Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1866-1877, June 04, 1873, Image 2

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Weekly chronicle & sentinel., June 04, 1873, Image 2

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Newspaper Page TextCfjrontite anb gentinel i WEDNESDAY JUNE 4, 1873. A THK BOSTON FIRE. Arwicc witlifc the past eight months |HL the city pf Boston been devastated Just as the t city begins to re |JHLfr<)m the-effects of the eonflagra- BHA hist Autmnn another fire comes MB'. ,V th" results , ,f months of labor. disasti* of yesterday-was, of D:. not'pf such magnitude as the the damage inflicted was im and the losssUbUined enormous— BEtronnting to many millions- of dollars. FTwo sgcli calamities would seem suffi c*eht to permanently paralyze the busi ness and destroy the prosperity of most 1 cities, Vuit will hardly seriously affect ‘the progress and advancement of the r - metropolis. Her people are hard-working, energetic and intelli gent,*ai*l Will soon build up her waste pTaCes and* deStore her former glories. In the of restoration they will have thp good of the South for suc cess. .When Charleston was burned Boston fired salutes of cannon over the joyful tidings; when Boston isjaid in ns lies we send her people sympathy for their misfortune. “ NEMESIS." In the Summer of 1871 the Chronicle & Sentinel published a series of “pen photographs of an extraordinary- Bul lock,” written over the signature of “Ne mesis.” The severity of the letters, the biting sarcasm, the fearful invec tive, the merciless satire which they con tained,caused them to create a profound sensation, and to be read, commented upon and republished throughout the entire country. Many pronounced them only second to the Letters of “Junius,” and every effort was made to discover the author of these powerful pbillipics. But id vain ; the writer preserved his • incognito as carefully and as successful ly as the great satirist with whom he was so often compared. Conjecture, baffled, ran wild, and nearly every great name in the country was charged with being concealed under that of “Nemesis.” How, two years after these articles appeared, we are permitted to name the real au thor—Hon. T. M. Norwood, of Savan nah, United States Senator from Georgia. A few days ago Mr. Norwood was an nounced as “Nemesis in the Goiumbus jSun, and its Atlanta namesake, but, through an oversight in this office, we were not aware that the author wished his identity revealed, and lienee called upon those papers to give the authority for their statement. GENERAL DAVIH* INDIAN POLICY. The telegraph brings the extraordi nary intelligence that the commander of the foices operating against the Modocs, in order to effect the capture of Captain Jack, has started out in pursuit of him some of the warriors who surrendered a few days ago. Bogus Charley,• Shack Nasty Jim, Hooker Jim and Steamboat frank have made General Davis believe that they are willing and able to do what he requires, and have gone out in search of their leader. Whether these four In dians aro real or pretended traitors— whether they honestly intend to assist the troops, or have only adopted a cun ning ruso to escape from custody— whether they contemplate treachery to Captain Jack or General Davis—there seems to bo no excuso for their employ ment upon such service. Thief takersand detectives someti mes adopt a similar plan for the capture or conviction of criminals, but it is the first time, we believe, in the history of civilized warfare that a Gen eral of an army has encouraged treach ery and perfidy in so open and shameless a manner. The four Indians whom lie has employed are under indictment now in Oregon for the murder of settlers, and General Davis proposes To them that they shall save their own lives by bring ing the neck of Captain Jack in thy halter. The Indians cannot be blamed for accepting but what shall be said of the soldier who makes such a proposi tion ? What, with scnlping the heads and mutilating the bodies of tlieir ene mies, capturing their wives and their children, using more than Indian cun ning and worse than savago perfidy— the soldiers of the United States are rapidly sinking below the level of the barbarous tribes with which they are at war. A GOOD CRITERION. The Cincinnati Enquirer says with much point and force •, “The character of Grant is better shown in his appoint ments to office than in almost anything else. We see in them his utter and shameless disregard for even an uani mous public opinion. We see his sel fishness, his ignorance and his incapacity. Thus, for instance 1 , one Wm. 11. Clark was elected to Congress from the State of Texas, in 1868, by 8,000 majority. In 1871 he was beaten by 4,000 votes. Bnt the Governor, Davis, through his in fluence, laid the impudence to give him his certificate of election. The matter was brought before the House, and strongly partisan ns it was, Clark being a Republican and liis competitor a Democrat, only one vote was given for liis retention in his seat. His compe titor, with that exception, was unani mously admitted, so plain was the case. Thus disgraced and humiliated, Clark returned home and was almost imme diately appointed by Grant postmaster of the city of Galveston, a position worthy of being filled by a trusty and honorable man. His Custom House Collector, Patten, at Galveston, filled the elevated place of a Confederate teamster during the war, and, it is supposed, emigrated from New York during the interval of darkness between two days. He is a miserable carpet-bagger, desti tute of either duty or integrity. Os this sort of metal does'the President fill his highest offices in the Soutln Is it any wonder that defalcation and corruption are the order of the day ?” ATLANTA ANI) THK CAPITAL. I • - After a prolonged siletlce the Atlanta Sun answers an article published in the Chronicle and Sentinel, of the 13th in stant, which proved the incorrectness of a statement made by the Sun as to the con duct of Atlanta on the Capital question. The Sun boastingly asserted that Atlanta was not responsible for the removal of the Capital, as she had repudiated at the ballot box the Constitution which provided for the removal of the seat of government froyn Milledgeville to that city. We proved by the official report of the vote that Atlanta, instead of repudiating, endowed the Radical Constitution, with its capital clause. We proved that she did even worse than this that she proved her Democratic strength by giving a majority to Gor dou, and then showed that she was not proof against the bait offered by giving a majority in favor of the Constitution. Our article was copied by the Milledge ville Union and Recorder, which also gave some sharp comments upon the conduct of the rival city. The Sun, af ter mature deliberation, has decided to acknowledge the correctness of our figures, but seeks comfort in the ma jorities which Richmond, Chatham, Bibb, Muscogee and Baldwin counties gave to both Bullock and the Constitu tion. Our contemporary is welcome to all the comfort which it can obtain from this source. Butin its exultation over its discovery, one important fact is lost sight of or ignored. In every county which it names the registration lists showed the blacks to have a large nu merical superiority, Consequently, in a bayonet election, the returns of which passed through the hands of a Radical partisan, it is not strange that this su periority of numbers made itself felt. But with Fulton, the case was widely different. That county had a clear white majority of nearly six hundred votes, yet it did not remain true when its iu terest was at stake, but went for U.' e | Constitution and the Capital. So much , for the Sun'll comparative statement of the votes cast in 1868. The Sun does not believe that any At lanta paper ever stated that Atlanta opposed the removal of the Capital, with the exception of itself, and thinks that the article above alluded to is the only one on the subject which has appeared. As we preserve no files of the Atlanta dailies, we cannot produce any positive proof with which to convince our con temporary of its mistake, but we are confident that the Atlanta papers have repeatedly asserted that their city gave a majority against the Constitution. In relation to the question itself, we frankly and unhesitatingly say that we da not believe the Capital should have been removed from MilledgeviUe, and that the sooner it is carried back to its former location the better it will be for the State and its people. We believe, too, that these are the sentiments of a large majority of the people of Georgia, and that if the question should be sub mitted to a vote, they would make their wishes known in a manner which eonld not be misunderstood. CONDITION OF COTTON CLAIMS. The following is the true status of cotton matters in the Treasury, and is drawn from official sources; The United States during the war seized cotton to the amount of 166,000 bales, and re leased 10,000 bales. The total amount sold was 156,000 bales, the gross pro- j ceeds of which were $-13,000,000. The ■ amount released by the Secretary of the j Treasury from this sum was $6,000,000. The expenses incurred by Government officers in shipping the cotton from the South was $'1,000,000. The miscella neous expenses, being money paid law yers and informers in order to defeat claimants, was $2,000,000, all of which was paid out of the proceeds of this property, which in large part was stolen. The net proceeds are, therefore, $26,- 000,000 Suit has been brought in the Court of Claims for 92,000 bales, ,of' which there has been rejected or dis missed 25,000 bales, leaving 67,000 bales; and this, deducted from the 156,000 bales above stated, leaves unclaimed at this time 89,000. Judgments have been rendered in the Court of Claims in the last eight yews for $5,000,000, leaving a balance still in Ifjfi Treasury of $21,- 000,000, of Which the great bfflk is said to have been taken after the war ended. The expenses of slapping tfce cotton, paid out of the proceeds of the sale, were over 20 per cent., and ought not to have been over three-quarters of a mil lion dollars instead of six millions. — The cotton was so hi at less than two thirds of its true value. The Court of Claims have established a rule to return at the rate of only $1 76 currency for upland cotton, and $2 31 currency for sea bsland cotton. Under the law passed about a year ago, the Department has so far paid ouiy one «»all claim of $3,500 due to a loyal soul wk'l Jives in the State of Massachusetts, TIIE GOVERNMENT AND INTER NAL IMPROVEMENTS. Some of the Northern journal? profess to find in the Convention which recently assembled in Atlanta another step in a movement which has lately com maimed, and which has for its object the forma tion of anew political party. They seem to think that the minority report presented in that Convention fore shadows anew and powerful political organization, whose platform will bp the control of railways, canals and other works of internal improvement by the General Government —whose policy will be to aid liberally in the construction of all public works, and to place those works under the control .of Congress anil the Executive. OueNew Yortuia.ily — the Graphic— imagines that this is to be tlie only issue of the future —that Democrats, Radicals and Liber als, Free Trailers and Protectionists, Stab's Ilights men and Centralist*, will abandon tlieir Hostility to, anil warfare with each other, anil range themselves, regardless of past party affiliations, upon one side or the other of IJje new ques tion which is to convulse the aowntry. We can discover no such purpose as our contemporaries allude to in the assem blage of the Atlanta Convention. We have no reason for believing that Gov. Smith who planned, and the other dis tinguished men who assisted in getting up the Convention, bail any other ob ject in view than'that which they pub licly and repeatedly announced—viz.: to devise some plan by which cheap wa ter communication betwee# the South and West could bo obtained. We have no idea that anew party anil ft different political policy was dreamed of by Gov. Smith and his co laborers, nor do we believe that any sneli result as that predicted by the Graphic ct a', is likely to flow from its delibera tions. It is true that a report which seemed to embody the policy of govern mental control was made to the dele gates, but it is also true that the views advanced met with no fayor in the Con vention and the report was voted down promptly and overwhelmingly. We do not think that a party whioh announced itself in favor of such a policy would have the remotest prospects of successor would live for a week. Notwithstand ing the alarming strides towards con solidation which have been made in the past few years, the American people are not yet preparsd to give such a dangerous power to the National Government. But if such a movement should be serionsly planned there would be no such. dissolution of present political parties as our contem poraries seem to imagine'. The Radicals would be found its friends, and the Democrats and Liberals its foes. For years the Republican party lias preached and practiced the doctrines of central ism, while the Democracy have main tained, as best they could, the right of local self-government. Our leaders have attempted to preserve inviolafe the rights of each State in the Union, and to give to each authority to regulate its own local affairs, while the Republicans, under pretext of punishing treason and preserving the Union, have aimed blow after blow at States’ Rights, and taken step after step in the direction of cen tralism and of empire. TUB USURY LAWS IN NEW YORK AND PENNSYLVANIA. The business men of New York city, and of other cities in that State, made a determined but unsuccessful effort to have the usury laws repealed. The con test in the Legislature was protracted and acrimonious and the bill was finally defeated by a small majority. The idea of encumbering the statutes with a law—the letter and spirit of which are violated every day in Wall street—is one of the absurdest shams of our age. The legal rate of interest in Pennsyl vania is six per cent. It was reduced from eight to six iu 1723, at whieh it has remained ever since. There is a proposition now to rase the rate to seven, and to authorize a higher rate for special contracts, but in two tests votes, which have already taken place in the Con stitutional Convention of Pennsylvania, the effort has been defeated. The move in that State is bnt' following the ex ample set by the State of Georgia, whieh virtually repealed the usury laws at the last session of the Legislature. Ohio, California, Massachusetts, Mich igan, Minnesota, Missouri, and other States, legalize rates of interest from eight to ten per cent. , when no snm is specially agreed upon ; but any higher rates can be charged when specially con tracted. As well may States and com munities attempt to fix the minimum and maximum prices for the food that we eat or the clothes we wear as to en force a legal rate of interest for money. There is no difficulty in a State Legisla ture passing a law specifying that money shall not be loaned out for more than a fixed and certain rate of interest, but the enforcement of such a law is impos sible. Money, like everything else, is i worth what it will bring oh the market,and • regulated by the supply and demand, " like the price of cotton, sugar, corn, , ran -pther marketable product. The State of aeted wisely iu repeal ing the usury laws, which are but a relic of g an age the Epuit ° f wbicb 18 BP \ m keeping with the progressive require ments of the present. It is now lawful in this State to charge whatever the bor rower is willing to pay, if so expressed in writing, bnt where there is no inter est specified, the rate shall be seven per cent, per annum. THE COMING COTTON CROP. Yesterday morning we republished from the New York Daily Bulletin re ports of the condition and prospects of the growing cotton crop. From these re ports the Bulletin makes the following summary : As to the increase or decrease of acre age planted in cotton, in each State, this year, as compared with last, we ob tain the following result ; North Carolina, increase, s<gjlo per cent., say averaging, 7* per cent. South Carolina, increase, 10 per cent. Tennessee, increase, 5@20 per cent., say averaging, 12j pen coni, Georgia, increase, s@lo per cent., sav averaging, 7] per cent. Alabama, about, increase, 2j per cent, Mississippi, increase, 10 per cent. Louisiana, np change. Texas, increase, $5 pc? font. From every State, except Louisiana, an increase of acreage is reported. In the case of each State, we have given the highest and lowest per aentogff) re ported to ns; and applying these rotips to the acreage of last year, we have the following as the comparative acreage of the two crops; the figures for last year being base'd on the returns of the Bureau of Agriculture, which have been gen erally accepted as closely approximating accuracy ■; F*r cbM. Acretga, Acreage, JijGjejise ißcre»ee. IST?. 1«S. North Carolina 1% 462,640 33,738 South Carolina 10 870,653 617,718 87,065 Tennessee...., 12% 518,607 583,133 64,825 Georgia Alabama 2% 1,387,974 1,422,673 34,699 Mississippi 10 1,537,618 1,691,370 153,761 Louisiana Same 940,219 940,219 Texas 15 914,271 1,051,411 137,140 Totftl, 8 States 7,631,797 8,211,472 579,675 'fbw, tj;? eight States enumerated, we have, to tjjp gbpve per centages of increase, 8,211,478 acres planted; against 7,631,797 acres last year; showing an average increase, for the whole, of 7i per cent., or about 580,000 acres. For Arkansas, Florida and other iqiftpf States, we have no returns, but assqiflinp tiff) average increase to apply to those States, we should have the following result ; Acreage. Acreage. 1872 1873 Above eight States 7,631,797 8,211,472 Arkansas 693,514 745.528 Florida 158.100 169.958 Other States 173,093 186,075 Total $,518,083 upon this basis Os estimate, the in crease of acreage plafftplj 10 tl? e whole cotton region would be 656,529 aorta. Our inquiries as to the use of ferti lizers this year, compared with last, £li/»it the following result; In Ijlofth Gfffpjjna, 15 per cent, in crease. In South Carolina, 26 to I9W per cent, increase. In Tennessee, about as last year. In Georgia, 40 to 200 per cent, in crease. In Alabama, moderate increase. In Louisiana, about as last year. In Texas, scarcely at all used. Evidently, therefore, there has been an increased application of fertilizers, which is important, not only as calcu lated to give an enlarged yield, but also, pther things being equal, to force the crop to an earlier maturity, and, there fore, to secure » more favorable picking season. Our next question—as to the condition of land and weather in each State at the time of planting—brings out the follow ing statements; in Horth Carolina, land in flue condi tion. In South Carolina, about &§ last year. In Tennessee, land better, weath. er cold. Jn Georgia, generally much better than in 72- i In Alabama, pnej-aßy more favorable, but exceptions. In Mississippi, more favoratola. In Louisiana, land more favorable, but weather unfavorable for the early plant *lu Texas, land and weather less favor able. The reports as to the awppiy fff labor are generally satisfactory. In no in stance is there a complaint. From some States we have reports of a migration of the colored population to other States ; but where this loss has occurred It has probably arisen from a superabundance in those localities, and the remaining supply is found to be sufficient. In &Ofl?0 instances, we find better results from th# same hands, owing to more harmonious relations having been estab- lished between the planting Sfl.4 labor ing classes. Our reports also pretty generally indicate that the negroes are being less diverted from work * lian formerly by their devotion to politics. Our inquires as to the probable extent of the new crop were not expected to elicit any really reliable opinion on that point; for, with the many uncertain conditions that have yet to be developed, that would be an impossibility; the answers on this head, however, have a certain value; inasmuch as they indicate the sort of impression produced at the South by what has so far become ap parent affecting the prospect. Very naturally, the replies to this question are vague, and many correspondents de cline to venture what they term “gues ses.” From South Carolina and Louisi ana we have no estimates; a Galveston , correspondent thinks the crop of Texas will fall below that of last year ; North Caroliua expects to show an increase of 10 per cent.; and estimates from Geor gia, Alabama and Mississippi range be tween 4,500,000 and 5,000,000 bales for the United States. These figures, how ever, it is to be remembered, are of little value except so far as they illus trate the importance attached to the facts and indications which have thus far appeared ; subsequent developments may change the whole basis of the esti mates, except so far as respects acreage —the only unchangeable condition ascer tainable at this stage of the crop. THE VOLUNTEER STATE. Letter from Our Special Traveling Correspondent. Nashville, Tests., May 24, 1873. Editors Chronicle <fc Sentinel : I had purposed presenting you with pen-pictures of the more active and dis tinguished members of the late Govern ors’ Convention at Atlanta. Three things turned me from that purpose, viz : The paucity of Governors, the ab sence of business (first day) calculated to draw out the members, and the neces sity upon me to hasten to this place. THE CONVENTION, I gleaned from conversation with delegates from Tennessee, Kentuckv, etc., that there was a pretty strong feel ing among what proved to be the min oritv in favor of putting the projected canal, when completed, under Govern ment control. They did not profess to be political consolidationists, but ex pressed the belief, which seemed to have become a conviction, that thus controlled, the canal would be longer lived and more profitable. They argued that if owned and controlled by a com panv of citizens, the probabilities would be that railroad corporations, against whose interest the canal might operate, coaid, b v degrees, at least secure enough of the stock of the company to dictate the management, and, by this means, prevent the accomplishment of the ob jects had in view. The signs of the times are that the dav is not very far distant when the and con of Government control of all enterprises—canals, railways, telegraph lines, etc. —will constitute one of the issues of onr usually exciting political campaigns. THE FBCTTS OP THE CONVENTION. It is generally conceded that the Con vention eventuated in much good, in that it brought faoe to face sturdy sons from the South, West- and North, two davs’ commingling in committee, in the hall and at the hotels served to awaken the kindliest feelings, which, properly cherished, will yield peaceful fruits abundantly. THE errr of rocks Is not in statu quo, bat in a perfect fer ment. This is the third week which has witnessed crowds pouring into the eitv from almost every direction. The hotels are crowded, but the proprietors, like the omnibus men, cry out “There’s room for more.” The centre of attrac tion W THE GRAND EXPOSITION, Which opened the first week in this month. _ The building is very spacious, stands in the city proper, and is readilv accessible to pedestrians. The halls possibly larger than ours, are thrown to gether under one roof. Gas runs through buildings whose interior is handsomely, tasteful | v and most effectively deco rated. The articles on exhibition are of great variety, and have been distributed with admirable judgment. Attractive by day, they are ten fold more so under the gas light. The price of admission has been sen sibly fixed at twenty-five cents. The management find, in the great crowd of meD, women and children who wedge their way from one point to another, justification of their course in putting the price sa low. There are a great many novelties in each department, but none attract more attention than the relics which belonged to Gen. Andrew Jackson. I note a few of them: A piece of candle taken from the teat of Cornwallis at the time of his surren der; a gold medal presented to General J. just after the battle of Jjew Orleans; a gold watch and chain 'worn by the General from 1794 to 1834; a piece of Napoleon’s chamber-floor at Longwood, St. Helena; a small pitcher; seven hun dred and fifty staves, made of a piece of the elem tree under which Penn’s treaty of peace with the Indians wa.fl signed; a pijipp fit StOUP ti’Hiq Ihe tomb ot our Saviour; tlip cup and saucer used by General J.; commission as Major-Gen eral, dating from May Ist, 1814; the last pipe used by the General before his death; a Latin Bible, printed in 1595, a present from Samuel J. Carr, of S. C.; the office chair used for thirty years by General Washington; a plate, cup, and saucer, the personal property of General Washington; a bronze writing stand left as last used by General Jackson; a Bible and hymn book, with marked passages and hymns—among the former, the fql lowing: Let not vour peart Ua troubled; Ye heUevii in Gail, believe also in me. Scarcely a day glides by that one or more schools from neighboring towns and villages do qot visit the Exposition in a body. Writing from this place, nearly two years ago, I took occasion to speak of the large number of beautiful, intelli gent looking, stylish LADIES One posses in this city jn qq hour’s walk-’ Standing near tfie'casoado the other night, I was in position to see the average Tennessee lady, and I tell you she’s very pretty, indeed. If you had a bachelor editor on your paper, I would tell him how “perfectly splendid” the school misses appeared in their neat dresses, aud how absolutely indescriba ble were numbers, whose mu as captivating aa the' roseate morn is lovely. Is it not wonderful how charmed some persons are by ordinarily attractive ar ticles ? I saw a young man and a very bewitching young laily become enthused over a nice leoking rug, which was hanging in the hall at a pqjqy jew steps! re(govp(j Jrqm the wWks which swept to the right and left. Your cor respondent, anxious to see everything worth seeing, stepped up to inspect this “ Iqyp fit a rug,’’but momentarily turned away, leaving the young double—the gentleman, in softest tones, to dilate on the beauties of the rug, while the lady found expression for her views in alter nate glances from the face of the speaker to the object they both so much ad mired. Altogether, the Exposition is a marked success. It reflects great credit upon the directors anil people of Nashville. Next week is the fourth and last week of the exhibition this year. A larger at tendance is expected. There is no ac counting the dimensions to which this meritorious enfjerpijsy w*B attain next year. PERSONAL. Among other friends, I have had the pleasure of meeting here Dj\ Lee, foi years connected with the Southern Culti vator, and for some time on the editorial staff of the Field A- Fireside. The Doc tor is engaged on the Union & Ameri can,, looks as vigorous, is as entertain ing, and wields as facile a pen as ot yore, Long way he and 1; i a pqlaborers be spared to illustrate the power, the geniality and the generosity of the edi torial profession. I find that the Chronicle and Senti nel has many strong friends and earnest well-wishers among the brethren of the press. They hail you—young, sprightly, and euio*pri§ipS : they say good things of you and prophesy » career of useful ness and length of days for you. Permit me here to make acknowledg ment of repeated kindnesses shown me by Ass,- McKee and Captain Bell, of the UfßQri A 4'lWfllWh to Mr. Battle, the genial, ploying spirit gt jpe §t. Cloud, who, witji bqiicli'cds to provide for, managed to house me comfortably anil see that I lacked for nothing in the dining hall. As he did to me so to every one. Loiiaine. THE NEW LGTTQN CROP. Tlie Situation Canvassed—Acreage Placed Under Cotton in 1873—In creased IJse of Fertilizers—The Sup ply of C,Qttpn L/lbor—Southern Opin ion On the Extent fit the Crops of W 2 awl of 1873. [From the Nev Vwk Pu|y Bulletin.j With a view to ascertaining, as nearly as possible, the preparations made for the cotton crop of 1873, and other con dition# affecting the prospective supply of tliat stsple, we recently addressed a series of imWn.esdq about jf/0 Southern CL ptem merchants an,4 planters. of estab lished re Potation, as authorities Q»? the cotton trade; an,'! »0 now tyty™ our readers the result o, bese inquiries. The answers to our questions we7° main ly written during the last week of Aprx. or the first week of May, and represent those States from which opinions re specting the cotton crop have most weight. The following recapitulation of the contents of the schedule gives each of the questions propounded, and under it the scope of the answers from each State; from which our readers are left to draw their own conclusions : What is your estimate of the per cen tage of increase or decrease in the acre age planted in cotton, in your State, this year, as compared with last / Answers —From North Carolina; sto 10 per cent, increase. From South Carolina; fully 10 per cent, increase. From Teunessee; between 5 and 20 per cent, increase. From Georgia; sto 10 per cent. In crease. From Alabama; report from Selma says “same average as last year ; ” from Montgomery, “ a slight increase.” From Mississippi; all reports say 10 per cent, increase. From Louisiana; reports incomplete and cautious, bnt estimate same as last year. From Texas ; large immigration, and probably 15 per cent, increase. Wbat is your estimate of the per centuge of increase or decrease in the use of fertilizers, in your State, com pared with last year ? Answers—From North Carolina; about 15 per cent, increase. From South Carolina; estimates vary between 25 and 100 per cent, increase. From Tennessee; about same as last year. From Georgia; estimates range be tween 40 and 2(H) per cent, increase, ac cording to localities. From Alabama; moderate increase iu the use of “commercial ” fertilizers. From Mississippi; foreign fertilizers not much used, but a moderate increase on last year's consumption. From Louisiana; about the same as last year. From Texas; none used to speak of ; native soil deemed good enough. What was the condition of land and weather, at the time of planting, iuyour State, as compared with last year ? More favorable, or Lass ? Answers —From North Carolina; lands generally in splendid condition; subse quently oue frost, but cotton not much np at the time. From South Carolina ; weather droughty and cold, plant backward, and probability of a deficient stand if weath er does notimprove; onthewhole, about as last year. From Tennessee; condition of land better than last year, but weather cold. From Georgia > in some districts less favorable, but, taking tha State as a whole, condition and preparation of land much better, weather favorable and planting accomplished about three weeks earlier. From Alabama; a Selma report says, “Much less favorable, owing to heavy rains in January, February and March;” Montgomerv correspondent says : “Land generally well prepared, weather more favorable than last year. From Mississippi, land in splendid condition and more favorable than last year at time of planting ; but, subse quently, weather cold with frosts, plants backward, but fairly healthy. From Louisiana ; condition of land more favorable, but weather unpro pitious at time of early planting; cotton planted early impeded by cold weather and frosts, that planted later doing finelv. From Texas ; land and weather less favorable; cotton extensively injured by frosts, but replanted; weather cold and dry and season four to six weeks later. How does the supply of labor, in your State, compare with last year? Answers—From North Carolina; labor has migrated further South, but less is wanted, owing to the better condition of the land. From’ South Carolina; supply about the same as last year; but results better, owiug to capital aud labor working more in harmony. From Tennessee; supply about the same; to demand. From Georgia; in tome sections a scarcity owjjig to emigration to Mis sissippi and Aransas, but on the whole the supply is adequate, aud fully 10 per cent, more mules. From Alabama; in some counties a decrease, in others about the same as last year. From Mississippi; fully as abundant as last year and more effective. From Louisiana; supply adequate to the demand. From Texas; Galveston correspondent says ; “Supply compares very favor ably; freedmen taking less stock yearly in politics, losing sight of the 40 acres and mule; the loose hogs and cattle pretty well eaten up, and they rely more on muscle.” What is your estimate of the probable extent of the new crop, in bales, for your State, and also for the whole coun try? Answers—From North Carolina; prob able increase of 10 per cent, in the State. From South Carolina; all decline to estimate. From Tennessee; with a favorable sea son, yield may exoeed that of last year for the whule country. From Georgia; but one estimate ven tured, which statets: “With favorable seasons, no floods, drouth, worms, rust, <fec,, 5,000,000 bales may be reached in the United States this year.” From Alabama ; only an estimate from Montgomery, which says : “If the crop is uniformly good over the whole cotton growing country, weather favorable and no worms, a crop of 4,500,000 to 5,000,- 000 bales may be mads.” From Mississippi; one correspondent says: “The average being larger, w-itli such seasons as last year, an increased product might be calculated upon, but jast season «as unusually good anoth er writes : “For whole country, from present prospects, 4,500,01 K) Bales.” Form Louisiana ; no estimates. From Texas ; a Galveston correspond ent replies : “ For this State, less than last year.” What is your estimato of the total crop raised in 1872 ? Answers—From North Carolina ; no estimates. From South Carolina; four estimates rangp between 3,700,01 K) and 3,850,000 bales; one correspondent thinks that probably 100,000 bales of the crop will be held back in the country. From Tennessee; 3,750,000 bales, or probably less, considering the loss from dust, which is material; one letter says dealers’ estimates run high as 4,000,- 000 bales, 4‘iOui Georgia; estimates range be tween 3,725,000 and 3,800.000 bales. From Mississippi; estimates between 3,750,000 and 3,800,000 bales. From Louisiana ; no estimates. From Texas ; decline mffbift# an esti mate. JfIWTKWAWZOPS REMARKS. [From a North Carolina Correspondent.] Should we have a wet season, our farmers would not be able to work their crops for the want of labor, as they are nearly all over-cropped. [From a Noulh Carolina Correspondent.] In this State, and we presume else where, the culture of cotton improves yearly, and this should be taken into ac count in estimating a crop. [From a Tennessee Cpxreapuudent.] ij w-e have a favorable season, we think the new crop will exceed that of last year, provided planters can yet sup plies, which seems now improbable. [From a Georgia Correspondent ] If the season should be good during month of May, aay hot too wet, but dry, we would expect a rather larger crop than last year, but just now a good many planters complain of seed not coming up oil account of dryness. [Fropi on Alburn* Oarrespondent.] Weather cold and dry ; cotton not up to a stand yet. That that is up, strug gling for life—too cold for it. [From Mississippi Carrospondents.] It is not unusual for two favorable seasons to follow iusuccession. August and September make or unmake the cotton crop. We consider for present a very favor able prospeot, though cannot say for future. Hands generally are working well. MacMAHON. Sketch of the Life anil Career of the president of France. The MacMahons at o descended from Bryan Born, who was King of Ireland in 1014, and acquired great renpwn as the conqueror ppthe Dapea, oyer whom he gained n decisive victory at Clontarf. A petition to KiDg Louis is extant, where in Maurice MacMahon, Knight of Malta, formerly captain pf cavalry in the regi ment of Fitz James, states that he sup plicates both for himSplf ‘Obi f o !' the Marquis d’Equilly abd fl)e Bishop of Killera, his brothers, that “he may be permittp4 1° represent before ah' the princes that tfley it pi a' tjfW paternal origin from the lonia of ploi)(jip>la, jn Ireland, who were descended from the lords and princes of Clare, who were is sue of the ancient monarchs of Ireland. Their attachment tp the Catholic re ligion and to their legitimate prince pav ing deprived tfjeip of tf>eir professions and titles, they find it impqsliple fcj es tablish their noble and ancient extrac tion by literal proofa. But they have proofs and testimonials beyond all sus picion, and admitted by the tribunals, which establish their nobility not only from (dm mw tld'j, bat even up to Brian Born, miflnaVfippf jfredand’ in the Begin ning ’of the eleventh centijry, and that they #rp of the same family as the Earls of Thomond,” whoji] tlie King had “honored with his favor." This docu- meiit is accompanied by other papers from which it that the French MacMahons are descended from the two brothers Maurice and John, who set tled in franco in year 1760, the first of whom shared iff? formas of Prince Edward iii Scotland,' served in the Spanish army, and afterwards was made captain ju the French ser vice; the second was meafed Marquis d’Equilly, and admitted to the festales of Burgundy. The MacMahons were a fighting race, and their names frequent lv osfinv in the French military annals, sharing i« ihfi disasters as well as the glories which alleaied $e French arms. At Waterloo one of them BebOfyd with great gallantry. Tlie battle was lost, but it was necessary to make a desper ate effort tq pg yer the retreat of the shattered army- ‘‘Cha.-gp, keep charg ing. boys,” said MacMahon to tjhs Cuirassiers. “Marshal,” said tlje Col onel, “we a ta bp cut up it is certain death for us to charge ■; jog know it.” “Embrace me, my friend/' was DfijcMa lion’s only reply, and then the two gal lant soldiers led forward the regiment which made those three terrible charges that are recorded among the great deeds of the Frem-b army. Only 109 men of its number remained, and of these all but eight were woanded. Marie-Edmonde-Patrice Maurice Mac- Mahon, who has been elected President of the French Republic, was born at Autun_, fu the department of Saone-et- Loire," in Jlis father held the rank of Lieutenant;in tlie French army, with the distinction of Commander of the Royal and Military Order of St. Lorais; his uncle was Major- General in the French service, and his brother was captain, but left the service in 1830. MacMahon received his mili tary education at St. Cyr, and at the age of 19 was fmb-lientenant of the Fourth Hussars, of which his brother was then captain. He soon active service. Proceeding with the Twentieth Regiment to Africa, he engaged in the Algerian war and ri the year 1830 had won the Cross of the Region of Honor, which he received from Generif! flannel on the field of battle. Next year he was appointed Lieutenant in the Eighth Cui rassiers, and, in 1832, as aid-de-camp to General Achard, he shared in the expe dition to Belgium, and won the Cross of the Orjjer of Leopold by his bravery at the siege of Antwerp. This campaign over, he returned to Africa, and there acquired still greater distinction. At the close of the successful batiln pf Terchia, it is related that Gen. Achard wished to send a message to Count Bul hieres, at Blidah, between three and four miles off, instructing him to change the order of his march. This message he entrusted to MacMahon, and as the journey was dangerous, offered to send a squadron of mounted chasseurs with him. Declining the escort, MacMahon rode off alone, and had just approached a broad, deep ravine about 600 yards from Blidah, when suddenly he beheld a host of Arabs in full pursuit of him from every side. Seeing there was no alternative bat to jump the treacherous gulf or be butchered by his pursuers, he put spurs to his horse, reached the bank, and cleared the ravine at a bound. The pursuing Arabs recoiled from so dangerous a leap, and only sent after the daring soldier a shower of bullets as horse and rider rolled over on the other side, with the animal’s leg broken. While balls still whistled around him, MacMahon disengaged himself from the wounded steed, and reached the town in safety. At the attack on Constantine, in 1836,'he received a slight wound, was commended for Lis bravery, and pro moted to the grade of officer of the Legion of Honor. Some years afterward he organized the Tenth Battalion of Chasseurs d’Orleans; became in 1842 Lieutenant-Colonel of the Second For eign Legion; next Colonel of the 41st Infantry, and finally, in 1818, General of Brigade and Governor of Tlemcen. In 1849 he was made Commander of the Le gion of Honor, and promoted to the Governorship cf the Provinces of Oran and Constantine, a position wherein he proved himself a good administrator and acquired new laurels ns a soldier. In July, 1852, he was made General of Division, and advancad through the suc cessive grades in the Legion of Honor until he received the Grand Cross, Sep tember, 1855. When in April, 1855, at the outbreak of the war with Russia, MacMahon was recalled to Paris, he had served about 25 years in Africa, obeying with mili tary precision the several governments which had in the mean time ruled France, supporting Napoleon as loyally as he did the Bourbon Charles X. * He proceeded from Paris to the seat of war in the Crimea, where he commanded a division of infantry in Marshal Bosquet’s corps. In the final assault of Sebasto pol (September 8, 1855) he had the perilous honor of leading the attack on the Malakoflf, which formed the key to the Russian defenses. In a few instants, owing to the irresistible ardor of his troops, he penetrated the fort, and there resisted for hours the desperate attacks of the Russians. While in this danger ous position MacMahon received orders to return from Pellissier, who had been told that the Malakoff was mined. Reluctant to givo up advantages he had so dearly gained, he auswered : “I will hold my ground, dead or alive,” and, true to his word, he remained until the Russians, baffled by the obstinancy and daring of the French, began a head long retreat, and Sebastopol was won. This daring exploit, which virtually ended the war, won MacMahon world wide fame, and secured him, with the Grand Cross, the rank of Senator. When peace relieved him from further service in Europe, ho returned to the scene of his early campaigns, and was soon actively engaged in subduing the bold and intrepid mountain tribes of Kabylia. In a short time he received command of the land and sea forces of Algeria, aud was reposing on his well won laurels when called to the field by the outbreak of war with Austria. In command of the Second Army of the Alps, ho rendered signal service at Magenta, In one week Napoleon had driven the Austrians across the Ticino, turned their flank, aud forced them to give battle. Attacked unexpectedly at the Bridge of Magenta, where the Austrians had concentrated 150,000 men, the French resisted for several hours, but were on the point of giving away when MacMa hon, who had early in the day crossed the river further up with the view of executing a flank movement, suddenly changed his plans, hastened to the battle-field, bore down on the Austrians with irresistible force, and utterly routed them, capturing 7,000 prisoners. He was rewarded on the field with the title of Duke of Magenta and created Mar shal of France. In 1801 ho represented France at the coronation of William 111 of Prussia, and displayed extraordinary pomp in the Prussian capital. On his return he succeeded Marshal Canrobert in the command of the Third Army Corps, and in 1864 was appointed Gov ernor-General of Algeria. His adminis tration was embarrassed by famine among the native population, and by political contentions arising from the desire of the colonists for a better sys tem of government than Napoleon was willing to accord them. At the outbreak of the Franco-German war great hopes were placed on Mac- Mahon. He received command of the Army of the South, and moved toward the, frontier. He encountered (J ugust 6, 1870) the German forces at Worth, and was forced to retreat in disorder to Nancy, where he proceeded to reorganize the scattered forces retreating from dif ferent points on the frontier with the view of defending the capital. While so engaged he was ordered to proceed to the relief of Metz, and thus retard the advanee of the victorious Germans on Paris. He entered promptly on the dis astrous march which ended at Sedan, where the army was forced to surrender, and where he was dangerously wounded early in the day hv a shell. He suffered severely from this wound for some time, but resumed his military duties about the time the Commune was pro claimed in Paris, and the city was held against the National Government. He conduoted the siege operations success fully, and cordially aided President Thiers in re-establishing order and placing the Republic on a firmer basis. His loyalty was never impeached, al though it was currently believed that he retained a strong attachment for Na poleon ITI., aud obeyed the Republic because it was the established Govern ment rather than from thy eouyiotion that it wij9 tl)e pest form that could be adopted for the French people. TIIE RECUPERATING SOUTH. Business Improvements aud Activity- Bay Ridge Represented in Cotton — I tow a “Short Stop” Became a Cashier. fCpiyeßponcjenpe Brooklyn Eagle.) Aitodsta, Ga., May 20, 1873.—1 left the beautiful City of Churches last Fall to try the climate of the Sunny South for iffy health- When I arrived I ex pected to find everything going to decay and ruin, but I was mistaken. Instead of ruin I saw improvements going on everywhere —new residences, public buildings, railroads and canals; the mer- prosperous, and only wanting iqore papital to f|ory igfo the State for husiqesd jeqqirements; tpe banks are doing well and ctec ar’ing large divi dends; cotton factories are successful and pitying handsomely. The Langley Factory, lately started at Langley, S.C., on the Charleston aP(I Amjmsta Rail road. is njjmet] after My W, 0. Bangley, of B’ay Ridge. They nave lately started anew bank at Macon, Ga., and the short stop of the old Star nine, J. P. Flan ders, is the cashier. Two M)qlitigu of tha uspry law by the Georgia Legislature last Winter has opened a large field for capitalists out side of the State, and I don’t think they can do better than to invest some of their capital in this part of the country. Mq my has commanded from one to two percept.' p ipopth dicing the past year, is also very scarce, and is likely to con tinue so in the future. As matters now stand, the money lending interest is the ippjjl ‘ 'fhci ftftfjk'jng institu tions ams other moneyed corporations who discount cotton liens and other crop liens, or discount the acceptances of factors, are making more money than was probably ever known before the war in the history of Southern industry. ■ Brooklynite. A FAMiLY FEjL/lj. It Culminates in a Homicide—Charley j jl r . yeaver Killed toy Charles W. Guthrie—lncidents of the Killing History of tfie Feutf [prom the St. Louis Republican. I Most of flap jegdef-s will retqember the account which appeared in the Republican, some weeks ago, of Mr. Christopher C. Weaver, having the body of his deceased daughter, Mrs. Maggie Guthrie, exhumed, on the sus picion that her husband bad poisoned her; and also shots having been ex changed between Irifp and his law. In May, 1872, Miss Maggie G. Weaver married Mr. Charles W. Guth rie, who formed a business partnership with her father, Christopher C. Weaver, uiifieF t|:p fir*t; of 0. W. Guthrie ft Cos. The parties agreed very well together until about the first of February last, at which time Mrs, Guthrie died. Shortly afterward her father learned that Guthrie was about to marry again, and this fact, in connection witli the un expected death of the wife of the latter, raised a suspicion in her father's mind that she had been poisoned. The ex pression u» the opinion on the part of the father excited the ifa of t);p hus band, and resulted ip some pistol shots passing between them. Mr. Wea ver, it is stated, had the body of his daugbie* pxiiuipfid, pud the stomach placed ip the bands of pliepUst for for aoaivsis. No report from the chemist has yet been made to the coroner. After the stomach was removed from the body of Mrs. Guthrie the remains were again interred, hut, it appears, at a place kept secret from the husband. He recently commenced an action at law against the father to recover possession of the body, find that action was the proximate cause of the homicide last night. The circumstances of the killing, as far as could be learned last night, were as follows : About seven o’clock in the evening Guthrie was standing on the earner of Emily and Barnard streets, when Weaver came along, accompanied by his brother, and ordered him away, saying that be could not bear the sight of him. The brother tb6zj picked up a rock and threw it at Guthrie, and called him an offensive name. The latter fled, and was pursued by the Weavers, until he took refuge in the yard iu the rear of j Powell’s grocery near by. He then drew a pistol and fired, shooting W eav er dead. Guthrie then gave himself up | to the police, and the brother of de-j ceased, Chris. Weaver, was arrested by | Officer McDonald, of the Second Dis- 1 trict, and a pistol found on him. The parties concerned in this deplor able affair are all respectable people, and have always been well thought of by their neighbors and acquaintances. THE POSTAL DEPARTMENT. ORES WELL'S VISIT SOUTH. Increase of Postal Facilities. Washington, May 29.—One result of the Postmaster General's recent visit South will probably be an increase of the postal car service. Mr. Creswell has instructed his Second Assistant, Col. Routt, to direct C. J. French, Esq., Superintendant of Railway Service for the South, to confer with certain lead ing railways for the extension of this service in accordance with the provisions of an act of March 3d last. The lines included are those between Atlanta and New Orleans via West Point, Mont gomery and Mobile; between Louisville and Memphis, Louisville aud Cincinnati via Covington; between Bristol ‘and Chattanooga, aud between Nashville and Chattanooga. The cars are to be forty feet, and the service will be single daily. The mails are to be adjusted on the basis of weights taken after June 30th, 1873, upon the terms prescribed, in the act of March last. Most of the, through Texas mail will hereafter be forwarded by the new Missouri, Galveston and Texas Railroad. Arrangements have been completed for a sufficient number of postal cars, and an adequate number of postal clerks will soon be detailed to complete the distribution of the bulk of the mail before its arrival in Texas. In many parts of Texas letters will here after reach their destination one week earlier than at present, and in most parts 24 to 36 hours sooner. THE ARKANSAS TROUBLE. Governor Baxter's Difficulties—Pros pects of Civil War in the State. Little Rock, May 20. —Arkansas politics present at this time a most in congruous condition of affairs. The substance of the trouble is that Radicals are now endeavoring to mature a plan by which Governor Baxter, who was their own candidate at the last election, may be unseated. The result has been a very decided action on the part of his Excellency, who, in view of the threats of his enemies, has within the past few days entirely reorganized the militia force of the State, mustering out those of the old officers, including Upham, the commander of the militia, supposed to be in league with his enemies, and appointing in their places his own friends. This disruption of the former ties between Governor Baxter and the the Radicals has had the curious effect of making the Governor the champion, as it were, of the men who opposed him in the November election, while he is attacked by the very men who voted for him, and who are now working to re move him, in conjunction with Mr. Brooks, in favor of Lieutenant-Gover ner Smith. At the election in November Baxter and Smith were the Radical candidates for Governor and Lieutenant-Governor; Brooks was the Liberal and Democratic candidate for the former office. Baxter, though the Radical candidate, is a Southern man—a native of North Caro lina and a Union man during the war— and has resided in this State for the past twenty or thirty years. Brooks, the Conservative nominee, is, on the other hand, a carpet-bagger. He was known to possess much influence with the colored voters, and hence received the nomination of the Liberals and was sup ported by the Democrats. This, then, was the state of things at the day of election. Troubles commenced after the election, and then, too, began the causes which now render this whole contest so anomalous. The supporters of Mr. Brooks claimed that their candidate was elected, but the returns of the Radical Secretary of State elected Baxter and Smith, that result having been secured, said the Brooks party, by bold frauds. Brooks’ vote was thrown out in several townships and counties, and the returns gave a majority of 3,000 or 4,000 to Bax ter. The whole question was subse quently brought before the Legislature, in which by the laws of the State is vested the exclusive jurisdiction and power to try and decide contests for the office of Governor. The Democrats and Liberals in the Legislature protested against the Secretary’s returns, and declared that Baxter’s claims to the office rested upon frauds committed prior to and after the election ; but the Radical majority in that body de cided that he should be Governor and Smith Lieutenant-Governor. This oc curred in January last. In the mean time Mr. Brooks had taken no practical steps to contest the election, but he sub sequently made a spirited but futile ef fort to induce the Legislature to enter tain his claim to the seat. Under these circumstances, as possession is nine points of the law, and no other Govern or, according to the Legislature, being in existence, Baxter became all the Gov ernor to whom Arkansas oould legally and constitutionally lay olaim. The Legislature having deoided that he was entitled to the office, no power exists under the State law to reverse that de cision until the reassembling of the next regular session of the Legislature, an less it be done by a called session of the Legislature, which of course could only be summoned by Baxter hi(ga(j)|. Since the pvents above narrated the Legislature has adjourned. But it was while this body was in sqssiou that the complications occurred which, while they arrayed Baxter in antagonism to his party, have also rallied to his support a large number of Conservatives and Democrats. The programme was to have been car ried into effect on Monday last, on which day Attorney-General Youley, a sympa thizer in the anti-Baxter movement, was to have applied to tl>e Nqppaine Court for the writ, But no meeting of the Court vyas held on that day, and the matter was adjourned until next week. It was iu view of what was intended by his enemies that Baxter developed his coup and fortified himself in advance agaifist the threatened revolution by mustering nut the old militia officers and placing new men of his own appoint ment over the militia. It is an interest ing point in connection with the plot against Baxter that Smith, the Lieuten ant-Governor, now a presumpUj.*, »uc cessor of l'u\,v r ,., ufiotUd tile Radicals succeed, was even less “legally” elected than he, for Smith at the election re ceived fewer votes than the head of the ticket; and furthermore, Baxter’*! friends logically make this pqjni, if the Supreme Oqurt hqs ifie right to ope# and examine the question of Bax ters right ifo his seat arid to remove him, then the right of at least two judges of the Court who compose tfip quorpfir ne cessary to enable fhaf iriquual to render is without founda tion, since they were supported by the same minority in the State, and were declared elected and installed by the same Legislature that declared Baxter Governor. The Radicals complain that Baxter has fallen under the control of Democrats, who ar» usjpg, tog their owit purpoAt-s, Hiid 'lliai; the p6dy-gu&rd which hfi called arohrid him lust week Was Composed of “Ku-Klux.” The quar rel is altogether a complicated and whether BfixtPt TiiU mafingQ his office qr tfie Radicals succ.eed in’ re placing him by ‘ Brooks or ’by Smith—a man after their QW# Ke’qjd j O.Y Grant will then ip with fas bayonets aud men in tire United States livery and ro cognize as Governor the man who may be declared Governor by Baxter’s ene mies—all these contingencies lie yet in the future. Baxter seems determined to hold on to his own, whether fairly got or not, ;o>d tfcp sitviidiuM l» such that a lit tle hasty action op the part of either of the contesting parties may pre cipitate a lamentable civil war, which would certainly present Grant’s oppor tunity to throw no buyowets into the struggle and hfihl the Stafo i# tfie Radi- j cal interests. ’ SPEAKER BLAINE. Has ft Spat with Brigham Young- Views of the Man from Maine. Salt Lake, May 27. A morning newspaper gives the following account of an interview between Speaker Blaine and Young, in which Blaine reminded Brigham that the Presidential contest of 18fil was fought on the distinct issue of the right of Congress to control the domestic institutions of the Territories, and Ippcolu was chosen on that ground; that Congress exercised its powers by abolishing the relation of master and slave, and its authority, was plenary to the premises, and the extent of its exer cise a matter of discretion ; that the or ganic act of Utah by its terms was sub ject to amendment, alteration and re peal, and that no enactment of the Ter ritorial Legislature was of the slightest validity if Congress chose to amend it. Said Brigham i If that’s your doc trine onr interests and onr rights de mand that we he admitted as a State. We have the requisite population, re sources and wealth. It may be true Mr. Young, Blane re plied, that you have the necessary popula tion and wealth, but speaking to you with the frankness with which I should speak, were I on the floor of Congress, I must say that Utah can never be admitted as a State so long as the institution of polygamy is upheld and practiced by the Mormon Church, aud as I understand by the great mass of your people. The remark seemed to nettle Brig ham considerably, hut he kept his temper and proceeded to a long disserta tion on the relative purity of morals of Eastern cities in comparison with the morals of Utah, contending that the, superiority is on the side of the latter. But, Mr. Young, rejoined the Speaker, what you denounce iu the East is done against law, clandestinely, and is ad mitted to be wrong, even by those who indulge it. W hut you do in Utah is not only done openly, by the sanction of ■aw, but has the approval of the church. With such practices and opinions, radi cally differing with those of the people of the United States, you cannot., in my judgment, ever be admitted to participa tion in the Government of the United States. W ell, then, said Brigham, what are you going to do about it ? You seem always to be worrying over Utah in Con gress and attempting legislation for us ? Why, replied Blaine, what specific measures Congress may adopt, it is not for me to say. THE DEMON OF THE FLAME?. ANOTHER GREATFIRE IN ROSTON. A Four Hours’ Conflagration—lts Re sults—A Sea of Flame ami a Desert ot Ashes—Millions of Property De stroyed—Great Excitement in the City— The Military Called Out—Full Details ot the Horror. Boston, May 30.—A heavy lire is raging in the business portion of the city. Later. —The fire has reached Wash ington street. , Later, 9:35, n. in.—lt broke out at eight o’clock this morning and is now raging on both sides of Washington street , near Boylston and Essex streets. The Globe Theatre is destroyed. A northwest wind prevails. Later.— The lire is still progressing, with no sign of being checked. Boston, May 30, 10, a, m.—A lire broke out about half-past eight this morning in the upper part of Haley, Nurse & Co.’s large furniture Warehouse, No. 411 Washington street, and is spreading with fearful rapidity—the wind being strong from the northwest. The principal direction of the fire is now toward Harrison street. When discov ered the tire was in the upper floor of Haley, Nurse & Co.’s warehouse, among the workshops, and the flames were issuing from the roof. Piles of light material which were packed away were like so much tinder, and before the alatm could be given great volumes of flame were rolling up fifty feet into the air, and clouds of smoke were rising. The heat generated was intense, and in twenty minutes the upper stories of the building, from front to rear, a distance of two hundred feet, were a mass of glowing flame. The fire worked back into the stables of Geo. F. Bouncy, on Bumstead place, which runs out of Boyl ston street, near Washington street, aud destroyed it. Eventually the walls of the immense edifice fell and crushed to atoms the extensive gallery of Jourdain, with all the stores beneath it, on the op posite corner of Fayette Court. The flames soon spread to another street adjacent, aud that was also destroyed, including Nos. 403, 405 and 409, Wash ington street. The premises of Rhodes, Ripley & Cos., clothing; J. W. Bioekett, pianos; Geo. Foster, hats; F. F. Libby, dry goods; and Geo. F. White, millinery, were lost. The flames have crossed Washington street. Chickering’s splen did granite building, with its immense front, and the Globe Theatre, are in ruins. The lire has also caught the steeple of the Presbyterian Church, corner of Beach street and Harrison avenue, and the spire is a mass of flames. Boston, May 30, 11, a. m.—The rear of Chauncy street is threatened both from Haywood place and Essex street, and the entire square, hounded by those streets and Washington street, which is not already destroyed, is being aban doned by its occupants. Chief Damrell expresses confidence that the fire will speedily he stopped. The loss already amounts to several millions. Continuing its course southerly from its place of origin, the fire soon attacked the In ternational Hotel, G. R. Richardt, pro prietor, No. 415 Washington street, and it fell an easy prey to the devouring ele ment. The sway of the monster was ir resistible, and next to fall its victim was the large four-story stone front building occupied by Kelly’s billiard rooms, No. 419; Geo. Thomson k Cos., tailors, No. 421, and Montgomery k Cos., confection ery store, No. 423. The fire on Beach street, in the Prestyterian Church, has been extinguished. The military has been called out, and the crowds in the vicinity of the fire are being forced back, giving the firemen more room to work. 12 O’Clock. —The fire is now believed to be fully under control. The wildest excitement exists throughout the city, and thousands of extras aro being circu lated. It being Decoration Day, all the insurance offices were closed, lad are now being opened on the intelligence of the conflagration. 12:15, p. M- —The fire is now complete ly under control, * It is impossible to give at once all the losses or even the names of the losers by .the tiro to-day, but it can be said that from. Avery street to Boylston street, on the west side of Washington street, is nearly or quite destroyed. On the other side, from Hayward place to Essex street, little is left to show what existed there at eight o’clock this morning. The Globe Theatre saved nearly all its ward robes, Two men were killed by the falling waffs. Boston, May 30. Among the firms and individuals burnt out on Essex street are Benjamin S. Rowe & Cos., hoots and shoes—loss, $15,000 ; insur ance, $9,000; Hawley, Folson & Martin, furnishing goods—loss, $175,000, fully insured ; Atherton T. Brown A' - loss, $50,000 ; insurance, ; Geo. E. Turner, boots and shoes —loss, $15,- 000; insurance, $10,000; Chauncey Hall School, Messrs’. Cushing k Ladd—loss, $5,000; insurance, $3,000 j J. W. Pitcher, Globe Case—lass, SB,OOO ; no \ insurance ; Ninth Regiment headquar ters—loss alight ; Belaud, WUecleek & Ca, furnishing gjoadu—km $100,000; insurance, $5,0,000 ; John B, Regan, boots and shoes—loss, $75,000; insur ance, $30,000. On Washington street: T. S’. Pazolt A Son, furriers—loss, $50,000, insurance unknown; Seilot, hookstqm iu the same building, occuimngi throe chambers, and vafuahie hooks and articles nqqfi, ut the Catholic Church —I 0 u i $10,000; loss of Hibbard, proprietor of Bryant & Stratton Co\fiiye, s $10,000; insured in the Central Mutual Company, of Worcester. Tim Western Union Telegraph Company has lost fifteen by the fire anil communica ting t« interrupted. The Firemen’s Na tional Bank had not opened HtPtV vault to-day and they have to. believe that all their seg'qritjes are saved. The •lay bej#fl a fiojiday, the report of the firfi telegraphed to, surrounding towns brought thousands us persons to the city. Every train inward bound was crowded with anxious business men and sensation seekers. The following is a complete list of New York fire in surance companies having rV s^s in Boston : The Clinton, pacific, rEtna, Brewers b*s Matters’, Citizens’, City, peiumbia, Commerce, Commercial, Continental, Exchange, Fireman’s, (ter man-American, Germania, Guardian, Hanover, Hoffnmv,, irorge, Humboldt,, liiternatifs*i, riving, Lamar, Lorillard, Tdanliattau,, Market, Mercantile, Na tional, New York and Yonkers, Niagara, Phoenix, Relief, Republic, standard, BtftV, WL Nicholas, Tradesman’s, Wash ington, Boston, May 30, 9, p. m.—Another fireman was killed anil two hurt by fn\\ ing walls. A STRING® STORY. Boiicemen and Murderers Allied How They Do It in Sacramento City As tounding Revelations. San Francisco, May 30. —Tliero is much excitement in Sacramento city, proceeding from an investigation be fore the Police Commissoners relating to conduot of officers Harris and Dale in the ease of Mortimer, the murderer of Mrs. Gibson. Carrie Mortimer testi fies that these officers on several oc casions gave information to Mortimer and herself about persons who were possessed of large sums of money, in order that Mortimer and she migh t rob them. Hlie also swears that these offi- 1 cers bronglit Mortimer home on the night of the murder of Mrs. Gibson, and told her that they had business for Mortimer to perform, but he was too drunk to attend to it properly. A large number of witnesses have been examin ed in the ease. MCKENZIE’S RAID INTO MEXICO. New York, May 28. —A Washington special says the Administration is at last willing to »dmit that Colonel McKenzie did not pursue the Kickapoos into Mexi co without instructions from Washing ton, and the President is made to say that if Mexico is to he an asylum for highway robbers after the United States protests, we do not intend to sanction it, and if the Mexican Government com plains this Administration has resolved to treat the accessory as guilty as the principals. Colonel McKenzie has re ceived orders to exterminate the Kicka poos and Lizons. Massachusetts Breeding the Commune. Boston, May 28. —The Boston Eight Hour League, at a meeting to-day, dis cussed resolutions which anticipate that the voting power of the masses will he openly or covertly assailed in the next Constitutional Convention with proposi tions to qualify suffrage, increase taxes, reduce the number of officers elected by the people, and that an aristocracy of wealthy Republicans and Democrats have started these liigli-handed usurpa tions. The only hope for purer elec tions, incorruptible legislation, less vio lence, crime anil misrule, is a reduction of the hours of labor whenever public opin ion and legislation cau properly interfere. I A CLERK’S BLUNDER. Oakey Hail Argues a Case Is There a Sub-Treasury ?—The Attorney Gen eral Takes the Will for the Deed. New York, May 30. —Ex-Mayor Hall, in the United States Circuit Court to day, argued the demurrer taken by him against the indictment which charged G. F. Dunning with having embezzled moneys in the sub-treasury in this city, Mr. Hall contending that the indictment was drawn under tho statute of 1823, which he claimed was repealed by the statuto of 1866. In the course of his argument he said the sub-treasury act had been repealed by a blunder of the clerk. It had been intended to repeal that part of the act which related to a copyright, but by an error of tho clerk who drew the bill, the whole act was re pealed, and so passed Congress, sinec when the sub-treasury is not legally in existence. The District Attorney tul mittedJAmt a blunder had been made, but th™ Attorney General Williams has decided as the intention was only to re peal the copyright clauses, the remain der of the act was still in force. The decision is reserved. Ex-Mayor Hall says there are numbers of such cases pending, but none will probably ho called until the next Congress meets, when the blunder will be remedied. A SCENE IN A CHURCH. Lively Row in a Brooklyn Church—Tlio Colored Troops Eight Nobly After the Battle. New York, May 30. —1 'lie congrega tion of the African M. E. Church, at Doan and Schenectady avenue, Brook lyn, held their May festival in the church last evening. About midnight, while the congregation was singing pslams, one of the sisters felt herself aggrieved at some remarks of one of the brethren. A male friend of the woman’s sought out the aggressor, and from words they came to blows, and in a short time a general fight ensued. Chairs and tables were overturned, and soon the floor was covered with a rolling and struggling mass of men and women. Jt. resulted in upsetting ice cream, cakes and jellies, of nil kinds. The police were ealled, but before they succeeded in separating the combatants, two of the force were knocked down. Nenrly all of the brethren and sisters were then march ed to tho station house. SPAIN. The Car lists and (lie Commissioner. New York, May 30.—A special from London to the World says the English Commissioner, Bradlaugh, to Spain, was seized by the Carlists. London, May 30.—The ]\>st says a private dispatch has been received here announcing that Mr. Bradlaugh, after leaving Madrid, was seized by tho ! Carlists and carried to headquarters of the insurgent chieftain, Baboles. His life is said to be in danger. Madrid, May 30.—Admiral Topeti has betm released. Madrid, May 30.—Tho Constituent Cortes will meet to-morrow. The tax payers of Rube, in Catalonia, have refused ip pay contribution levied on them for putting up fortifications for State defense. Tho authorities have taken measures to compel the payment, and threaten to expel all who refuse from their houses and wall up the doors and windows. Bayonne, May 30.—Advices from the vicinity of Lagrono represent a great battle between the Carlists and Republi cans taking place. Russia’s Cavalry—The Horsemun of the Czar—Marvelous Riding, Writing under date of May 2 of a re view held in St. Petersburg in honor of the visit of the Emperor of Germany to the Czar, the correspondent of the Lon don Da Hi/ News says : “The great attraction of tho day was the cavalry, and that far surpassed any thing which J have ever seen. The two elements of excellence were, of coursw the horses themselves and tho horseman ship of the riders. Can anybody explain the peculiar charm about ' Russian horses? Without presuming to answer my own question, I think I may point out that one secret, with trainers hero seems to be to educate the horse; to make him trustworthy, faithful, ambi tious and to dispense with all those con trivances, which, in move civilized conu- tries crush the spirit out of the poor beasts, In what other country can one aec horses like those which dash along the Nveska so free, and fresh, and grace ful ? In what other country do they have such a glossy skin, suoli swan-like necks, such delicate limbs? And in what other country do they offer such ma terial for cavalry ? One must reflect, too, that Russians of a certain class are horn, like Arabs, in the saddle. The horse is a member of the fnmily, a brother, a cosft|xaiHon in every advfmtaire. Tho Russian Government had, therefore, good material; but it has employed it. well, aud the proof is the superb horse men who to-day galloped along by Kaiser Witlielm and his Germ an officers. The Russian cavalry has the ordinary divisions found in all Continental armiew —namely, hussars, dragoons, cuirassiers, uhlans, Am., as well somo species pe culiar to itself. ! pass over the former,, and only caR attention tu tho horses. These rfeek and muscular beasts had evidently been selected ns carefully as the men themselves. For each battalion they were all of one oolor, now a glossy black, now a lich brown, now a light gray and the uniformity seemed to ex tend even to their size, shape and motion, The effect was singularly striking. The Toheok and Cossack cavalry have been so often described that there is nothing new to he said about their appearance. Tho detachment which took part in the ceremonies of to.- Jay wore bright red jackets and a aurt of fur hats of the same color, agd rode chestnut ponies. On tiled' backs carbines were strapped, and iu their hands they carried long, red lances. They led the cavalry division. The ilrst cirouitof tho cavalry was merely for inspection; the second was for evolu tion, U«w impatiently the Cossacks went through tho first, and how eagerly they entered on the second ! The ponies even trembled with enthusiasm. As the cavalcade approached the Emperors the. riders settled firmly in their saddles, loosened the reins a little, and—the wont is given. Like a flash of lightning, and) simultaneously the horses shoot off, amt before the spectators have caught their breath, are half way around the square.. What an astonishing pace ! If a horse should stumble the rider would never mount again. The Cossacks croud» low in the saddle, and shout like fiends; while their long, glittering lances, aßckilling out horizontally far beyond the horses, arc terrifying even to friends and non-combatants. The Germans do not spare their plaudits. They lovo the uhlans who trampled down tho Twcoa, aud the Bismarck ‘Cuirassiers, who rode into the jaws of death at Mars le Tour, but nothing like these unearthly horsemen from the plains of Russia. Let me not do negative in invitee, how ever, to the rest of the cavalry. After tho second turn around the field the whole body formed at *b« rear, opposite the* Emperors aqu the amphitheatre. Tin front, stretched the whole length of t\m field; somewhat longer—to use* I a comparison which many English readers will appreciate—than from the Seine to Die barracks at the foot of the i ChauijiH do Mars, and several regiments i deep. There were probably 15,000 in all—the cuirassiers, with their white. 1 coats and heavy black horses, the Ims Hurs, with their pikes, the mounted greundiers and the dragoons, aud at the wings the reckless Cossacks again. The Grand Duke Nicholas' waived his. sword, and tie entiro foree moved to ward the Em >erors and the spectators. At first it was a light trot, then an easy* gallop, then iaster and faster, till ono could ottly sen thousands of glittering uniforms and snporh horses dashing madly toward the crowd. Nearer and i nearer they con e, and ever at the same | terrific pace. will he death for the ' imperial party vho are on the ground below f Suddenly the Grand Duke’s sword Hies up again in the air; the offi cers pass the word along. Still the 15,- 000 horsemen shate the earth. The Grand Duke’s sword falls, and the mighty mass comes to a stop as if trans fixed by an electric shock. Perfect si lence reigns. The hug line of cavalry is as calm and steady as the marble palace itself, aud fa r “uck through the centres all is trr.iqnii. That was a glorious sight, '.nd worth a journey t<» St. Petersburg to sis . I shall never look on sue)’ a spectaeh again. New York N.iws. N-w York, May 30.— Gov. Dix and st .ts review the first division of militia at Union Square next Tuesday. Eighteen bodies have been found in East river within two weeks. It is believed that hut few insurance companies of this city suffer to any ex tent by the Boston fire to-day. The few companies heard from average about three thousand each. Owing to repeated arrests of known thieves by the police under the new law, there has been quite an exodus of this class—any of the river thieves going to Brooklyn and pick-pockets going East, West and South. DECORATION DAY. How It Was Observed. Washington, May 30.—A1l business is suspended for decoration of graves. Officials are devoting the holiday to fish ing or hilliurds, or rum, iu a gnat measure.