to aid by any whole (as direct opposition to Greeley and Brown) or any lialf-way aid (as indifference and neu trality in the election) to allow the policy of Grant and his Administration to con tinue longer, if any honorable act of liia can avert so great a calamity. All honor to the gallant Bayard. His manly letter will be read with interest by thousands in Georgia and other States, and cherished in time to come as worthy the humanity of a gallant and good man. THE GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE. We present thin morning the full text of the Message of His Excellency Gov ernor James M. Smith. It came to hand too late for comment in our present issue, but from the known ability of its able and truly patriotic author, wo feel that we hazard nothing in commending its perusal, as among the ablest State papers which liavo emanated from the many illustrious men who liavo adorned the Executive Chair of Georgia. PENNSYLVANIA. The Philadelphia Press groans over the fact that every Democratic news paper in the State of Pennsylvania has, since the action of the Baltimore Con vention, declared for Greeley and Brown, and asks whether the Democratic masses will show the same facility in accepting the Baltimore nominees. Not only the “Democratic masses,” but a large portion of the “Republican masses” in that State aro decidedly in favor of Greeley and Brown as against Grant and Wilson. The loading Repub lican journals in that State are pro nounced in their opposition to the Radi cal State ticket, and there is but a short step from where they now stand to the full support of Greeley. Upon the whole, wo look upon tho vote of Pennsylvania as certain for the Haiti more nominees. NORTH CAROLINA. Tho canvass in this State is waxing warm. Both parties are fully organized and have their strongest men on their respective tickets. The Democrats have the intelligence and worth of tho State on their side, while their opponents are a motley crew of carpet-baggers, scala wags and negroes, backed by the whole power of the Federal Government and the entire treasury of tho United States. A large Democratic meeting wavs hold in Raleigh on Tuesday last, at which speeches wore made by ox-Son&tor Doo little, Governor Walker, of Virginia, Dr. If. V. M. Miller, of this State, Senator Tipton, and several distingushod citizens of tho State. Tho mooting was very enthusiastic, and tho speeches of tho several gentlemen wore delivered with much effect, and our friends there are confident of success. “LOCAL REFORM IN SOUTH CARO LINA.” We have before us a pamphlot with the above title, by Col. Win. 1.. Tron liolm, of Charleston, S. C., a gentlo man of flue abilities and of high accom plishments. Wo most cordially recom mend the article to all, but particularly to our readers in South Carolina. It is the most comprehensive piece wo have read oil this subject, and shows more grasp, and more manly readiness to grapple with tho evils South Carolina suffers from, than anything of its kind we have met with. The article begins with a brief survey of the condition of the Slate at the close of the war, shows in few words the policy of the Adminis tration, its effects, tho mistakes made by the people iu their effort to obtain a more liberal government, tiro effort made by the Reform movement of 1876 to correct those mistakes, the causes of its failure, and the prospect which now opens for a more successful movement. Tho style is terse and vigorous, and en tirely free from all useless ornamenta tion. We commend it, and trust and think it will be most useful. FORNEY AGITATE(> ABOUT GOV ERNMENT COM PENBATION FOR SLAVES. Forney is greatly agitated—dreadfully agitated. Os course lie is for Grant and the immaculato Radicals, whoso highest conception of “peace” is to fight for it; and of public policy is to enforce as late whatever the Radical party may clothe in the form of law. Nevertheless, For ney is terribly agitated. 110 says he respects Greeley as a very worthy man, and has nothing to urge against him, except that he has formed a coalition with the Democrats for the overthrow of a military government and the ro-estab lishmont of a civil authority under tho constitution as tho paramount power, lie says that “it will not help tho cause of the Republican party to abuse and disparage Charles Sumner” because of his terrible philippic against Grant. Hartranft, the Radical candidate for Governor of Pennsylvania, who earned limn Is at the scaffold of the unfortunate Mrs. Surratt, ho declares will lose tho State to the Republicans by forty thou sand majority. F.ut, tlie special cause of tribulation is that Greeley’s election (which he half way concedes) will bring compensation to the Southern people for slaves emanci pated by Lincoln’s proclamation. He is very sensitive. His words arc re markable. We quote without comment— literally except to italicise a single line which concedes the justice of tlio claims for compensation which the colored population would hail with delight as quieting all their troubles for the future. Tlie Press, of the 13th of July, says : If through the Greeley coalition the ex-rebels of the South should themselves become again the controlling element of j a majority party, with a President and Congress' subservient to their wishes, is it not more than likely that they would demand compensation for tlieir emanci pated slaves ? Remembering that Mr. Greeley advocated compensated emanci pation in 18(52, and no doubt from a sincere belief that it was just, ho might not as President regard the elaiii* as pre posterous, oven at this late ilav. Tho D emoeraey at Baltimore adopted with out change the Cincinnati platform, whose seventh clause says : “The public credit must be sacredly maintained, aud tee denounce repudiation in every form nr guise." Once restored to power, mainly by the vote's of tho Southern States, this party might be disposed to give the widest construction to this plank of tlieir platform. Tho slave owners would unquestionably present their bills to the National Government and urge, not without a sjjeeious show of plausibility, that the taking away of t'hi ir valuable slave property without reimbursement was repudiation under the guise of, a war, and that therefore the new Administration was pledged by the Baltimore platform to pay them. Abont a week ago, in .Arkansas, as a widow woman named Goens was passing Now'ton Moore’s house, seven or eight m iles we Q t of Walnut Hill, she was at tacked by a pack of dogs, aud literally torn (b* pieces. She lived bnt a few hours, wtmu death »lieved her 1 mangled form of its ixxrucbßing pain. Since the above, another uidividmJ was attacked, bat escaped, after a desperate struggle wi tlx the same pack. The vetera* financial editor, par ex ceileueo, in the United States, is Mr. Sailer, U the Philadelphm ledger. He has written (the MWUey article for that journal there lor of thirty-two years aud over. , GOVERNOR'S MESSAGE. Executive Department, ( Atlanta, July 17, 1872. ) 7b the Senate and House of Represen tatives : It is made my duty by the Constitu tion to give to the General Assembly in formation of the state of the Common wealth, and to recommend to tlieir con sideration such measures as may lie deemed necessary and expedient for the public good. I approach the discharge of this duty with a feeling of diffidence, produced by a consciousness that the subjects before me will require a more extended notice than I shall be able to bestow upon them. When I entered upon the duties of the Executive office, in January last, great confusion existed iu almost every depart ment of our public affairs. Our finances were in the utmost disorder, and the stock boards of this country and of Eu rope had been flooded with* bonds, pur porting to have been issued by this State, bnt yet regarded as of doubtful validity. The administration of justice had been rendered ineffective by the abuse of the pardoning power ; the con fidence of tlie people in their public ser vants had been impaired by the faithless conduct of leading officials, and a feeling of general distrust and insecurity pre vailed. The civil authorities had so long been subordinated to military power, that many true men had reached the melancholy conclusion that civil liberty had already ceasod to exist. The earnest efforts of every depart ment of the Government have been di rected to tho correction of these abuses; and if tlieso efforts havo not yot proved entirely successful, it has been because the evils songbt to bo remedied wore manifold and dooply rooted. Evil, tho result of years of misrule, cannot ho ex tirpated in a day. Much patient labor yet remains to be done, and in its per formance I earnestly invoke tlio assist ance of tho representatives of tho peo ple. rtJBMO DEBT ANI) FINANCES. By a legislative act, entitled “an act to protect the people of tho State of Georgia against tlie illegal and fraudu lent issues of bonds and securities, and for other purposes connected with tlie same," passed December ‘J, 1871, it was provided that a joint oommittoo of tho Senate and nouso of Representatives should bo appointed, whoso duty it should be to ascertain and roport tho number of bonds and endorsements which had been issued and put into cir culation by Rufus R. Bullock, late Gov ernor; tho aggregate amount thereof, by whom the same wore sold, tlio amount of money paid therefor, the times when, and the persons to whom such payments wore mado, and all other facts connect ed with tho history of said bonds. The committee appointed by virtue of this act will submit their roport, T learn, during tlie present session of tho Legis lature. While it is proper that I post pone any extended remarks upon the classes of claims and securities mention ed in tho act, until after the information collected by tho committee shall have been laid before you, yet I feel constrain ed to say that, in my opinion, the Slate is bound for tlio redemption of only such obligations as have been issued in conformity with law. If money raised upon unauthorized securities has come into t.ho Treasury, the State is bound to account for tho same. Bnt considera tions of public policy forbid that the State should recognize as valid and bind ing any contract entered into by any porson not authorized to make the same. 'Clio Governor lias no authority, by vir tue of his office alone, to issue bonds of the State. To do this, lie must be spe cially authorized by a legislative act passed for that purpose. Wlion so em powered lie becomes a special agent, and cannot transcend the limits of tho grant conferring his powers. It is a well es tablished principle that persons having dealings with public agents, in matters like this, are strictly bound to look to the authority of such agents. The following is a consolidated state ment of tho existing debt of tho State, created before tlio fourth day of July, 18(18, showing tlio amounts and dates of the issue and maturity of tlio bonds: Wlion issued. Amount. 1842 au.l 1362 1872 if,50,000 00 1812 and 1813 1873 137,000 00 1811 and 1818 387-1 251,500 00 IK6B 1878 100,000 00 IKSO 1879 200,000 00 | S ,;(| | 1880 200,000 00 IHC.I .... 1881 100,000 00 i lss? 3,600.000 00 (irand total. 7.T. .j j. .*5,238,500 00 From tlidtorogoing tabular statement, it will appear that the total amount of our bonded debt, contracted prior to July 4, 1808, is $5,238,500. To meet tho bonds falling duo tho present Summer, the Governor was au thorized to issuo bonds to tho amount of $700,000, due in twenty years, and bearing interest at a rate not exceeding seven per cent, per annum, payable semi-annually. As required by tlie pro visions of this act, I liavo caused bonds to bo prepared, and tho samo aro now being used in exchange and redemption of the old bonds falling dun the present year. By the third section of the act, a temporary loan was authorized in a sum not exceeding $300,000, for tho purpose of paying the semi-annual interest, due the present Summer, upon the bonds of tlio State issued before the Ist day of .Tune, 1808, which loan, it is provided, shall bo paid back out of the moneys re ceived from the taxes paid into tho Treasury during the year 1872. Acting under the authority thus con ferred, T borrowed from the National Bank of Commerce, in Now York, the sum of $200,000, at seven per cent, per annum, to bo repaid on tho first day of December next. This sum was placed to the credit of tho State on the 29tli day of June last, and is sufficient to pay the interest falling due upon our old debt in the months of June, July and August. An arrangement has also been effected with tho National Bank of Commerce to net as tho agent of tho State in exchang ing the old for the new bonds falling due this year. This arrangement is as follows : An offer is made to tlie lioldors of the old bonds to excliango therefor tlio now seven per cent, bonds author ized to be issued by said act. In the event this offer shall not bo accepted, it is proposed that the semi-annual inter est shall continue to he paid upon the old bonds until tlio State shall be able to redeem tho same This arrangement is tho best that could bo effected in the present condition of tho public credit, and it is believed that it will give satis faction to our creditors. There exists no law authorizing the payment of interest upon tlio old bonds after their maturity, but Vicing satisfied that the proposition to that effect, embraced in tlie arrange ment above referred to, if carried out, will be promotive of tlie public welfare, I respectfully recommend that the same be approved by the Legislature. In effecting these arrangements, I have to acknowledge tho obligations under which I rest to the Hon. Charles J. Jenkins, who, while refusing all pecuniary compensation therefor as tho agent of the State, brought to my aid the benefit of his well-known wisdom and experience. By the wasteful expenditures of tlio late administration, tlio State was de prived of the means of paving the semi annual installment of interest upon the public debt, and to supply such means it became necessary to resort to the doubtful expedient of a short loan. The necessary effect of this will be to placo three semi-annual installments of in terest on tlie public debt upon tho revenues of the present year. In De cember next, we shall have to pay the temporary loan contracted to meet the interest falling due Uiis Summer. Then, following closely in January and Febru ary thereafter, another semi-annual in stallment will fall due. This wo shall probably be able to meet without serious difficulty. In June, July and August of next year, however, another like install ment will become dim, and will bo upon us before the taxes of next year pan be collected. The temporary loan just ne gotiated should be promptly paid at maturity, and provision be made to meet future installments of interest without recourse to temporary expedients. It is of the highest importance that the erf si it of the State lie fully re-estab lished, to tho end that tho heavy burdens now resting upon tho people may be re moved as speedily as possible. The present impoverished condition of tho country, produced by the late civil war, the disorganization of our lalxir system, and the wasteful extravagance which characterized the acts of those lately in authority, render tho practice of the most rigid economy indispensably ne cessary. Onr resources should be hus banded, onr expenditures confined with in the strictest limits of necessity, and public officials held to rigid accounta bility. By a wiso, honest and faithful administration of the government, the public credit will soon be restored, and the people be relieved of the weight of taxation which now oppresses them. FLOATING DEBT OF WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILROAD. 1 Yonr attention is also respectfully 1 called to tho propriety of making pro visions for tho payment of the floating debt of the Western and Atlantic Rail road. The annual roport of the Comp troller General, herewith transmitted, shoK that there was paid oat of tlie public Treasury during the year 1871, to claims belonging to the class just named, tin- sAua of $453,089 92. There is still a large numlit-r of ii}ch claims outstand ing, a portion of which have hum audited by the commissioners appointed by the Legislature, iu the act approved October 24, 1870 ’ At tlie late session of the General As sembly a committee was appointed with power to investigate the conduct of the said commissioners, and to inquire whether any claims had been allowed by them after being rejected by the Legis lature or by the Courts, or whether any claims had l»een allowed which hail been barred by the statute of limitations, and whether any fraudulent and illegal claims had been allowed, and upon what evidence. No warrants liavo boon issued for the payment of these claims since my accession to office. It is a matter of donht whether any appropriation exists for their payment, and I deemed it prop- er and respectful to await action on tlie part of the Legislature, before directing further payments to be mode. I would also call your attention to the fact that there is outstanding a large amount of claims against the State in the form of change hills and notes is sued during the late war, and others bear date as far back as tho time when tho road was being constructed. I have beou informed that it has been held by tlie Courts of Tennessee that the full amount spocified on the face of the cliango bills issued during the war is re coverable. Iu view of tho fact that much litigation may ariso, and groat ex pense be incurred in suits brought in the Courts of Tennessee for the collec tion of these hills, I respectfully recom mond that some provision lie made whereby these evils may be avoided. LEASE OF TUB WESTERN AND ATLANTIC RAILROAD. The attention of tho Legislature has never been formally called to tho lease of the Western anil Atlantic Railroad, and I, therefore, transmit herewith copies of all tho papers of record anil on file in this Department referring to the samo. From tlieso papers it will appear that on tho 27th day of December, 1870, my predecessor leased tho road, its rolling stock and other property, for the term of twenty years, for the sum of $25,000 per month, or $300,000 per annum. This rental lias been regularly and punctual ly paid. Tho terms and condition of the lease are fully set forth in the ac companying documents, and need not to be recapitulated boro. The circumstances attending this transaction, from its inception to its consummation, havo excited great inter est in tho public mind, and liavo boon tho subject of much diverse criticism. In consequence of this fact, tlio Legisla ture at its lato session, by a joint resolu tion, provided for the appointment of a oommitteo, whoso duty it was mado to investigate and report upon the loaso. This committee, 1 am informed, will submit tlieir report during your present session. Aliy discussion of the lease, therefore, at this time, ami in advance of the official evidence, might justly be deemed premature. Tho magnitude of the interest involv ed, and tho concern which tho transac tion lias excited in the public mind, ren der it proper that I should invoke at your hands, whenever you shall feel it to ho your duty to take up this important matter for consideration, tho exercise of your highest wisdom and justice. In the discussion which will doubtless arise, I feel assured that you will lose sight of neither the true interests of the people, the honor and dignity of the State, or tho rights of tlio lessees. POPULAR EDUCATION. I transmit herewith tlie report of the State School Commissioner upon the present condition and wants of our com mon school system, to which I respect fully iuvito your attention. Tho attempt to establish tho common school system in this Stato has not been crowned with tlio success which was an ticipated. It is not difficult to under stand the causes which have led to this result. In the impoverished condition of tho peoplo, it has boon found imprac ticable to raise tho means at once to car ry into successful operation a system so expensive, without too great an ineroaso of taxation. Even tho scant menus which have come into tho Treasury, and which by the Constitution were sot apart and devoted to common school purposes, have been misapplied. By order of tlio General Assembly, in tho year 1870, tho sum of $242,027 02, belonging to tho school fund, was taken from tho Treasury. Soon after this was done the Legislature passed an act es tablishing a common school system. Tlio grave wrong was committed of first mis appropriating tho school fund, and next of establishing a cumbrous and expen sive system, requiring for its successful operation a heavy outlay of money. No sufficient appropriation was mado for defraying tho expenses of tho system. Tho necessary consequence of this un aviso procedure was, that hoavy debts were contracted in tho employment of teachers, and for other purposes. Tho law, as it now stands, although an im provement upon previous legislation, is still very defective. Tlieso defects are pointed out in the report of the Commis sioner, and the necessary remedial legis lation suggested. I cannot too urgently rocommend that provision ho at once mado for paying tho just claims of teachers. When the school fund was taken from tho Treasury, cortain bonds of tho Stato wore depositoil in lieu of tho samo. Tho Governor was authorized to sell these bonds to raise money to pay the teach ers, but the power to sell was expressly made dependent, upon tho condition that such sale could be mado without injury to the public credit. Upon inquiry made of the Treasurer, I found that tho bonds bore litllgraphed coupons, and in liis judgment were so defectively oxecuted as to boos little or no value. As an evidence of this, it was stated that they had boon offered by the late Governor in the Now York market, but a sale of them had been found iin practicable, except at a ruinous sacrifice. Being satisfied that the more fact of these bonds, thiisexecnted, being placed upon the market would greatly impair ' tho credit of tho State, I deemed it to lie my duty to defer any attempt to sell them, and to submit the matter to the General Assembly. AGRICULTURAL LAND SCRIP. By an act of Congress, passed in tho year 18(52, donations of land were offered to the States for tlie pnrposa of estab lishing agricultural unit mechanical col leges, Tlie States accepting tho dona tions were allowed until tho second day of July, instant, to establish the colleges. Tho scrip isstiod to tlio State of Georgia, under tho provisions of said Congress, was sold by my immediate predecessor, at ninety cents per acre, making thesnin of $243,(MX). Os this, the sum of $50,400 lias been received. The remaining por tion will not become due until tho third day of July, 1873. Finding that tho time in which tho college in this State must bo established, if at all, would expire bofore the moot ing of the General Assembly, and fool ing unwilling to apply to Congress to ex tend the time, for the reason that such application in all probability would havo boon used as a pretext for attaching to tlio donation conditions which would have rendered the same odious to the people, I determined that, it was my duty to exorcise the power conferred upon the Executive liy tho Legislature, and to save this important fund for our peoplo. The question arose, how could this host bo done ? In looking over tlio State it was found that we had several excellent institu tions of learning, and that tho people in several localities desired to havo tho col lege established in tlieir midst. This was natural and praiseworthy. But my duty was plainly pointed out by law, and bevond this I could not go. lho act of the Legislature, approved Docember 12, 1866, conferred upon tlie Governor all tlio power necessary to save tho fund to tho State. Tho act of Congress, how ever, making tho donation, required that the college should be actually establish ed bv tho 2d day of July, 1872. There was no such college in existence iu this State, and TANARUS, as Chief Executive Officer under the Government, had no authori ty to create such an institution. The Legislatnte had failed to organizo a col lege for this purjsise, or to dispose of the fund, and would not reassemble m time to take tho neecssary action. YV hat then could be done ? „ By the terms of its charter, tlie Trus tees of the. University of the State, located at Athens, and already In suc cessful operation, possessed ample pow ers to establish such a college as that described in the act of Congress making the donaiion, and it was only by the prompt exercise of these powers by the Trustees that the fund did not become forfeit. The Trustees held a meeting in this city, on the 13th day of March last, when they organized a college in conformity to the law granting the do nation, made formal application ter tho use of the fund, and received an Execu tive order bestowing the same upon the University. . I herewith transmit copies of tho pro ceedings had at said meeting of the Trustees, and of tho Executive order re ferred to. . „ , ~ . . It may be remarked that the aot of Congress prescrilied the conditions upon which the donation was made. One of these conditions required that the State, upon accepting the donation, should become bound to proservo the fund, and to see that no part of the same was lost or misapplied. Tlie acceptance of the fund made the State a trustee for the uses declared in tho act creating the trust. To enable the State to perform its dntv, and to protect its fund, it was manifestly necessary that the wine should be kept within the control of the Legislature. The University is a State institution, and the action of the Trus tees may be reviewed by the General Assembly. This is true of no other in stitution of learning in the State. In granting the nse of the fund to the University, therefore, I was careful to place it where the Legislature would still retain the power to interpose for its proper application and preservation. No part of tho principal fund, or of the interest, could be appropriated to the purchase or erection of buildings for the college, but no delay wits occasioned on this account, since there were already suitable buildings belonging to tlie Univerity, which could bo used for that purpose.* For these and othor reasons which might be given, I deemed it to be my duty to savo tlie donation in the only practical way left open to me, and to grant the fund to tho University of tho State. It may be added that the college went into operation on the first day of May, under the most promising auspices, and that there are already abont one hun dred students receiving instruction in tho samo free of charge. Tho prospect is that this number will be largely in creased, and that tho State, so far at least as hor agricultural and mechanical interests aro involved, will soon enter upon anew and more prosperous career. What wo most noed is thorough and practical education, and this the new college promises to seeure to all classes of the people—to tho poor as well as to the rich anil more fortunate. PENITENTIARY. By authority of tho act approved Do-1 comber 14, 1871, authorizing the Gover nor to farm out tho convicts in the peni tentiary, I proceeded, after duo notice given, to lease the same for the term of two years, to Messrs. Grant, Alexander & Cos., at tho sum of fifty dollars per capita per annum. The number of con victs in tho penitentiary on tlie day the lease vAis executed was 432. Tho num ber on tho first of this month had in creased to 475. Thirty-two havo been discharged iu the meantime, tlioir terms having expired. This marked increase in tho number of convicts is not duo to any augmenta tion of crime in tho State, but is believed to bo tho result entirely of a moro rigid and proper enforcement of tho laws. This institution heretofore has boon a sourco of expense to tlio Stato. Under tho present arrangement, liowovor, it is not probablo that any appropriations will become 'necessary for its support and maintenance. On tlie ooutrary, it will probably be productive of considerable revenue. PARDONING POWER. It may be here remarked that in tho present state of society, I have felt it to be my duty to confine tlio exercise of tho pardoning power within very strict limits. Courts and juries constitute tho proper tribunal for the trial of crimi nal offenses, and it is no part of the duty of tlio Executive to intervene to screen the guilty from punishment. The theory of the law upon this subject is, that when guilt has boon ascertained in the manner prescribed by tho supremo au thority, the interest of society demands that the offender be punished. The most painful duty which devolves upon the Chief Magistrate of the Common wealth is the refusal of appeals mado to tho Executive clemency, impressed as I have been, however, with the convic tion that the good order, peace and wel fare of society depend in a large meas ure upon the enforcement of the larva, I havo felt constrained to refuse to inter fere with the duo execution of judg ments pronounced by tho judicial au thorities. It is believed that a strict ad herence to this lino of duty will result, at no distant day, in restoring to the people that feeling of security, without which society can bo neither prosperous or liappy. I am glad to have it in my power to add, that there has boon a markoil diminution of crime throughout the Htate, and that there is reason to bo lievo that this diminution will boconio moro marked in tho future. LUNATIC CONVICTS. Your attention is respectfully called to tho defects in tho law as it now stands in regard to tho proper disposition to bn mado of lunatic convicts. Under our present system there is no provision of law specially adapted to such cases. Wlion the convicts wore confined in tho State prison, undor tlio direct control of tho principal keeper, a provision existed for tho removal of lunatio oonvicts from tho penitentiary to tho Lunatic Asylum, upon proper certificates of lunacy being mado by the physician of the peniten tiary ami tho principal keeper. At this time, however, there is no such ofticor as physician of tho peniten tiary, and tho principal keeper has ceas ed to havo the peculiar custody and con trol of tho convicts. The only evidence, therefore, upon which tho Superinten dent of tho Lunatic Asylum is authorized to rocoivo a convict into tlio Asylum, cannot bo suppliod. Tlio lossoos aro bound by their contract and by the law to treat tho convicts with humanity, and to confine them seouroly ; but there is no provisions proscribing the pro ceed in ga to ho had iu ease any of them becomes lunatic. I tlioreforc recom mend tlio passago of such act as will cure tho evil here pointed out. LUNATIC ASYLUM. I herewith transmit tho roport of tho special committee appointed to investi gate tho condition of tho Lunatic Asy lum. The investigations of the com mittee have boon thorough, and tho information which they liavo collected in regard to this great charity cannot fail to attract tho earnest attention of tlio General Assembly. Tlie number of pa tients now being treated in the Asylum Is large, and tlio expenses attending the samo aro heavy. These unfortunates must bo cared for, however, and to that end all needed reforms in tho adminis tration of tho institution should bo in troduced, and all existing abuses cor rected. Tho committee, whose report is now submitted, is composed of geutlo men of high character and marked abili ties, and any suggestions that they may make are entitled to the most respectful consideration. MAIMED SOLDIERS. I respectfully ask that your attention bo directed to tho subject of supplying means to furnisli artificial limbs to such indigent soldiers of this Statu as were maimed iu tho late war, whether in tho sorvico of tho State of Georgia or of tho Confederate States. Tho Gonoral As sembly, in 1866, made an appropriation for this purpose, but I am advised that there aro still many iniligoutsoliliors re maining, who have never been supplied with artificial limbs. Tho report of the Comptroller (tenoral, made in the year 1809, shows that a portion of the appro priation made in 1866 is still unex pended. As this fund cannot now bo drawn from tho Treasury without further action by tlio Legislature, I respects ul ly recommend that an appropriation bo made sufficient to meet the wants of this meritorious aud unfortunate class of our fellow-citizens. Thoso patriotic men gave tlieir natural limbs to the service of the State, and it is but little to ask that, the State should replace them with artificial limbo. OUR DEAD SOLDIERS. Your attention is also earnestly called to tho fact that tho bodies of over two thousand soldiers, who foil fighting upon our own soil, still remain uncared for on the hillsides and in tho valleys, where they surrendered their lives in our do fonHo. By appropriation heretofore mado, and by private contributions of moans and time, expondoil undor the patriotic direction of tlio ladies com posing tho Board of Trustees of tlio Georgia Memorial Association, twenty two hundred and eighty bodies havo been gathered up and decently interred in tlio soldiors’ icmetery laid out for that pur pose at Marietta. All the moans on hand have long sinco boon exhausted. Nothing further lias been done within the last throe yoaTs, and now even tho cemo tery, prepared with such pious care, has fallen into deday from lack of funds to keep it up. I respectfully inquire how long this neglect shall bo permitted to | continue ? Having put onr hands to this good work, sliall we turn hack and leave it unfinished ? Tlieso men died for us. Shall we not, then, at least save tlieir bones from the plowshare, and put them tenderly away ? Duty calls us, and onr noble women )taml ready, with tearful eyes, to perfirm the holy task- Our people are pour aud tlm State is cramp- i off in her fmaspos—for tho stranger ami tlio spoiler have boon among us—bnt we are not so poor but that we can yet bury our dead. MILITARY INTERFERENCE. It may be that it is unnecessary to call your attention to tho correspondence which was recently had by this depart ment with the commandant of tho mili tary forces of the United States sta tioned at this place, in reforenco to the interference in onr local affairs by armed Federal soldiery. The copies of letters, herewith transmitted, will put you in possession of all the facts connected with this unantliarized attempt to set aside and supersede tho authority of tho State. It is tho earnest desire of the people of Georgia to preserve good or der, to put down orime in their midst,to discharge all their duties, public and private, in a peaceable manner, and to maintain between tlie authorities of this Stato and of the United States kind i and pleasant relations. Such is my own fixed purpose as tbo Governor of the State. It is hoped, however, that we have seen tho lost of this kind of in terference with onr domestic affairs. There is neither rooson for it or warrant of law. It is my sworn duty, as Chief Magistrate of the Commonwealth, to up hold the laws, to maintain good order within our borders, and to protect the people in tlieir rights of person and property. To discharge this high duty, the Legislature has clothed the Ex<*cu tivo with amplo powers. There is not likely to arise an emergency when the aid of the Federal authorities will he re quired, and there can never occur n ease in which the voluntary and unauthorized interference of the military forces of the Government can lie necessary or justifi able. And so long as I hold the office with which the people have so freely honored mo, I shall protest against such interference with all the earnestness of outraged justice. The people have no thought of offering any kind of resist ance to the enforcement of the laws of the United States, hut they do protest, and will continue to protest, against all illegal and unauthorized attempts to trample under foot the groat rights of local self-government, whether such at tempts be made by the military forces or by the Judiciary of the Federal Gov ernment. Jambs M. Smith. Funeral of Hon. Linton Stephens. Sparta, July 16, 1872. Editor Savannah Morning News: I am sure a detailed account of the funeral of tho lamented Linton Sto phons, an account of whose sad and sud den death 1 sent you on Sunday, will not fail to interest your readers. Our town has presented a sad spocta clo for the last two days; every store has been closed, and business of all kinds suspended. Every door has been draped in mourning, and tlio whole town has boon hung with black, an omblom of the woo and sadness which the death of this great man, lawyer and patriot has brought to every heart—even to tlio hearts of those who woro his opponents while he lived. Not the sound of a ham mer could bo hoard, not a voice of joy struck tho air. Sorrow sat upon tho countenance of every one, and our woep ing town has held the solemn stillnoss of death, for its cruel hand lias robbed us of our honored, loved, lamented Ste phens. To-day at 10 o’clock we buried him. Early in the morning pooplo from tho country came pouring into town to get one last look at tlioir loved friend, and to bo present at his funeral obse quies. Ho was laid in a neat metallio ease, which stood in his library, where, in life, he had spent the most of his time, and from whence it was but proper for him to be taken to tlio grave. He was buried in tho grey suit which ho most always woro, and which ho had had made to speak in, in the ease of Myors, in Baltimore, who had boon a Oonfodo rato soldier, mid who was oharged by merchants of that oity with obtaining goods under false pretences. You have hoard of tlio success of that speech. It was fitting that his body should be shrouded in grey, tho emblem of South ern chivalry. The grave is just in front|of his dwell ing house, twenty-live or thirty yards from the front door, at a spot selected for tlio resting place of his body by Mrs. Stephens. Until a few moments before ten a a throng of pooplo crowdod the lumso, the street and tho yard. Just at 10 o’clock the pall-boarers, Mr. W. W. Simpson, Capt. L. L. Lamar, Hr. E. 1). Alfriond, J. Clarence Simmons, Loviek Pierce, Jr., and Henry Harris, who woro dressed in black, with white vests and gloves, each having a crape streamer hanging from his arm, came into tlio room whore tho corpse lay. The g’ vss face plate was covered and the coffin was taken out, followed by the bereaved wife and children, with several relatives. The crowd around the grave was im mense. As the coffin was being lowered, Col. Charles W. Dnßoso, in a clear, mellow voice, full of pathos and tho deepest fooling, read a most appropriate service, which is composed of passages culled from the Catholic service. Col. Hußoso was Judge Stephens’ intimate and true friend for twenty years, and knowing how much they loved each other, and with what deep, true feeling lie gayo utterance to the supplication, the eyes of that great crowd wore bathed in tears, so much did tho pooplo lovo Stephens, as the Homans loved their Csosar, and so tenderly touching and beautiful, liko Antony, over his grave was tho following road : “ I am the resurrection and tho life, saitli tho Lord ; ho that bolieveth in mo, though ho wore dead, yet shall ho livo, and whosoever livetli and boliovoth in mo shall never dio.” “I heard a voice from Iloaven saying unto mojfcvrito—From henceforth blessed are tho (load who died in the Lord. Even so, saitli the spirit; for they rest from their labors.” “ Out of tho deep have I called unto thoo O Lord ; Lord, hear my voice. “Olot thine oars consider well tho voice of my complaint. “If thou, Lord, will be extreme to mark what is done amiss, O Lord, who may abide it ? “ For there is mercy with thee, thero foro slnxlt thou be feared. “I look for tho Lord ; my soul doth wait for Him ; in His word is my trust. “ My soul flooth uutotho Lord bofore tho morning watch ; I say boforo the morning watch. “O Israel, trust in the Lord; for with tho Lord there is mercy, and with Him is plenteous redemption. And Ho shall redeem Israel from all his sins.” “Our Father, which art in Hoavon : hallowed be Thy name, Thy Kingdom oomo, Thy will be done on earth as it is in Heaven ; (livo us this day our daily broad, and forgive us our trespasses as wo forgivo them that trespass against us, and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil. Amen. ” “To Thoo, O Lord, wo recommend tho soul of this thy servant, that being dead to this world, ho may live to Thoo, and whatever sins ho has committed through human frailty, wo beseech Thoo in Tliy goodness mercifully to pardon, through Christ our Lord. Amen.” “ Grant, O Lord, that while wo here lament tho departure of Thy sorvnnt, wo may over remember that wo are most certainly to follow him. Givo us grace to prepare for that last, hour by a good life, that wo may not bo surprised by a sudden death; but bo ever watching when Thou sliult call, that so wo may enter into eternal glory: Through Jesus Christ, our Lord. Amen.” “ Givo him eternal rest, O Lord, and lot perpetual light shine upon him. “ From tho gates of lioll doliver his soul, O Lord. May ho rest in peace.” Until this was finished every breath was hushed, and in tho solemn stillness tho voico of tlio speaker rang out clear and loud, quivering slightly from emotion, wliilo overy heart was bowed in sorrow. Tho grave was fillod, and on it was placed a lovely cross and a beautiful wreath of white flowers and rare geranenms—tho latter a fitting emblem of the honor and fame lie lias won as an able thinker, a lawyer, a judge and orator, than whom Georgia can boast none greater. But down in tho dust and back to our mother earth we have given the body of this great man, and thus from earth lias passed away one who wasjust beginning to reap tho honors of his well-earned famo. “But tlio boast of boralJry, tlio pomp of power, And all that beauty, all that wealth ore gavo|J Await alike tbo inevitable hour; The paths of glory lead but to tbo grave.” May tho blessings of Heaven rest upon his grief-stricken family and comfort, his sorrowing orphans. Georoia. THE LUNATIC ASYLUM. Report of tho Committee to Examine the Institution. [FROM OUR SPECIAL CORRESPONDENT.] Atlanta, July 10th, 1872. Editors Chronicle <£• Sentinel : Some time last March, in accordance with a resolution of tho General Assem bly, Gov. Smith appointed a special committee, consisting of I)r. James F. Bozeman and William Henry Gumming, to examine into and report upon tho condition and management of tho State Asylum for the insane, situated near Millodgovillo. To-day tho report was presented in the House and Senate, and fell liko a shell in both llonses. Tho report is exceedingly lengthy, and was evidently prepared in an ahlo and caro ful manner. Though too long to pub lish in extenso, I am convinced that a synopsis of tho document will be read with interest. Dr. Bozeman states the officers of the institution to be one prin cipal and throe assistant physicians, an apothecary, secretary', treasuror and steward, assistant steward, matron and chaplain. He examined into tho finan cial management of the Asylum, found the accounts of tho officers correctly kept, and has no reason for supposing that any frauds or peculations liavo been committed. Bosides tho officers, these aro seventy-three employees, and tho an nual pay roll amounts to $28,497. Num ber of patients of all classes, 390. DRAWING RATIONS. Ho says that from an early poriod it has boon tho custom to allow rations gratuitously to the officors, but now all the agents and employees get substance from tho stores furnished by tho Htato to the Asylum. This gratuity has been oxtended still farther, and includes all the members of the families and the servants of tho officials and embraces forage for the private horses of tho tlxreo assistant'physicians and two stew ards. This issuance of supplies largely increases, and in some instances exceeds tho value of the annual wages or salary. The salary and wages last year amoun ted to $28,000, and the subsistence of horses and mules and men to more than 811,000. The subsistance of tho mules was allowed during the timo tho animals were hired at a fair per diem to haul wood for the Asylum. The expenses of ‘ the institution are $90,000 per annum, mul nearly one-lmlf is expended in the pay and support of the officials. Much less than one-half of the yearly appro priations is expended in the items of subsistence proper and clothing of -100 patients, about seven per cent, of whom are reported as full or partial pay pa tients. Hr. Bozeman recommends that none of the officers be allowed subsis tence except the chief physician and his servants. The number of employees is larger end tlioir pay higher than it should be. He thinks throe physicians sufficient, one steward, and that the steward and treasurer should not be the same person. He believes it wrong to allow the matron to he the wife of one of the physicians, bnt does not con demn the administration of the present matron, the wife of the chief physician, who has conducted the affairs of the office with fidelity. Hr. Camming investi gated tho workings of the institution, and his report is much more severe than that of his colleague. THE OROUNDS AND IVCTLDINOS. A portion of tho grounds have been im proved, but tho remainder is encum bered with stumps, brushwood and gul lies. The sowers open upon tho surface so near tho buildings that tlioir fetid contents sensibly pollute the air. The walls of tho principle building and the roof are very much in need of repair. The new buildings in process of con struction are solidly constructed, bnt destitute of architectural beauty. He thinks tho Asylum too largo and that there should be a branch in another part of the Stato. Idiots should not be admit ted to tho Asylum, as they need entirely difforont treatment and training from insane. Epileptics not insane should not bo brought in association with lunatics, as the contact is injurious to tho latter. Tlio site of tho garden is ill chosen, tho cultivation superficial, and little use made of tho manure which was available. Tho dairy seems a failure and a loss. MEDICAL STAFF, APOTHECARY AND MATRON. Tho medical staff is too largo, even, for tho six hundred patients which are ex pected when tho buildings are com plotod. If tlio ouorgies of tlio physicians had boon activoly and zealously devoted to tlio careful study of tlioir eases, many of thorn complicated and difficult, and to an earnest and scientific treatment of them, no objection to tlioir number would bo raised. But there seems to bo an utter absonoo of method and order in the medical arrangements. Tho patients are transferred quarterly from ono physician to another, no ease-books kept, no succession of events in each ease recorded,- nor the treatment em ployed, nor its results. Tho same absence of method and ordor pre vails in tho apothecary’s department; no prescriptions are filed, no prescrip tion books kept, and no records of any kind by which tho issuo of medicines might bo verified. Tho apothooary’s ro coipt to. tho steward shows tlio transfer from tlio purchasing to the dispensing officer, but hero all trace of the supplies is lost. In 1871 the apothecary received 515 gallons, or eight hogsheads, of ar dent liquors, and what became of them it is impossible to tell. It is scarcely credible that they woro used medici nally. It may safely bo presumed that they were consumed in some way, as ad ditional purchases wore made for tho first quarter of tho succeeding year. Dr. Gumming also disapproves tho ap pointment of the wife of the Superin tendent as matron, as she is officially liis subordinate, and unpleasant complica tions might aviso. During 1871 tho matron received materials l'or bedding and clothing of tlio value of $5,123, and furniture of tho value of $287, for none of which was any account rendered. TOO MANY FAMILIES. Four families, consisting of four hus bands, four wives, and twelve children and nearly as many servants, reside in the centre building. Two families (that of tho Superintendent, and that of his son-in-law, tho second assistant) form ono moss ; and the families of the first assistant, steward, apothecary and secretary form tlio second. Tho former liavo their own cook and a private kitch en, where true culinary art prevails; tlio latter are denied this privilege, and com pelled to partake of food wretchedly cooked in tho public, kitchen. t Ho re commends that the married officers should reside near tho Asylum and sloop there on alternate night. If the centre building was thus vacated, much room might bo gained for parlors, reading and sowing rooms and schools. There should bo two rooms, and a good medi cal library. VENTILATION, CLEANLINESS, PROVISIONS AND COOKING. In all portions of the Asylum occu pied by pationts the air was foulid charged with foul odors. Tlio drains and sowers woro untrappod and columns of air, loaded with fotid exhalations, wore, constantly ascending through them into the wards. lie, regards tlio wards ill this condition as uninhabitable. Tlio Asy lum contains many filthy patients, whoso habits tend to increase tho evil. As siduous efforts on tho part of the atten dants would restore many of tho patients to habits of doconey, and an efficient laundry would greatly remedy what could not thus be prevented. Not only was tho air of tho wards in this disgusting state, but tlio floors, walls, window's anil ceilings woro out of repair and dirty. The rooms and walls woro infested with groat numbers of vermin. Tho bedding in a largo number of rooms was dirty, and also tlio apparel and persons of tlio pationts. This is explained by tlio con dition of tho laundry, an establishment greatly out of repair and in a state of decay'. The value of provisions con sumed in 1871 was about $31,000. More than one-sixth of this was issued to eight officers and two employees—tho remainder wont to patients and em ployees, four hundred and seventy-two in number. There is a sufficiency of animal, but a deficiency of vegetable food. Tho cooking department needs a complete reorganization. The moals are not only ill-cooked and insufficient, but they do not come often enough. Tho patients liavo but two meals Win ter and Bummer, Although scores of pationts have been rejected because there was no room, ho found twonty sovon rooms, which could have been given to pationts, occupied by laundresses, seamstresses, and used as clothes rooms. The Infirmary was found full of impure air and no placo for sick inmates. RELIGION, FUNERALS AND BURIALS, There woro no religions services on tlio Sabbath, and tho day seemed utter ly' unmarked, as far as the patients were concerned. The chaplain stated that he desired earnestly to liavo services on Sunday either in tlio morning or even ing, and had so notified tho authorities, but nothing had boon done. The dead woro buried without religions rites. - Tlio feeling of the people is so decided ly in favor of religions funeral services, naively adds Hr. Camming, that the Leg islature should require tlioir performance. Tlio dead are lmricd in tho woods, with no fence to enclose tlio ground, with no head stone or other mark liy which the grave might lm recognized. The older graves are covered with pine straw and arc no longer discoverable. More than this is demanded by an enlightened public opinion. More respect should lie paid to tho remains of our brethren, oven though they bo insane and poor. SUMMARY. Dr. Gumming thus concludes ; “We have commended nothing, for tho very simplo reason that we saw nothing to commend. With the single exception of the preparation of a lawn and shrub bery in front of tho Asylum, there was nothing to approve. The general con dition of the grounds, the air of tho wards, tho filth, the vermin, the state of clothing and bedding, tho medical at tendance, tho food, the cooking, tho Sabbath arrangements and the burials all havo been and must he condemned. Wo can say poshing about the Asylum but that in the past it has boon a failure, and now needs thorough reorganization. Tim trustees. Ho says; “Tho Trustees must hear the blame for these abuses, as they have had entire control over the institution and its officials.” Tho roport lias caused quite a sensa tion. It was referred at once to a com mittee, after being distributed, and a report is to be made by tho committee. liionvQNP. One Thousand Dollars Damages for Putting Up the Wrong Medicine. An interesting ease, on trial in the Jefferson Court of Common Pleas, is decided by a suit brought to recover damages from a druggist who, in compounding a pre scription, put up tho wrong drug. Tho decision establishes tho fact that drug gists are responsible for tho mistakes of incompetent clerks. Iho facts in tho case aro as follows ; One year ago Mr. John 8. Kline, of this oity, was seriously afflicted with hemorrhoid, commonly called pilos. Dr. Galt, his physician, prescribed an ointment composed prin cipally of stramonium, a narcotic that would have had the effect of soothing the irritated parts and to allay the pain. 1 The prescription was taken to tho drug store of 8. F. Dawes, and the clerk, Wm. Boss, made tho ointment of cantharidos, an active irritant, instead of stramo nium. The ointment was applied as directed, and the scene that followed may bo hotter imagined than described. Mr. Kline suffered untold anguish, and os soon as he was able to get about brought suit for damages, and the jury assessed the damages at SI,OOO. — Louis ville Ledger.. New York, July 19. —Tammany rati fies Greeley and Brown. GEN. TOOMBS ON EX-GOV. SHOWN History of tlio Mitoheß-Helrs Case. The following is an extract from the reply of General Toombs to the card of ox-Gov. Brown, tracing the history of tho famous Mitehell-hoirs ease, as follows: In 1812, Charles Mitchell, with the view to secure the location of tlio depot of the road on his land, donated, in fee simple, by deed of warranty, live acres of land to the State for “placing thereon the necessary buildings, which may here after bo required for public purposes, at tho terminus of said road.” The State entered, occupied, and held undisturbed possession of this property for nearly a quarter of a century. In 1867, Brown & Hope brought suit, for tho heirs of Mitchell for tlio park portion of tho property. No action was ever had on this suit; but in 1868 tho caso was carried boforo tho Legislature and tlio claim rejected. It there slept until Bullock got another reconstruction act through Congress, and ho and Gen. Terry had, by fraud and force, ejected a largo number of the true representatives of the people, and replaced them with a sufficient number of In i own pliant and corrupt tools to render powerless the honest men whom ho could get no pre text for ejecting. Tho State being thus prostrate at. tho foot of the usurpers and plunderers, Bul lock, tlioir chief, with, a corrupt Judi ciary of his own appointment, with a venal Legislature, sounded bis bugle and called his clans to the sacking of the Commonwealth. Loch rano was among tho very first to obey tho call. In July, 1870, lie put in tho rejected claim of tho heirs of Mitch ell, in a proposition to Bullock, to givo him tho whole of the property in dispute in the suits, except a strip of land two hundred and forty foot wide, between Loyd and Fryer streets, whore tho depot then and now stands, for thirty five thousand dollars. This property was estimated thou to bo wort)\, between three hundred thousand and four hun dred thousand dollars, by some of tho best citizens in Atlanta. Tlio proposition was referred by Bullock to tho counsel ho had employed to dofond tho State’s interests. Mr. William Dougherty, Judge Collier, Mr. Hoyt, Judge Hop kins and Mr. Nunually, of tho counsel, mot, consulted, and, except Nunnally, unanimously decided that the title of tho Stato was clear and •unquestionable, and directed ono of tlioir number so to re port to tho Governor. Judge Hopkins differs with Messrs. Dougherty, Collier and Hoyt as to tho other facts, but agrees that tho title of the State was clear. Bullock sent in Loclirano’s proposi tion, with a false statement., as was his habit, of a material fact in tho case. This message was received on tho 13th of October, 1870, referred to a select committee of both houses tho same day, ami on tlio next, day was reported back with a recommendation that Loch roue’s proposition bo accepted. The counsel for the Stato had no notice of the moot ing of the committee, and were not present, except Nunnally, who favored Lochrano’s proposition, and Judge Hop kins, who suggested to Bullock a com promise, “ou such terms as the relative vantage ground of the two parties will justify.” Loclirano represented tho Mitchell heirs. This report was made the special or der of tho day for the 17tli of October. It was taken up on that day. Mr. Cand ler, oil tho Mi 11, having moved to request tho Governor to send in tho opinions of the counsel for tho State, his resolution, on motion of Mr. Speer, was laid on tho table. On the 17th, Mr. Candler moved a substitute, reciting tho offer of General Austell and others to bid ono hundred thousand dollars for a quit claim title to tho park, and providing for its ac ceptance, and putting tho properly up at auction with that upset bid. Mr. Bradley offered as a substitute to tho whole a resolution to givo tho lioirs of Mitchell the right to sue in tho Courts of tho Stato for tho property, which substitute was rejected, and tho sub stitute of Mr. Chandler was also re jected by ono vote, and tho report was thou adopted by 22 to 11 votes. Tho Chairman of tho House Commit tee, on tho 14th October, made tho same joint report to tho House. It was taken u)) on tho 20t.1i, and Mr. Hall lßoved the adoption of tho Senate’s report as a sub stitute for his own. Mr. Scott then submitted tho offer of General Austell and twelvo other citi zens of Atlanta, to pay one hundred thousand dollars for tho State’s quitclaim deed to the property within ninety days after date ; and offered a resolution pro viding for commissioners to put up tho property at public auction; and provid ing further, that, if tlio commissioners failed to get a bid of ono hundred thou sand dollars for a quit-claim title to the property, the Governor should be au thorized to accept tho proposition of tho Mitchell heirs for thirty-live thousand dollars. This proposition was rejected by a veto of 49 to 73, and tho Somite’s substitute was adopted. Such iH tho record upon which I formed tho opinion that tlio action was tlio result of bribery, pure and simple. I did not suppose that oven all who voted for tho bill were corrupted. Some men were, doubtless, misled. Others, influenced by other than corrupt mo tives; but it is clear that tho managers of tho sclioino of plunder profited by tlioir betrayal of tlioir public trust. Tho record is complotc. Tho State title was settled by tho judgment of tho Supremo Court; was clear and indispu table, in tho opinion of four of tho load ing counsel of tho Stato. Their opinions were suppressed by a direct vote of tho Senate, The friends of tho bill refused to permit tho claims to go boforo the Courts for trial, though counsel foes to the amount of fifteen thousand dollars were paid to defend the titles. Thirty-five thousand dollars was accepted from the Mitchell heirs for a property in lion of one hundred thou sand dollars offered by others, without tlio pretense of a reason therefor being found ou tho record—except Jackson’s letter to Bullook —which property, with in a few days after tlio consummation of this wickedness, witli all tho (doml of this corruption hanging oyer it, brought at public outcry over two hundred thou sand dollars. Governor Brown does not deny that ho aided in lobbying this measure through tho Legislature, He was pres ent in tho Honate when the hill was bo foro it, as was also Lochrano, Kimball and Blodgett; and he was justly relinked on the floor of the Senate by Mr. Gau dier for his conduct in this matter. Lobbying is a crime—a misdemeanor at. common law ; a crime intensified by his high judicial position. But tnoro is yet a still graver charge than lobbying against the ox-Ghief Jus tice. Before these scenes ooourrod, the case of Thornton and others . vs. Tram mell and others, came before the Su premo Court. It was a case really against the Western and Atlantic liitii roftd, for tho Dalton Depot, and involv ing the same principles. The counsel for the road objected to Brown’s sitting in that case, on tho ground that lie was employed in the Mitchell heirs ease, which was undecided. See 39th Geor gia, 208. Brown stated “that in that case, tho language of the deed is differ ent, and l have fumed over the. case, with the. obligation of the fee to tho other counsel." Under those circum stances, ho was ndjmlged by tho other Judges competent to sit on tho case. lie did sit, dissented from the Court, lint gave no opinion. Ho weakened tho opinion all ho could by his dissent, Init. gave no opinion himself. Was that statement of Brown true 1 I f so, ho either had no claims on the Mitchell heirs or foes, or ho afterwards contracted for and accepted foes while on tho Bench. If not true, he sat in a ease in tho decision of which ho was interested, and decided in his own favor. It is a high orin\o in tho highest judi cial officer of the State to bring his in fluence to boar in any way to control tho action of the Legislature. His very position may control those who have suits before him. Tho ordinary criminal may lie in his hands. He may have jlower to save from just punish ment. for his crimea evey tire victim of his own perfidious debauchery. 11. Toombs. To the Public. Atlanta, Ga., July 17, 1872. Editors Constitution : As General Toombs lias thought prop er to appear again in print Ireforo tho public, while a personal issue was pend ing between him and mo, 1 have a very simplo reply for him. In his card, date and the ID/, instant, and published on tho 16/A, he refers to me as resorting to the usual dodgo of a vulgar poltroon. This man, having been branded by mo as an unscrupulous liar, fancied, per haps, that ho had sufficient courage to defend his personal honor, or, perhaps, ho thought ho could safoly play tho rolo of a bully. Accepting, therefore, the position of tho injured party, and feel ing no little concern about my church relations, he sent a friend to mo to in quire if I held myself amenable to the codo of honor. I replied as follows Col. J. 0. Nichols entered n\V office, on the morning of tho 9th instant, and said, “I desiro to soe yon a moment privately,” when tho following conversa tion occurred : Nicholls—“l have como in behalf of Gen. Toombs to make an inquiry of yon.” Brown—“ Well, sir, I will hoar you.” Nicholls —“On account of your oliuroh relations, Gen. Toombs doeH not know whether you hold yourself nmeua bio to the code, and while I admit this is an irregular proceeding in behalf of Gen. Toombs, I make tho inquiry.” Brown—“lt seems tome this course is extraordinary. Gen. Toombs lms no thing to do with my church relations. If he desires to send me a communica tion, f am ready to receive it at any me meat. 1 have coufn'ivd with a friend who does not reside in Atlanta, but, I will telegraph him at once ami respond to a communication if made, after refer ing it to him, without unreasonable dr lay. Are you Gen. Toombs’ friend in this matter ?” Nieholls—“ lam not in that sense. I expect to have nothing whatever to do with the - matter. I only como to make this inquiry, at Gen. Toombs’ sugges tion. He may desire a little time, as he will have to get a friend who resides out of the State, for he does not wish to complicate his friends in tho State.” Brown—“ I shall not trouble persons out of tho State. 1 liavo a friend in tho Stato who will servo nio.” Nieholls —“ I would liko to know whether you hold yourself bound by tho code?” Brown “Say to General Toombs dis tinctly that r am ready to receive any communication that ho desires to semi, and if 1 don’t respond properly, ho knows his remedy.” Nieholls—“ What I have done in this instance is simply an act of friendship to Gen. Toombs, because he requested it. 1 expect to take no part in any unpleas ant affair between you and him." Brown—“ Say to Gen. Toombs 1 hold myself ready to give him any satisfac tion which I may bo duo iiim, or to which ho is entitled as a gentleman.” This language is in General Toombs’ possession in writing, over my own sig nature. To be certain that ho received it as uttered, it was sent to him, on the 10th, after ho left Atlanta, by the first express to his homo at Washington. This codo-of-honor gentleman loft At lanta on tho day after this language was uttered. Ho responds in tho newsjm pers. I leave tho public to judge who is the poltroon, and whether General Toombs preferred neirspaper artillery to heavier metal. Johkimi H. Brown. Col. John C. Nieholls’ Version of the Convorvatlon Between Him and Gov. Brown, on (ho Utli Inst., When Sent to Him by (Jen. Toombs. Atlanya, July 18, 1872. (ten. Hubert Toombs, Atlanta, (la. : Duar General -A card is published this morning in the Sun and the Consti tntion, over tho signature of Joseph K. Brown, which purports to givo the ver biage of a conversation had with mo on tlio 9th inst.. This statement of tho conversation is substantially untrue. Gov. Brown states that ho was ad vised to see mo, "and have mo to agree ill writing to what, occurred." He failed to follow the advice. Be has not, ap proached me on the subject. As Gov. Brown lms seen fit, to pursue this extraordinary course, I feel that it is due to you and to myself that, you publish my statement of tho conversa tion. Sincerely, your friend, Jno. C. Nii'HOl.lm. A STATEMENT OF Till,l MATERIAL FACTS OF A CONVERSATION HAD WITH JOSEFU C. 11UOWN, ON THE fir'll INST. I. said : “ I call on yon in behalf of General Toombs, to ascertain if you arc responsible in the way usual among gen tinmen for tho language contained in your card of u recent date?” Ho replied, “ I am responsible for my language." 1 then said, "General Toombs desires to know if you will givo him satisfaction under the coda. If ho should add it sh a note to you, demanding a meeting, will you moot him in tho usual way?” 1 explained that, whilst the inquiry was perhaps made in an infovnial maii nor, yot it was thought, to bo warranted by Ins well-known position in tlioohuveh. To this he bowed assent ami answered : “If General Toombs addresses me a note, l will consult with a friend, and thou reply to it. 1. will answer your in quiry when ho submits it in writing.”' Ho declined to answer tlio question more directly. In my opinion, from tho language and manner of Governor Brown, he will de cline to ausworthe inquiry in the affirma tive, if submitted by yon in writing. I am impressed with the conviction tin .I, it is his purpose to use a formal call, to your injury, under the Constitution of this State. | Signed] ,Tno. 0. Nioiiolib. To Gen. Itobt. Toombs. COTTON AND ITS FOE. The Caterpillar Hepnrls lroin Houtli Carolina, Alabama, Florida, Texas and the Far West. The flourishing prospect for cotton a fortnight has been sadly changed in many portions of the South by tho sud den appearance and rapid spread of tlio caterpillar, l’riviito advices continue to report the presence of tho worm in greater or less numbers generally along the Carolina coast. THE WORM IN TEXAS. ! A special telegram t,o the Charleston News, under date of Galveston, .Inly 13, says ; We have positive information that tl»e> caterpillars arc eating tho nothin in Sabine and Liberty counties. Wo hear reports of tho worm at many other points, but have not, as yot, boon able, to get tlio information direct. It is. feared that the rains now falling daily will develop the caterpillar rapidly. THE WORM IN FLORIDA. A planter writing from Lake Oifcy, Florida, on July 11th, says : The grass caterpillar is all over the country, and from Kllisvillo neigh borhood tells me they have ruined seven or eight acres of short cotton for and tolls me this morning they are taking his short, cotton. They do not trouble the long cotton as yot, but cat tho grass and then take to tho short cotton, as it is young and tender. THE WORM IN ALABAMA. Under tho head of “Spreading,” the Eufuula (Ala.) Times, of the 9th instant, says : I teem it advices from Jackson county, Florida, and from the lower part, of Henry county, Alabama, establish the fact that the cotton caterpillar is to lie soon on most of tho plantations on tho river in increased and rapidly increas ing numbers. They are to be found in the web, arul from that to full grown, with all tho immediate ages. They do, not confine themselves to the Alainnmi and Florida side of the river, but crops ou the Georgia shore are equally rav aged. Near anil below Gordon, in Ibis State, Home of the fields are reported riddled already. Avery short while since—scarcely longer than a few days the prospect was never more flattering. Now from all rich lands, where the growth is rapid and the weed large and tender, we have accounts of this fearful Might. Tho Montgomery (Ala.) Advertiser, of Saturday, says : Tho rain which commenced to fall day before yesterday, and which continued without, interruption until twelve o'clock last night, culminated just before the latter hour in a perfect little deluge. Such a season of unremitting rain has not been known in Alabama for many long years. We cannot see much hope for the cotton crop unless a speedy change occurs for tho better. Fatal Accident.—A severe and fatal accident, the result of gross careless ness, occurred yesterday on the line of the Savannah, Griffin and North Ala liania Railroad, at a place culled Whites liurg, about twelve miles from Newnaii, by which one man lost his life And two others were injured. U seems George Persons, Albert McCoy and John An derson were a “gang” engaged in blast ing. The two former are colored. The latter white, a Swede he having charge'. A fuse hud lieeu put ill that would not go off, and the men were engaged in drilling it out, when the water becalm exhausted, and without stopping to jiro ctiro more the work was continued, an explosion naturally followed, which killed George Persona, broke Ander son's thigh, and injured McGoy. Per sons resided in Macon, and liis body was brought here yesterday for burial. Macon Telegraph, IVh. The Jubilee a Financial Failure. The statement is made by authority that the Boston Jubilee closes with financial loss, tlio expenses having oxcoeded the receipts at least $150,000. This news will boa surprise to tho public in general, as it lias been understood that tho reduction in expo uses since the first week has been such as to enable tho managers to float their big enterprise. The subscribers to tiro guarantee fund, among lyUoni the Boston and Albany Kail road fignresjto the extent of $lO,OOll, will bo called upon to make up tho deficit, although tlio managers hope to reduce it somewhat by future entertain ments and the sale of the coliseum and its fixtures. Gilmore gets nothing for all his toil and trouble, having given the i amount of Ids lionefit to the guarantee I fund, and Bostonians are talking of raising a “substantial testimonial” for him. | False Report. —Tho Cincinnati En quirer says that tho telegraphic report that the Commercial of that c’.'ty had deserted Grooloy after his nomination at Baltimore, is an “ amlacio.m lie.” Tho Commercial is still batbfing f„r Greeley and Brown,
