Funding for the digitization of this title was provided by R.J. Taylor, Jr. Foundation.
About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1866-1877 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 24, 1873)
010 SERIES VOL LUX NEW SERIES VOL XXXVII. CJjromttt and i?nitincl. WEDNESDAY SEPTEMBER 24, 1873. M l ITOB TOPICS. A widow living at Cullen, Ky., recently found $5,000. which wa- buried l>eneath an old di lapidated cabin. Not many so ka were wold on the SSOO coun terfeit. They don't deal in that kind of cur rency, eomehovr. Hodman h iuitial« are M. TANARUS., and ho are the treaioirieH of Brooklyn and the Trust Company. , Hocfienter iJemocrat. The Chicago Journal entimateH that there are 50.000 people in that city who are living be yond their incomes. The Second AdventiHta of Kelfawt. Me., have fixed upon October 2, an the time for taking their heavenward trip. A tame bear at Kooky Point, L. 1., lately dis- J tinguiahed himaelf by drinking 11G consecutive | glaeneH of root beer in an hour. j A New York boy took a lighted candle to j search for a leak in a barrel of npiritH. He got bigh before finding it several rods. It im said that the Louisville authorities find it a more speedy cure to wend married drunk ards home, instead of to the lock-up. It is r*ai 1 that the Liston OUtl# lias sunk money from the day of its first issue, although it jh one of the best papers in the country. 'Hiey are trying to stop the Chicago police from associating with thieves and gamblers and from receiving presents from law-breakors. A Connecticut farmer last week caught twelve simultaneous skunks in one trap, and travel j in that part of the country has been suspended j since. A New York philosopher experimented to see j how long he could stand it to have water fall i on his head drop by drop, and he held out four ! hours. Charles Matthews once during his travels in j Australia took great care of a sick old man, who dying, lest him an annuity of $3,000 a year. A Justice of the Peace at Whitehall, N. Y., discharged a man who hail been arrested, be cause “it was a lightning rod man he had kicked ” Paris has any quantity of "American boarding houses." presided over by maiden ladies who iiave officiated at similar establishments in this country. The ex-Queen Isabella’s husband has brought suit to attach so much of her property as will secure to him the 150,000 francs lately award ed by a Paris tribunal. A French physical! has published a circular warning women against the use of rouge. He states, and cites cases innumerable, that it produces premature failing of the eyesight. In view of the Brooklyn frauds, the (Chris tian Union asks, “What next? Is American society at last tunnelled by corruption, and slumbering on shafts and catacombs of rotten ness They didn’t invite Jim Cummings to a wed ding hall in Nebraska, and Jim took position at a window ai.d shot with a shot gnu until he had effectually'marred the harmony of the evening. A distinguished Kuglish divine recently said, in a sermon, that “if the Scripture said one thing and the London Times said another, 500 ]HH>plo out of every 510 would believe the Times." The bridegroom’s present to his bride at a recent wedding in Liverpool was one thousand sovereigns on a gold salver. The glittering coius looked tempting, and a detective was among the guests. The Baltimore Sun thinks the best thing Judge-Advocate-General Holt can do is to hold Ins peace and not lot a murderous secret be tray his discretion, break down his courage.and conquer his prudence. Miss Fanny Gray, of Harrison county, Ind., has gone crazy. Sensational novel reading is the supposed cause. The presumption is that she was crazy, or “loony," before she com menced reading the vile trash. The annual value of the property assessed for taxation in England in 1872 was nearly £500,000,000. Industrial incomes had increased from T 189,024,507 in 1871, to £202,905,867 in 1872, ami other incomes in similar ratio. Jefferson is buried on his old estate, Mouti cello, near Charlottesville. The simple shaft that covers the grave has been pecked and chopped by relic-hunters, and grass and weeds are allowed to grow about it undisturbed. A man was recently r rosecuted by the London Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Ani mals. on account of having worked a horse which was lanio He was fined sls, with the alternative of a month’s imprisonment. A Manchester milliner has obtained £2OO damages against the Lancashire and Yorkshire Hallway Company, of England, for injuries caused bv a collision on their line. Her “duck of a hat," tho very latest style, was “ruined" by the disaster. In Ireland, with less than 5,400,000 inhabi tant h. the two shillings license duty was paid in 1H72 on 2'.)0,796 dogs. Tho liritinh Govern ment will not object to the continuance of this grievous tale so long as the Treasury is bone tittod liy this tax ou a nation of wags. Chicago needs an efficient police. F.ight murders ill soven months, and “no arrests" is tho sad refrain of a long article in tho Tribune of that city; and the Times chimes in : “ The number of rapes of little girls in this city with in a month or so has become frightful, and what is somewhat singular, no one of the per petrators has been captured.” The Pittsburgh Post pertinently sayß: “The rascality and inconsistency of tho Credit Mobilier party is well demonstrated in its con ventions and by its newspaper press, which de nounce members of Congress who voted for tlie back-pay steal bill and at tho same time uphold President Grant, who championed the steal aud made it a law. Democratic Conven tions aud its press denounce all connected with it." Adeline Louis Ylaria, Countess of Cardigan, daughter of the late Sir. Spencer and Lady Louise de Horsey, and widow of Lieutenant- General. the Earl of Cardigan, who died March 27. IS6S, has been married at the French chapel. Portui\n square, London, to Antonio Manuelo, Conipte de Lancastre, Envoi Extra ordinaire and Minister Meuipatentionaire eu Disponibilite of lite Majesty tho King of Por tugal at the Court of Queen Victoria. Recent complications in Europe are per plexing to those who do not keep up with the many changes there going on. An old gentle man in Lancaster, Pa., is of the opinion that Queen Isabella is the wife of Don Carlos, and Mac Mahon is the chief of the insurgents. He says there can tie no doubt hut what the Re publicans under command of the German naval officers will successfully capture tho English fleet. It is proposed to give public lectures to those interested in European politics. The New York (\»n»iereitit Advertiser, see ing what a storm was being raised in Massa chusetts l>v the officiousness of office-holders in attempting to force the obnoxious Butler upon the people of that State, suggests that this sort of interference may crop out in New York and damage the Republican party in that State as it lias done in Massachusetts, It also gives us own opinion of tho dangerous chanu ter of this interference. It says: "Os all things most dangerous to a party, the worst are the impu dent and arrogant pretensions of office-hold ers. Most meu. when clothed with a little brief authority, play such fantastic tricks as to disgust pretty much every intelligent frieud cf the party.” Tlxsre is another Boston organ that rebelled against the interference of the National Ad uumstratieu in the political affaire of Massa chusetts during the recent struggle of decency and honesty against the presumption of Beast Butler. Tlio TVunsonjg followed the lead of the 4 Jrem.'-vr, and thus spoke its tnind : "It should be understood at Washington, in the Department and by Congress, that custom houses and revenue officers and nary yards do not exist for the beneSi of placemen or their masters. Strong in advocating and supporting umtv and nationality, e er ready to sustain the National Government within its sphere and the exercises of its special functions, the free and true Republicans of this Commonwealth will, on the other hand, make themselves heard, as they show the determination, at all hazards, to sutler no corrupting outside powers to steal the control of their local affairs." The St. Louis /Av.’ioiYttf says that the Eastern jaiiers make a great mistake in snj'poeing that there is no strength and heart in the farmers' organizations in the West. They already dic tate platforms and name candidates for politi cal conventions. In Minnesota the Republicans have nominated the farmers' candidate for Governor, and it was their indue nee which drove the llejiubUcans of Wisconsin to break the slate of the political managers at their State Convention, and forced them to a bold repudiation of the salary grabbers, in spite of the power of Matt. Carpenter and his friends. In county affairs they are all powerful in the rural districts. The court house cliques are routed, the hue of promotion to lucrative offices is ignored, and new men whose names were never mentioned in party caucuses are brought forward as candidates for official honors. The success which the organization will Burely achieve in the Fall elections will give it increased influence and momentum. PRACTICAL PREACHING. The New York Tribune, says “anew and needful phase of pulpit oratory is i its tendency to discuss practically the j practical affairs of every day life,” and j then goes on to speak with approbation ' of a California clergyman who preached “on Christian statesmanship,” and a New Hampshire divine who favored his congregation with a sermon “on com mon schools.” Then it asks: “Who shall say that these preachers are not j doing a noble and excellent work?” i We fail to see either the nobility or excellence of a clergyman preaching otherwise thaD upon and about religion. The great purpose of the clerical profes i sion is to point the pathway to Heaven, ; and this cannot be done when the ! thoughts of the congregation are direct j ed to the every day affairs of earth.— I Where is the solace, the satisfaction, the purification, the encouragement of; j preaching to a man on the seventh day ! the things with which that man has i j been wearied and fatigued during the 1 week ? The great mass of mankind go ! i to church to feel that they are in church, ! i that the sacred walls have compassed j 1 them in and cut them off from the ex- J j citements, the seductions, the partizan- | ships of ordinary life. More than once, | from men nowise distinguished for piety, j j have we heard such remarks as, “Mr. j so-and-so preached to-day about relig ion,” or “Dr. had nothing about politics,” and never have such comments been uttered in our hearing without those who uttered them leaving the im pression that they felt the better for having their thoughts taken away an hour or so into a better and higher and purer sphere. All moral considerations apart, there is also one very good reason why ser mons should be on spiritual affairs.— Men crave novelty. The day of rest is pleasing because it diversifies the mo notonous routine of our week-day life. It refreshes us to act differently and to dress differently, and certainly it is an agreeable change to think differently. But how is one to think differently if from the pulpit one hears the same things one has been hearing all the week ? To the credit of the Southern clergy, the pulpit does break in on the care-worn thoughts of its people with ideas suited to the day, and has always done so. The political or sensa tion sermon, like the political or sensa tion parson, is not common, and where found meets small enoouragement,— Elsewhere the “new and useful phase of pulpit oratory,” .of which the Tribune Hpeaks, is in favor, and the fruits do not approve the tree. THE ALABAMA CLAIMS. Ou the 9tli inst. the British Govern ment paid to the Government of the United States tho 816.500,000 in gold awarded the latter by the Geneva Board of Arbitration. It will be remembered that the Government of the United States sought to charge England with two classes of claims ; first, the direct claims or damages done to individual citizens of the United States, whose ships had been burned and cargoes des troyed by Confederate cruisers, which it was charged that Great Britain had wilfully allowed to leave English ports ; and, second, the famous consequential damages or injuries inflicted on the Gov ernment of the United States by such cruisers. England contemptuously refnsed to permit even the bare discussion of these consequential damagos, saying very truely and very sharply that the North had an immense navy during the war while the South had only a few scatter ed vessels, and if under such circum stances the United States Government failed to capture the Southern cruises, it was the fault of its own inefficiency. The United States Government talked very big at this declaration, but finally ate its humble pie and withdrew its claim for consequential dam ages. The Geneva Tribunal then got to work and declared that the Confed erate cruisers, so far as England was responsible for their outfit in British ports, had destroyed the property of in dividual citizens of the United States to the extont of $15,500,000 in gold, and this amount Great Britain was, accord ingly, adjudged to pay, and, as above mentioned, did pay on Tuesday last. Now, as any one can se.e on the facts stated, every dollar of the $15,500,000 belongs to those ship owners and mer chants who lost by the operations of the Alabama, Florida and Shenandoah. The claim of the United States was expressly denied by Great Britain and then with drawn by the United States, and conse quently the Government of the United States has no right whatever to keep or use the money just paid, but is in honor bound to divide it out as soon as pos sible among the individuals to whom it is due. Instead of this it is to be used for an indefinite period to bolster up the credit of the United States Treasury and give a fictitious popularity to the new United States five per cent, bonds. At the last session of Congress the follow ing act was passed: Be it enacted, de. , That immediately upon the payment of the sum of money awarded to the United States by the Tribunal of Arbitration at Geneva, to be paid by the Government of Great Bri tain, the same shall be paid into the Treasury and used to redeem, so far as it may, the public debt of the United States. And the amount equal to the debt so redeemed shall be invested in the five per cent, registered bonds of the United States, to lie held subject to the future disposition of Congress. It will be here seen that the first use j of the money is “to redeem, so far as I may be, the public debt of the United I States"—a plain breach of faith, since | the money was neither asked for nor I conceded for any such purpose. It was J meant to reimburse individual citizens j of the United States, and not to bolster up Federal credit. In the next place, the money which was demanded and paid in gold, which never varies in value, is to be put into bonds, which may have one value to-day and another to-morrow. At present the five per cent, bonds of United States are worth, we believe, about par in gold, but when the ship owners and merchants come to be paid, if they ever are paid, what guarantee have they that these paper promises in which their money has been put will bring their face value in gold ? Many years ago France paid, or released, unto the Uni toil States Government many millions of dol lars, on condition that that Government should take np and pay certain claims of individual citizens of the United States against her, but though this Government got the money we have yet to hear of any of its citizens getting any of the money. They have gone down to the grave, for it was two generations since, and their grandchildren are yet unpaid. It looks strongly as if the Ala bama spoliation claims were to be a ' second edition of the old French spo liation claims, and if so, a very pretty passage in history the facts will make. It will be recorded that the Confederate cruisers burnt the ships and the United States Government embezzled their value, and between the two the loyal never got a cent. A row among the Custom House of ficials in Savannah resulted in one of them being fined fifty dollars by the “boss" of the concern. OEJf. JOS. E. JOHNSTON. j The subjoined letter from Gen. Joseph i E. Johnston will explain the circumstan . ces calling it forth: White Sulphur Springs, i August 26, 1873. C I E. Cuthbert. Esq.: Dear Sir—l have had the honor to re , ceive the note of to-day, in which you i ask me, on the part of the New York I Herald, to reply to certain political | questions. j It would give me pleasure to have the | privilege of doing so, but not being a j citizen of the United States, I do not j publish my political opinions. Most respectfully yours, J. E. Johnston. j On the 18th of April, 1865, Gen. John ! ston surrendered, and yet, upon the 26th j of August, 1873, more than eight years thereafter, has no other status under the ; Government of the United States than ! that of a paroled prisoner of war. It is true that the fourteenth amend ment declares all persons born or natur alized in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof citizens of the United States and of the State where they reside, and that Gen. Johntson was , born and is now resident in the United States, but it is also true that he is by that amendment denied the rights of a citi zen, and a citizen without the rights of a citizen is a curious anomaly in political affairs, something in statecraft what a certain promontory called Point No Point is in geography. LETTER FROM GEN. EARLY. The Petersburg Index contains an able letter from Gen. Early, from which the following vigorous extracts are copied. The sentiments here expressed do honor to the head and heart of this gallant old Virginian, who has never bent the sup pliant hinges of the knee to the powers that be, that thrift might follow fawn ing. In thus vindicating the truth of history, there is no treason to the Gov ernment of the United States; nor is there any injury to result to the South. Our “weak sisters” of the Conservative press South need have no fits of hysteria because our old leaders see fit to express their honest convictions. Here is what Gen. Early says : “What is it that Mr. Davis has said which has rendered some of our faint hearted editors so eager to purge them selves of all complicity in hiß senti ments, after (and not until after) North ern journals had indicated their disap proval ? Why, he said that ‘we were cheated rather than conquered,’ and he declared his opinion that if the results of the success of the Washington Gov ernment and of our overthrow, which have taken place, could have been fore seen, we would not have been conquered! He had reference to the resolution of the United States Congress, the diplo matic oirculur of Seward, and the proc lamations of Lincoln, declaring that the war would be conducted solely with a view to a reservation and preservation of the Union, and that the State govern ments would remain intact, with their constitutions, laws, customs and institu tions the same as before; and it was in this connection that Mr. Davis said many of the people of the South had been cheated. Is this not true ? If it had been anticipated that it was the purpose of the Washington Government not only to abolish slavery, but also to destroy the regular State governments of the South, enfranchise the negroes, and subject the white people to their rule, does any sane man, North or South, doubt that the Confederate Government and its armies in the field would have been mure thoroughly sustained than they were ? Nay, is it not more than probable that, if the true objects of the war against ns had been boldly avowed in the beginning, many thousands of those who took sides against us in that war would have withheld their support from the Federal Government, if they had not given it to us ? In that event would not our chances of success have been far greater than they were, if not indeed a certainty ? Where, then, is the harm or imprudence of Mr. Davis’ decla ration of his opinion, that but for the fraud practiced we would have been suc cessful ? The pitiable attempt to dis tort this declaration into an assault upon the fame of Generals Leo and Johnston is too absurd to require repetition. No one who heard Mr. Davis’ utterances had any conception that such au idea was intended. “ But, are xve willing to acknowledge that we did not contend for the princi ples of civil and constitutional liberty ? If so, then wo were rebels and traitors. If we did fight for the principles of civil and constitutional liberty, then where is the Virginian who will dare to say that he does not desire that those who are to come after us shall cherish and maintain these principles ? “ But it is said that it was imprudent for Mr. Davis to say anything, because his words were likely to be seized hold of aud distorted from their true mean ing. Really, this is a strange doctrine for a country claiming to be Republican in its institutions, and where liberty of speech lias been regarded as one of the freat bulwarks of freedom. Edmund iurke said that ‘prudence when carried too far degenerates into a ‘reptile virtue,’ whioh is the more dangerous for the plausible appearance it wears ;’ aud this remark has been cited by the New England Lexicographer, Webster (or his editor), to illustrate the difference between the words wisdom and pru dence. The prudence recommended by our most politic politicians very often now assumes the shape of a ‘reptile virtue.’ Why should we care what the New York Herald, New York Times, Washington Chronicle, et it omne, etc., say about us ? Are not all oar acts, say ings, customs, etc., the constant theme of misrepresentation, perversion and abuse iu the daily papers, pictorial jour nals, periodical literature aud books of the North ? If we cannot have po litical independence, let us have inde pendence of thought at least. “And n<jw let us say, that if there be some time-servers who are willing to yield the principles for which we con tended, there are those still surviving who believe that good government can never be restored by an abandonment of principle, and who intend to vindi cate the principles involved in onr late struggle, and the motives and conduct of those who fought to maintain them. [ Besides the appeal to the source of all : power and justice, there is another ap j peal from the so-called arbitrament of arms aud the judgment of those who | are over-awed or seduced |by power, • which lies before the judgment seat of foreign nations and posterity, and that ap peal will be taken. It was the purpose of the Convention lately assembled at the Montgomery White Sulphur Springs to inaugurate that appeal, and if there be treason in that, then let the adherents of lawless power make the most of it. Let the United States Government, if it thinks proper, call into requisition its whole military and naval power to quell the unreconstructed women of the South, and suppress the ‘truth of history.’ Many of its adherents have good reason to dread the latter, certainly, but physi cal power cannot crush it." THE SOUTHERN HISTORICAL SO CIETY. The spirit of the Southern Historical Society is set forth in the following let- . ter from General Dabney H. Maury, i which has been communicated to the Richmond papers by General Early : j “Soon after the war closed my atten tion was called to the fact that not only • had we been subjugated to the power of the North, but the history of our revo lution was being written exclusively by our conquerors, and every effort was be ing made by them to misrepresent us, our cause, its principles, and our con duct during the war. which was forced upon us in defense of our country. The whole power of the newspaper press, of the pulpit, magazine literature, the makers of history books, of the school teachers and most potent of all, of the school-book makers, was combined to falsify and degrade us in the eyes of pos terity. The effect of all this was painfully manifested upon the character and the demeanor of our own people. We had become so familiarized with the odious names and the odious light in which we were presented, that we were fast losing oar self-respect, and seemed ready to acquiesce in all the degradations thus prepared for us, and to be ready to transmit, without an effort at retrieval, AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING. SEPTEMBER 24, 1573. our names to our children with all the odium a malignant, unrelenting, active and unscrupulous enemy could throw around them. The policy of ‘ rendering treason odious,’ which was announced by Andrew Johnson when he manacled our President and cast him into prison to die of slow torture, when he judicially murdered Wirz and hanged an aged and innocent woman contrary to the evidence and without the forms of constitutional law, had reached such a practical result as must have been satisfactory to the most exacting ‘loyalty.’ We had been called * rebels’ until nine-tenths of ns felt we had been rebels; and it was im possible to recognize in the anxious, cowed aspects of the men of the South, whose only care seemed now to be to avoid everything which could give of fense or would not be entirely pleasant to our Northern masters, the gallant spirits of the once proud Southern Confederacy, who had challenged the admiration of the world by their heroic defense of their country. All that was now left to us was to rescue the true his tory of that defense from oblivion and destruction, and to leave posterity to judge us and our cause by the testimony we should place before it. This, and this alone, is the scope and object of the Southern Historical Society. And for this I inaugurated in New Orleans, more than five years ago, the first step in a movement which now at last seems like ly to produce the result we have aimed at.” ANNUAL COTTON CROP REPORT. We are indebted to William B. Dana & Cos. , publishers of the Bailway Mon itor, Hunt’s Merchants’ Magazine, and the Commercial and Financial Chroni cle, for advance sheets of their “Annual Cotton Crop Report,” which we publish this morning to the exclusion of other matter. THE GREENESBORO SPEECH. Editors Chronicle and Sentinel: The Atlanta Constitution, of Septem ber 6th inst., contains a report of a speech made by Gov. Smith, on Friday, stli inst., at Greenesboro, to the farmers of old Greene, in which is found the fol lowing remarkable extract: “Every body had a lien except the farmers. — Doctors, lawyers, undertakers all had liens and leaned and liened on the farmers. We need directing minds in our Legislature.” As this report has now been before the public for a week and is found in a paper published in At lanta, it must be taken as correctly made. Is Gov. Smith’s statement of the law liens correct ? The code and the statute books both say it is not. The farmers need liens to protect them in their sales of cotton, corn, rice and other products —to protect them in sale of supplies and other articles of necessity to make crops—to protect them in sales of any article of personal property—to protect them in the renting of their real estate, and to protect them in sales of their real estate. Now, how does the law provide for these necessities ? Tho Code of Georgia, in section 1589, declares that cotton, corn, rice and other produots sold by planters or their agents on cash sale shall not be considered the property of the buyer or the ownership thereof given up until the same be fully paid for, al though it may have been delivered into tho possession of the buyer. In section 1599 there is found this further provis ion: “If any person engaged in the busi ness of buying cotton, corn or other produce sold by planters buys tho same for cash from the planter or his agent, and shall fail or refuse to pay for the same and disposes of the same before paying, he shall be guilty of the crime of embezzlement, and on conviction thereof be sent to the penitentiary for a time not less than one nor longer than five years.” The act of 1873 in its 6tli section gives to farmers the same lien when selling supplies or other articles of necessity to make crops, as is given to merchants, factors aud dealers in guano. Under the decision of the Supreme Court in 23 Ga. 205, a farmer or other person selling personal property, and giving credit for the same and actually delivering up the property to the pur chaser, may reserve to himself the title until payment, and such reservation will be good against creditors of aud purchaser from the buyer. Under the act of Feb ruary, 1873, landlords (a term which now includes a large majority of our farmers) are given a lien for rent superior to all liens but liens for taxes. Under the Code of Georgia farmers, like all other per sons selling real estate, may secure their purchase money by mortgage or bond for title. We conclude, then, as we began by saying that Governor Smith’s statement of the law of liens relating to farmers is not correct and not reliable. Lex. THE COTTON CROP. A Prospect For a Small Yield. Editors Chronicle and Sentinel : I see in your paper published reports of the cotton crop, said to be made up from so many letter writers from so many counties in the different States, from Galveston, Texas, to Richmond, Virginia. Can it be possible that there is a planter in the Cotton States —I mean one that is engaged in the culture of cot ton, one that examines his cotton crop once a week—that is helping to make up the fabulous reports of the heavy grow ing crop ? It is heartrending, humiliat ing and discouraging to the planter to see their labor, their energy and perse verance in the cultivation of their crop all blasted, or such an effort to blast their prospects just as they are about to put them upon the market, and that, too, by a class who make all their living by handling the cotton after it is carried to market. The truth will not be found out till it is too late for the planter, and this ring that is making these reports is aware of it. There is not, it is be lieved by planters of sound judgment, one man in ten in the State of Georgia that will make anything like the amount of cotton, on the same quantity of land, that he did last year. Let the ware house men compare the receipts of cot ton the 15th of this September with the receipts of the middle of last Septem ber, and see what the difference will be in all the markets South, and on the same day you will not find one-tenth' of the fanners of Georgia thut will toll you that he honestly believes that he has as much cotton to gather as he had at the same time last year. The continued rains, rot, rust and other disasters are now preying upon the crop to an unpre cedented extent. At this stage of the crop let me say what many planters, as well as myself believe these reports are intended for: They all, as I have said, make their living out of cotton by handling it in various ways, after it is carried to market ; they are satisfied, as well as the planter himself, that the crop will be short; they know the pro ducer is obliged to sell early ; they cry out heavy crop to throw the price lower if possible thau it now is, until they can buy up the bulk of the crop. Then it will come out that the crop is short, and they will have made their pile, and it is thought and feared that there are some men in old Augusta, that we had hoped better things of, that are, if not taking part, are winking at the scheme. Will the planters always nave to go with their heads and hearts bowed down under such ruling as this, or may we hope for relief from the action of the great masses of the planters that are seemingly just being waked up ? There is no doubt balm in store for the planters, which they can receive if they will act pru dently, and do no injustice to any living soul This ring or combination, from Galveston to New York, to put down the price of cotton, is anything you may please to call it, except justice to the producer, and the day may be when they may reap their reward. Planter. GEORGIA ITEMS. Large quantities of timber are being received in Savannah. Anew lodge of the Knights of Pythias has been organized in Macon. The Richings-Bemard Opera Troupe will visit Savannah this season. There have been received at Americus, 501 bales of the new crop of cotton. Nine cases in the Supreme Court on the Albany Circuit remain undisposed of. Mr. John F. Cardell, an old and re spected citizen of Savannah, died Mon day afternoon. Bishop Verot, formerly of this Diocese, but now of St. Augustine, Florida, preached in Savannah Sunday. A bold attempt to burglarize the resi dence of Mr. E. Guthrie, of Macon, fail ed from the thief’s going to sleep under a bed and snoring so loudly that he was discovered. NOTES OF A VISIT TO A PECULIAR PEOPLE. Their Worship and Every-Day Life. [From the New York World.] 1 Mount Lebanon, August 30. On the line of the New York and Har- I lem Extension Railroad, 150 miles north , from New York city, is a fertile and | beautiful valley, bounded on the east by 1 the Berkshire hills, and on the west anil south by the west range. The valley reaches from Lebanon Springs to with in a few miles of Albany on the north west, and is itself a succession of undu lating hills and vales. About a mile from Lebanon Station, overlooking this wide extent of country, is Mount Le banon, on the side of which are the dwellings aud about 7,000 acres of land belonging to that mystical body of celi bates called the Shakers. The -Mount Lebanon Society of Shakers is the principal of eighteen similar societies scattered in various States of the Union. _ The order is the outgrowth of a sect which arose in Man chester, England, in 1747, and was transferred to this country in 1774 by Ann Lee, who, under the guidance of a vision, left England for America, ac companied by eight brethren aud sis ters, and founded the first society at Watervliet, near Albany, where " she died in 1784 and where lie her bones. The founders of the order were Quakers, with whom the Shakers still agree in tho essential elements of their faith—in their rejection of the civil and ecclesi astical authority and military service, their objection to taking oaths, and to the use of superfluous dreßs and speech, their rejection of the sacrament and the common courtesies of society, and ill their belief in the revelations of the Holy Spirit. The marrying and giving in marriage they drop, live as celibates in the same household in brotherly and sisterly love, abandon all private prop erty for the common good, having, like the early Christians, “ all things in common.” Last Saturday evening I reached Leba non Springs in company with a friend. The sole object of our visit was to learn something by personal observation of the singular life of this.people. Sunday morning found us among the multitude who throng to see their peculiar mode of worship. Although mid-August the wind blew over the hills with October keen ness. A drive of a mile from the sta tion and the foot of the mount is reach ed. The ascent is gradual, and the roadway bordered on either side with rich Shaker farms under the highest state of cultivation. Above the summit rise the sombre perspectives of the Shaker buildings. On this day tho broad street dividing the village was crowded with vehicles’ of every grade from the farmer’s wagon to the most aristocratic coach, their occupants all bent on the same errand of eager curi osity. The Shaker meeting house is a per fectly plain white wooden building, one story high, closed with a low arched roof unadorned with steeple or belfry. The front is divided by two doors for the “world’s people” to enter, and at either end there is one for the brethren and sisters. In the interior ranged along one side were several rows of plain wooden benches for visitors. A single row of seats stood against the opposite wall, and a few were placed at the ends of the room, leaving a large square space in the centre of the house entirely unoccupied. Two plain box stoves standing at the extremes of the room and a row of pegs around the wall com pleted the furniture of the edifice. One Shaker brother was on hand at an early hour, acting as usher and regula tor of the sexes. As the hour for ser vice approached the eastern door noise lessly opened. A band of sixteen sis ters entered, and on tip-toe, with a sort of swaying motion, crossed the floor, which was polished up to enamel, to the opposite end of the room. They were uniformly clad in pearl-gray dresses of a rich, thin fabric, having coat-sleeves and round waists, from which hung straight skirts in overlapping plaits reaching nearly to the top of their low shoes of black cloth, leaving just enough of space to reveal thtf immaculate stock ing. Folded over the shoulders, in the form of a half square, were spotless neckerchiefs of white muslin. The eldresses wore silk crossed on the breast over chemisettes of white linen, but toned closely to the throat, where they were banded with high collars reaching to the chin. The hair was shingled closely to the head, over which were worn skull-caps of whitelace. The first two entered in single file, the others fol lowed by twos. They seated themselves on the benches, two at the end of the room, two at tho side, three nearer the centre, four immediately in front of them, and five in front of these. When all were seated each unfolded a large, white handkerchief which she carried, laid it across her lap and rested upon it her folded hands. Other bands entered at intervals in a similar manner. Some wore Shaker sun-bonnets and white or pale blue shawls, which they took oft' and hung upon the pegs. The part of the room devoted to women was soon filled. For some moments there was general silence. The white reflec tion from their caps and neck drapery gave to the faces of these women the wax en hue of death, and as they sat side by side in statuesque repose they seemed like so many resurrected bodies awaiting the ascension. Presently there was a shuffling sound. The brothers tip-toed in, and in the twinkling of an eye all was changed. By this time the outside pressure for entrance was great, and the brother usher blushed in his efforts to keep the commingling men and women of the mundane sphere from together entering the male door. "When all were seated the Shakers and Shakeresses ad vanced and formed separate lines through the centre of the hollow square, the front column headed respectively by Elder Frederick and Eldress An toinette. After the intoning of a.hymn by all the assembled order one of the brothers stepped from the ranks and uttered a few words of thanksgiving. A second hymn was followed by a request from another brother that no levity be indulged in by the assembly during the service. Elder Frederick Evans then advanced, and, facing the assembled strangers, proceeded to address them, first alluding to the principles of the Shakers’ faith, “the basis of which,” he said, “was to transer the back brain to the top brain, or in other words, to despise the pleasures of the body and to seek offspring of the soul.” He de nounced the present system of marriage as one of corruption, though not op posed to it under right conditions, and advocated celibacy as the higher life for men and women, fle rebuked women for their extravagance in dress, and ridiculed their absurd fashions—“their false hair and great hereafters. ” Com pared with the ancient Greek ideal, they would be regarded as monstrosi ties, requiring the name of woman written under them to know what they i were.” To the men he said: “You are a set of tyrants, every one of you, and you hold those women under you like the slaveholders of the South held their slaves. The social evil is the cause of your infernal government. The Shaker women manage their own concerns as well as the men do theirs.” Closing his remarks with a sharp rebuke for fining women SIOO for voting, he exhorted his followers to praise God with zeal, and resumed his place among the elders, who, with the deacons and eldresses and deaconesses, formed into two separate circles in the eentre of the room and sung lively songs, while the others in double lines marched round them in a kind of slow dance, moving their extend ed hands in time with the music. The dancs concluded, a fair young sister made an almost inaudible speech. She was followed by Eldress Antoinette, who gave a fervent exhortation, in clear, sympathetic voice, full of warning and entreaty. The audience, who had listen ed throughout the service with great de ference, was then dispersed. The next daj we saw something of their every-day life while being received for a few hours by the North family, who occupy three large substantial houses. We reached them about one o’clock and were received by Eldress Antoinette, wao extended to each a warm hand of welcome, and invited us to rest in a pleasant sitting room, plainly fur nished, but tie perfection of sweetness. After a few moments she withdrew to direct dinner prepared for us, and left ns in the society of Sister Jane, whose pale, sweet fa®> seemed more of angel than mortal, -the presently conducted us to an oppaite building,’ where, in a small, neat r>om, upon a mahogany table, were delicious brown and white bread, sweet 'resh bntter and cream, warm meat aid vegetables, preserved fruits and paitrv spread in generous quantity, and simply but deliciously cooked. Her* we dined alone and were waited upon by another sister, with beautiful dark "eyes and rosy cheeks, J who, before bidding her visitors fare j well, said to the younger, “The world I can give no happiness compared to that ! realized by the pure life of a celibate.” Eldress Antoinette is a handsome wo ! man of sixty years, though looking not | more than fifty. She has great natural I ability, a highly-cultivated mind, and j familiar acquaintance with the ways of j the outside world and some of its con- I spicuous resident -. She is interesting I and sparkling in conversation, and is | associated with Elder Evans as the edi j tress of the Shaker and Shakeress, a ( high-toned monthly published by the | United Society. During the afternoon I she conducted us through two of their I largest buildings, in one of which are many industrial departments, such as knitting, spinning, cloth and straw weaving, where the younger sisters were engaged, and by whom we were invaria bly met by smilling faces of welcome. Asa mark of favor we were allowed to inspect the well filled larder and im proved culinary and labor-saving con veniences, many of which the Shakers have originated. We then visited the barn, which is a model of conveniences It is three stories high, and is built on the side of a hill, so that wagons are driven into the third story from the roadside. The lower story is appro priated for stalling cattle. We scaled the ladder leading from the third story, and stepped out on the roof, which commands the entire Shaker vil lage—work shops, barns, store houses, gardens, orchards, and farms. The New Lebanon Society numbers 500 bro thers and sisters, in all eight families. A large proportion of their land is devoted to fuel, timber, and sheep, and the culti vation of the Shaker garden seeds, herbs and fruits so famed for their quality. Elder Frederick Evans, who is a na tive of England, has been for forty years a leading member of this order, and has written a little sketch of his life, in which we are told that at one time he was a Communist, belonging to the Rob ert Owen school, aud has traveled from the stage of free thought and material ism to the higher region in which he now lives. , During the time he has been among the Shakers he has averaged four hours of hard work each day aside from his religious duties, and for forty years has tasted no meat. He is affable in manner and interesting in conversation, and as a speaker, when expounding his peculiar faith, is earnest and forcible. In conversation with him we learn that there are some seventy communi ties on the basis of the Shaker prin ciples in America. Where several of these communities have lands adjoining they form a society—some societies being composed of eight families, others of three or four, and so on, there being in all about seventy small communities holding their property in common, in which the males and females enjoy equal rights and privileges, are equally repre sented in the government of the society or the community, all the offices being filled equally by males and females standing in correspondent relation. A foundational idea of their belief is that deity itself is dual—a heavenly father and a heavenly mother reigning over this world of ours—and that there fore all true normal government should be based upon the same foundation re cognizing the existence of tho two per manent elements in humanity—-the male and the female. That the second appearing of Christ in the person of Ann Lee, who founded the Church of God on the earth and styled herself “Ann the Word.” The Christ-spirit was that xvhich was promised xvhen man fell—that the seed of the woman should bruise the serpent’s head; that Christ is a sphere surrounding diety—the seventh sphere—and stands in relation to all the globes in existence, with all the inhabi tants of the countless worlds that roll in our astronomical universe. The -Shakers are ruled entirely by spiritual principles and teachings, their tents, as they claim, being strengthened daily by intercourse with the spirit world. THE STOKES CASE. 0 A New and Important Witness Se- Long Search and Brilliant Ari'estjfr/. New York Detectives. (From the Now York Post.] Siuce the murder of James Fisk in the Grand Central Hotel on the evening of January 6, 1872, the police and detec tives have been earnestly working to discover the whereabouts of a woman who was then boarding in the hotel, and who, it was said, saw Stokes throw away the revolver and pick it up. As this woman is a very important witness in the case, no expense was spared in the search, and it is said that no less than $5,000 has been paid to different per sons, who either pretended to know something about her, or really thought they could put the police on her track. Many tiresome days and nights were spent by the detectives in huuting for her, and although they several times thought they had discovered her retreat in houses, both in this and other cities, she managed to elude their vigilance. At one time word was received by the officers engaged in the case that the woman they were looking for was in Chicago with a General in the army. The officers lost no time in going to that city, and to the place where they had received information that she was con cealed. They were again doomed to disappointment, however, ns they could not learn anything about her being there, and they were again forced to re turn to New York. It was then thought by several of the police authorities that some person in the interest of Stokes was keeping this woman out of the way, and was also sending the officers on the wrong track, while the woman was in hiding either in this city, or some city adjoining. About six months ago two detectives received special instructions to hunt up this woman, and a few days after re ceived information that she was in Phil adelphia. On arriving in the city the detectives found the place where she had been living, but only to learn that she had left there that morning, and they could not ascertain in which direc tion she had gone. After a short time they again got upon her track and fol lowed her from place to place until they nearly tired out with the search, and ; asked to be relieved from the task, giv ing as their reasons that they had fol lowed her so steadily for some months that they were known by all her friends, who no doubt gave information of all their movements. The officers were then allowed to give up the chase, and very little more was done in the matter until last week, when Captain Irving, of the detective force, learned that the woman was in this city. The Captain gave the case into the hands of Detectives Tully and Dilks, of Central Office, who have, already made some very good arrests. These officers took charge of the case and went to work on Friday last, and learned that night that the “mysterious woman” was in a house up town. They immediately proceeded to the place, and ! for eighteen consecutive hours watched I the house, and then learned that she ‘ had left the place. The officers then re j solved to work more cautiously, but did not hear anything more of her until Monday last, when they tracked her to a house in the Twenty-ninth precinct. This time they were tolerably sure of their success, and determined not to be again beaten. They therefore secured the assistance of several other officers, whom they placed about the house in such a manner that it was impossible for any person to leave or enter it with out being seen. After their preparations had all been completed they managed to get into the house by stratagem, and on going to a room on the second floor, found the wo men, about whom so much had been said and written, in company with a General of the army. The woman on learning their business admitted that she was beaten at last, and yielded with a good grace, saying that she was tired of trying to elude the police. The officers then concluded to watch the woman during the night, that she might not slip through their fingers, and Detective Dilks lay down on the mat in front of the door, while Tully took up his station on a chair beside the General. The woman, who was now a prisoner, and whose name is Minnie J. Benton, and the widow General Benton, of the Confederate army, was allowed to sleep on a lounge in the room, and in this way the night was passed. Yesterday morning a carriage was sent for, and the officers, in company with the General and Mrs. Benton, entered it and were driven to Police headquarters, where they were closeted with the Su perintendent for some time, after which they again entered the carriage and were driven to the District Attorney’s office, where Mrs. Benton was held in default of 85000 bail. She was then taken to the House of Detention, where she now is. It is said that this is the only wit ness of whom the Stokes family are afraid of. THE FARMERS OF ILLNOIS. I Views of Secretary S. M. Smith-An Elaborate Speech at Carrollton—The Winchester Speech Reviewed—Sus picious Wealth otHreat Corporattous —How it is no Suddenly Accumulated —The Way Combinations Are Formed —How the Farmers Are Made to Sell Cheaply. [By telegraph to the Tribune.) Chicago, September 7. —The Tribune to-morrow publishes, for the first time, the very elaborate speech made on Wed nesday by S. M. Smith, Secretary of the Farmers’ State Association of Illinois, to the farmers at Carrollton. This ad dress is intended to supersede the speech Mr. Smith made at Winchester, some time ago, which was imperfectly reported, and has been somewhat mis understood, and is designed as a studied and deliberate exposition of Mr. Smith’s own views, and of the bearings of the Farmers’ Movement, as he understands it. It is temperate in tone, but some of its suggestions for the industrial organi zation and political action of farmers are strongly put. In regard to his Win chester speech, he said: For a purpose evident enough, the re port of my Winchester speech of August 9 has been published in every paper which does not happen to agree with me politically, especially all over this State and the State of lowa. I have had hun dreds of copies of papers sent to me with marked articles criticising this so called report of my Winchester speech. Allow me to say that the words “blood and anarchy” never came into my speech. I didn’t say I would take my boys and go to the State capital aud help ride the villains out on a rail, al though I believe they deserved it. If I had mentioned it, I wouldn’t have said more than that I believed they deserved it; but I did not say it. I did say, and this is my very language—and mark now, for I want to be particularly hon est, what my remarks were—l said, in referring to the manner in which our legislators had betrayed our trust and sold out our rights and interests again and again, that they were elected to carry out certain purposes, and had failed to do so over and over again, and that the interests of the laboring and producing classes of the whole country, not merely of this State but of the whole of the United States, had been sold out over and over again to monopolists of every sort and character, and I added, there is no law on our statute books by which we can reach them and punish them for that crime of betraying the la boring people of the country. I said I was very much inclined to adopt a pun ishment suggested by an indignant friend of mine when our legislators ad journed last Winter after voting to come back and spend another Winder and take another half million out of our pockets which we had to pay in corn at 20 cents a bushel, which punishment was to treat the members to a coat of tar and feathers and ride them out of their counties cn a rail. Now see how you can make a speech read when yon take expressions that were uttered at least an hour apart and put them into a sentence. What I said about my boys was something like this : Speaking of the magnitude of this movement, how chronic the wrong was we suffered from, and how this evil—that we had no voice in fixing a price upon our labor—had come down to us from the feudal ages, I said I did not expect to live to see the full fruition of my hopes in this country, but that I would bequeath the fight to my boys with the injunction that they should never leave it until all their rights under our constitution and laws were guaranteed to them, and they had seem ed the dearest of all rights to an Ameri can freeman—that of fixing the price upon their own labor. That is the con nection in which I mentioned my boys, and no other. I did say that when I was a boy we used to shoot crows and hang them up on a pole in the corn field as a terror to evil-doers [laughter], and I said perhaps the time might come when, if every other remedy failed, we might hang some men about the coun try in that same way as a terror to evil doers; but I believed the remedy for all the evils of which we complained was the powerful remedy of the ballot box. That is the language which has been so tortured, and this is enough on that point. I have, however, this comfort ing reflection in regard to all that has been said and all the flings at me in re lation to that speech, that if you want to find were the best apples are, go into the orchard aud look for the tree under which you will find the most clubs. There is no mistake about that rule. Whence comes this wrong—the fact that, notwithstanding all this immense production of all the necessaries of hu man life, our farms are still under mort gage. Take another fact and put it with this one—that a careful estimate made in 1866, when we were nearer out of debt than we have ever been in the his tory of this country since the high prices of the war enabled us to pay off more mortgages and personal debts than du ring any previous period of our existence. The personal debt of the United States was $1,900,000,000. Three-quarters of that, or about $1,500,000,000 was borne by the agriculturists of the United States. When you consider that this latter sum has to be carried at an aver age rate of ten per cent, per annum, is it any wonder that we are poor ? Couple with this another fact, that the annual in crease of the wealth of the United States for any decade during the very best pe riod of our existence has never exceeded 3J per cent.—that is, the agriculturists are actually carrying $1,500,000,000 at 10 per cent, while the products of industry nowhere, taking it all through, have ex ceeded 3| per cent. Is it then any won der you are poor, and that each year the whole agricultural population of the United States is growing poorer and poorer, while those who handle the products of our labor are growing richer and richer ? Take Commodore Vanderbilt for ex ample, and suppose that 20 years ago he was worth $5,000,000, and that to-day he is worth $80,000,000; how has he accu mulated $60,000,000 in 20 years ? Mark it, he never earned a dollar in his life, and yet he has gotten into his hands $60,000,000 in 20 years. I mighi stop right here and not say another word on the subject, for here is sufficient proof that there is something wrong in this business, owing to which this man has accumulated so much. How did he do it? Has he rendered an equivalent in the service lie has performed for us in transporting our productions to market, or has he not? That is the question. If he has not, then we have been wronged at just so much money. For everything beyond a fair &nd reasonable equivalent for the service rendered is just as much stolen from us as if he held a pistol at your head and said: “Your money or your life;” taking it because you had no pistol and he was the stronger. It is useless to try to dodge this propo sition, for it can’t be done. When a man who has earned nothing by pro ductive industry, but who has simply handled the products of labor, has accu mulated that amount in a number of years, it is a proof that something is wrong. The whole wrong lies in this, that we are getting too little for our pro ducts, and those who handle them are getting too much. Col. Coleman has shown you what it costs to get a bushel of corn or wheat to market from where he lives in Missouri, and we all know what it costs here, and that we pay three-fourths of the product of our labor to get the other fourth to market. If this is so, who fixes the price upon your labor ? What have you to say in regard to its price any more than did the slave of the South in the days of his worst estate ? We are, in act, in a condition of slavery unless we can control the price of our own labor. If you fix the price of my labor you cir cumscribe my actions and fix me to one plan for my life-time, without opportu nity for rest or recreation. How do the monopolists get these prices ? Take the plowmen of this State; all have their annual conventions. They come to j gether and agree that they will havejust so much for plows during that year, no matter what we may get for our pro ducts; and for the last two years they have asked 100 per cent, on the cost of production. Thus that combination makes a monopoly of the plow business. No matter what agent or manufacturer you buy of you have to pay the same per cent. There are my friends, the pork packers, from all the principal cities in the Union, who last year met and combined to fix the price of pork— i you know this as well as I—St. Louis, i Milwaukee, Chicago, Louisville and i Cincinnati came together just as they are going to convene next week at Cincin nati, and fixed the price of our pork for the coming year just as cooly as the master sold the slave or the products of his labor. Last year they fixed the price upon your pork at $4 a hundred, live weight, and they would buy all there is in the West at the same rate. Os course they got it, and if they had fixed the price at $25 they would have had it. I only got $3 25. Probably the high price for freight made the difference in your case. What right had they to do this ? Certain people denounce me because I use strong language. Colonel Coleman called these pork men scoundrels, and I believe its a good word, for the man xvlio robs me is a scoundrel. They combined to rob us. The scoundrels came to gether and fixed their price, and the pork began coming in. The men who were in debt, and whose notes for these reapers and mowers had matured, sold first, and when they were through the stream stopped. It costs as much to run a packing house on half time as it does for whole time, and as the pork did not come in they put the price up forty cents a hundred, aud that started the stream again ; and the next set of men whose notes for reapers and corn-planters had matured sent in another lot. When that was worked np the pork-packers put tip the price another forty cents, and an other lot came along. 1 admit that there are very many rich farmers in onr coun try, but the rich ones are the exception, and the poor ones the rule. That is the difference. But did your rich men, who do not owe a dollar in the world, and who have their farms stocked aud paid stop to think who fixed the price on your pork ? Why, the men who owned the first notes for reapers aud Bold the first lot of hogs fixed the price of yours ! The price of your products, be it what It may, is determined by the figure at which those who must sell dispose of theirs. Those who must sell fix the price for those who need not. Is it not then worth while to have a union of all interests to come together and be brothers in fact as in name ? We can protect each other, and while we protect our poor neighbor and assist him over a tight place we are protecting ourselves, because if he must sell at 20 cents that fixes the price upon our corn. Combination xvill beat com bination. It is to yonr interest to come together in these farmers’clubs, granges, organizations, and combinations, for a common purpose, xvhicli is the mutual self-protection of the whole people. Did you ever stop to think, my frieud, that not a single locomotive nor car can be ran over these prairies of ours without the oil manufactured from the hog, and with which they grease their wheels ? Shut down on yonr pork for one season, and you dry up every locomotive in the State. They cannot run a day xvitliout you, nor can people do xvitliout pork as an article of food, without lard, or yonr other products. The wheels of the world will not go unless you grease them with the products of your toil. When you come together aud outer into a combination of this sort by your State, county, township, or precinct associa tions, one auxiliary to the other all the way up, aud when tho machinery is per fect, I say you have a combination that is irresistible, for the reason that you hold in your hands the breadstuff's which feed the world, and when you look at your corn cribs and granaries and refuse to open them, you bring tho world to your feet at once, because it cannot exist one day without you. Increase in taxation, then, is another wrong which wo have brought upon our selves, and we might as well look it squarely in the face and right it. When I went on the farm 17 years ago it took a $lO gold piece to pay the taxes, and now it takes seven and a half of them, which is an advance of a little over 700 per cent. But xvliat corresponding benefit have I, in God’s name, for that in crease of taxes ? Is it not time for us to look into it, and inquire of our pub lic servants how it happens that our taxes increase, and what they give us in exchange for them ? Did yon know that they are multiplying officers nnd ex penses, and voting away thousands upon thousands of dollars with a perfect dis regard of the interest of the tax-payers? I am told that a county hot a hundred miles from here used to run for S3OO a year, and now it costs $2,500. Did you ever stop to think that it takes the pro duct of a whole township to feed a Judge? Onr Cironit Judge eats up all we can earn in a township in a year. Is not he a monstrous cater? Is it not time wo tried to look into this matter and see if we could not get soma man who would eat less ? It costs too much to board that kind of cattle. Think of what you are getting for your products, and what you are paying for his service. Is there any reason, justice or light iu all this? Mr. Smith then touched upon the salary grab, which he roundly de nounced. Os President Grant he said: “The President who signed that bill which put SIOO,OOO his pocket is not one bit better in myfestimation than the men who voted for it and took the steal. You will pardon me for using such harsh expressions as that when 1 tell you I have been a Itepublican ever since the party started, and went right straight along with it. But, thank God, I did not vote for Gen, Grant the last time. I have not that sin to answer for, at any rate. But let me say Ido not feel a bit better about it, and I do not think I degraded myself a bit more voting for him the first time than any Democrat who voted for James Buchan an. I should think there is but little to choose between them.” In pursuing this political topic, Mr. Smith spoke of the Democratic party, which, he said, died 12 years ago. Still ho wanted to fix it as the boy did the dog: “I know he is dead, but I want to make him deader.” The people have spewed it out of their mouths because of its corruption, and they will spew the Republican party out of their mouths for the same season. No reform is possible within the ex isting parties. History has proven that no reform was ever yet worked inside the party or sect in which originated the corruptions complained of. Prom Mar tin Luther down all the great social, po litical and religious reforms that have ever been accomplished began clear down among the common people and worked upwards, while all oppressions, wrongs and corruptions began up yonder and worked downward. When I began this movement I said I would seek to accomplish these reforms inside of the Republican party if I can, outside of it if I must. But that salary grab, the action of our Legislature last Winter, of the Republican Legislature of Indiana upon this matter last Winter, and that of the lowa Legislature, which snubbed the Grangers, have convinced me that there is no redress for us inside any party organization except our own. I have been voted—that is the word—ever since I was 21, and now I am going to vote; that is the difference. I have been led up to the polls all these years like cattle, and have been voted. Now, in God’s name, let us go to voting. When you do that you will make the “fur fly.” When you decide that yon will do not, you will see more than one fellow around with hay seed in his hair and in his clothes. My advice is simply this—to vote as farmers. Did you ever stop to think that you had throe fifths and a fraction over of all the votes in this State ? Yet, with all that numerical superiority, what have you done in electing men to office to protect your interests ? Think what power you have. Is it any wonder that these fellows are ready to bow right down to us when they think of the pow er we hold as voters ? Is it any wonder that they are willing to concede to us a great many things and a great many rights they have always denied to us heretofore ? As for myself, so help me Heaven, no man who has once betrayed my trust, no man who took that salary steal, from the President down to the lowest of them, will ever get my vote for any office whatever, not even for post master; and I say, as I did on the Fourth of July* that if any one of these men is ever selected again outside of certain large cities, it will be agricultural votes that will elect them. And I said, and repeat the expression, that if they are thus elected you deserve to go right in and work thirty months to pay them for one in the public service, ts you are wronged in the future do not complain, for you have it in your power to remedy the evil by these combinations; but let them be for good, mind you, not for evil. Let us combine. I saw a man at our National Congress who said : “When I left Southwesterly Georgia I paid a dollar a bushel for your prairie com. I come out here and I find that you are getting 20 cents a bushel for it, and that therefore somebody got 80 cents for fetching it to me. You ought to have half a dollar for that corn, and I ought to get it for 75 cents; and then the fellows who fetch it to us would get 25 cents instead of 80, and that would equalize the thing. I would rather pay 75 cents than sl, and you never ought to raise a bushel of corn for less than half a dollar.” And so say I. You never should sell a bushel short of half a dol lar, and you can have it the moment you will. If vour poor neighbors must sell, furnish them the money; make up a purse for them, lend them the money on NUMBER 39. their cribs and enable them to hold on till the price is up. People cannot eat dry goods and nails; but we can be self supporting on a farm; and there is where we have got the advantage, for we can make our farms support us, as we did when I was a boy, when wo spun linen and muslin, or made everything we used. l hey must have our products, and the power to fix a price upon them is in our hands the moment we get ready for it, and that within a year if we are wise in this matter. First begin by organizing everywhere; not for extortion, not for robbery, but to execute the first law of nature—that of self-protection. Organ ize, that one may bo strong against the many. W hile segregated we are weak; aggregated we are a power which will bo irresistable for good to ourselves. SHIPWRECK ON THE LAKES. Loss of the Steamer Ironsides—Four teen Bodies Recovered* Grand Haven, Mioh., September 15. —The propeller Ironsides, of the Eng lernanu Line, connecting with the De troit and Milwaukee Railway, and one of the largest steamers on the Lakes, found ed and sunk seven miles off this port at noon to-day. Her signal of distress was hoisted at 9, a. m., but so terrible was the sea and heavy the wind, no as sistance could reach her. She labored in the trough of the sea from about 8:30, a. in., until tho time she sunk. The passengers and crew prepared boats to leave her at about 10:30 o’clock and tho last boat left at 11:50. When the last boat had got about a quarter of a mile from her she went down. There were five boats filled with the crew aud pas sengers. One boat, containing five men aud four women, capsized and only one man of tho party reached the shore. Four boats have reached the shore up to this time. One boat, containing Capt. Sweetman and wife and five passengers, has not yet been heard from. It is feared they are among the lost. Thirty passengers are known to have been saved and fourteen bodies recovered. St. Catharines, Canada, September 15-—The yacht Sphinx was picked up with a man clinging toiler sides, wliore ports three lost. Chicago, September 16.—Special dis patches from Grand Haven, Michigan, give the following account of the foun dering of the propeller Ironsides off that port: N. B. Watkins, olork of the boat, says: We left Milwaukee at 9:10 o’clock, Sunday night, with nineteen passengers and a crew of thirty men, and were due in Grand Haven between 5 aud 6 o’clock Monday morning. The cargo consisted of thirteen thousand bushels of wheat, five hundred barrels flour, one hundred and tweuty-fivo barrels pork and some miscellaneous articles. This was a very large cargo, since the boat could only carry eleven hundred tons. A moderate breeze was blowing from the southwest, which constantly increased until it be came a terrific gale before day. I did not get up before 9 o’clock, when the boat was rolling fearfully. I went im mediately below and found the men working at the pumps. The water had already put out tho fires and the engines were useless. I then went to the office aud got the passengers’ register, the money and manifests, and went on tho hurricane deck, where I found Cap tain Sweetman getting the foresail in. He was perfectly self-possessed and the men obeyed his orders promptly. Wo were then about three miles from shore. The signal of distress had been raised at 9:30. About 10 o’clock the passengers all put on life preservers, for it was evident that the vessel must go down.— At 11:20 the captain ordered the boats to be manned. In the first boat all the lady passengers, except one, were placed. In the second boat, there were from ten to twelve passengers aud tho crew. I took cliargo of the third boat which carried seven passengers, including one lady and two of the crew besides myself—ail of whom were saved. After I had pushed off I saw two or throe other boats leave the wreck, in one of which I supposed the captain to bo. My boat was hardly one-half mile from the Ironsides when sho sunk stern foremost, about five miles from the shore. It was ten menutes past 12 when she disappeared. She was estimated to be worth about $115,000. She was thoroughly overhauled last Wintor, and was considered one of tho staunchest boats on the lake. Grand Haven, September 17.—Fur ther particulars of the Ironsides disas ter have been obtained from passengers and others. The last boat did not leave in time to get far enough from the steamer before she went down, and was drawn into a whiolpool and swamped. The first boat which left the stoaincr, containing a majority of ladies, was cap sized, and only one of the passengers succeeded in reaching the shore. Tlio second and third boats reached the shore. Eighteen bodies have been re covered. Seven romain unclaimed, who have been decently buried. REVENUE AFFAIRS. Decisions Relating to Tobacco Dealers and Planters. Washington, September 17.—Tho Commissioner of Internal Revenue calls attention to the act of Congress of De cember 24, 1872, requiring every person liable to special tax to exhibit conspicu ously in his place of business the stamp denoting the payment of such tax, and directs that persons engaged in selling tobacco or cigars on railroad trains be required to have their tax stamp proper ly framed, so that it may be liung up in a conspicuous place in tho ear whore such sales are authorized to be made at retail. The Commissioner of Internal Reve nue decides that a planter engaged in making a crop on shares is not liable to pay tho special tax as a dealer in manu factured tobacco, when furnished in supplies to hands employed—such to bacco to be paid for out of crop pro duced. The Commissioner says the law does not impose this tax upon every person who shall sell or offer for sale, as in the case of liquor dealers, but upon every person whose business it is to sell or offer for sale manufactured tobacco, and he does not think furnishing hands with tobacco, to be paid for as stated, constitutes such a business as the law contemplates. SOUTH AMERICA. Aid For the Cuban Republic. Panama, September 6. —Dates from Valparaiso to the 23d of August, six days later than the regular mail, have been received here. Chili, like Peru, is suf fering lrom great stringency in the money market. Some failures are re ported, and others are expected. Tho country’s prospective condition and monetary troubles are only of a tempo rary nature. Tho southern provinces have been visited by severe storms of wind and rain, causing considerable damage afloat and on shore, and some loss of life. At last Peru has yielded to the urgent solicitations of a Cuban diplomatic agent in Lima, ami has ordered her legations and consulates abroad to afford all possible protection to Cuban citizens, authorizing them to issue passports to patriots, and to per form all necessary duties requisite for the proper legislation of wills and other documents. This resolution of the President has met with general approval, and La Patria, one of the leading papers of Lima, suggests to the Government the propriety of furnishing the struggling Cubans with twenty thousand muskets and two million rounds of cartridges. Acquiesence in this indication may bo expected. Escape of a Forger. Loui.svu.le, September 17.—Morton, the forger, got on the Indianapolis train last night at 10:30 o’clock. Tho cashier and book-keeper of the l’armer’f and Drovers’ Bank were in'the same car, looking for him. When the train was three hundred yards north of Jeffer sonville, Morton was recognized by the cashier, and running through the ear lie jumped from the platform while tho train was in motion, and escaped. Po lice and detective officers from this city and Jeffersonville are searching for him. Steam Navigation. Phu.adei.phia, September 17.—The Second Annual Convention of the Na tional Board of Steam Navigation met at the Continental to-day, and was call ed to order by President Thomas Sher lock, of Cincinnati. Delegates are present from New York, Massachusetts, Maine, New Jersey, Missouri, Indiana, Kentucky,Ohio,Pennsylvania, Connecti cut, and Maryland. Other delegates are on the way. Two gay und gallant Spartans went twenty-five miles a few nights ago, sere naded their lady loves and made their return all between suns. Who can beat it ? Those young men are in earnest.
