Newspaper Page Text
EfttonfrU atft SentmtL
WEDNESDAY... .SEPT’BEftI, 1875.
THE PRESS AND THE RECENT
TROUBLES.
We have pnblished from day to day
the comments of leading journals of the
country upon the recent troubles in
Middle Georgia. We have done this in
order that the people of the State may
know how the matter is considered out
of the South. The publication of these
extracts is continued this morning.
One of the extracts is from the Balti
more American —the leading Republi
can journal of Maryland—and deserves
some notice at our hands. The writer
concludes that the whole affair w* a
hoax which could have been exposed
and all the excitement quieted by one
courageous paper with nerve enough to
breast the torrent. The American says
that the Chronicle and Sentinel, at
first warned the people that the affair
was a hoax, but that subsequently it
grew frightened and shaped its utter
ances to suit the clamors of the populace.
This statement is wholly incorrect and
does the Chronicle and Sexiihbl great
injustice. When the order, issued by
Harris and approved by Morris and
Btvkbs, was first published we did not
attach any importance to it. Upon its
face, notwithstanding its bloody com
mands, it seemed a patent and palpable
absurdity. A demonstration made by the
same parties several weeks before had
ended in nothing, and an alarm at Bar
tow, in Jefferson county, was discovered
to have originated fn the assemblage of
a number of negroes for a fishing excur
sion. We naturally supposed that the
order found on the drill ground in
Washington county might be a hoax
gotten np by some silly or malignant
person for the purpose of alarming the
whites and we were anxious that the
latter should not be taken in by the
deception or be hurried into any act of
rashness or of violence. But afterwards,
when it seemed to be ascertained be
yond the possibility of a doubt that the
order was not a forgery, that it had been
written by Harris, that its genuineness
was corroborated by other circumstances,
that prisoners who had been captured
made confessions of the plot—then we
had no longer any roason to advise the
white people to sit down calmly and
with folded hands to await the commis
sion of an overt act insurrection. To
have done this would have been to assist
in bringing about the violence and the
bloodshed whiclk we were so anxious to
prevent. What we counselled was that
the troubles should be quelled and the
guilty patties punished with the
machinery furnished by the law. We de
sired to prevent lawlessness. Great as
was the provocation given the whites to
right their own wrongs, we wished them
to await the action of the legal judges
and juries of the country. This was the
counsel given by every paper in the
State, and it has been fruitful of good
resultß. What might have been a for
midable and savage rising of one race
against another, has been quelled with
out striking a single blow, without shed
ding a single drop of blood. The law is
supreme, and is obeyed and respected
by whites and blacks alike. The excite
ment has passed away; apprehension
and alarm liavo ceased to exist; the rank
and file of the insurrectionists have been
allowed to return to their homes, and
only the most prominent of the leaders
aro detained for trial and punishment.
The existence of such a condition of
affairs is due, we think, in no small de
gree to the prudent oounsols of the
Georgia press. Tho papers of the State do
not deserve to be taunted with cowardice
for their conduct in this affair. As to
the propriety of publishing alarming
statements and bloody reports wo must
differ from the American. It is the
business of a newspaper to publish
news; to give to the public everything
which is likely to prove interesting.
Alarming as were the newspaper reports,
and exaggerated as some of them may
have been, others yet wilder would have
circulated from mouth to mouth if there
had been no press in existence. Con
cealment has always provon poor policy,
and generally causes the very evils which
it is designed to prevent.
GIVE THE NAMES.
Wo publish elsewhere this morning
an extract from tho address recently de
livered before tho Southern Historical
Society by ox-Gov. Vanoe, of North
Carolina. Gov. Vanoe stated in his
speoch that after the failure of the
Hampton Road’s Conference he was
visited by Gov. Graham, then Confed
erate States Senator from North Caro
lina, and requested to take steps for
making soparato terms with President
Lincoln for his State in order that
other States might be induced to take
part in the movomeut. Gov. Graham
stated that ke came as tho representa
tive and at the request of a number of
the leading men in Richmond—chiefly
Senators and Representatives in the
Confederate Congress. Upon being
pressed he gave the names of the traitors
at the Confederate capital who had
dispatched him upon this mission
of treachery. This revelation by
Gov. Vanoe conveys startling informa
tion to the people of the South, but wo
respectfully submit that they are enti
tled to know more that Gov. Vanoe has
seen fit to tell. He has given but half
the story; the most important portion
is yet to come. Gov. Vance has not
told the names of these “ leading’’
traitors—“chiefly Senators and Repre
sentatives in the Confederate Congress"
—who wished to desert the Government
to which they had sworn allegiance, and
make separate terms with the enemy.
The people have a right to this informa
tion, and Gov. Vanoe cannot justly with
hold them. Some of these men may be
now the chosen and trusted leaders of
the people whom they attempted to so
foully betray. They should be known
of all men, in order that they may be
given no further opportunity for treache
ry. Justice, too, to the true and loyal
men in the Confederate States Senate
and House of Representatives and in the
other departments of the Confederate
Government demands that their treach
erous associates should be exposed. As
long as the unfaithful remain unknown
the most faithful may be suspected as
traitors. Gov. Vanoe must substantiate
the serious charge he has made. Give
us the names of the traitors.
The Cincinnati Gazette says that
scientific theorists have endeavored to
prove by statistics that crime increases
with the heat of the weather. July, ac
cording to their figures, is much more
prolific of assaults, murders, etc., than
any of the cooler months. There may
be a degree of truth in the idea that
there is a connection between literal and
figurative hot blood, but there are
scores of modifying influences. A la
boring man, for example, who is kept
hard at work during the warm months,
and only paid off as Winter approaches,
would be much more likely to go on a
spree when money was plenty and leis
ure unlimited than at any other time.
Then, too, the offenses which provoke a
crime committed in the heat of passion
are often ones not instigated by passion
or mere impulse, but which are pretty
sore to drive the injured person to
frenzy. The present Summer has been
an nnusually cool one, yet we do not
reoollect any season when acts of mur
derous violence have been more frequent
in all parts of the oountry. Crimes of
deliberations, such as attempts to pois
on, have also been abundant. There is
certainly more than ordinary demoral
ization all the land over, and it often
manifests itself in the most unexpected
quarters. Some more potent cause than
hot weather most be found for this con
dition of things.
We now have the fact established in a
Court of law that the devil is a person
ality; and this is, in its way, a great
comfort. — Philadelphia Press. We
suppose our contemporary refers to the
“printer’s devil”—don’t it?
THE “NATIONAL UNION PARTY.”
The Philadelphia Record says the
new “National Union party,” whose
delegates met in Boston on Saturday,
begins its career by a series of “safe
hits” at what everybody else is denounc
ing. Bat we doubt very much if a pro
digious political edifice is ever built up
on a “platform of platitudes.” One of
the early statements of the principles of
the now party, whose probable candi
dates are said to be Banks, of Massa
chusetts, and Lamar, of Mississippi
(and very able men these are), was that
“ the issues of the war are past and re
conciliation is a fact. Let the currency
alone, bnild up the credit of the nation
until its notes are worth dollar for dol
lar, put honest men in office, save the
millions now being stolen and pay off
the national debt." These ideas were
somewhat expanded in a commonplace
preamble and ten commonplace resolu
tions, at the first meeting ot the dele
gates of the party on Saturday. Take,
for example, the second Jteolution,
which declares that “ the has fully
come when the people resume
their sway over the nation
and organize anew, which
is useless or dangerous
of the past and adopting ißßmeasn res
as are adapted to the changeScondition
of the country.” We cant* imagine
anybody seriously disputing e propo
sition thus laid down, wbatffier party
he may belong to; nor canffie clearly
see the great necessity for a 9* organ
ization in order to convinceffixe people
of what everybody admits, ■gain, the
fourth resolution in this series
declares that officers more
careful of the nation’s tnotJlHan they
are of their own, and
outlays' and ornamental be
discontinued, while the previous resolu
tion had declared that “dishonesty in
public office is a benious crime, which
should be more severely punished by
law than onr statutes at present pro
vide.” The positiveness with which
this proposition is announced, to make
up for the dodging of disputable ones,
reminds one of tho candidate for the
Presidency, immortalized by Hosea
Biomjw, who, after adopting an “eclec
tic” policy and shnnning any decisive
position which anybody could possibly
disapprove, declared *with a sadden
burst of energy that “My love for the
North and South is eqnal, so I’ll just
answer plump and frank, no matter
what may be the sequel—yes, sir, I am
agin a bank ! ”
The sixth of the resolutions remarks,
with most indisputable truth, that great
combinations, monopolies and corpora
tions, which tend to concentrate capital
and oppress the people, should be under
the strict supervision of law. This pro
position, as thns. put, is entirely safe
and ntterly unobjectionable, even to
great combinations, monopolies and cor
porations, as is also the seventh, name
ly, that every effort should be made to
secure to the farmer and manufacturer
the full reward for their labor, and to
make the transactions of trade conve
nient and secure.
The eighth resolution remarks that
every promise of the nation should be a
sacred pledge for the fulfillment of which
in the most comprehensive spirit, con
sistent with honesty, every citizen
should feel himself personally bound.
As if this last resolution were not suffi
ciently indefinite, a ninth is added on
the same general subject, declaring that
“ a sudden inflation of the national cur
rency in the interests of speculators or
a sudden contraction for the same ends
are alike disastrous.” But who desires
to have either inflation or contraction in
the interests of speculators ? We all
denounce them both. The real question
is which the new party goes for, infla
tion or contraction, when not in the in
terests of speculators ? The explana
tion seems to bo that the new party is
bound to Lave a platform large enough
for the most contradictory political
schools to stand upofc, rtnd'india rubber
principles warranted to stretch either
way to fit the requirements of the most
ultra partisan on any subject whatever.
Of its founders it may be said, in the
words of tho authority just quoted,
“ There may be folks of greater talents
that can’t sit steadier on the fence.” It
is not such parties that set the political
world afire, nor could a candidate, as
Hosea Biglow intimates, be considered
anything more than an office seeker at
any price, who on nil public questions
should try to bliow himself to be “front
ing south by north.”
COTTON SPINNING NORTH AND
BOUTH.
The St. Lonis Republican says;
“Random oonjootures are frequently
made about the comparative cost of cot
ton spinning in the South, where the
staple grows, and the North, whither it
has to be carried. All the facts, how
ever, such as the difference in wages,
cost of materials used, carriage, com
missions, insurance and other items of
expense, have never been given, and a
judgment cannot be made upon the
question till these facts are furnished.
Some very interesting information, how
ever, bearing on the snbject is sup
plied by the Southern papers, whioh, if
correct, shows strongly in favor of the
South as a field for cotton spinning.
Tho average profit of six representative
New England mills for the last ten years
has been a trifle less than 18 per cent,
on the capital employed; in the South, the
Columbus, (Ga.) mills made in the same
time 35 per cent., the Petersburg, (Va.)
mills 25 per cent,, the Langley, (8. C.)
mills over 25 per cent., the Augusta,
(Ga.) mills over 20 per] cent., the Tal
lahassee, (Fla.) factory 20 per cent, aud
the Columbia (8. C.) mills over 20 per
cent. These 'profits are attractive
enough to show that cotton manu
facturing is a very good business either
at the North or the South, but that the
advantages are in the South. It is
reasonable that they should be, for the
Southern mills not only get cotton with
out hauling it, but they have the ad
vantage of cheaper labor. Thus the
same bale of cotton that could be furn
ished to a Georgia mill at no cost for
carriage could not be carried to Lowell,
Mass., for less that $7 65, including
commission, insurance, transfers and
other minor charges. This, on 450
pounds of cotton, reduced to3B2ponnds
by wastage, is 13) per cent, its value,
estimated at 15 cents a pound. The only
offset to this is the greater cost of get
ting a bale of cottou goods from Geor
; gia to New York, than from Massachn
; setts to New York, for distribntion; in
| the one case it is $2 44 and in the other
■SI 41—a difference of 81 03 per bale in
! favor of New England. But even after
j this allowance in made, the advantages
' are considerably in favor of the Geor
i gia mill, showing that cotton mannfac
! tares, at least, can be maintained more
cheaply in the cotton States than in the
North, and that the people of the South
can do the bulk of the cotton spinning
for this country whenever they resolve
to. <
The census of Ireland, begun four
years since and just completed, shows
that there are 960,000 dwelling honses
on the Island, a decrease of 360,000
since 1841. The population in the same
period has fallen off 2,763,000. From
1861 to 1871, the decrease of population
was only 386,000, and it is now believed
that the natural increase will soon com
mence to make up the decrease by emi
gration. The survey of the Island shows
that out of the 21,000,000 acres of its
territory, nearly 5,000,000 are unfitted
for cultivation, being either lake, bog or
mountain, leaving an area of productive
land little more than three times the
size of Massachusetts for the support of
five and one-half millions of people.
Ten million acres of this is pasture, so
that the tillable land little exceeds one
acre to each inhabitant.
Mr. Jas. Wilev, a citizen of Milton
county, died suddenly a few days since.
Fool play is suspected.
TALIAFERRO COUNTY.
Editorial Correspondenceof Otfe Chron
icle and Bentinel.
Crawford ville, Ga., Augukt 26, 75.
The Superior Court, his Honor Judge
Pottle presiding, adjourned to-day.
There has been a large number of cases
disposed of, and the civil and State
dockets have been cleared. It speaks
well for the morals of the people in
Taliaferro county that there have been
no crimes involving the loss of life or
the serious disturbance of the peace
since the last term of Court. The busi
ness before the Court was mainly con
fined to some civil suits involving very
little, a case of assault and battery, one
of perjury, in which the accused was
acquitted, and a few cases of burglary.
Judge Pottle congratulated the people
on the peace and good order of the
connty. In his charge to the grand
jury, of which I will condense a few of
the salient points, he referred to the
unfortunate disturbances in the lower
connties growing out of violations of the
public laws. While other portions of
the State are in a state of alarm he was
glad that the session of the Court finds
the connty of Taliaferro in a state of
composure and peace. These distur
bances elsewhere should incite us to
mutual forbearance. If the races are to
live together in peace the laws must be
obeyed by all, and the rights of each
under the law respected. We can have
no peace, no security, no prosperity but
by obeying the laws and having them
enforced. Matters growing out of
the relations between labor and cap
ital are assuming a vast importance
in onr State. It is unquestion
ably true that the labor on onr lands
is becoming less valuable and less
reliable. In the opinion of Judge Pot
tle there was a remedy for this, and
that was the enforcement of the laws
against vagrancy. Swarms of persons
who ought to be laborers are seen on
every day of the week in our towns.
They consume and do not produce. They
are eating out onr substance. They
must live, and if they do not work they
will live on the toil and sweat of others.
Their bad example is demoralizing to
those who are disposed to work, and as
it is the.duty of the grand jury to see
that all violators of the law are present
ed, he called their special attention to
the law against vagrancy The Judge
called the attention of the grand jury
to the lack of conveniences for specta
tors in the Court House. Court houses
generally are not properly constructed.
The bar is made for lawyers and suitors
while cases are in progress, but there are
no seats for visitors who come to hear
the proceedings. The speeches of the
attorneys are frequently instructive, en
tertaining and edifying. In the discus
sions at the bar a great deal of informa
tion is imparted. The public can have
an opportunity" of knowing what the
law is, besides the addresses are often
scholarly, and have much merit. The
Court House is a school for young men,
and for the reasons stated there should
be seats in every Court House for the
accommodation of the public.
Judge Pottle is zealous in impressing
upon the attention of the grand juries
the laws framed for the protection of
the young. He thinks it very hard that
when onr - sons are trained at home in
the principles of virtue, where they re
ceive lessons of morality from the lips
of good fathers and pious mothers, that
these good impressions should be ef
faced by those who decoy them into the
dram shops and gaming rooms. Those
who throw temptations in the way of
yonng men and ruin their morals are
enemies to society and ought to be
puuished. We owe a duty to posterity
to send down to them a generation of
honest and virtuous men and not one of
idlers and drunkards to curse, instead
of to bless the land. Much can be ac
complished toward this result by having
all the laws for the protection of the
yonng and the innocent enforced.
Hon.' Alex. H. Stephen** was asso
ciated in a case with Col. Miles W.
Lewis. Benjamin R. Reid, Esq., an
old and prominent citizen of the county,
was charged with perjury. The State
was represented by Samuel Lumpkin,
Esq. This case attracted a great deal
of attention, deriving its prominence, of
course, from the position of the accused.
The testimony was quite voluminous.
Col. Lewis and Mr. Stephens contend
ed that the evidence was not sufficient
to convict; that their client had no
motive in swearing falsely and that hie
character was above reproach. Mr.
Lumpkin was positive that the evidence
was sufficient to establish the gnilt of
the accused aud so believing he tried to
secure his conviction. The speeches on
both sides, though brief, were able.
The Judge gave the law to the jury, who
after an absence of ten minutes returned
a verdict of not guilty. Mr. Reid
served in both branches of the General
Assembly and the verdict of the jury
shows that in their opinion he was en
tirely innocent.
Mr. Stephens looks remarks bly well.
He is better perhaps than he has been
in the last ten years. His voice is clear
and penetrating and his appearance
shows him to be on the mend. His
appetite is good and his general health
is better than it has been in years.
The local bar of Crawfordville was
represented by Messrs. W. G. Stephens,
James F. Reid, Geo. F. Bristow, W.
H. Brooke and M. O. Andrews. Messrs.
W. M. and M. P. Reese and S. H,
Hardeman, of Wilkes; M. W. Lewis,
Columbus Heard and J. B. Parks, of
Greenesboro; W. W. Lumpkin and W.
S. Mitchell, of Union Point; J. A.
H ablet, of Sparta; J. T. Olive and
Samoel Lumpkin, of Lexington; and
Paul C. Hudson, of Thomson, em
braced the visiting members of the bar.
Liberty Hall is always open to the visit
ing brethren, and it is not unusual to
find during the session of Court as many
as a dozen gentlemen partaking of the
hospitality of the distinguished host
whose home is always the seat of a
generous and unbounded hospitality. It
is in reality Liberty HalL And who ever
enters its portals is free to enjoy him
self, leaving behind him the rigid
conventionalities of society. vV.
OUR TALIAFERRO LETTER.
The Superior Court —The Business
Transacted—Good State of Affairs—
Christian Association Formed A
Typhoid Epidemic.
[.%wcicl Correspondence Chronicle and Sentinel .]
Crawford ville, Ga. , August 26.
The Taliaferro Superior Court was or
ganized ou Mondav by bis Honor Judge
Pottle, with a pretty full attendance of
the bar, among whom are Messrs. Wm.
£ M. P. Reese, and Hardeman, of
Wilkes; Colonel Lewis, of Greene; Hud
son, of Thomson, and Harley, of Spar
ta. Several cases, civil and criminal,
have been disposed of, but none of pub
lic importance. The grand jurors have
displayed commendable zeal in ferreting
ont and bringing to justice the crimes of
the county, which to its credit. have
been but few. No murders or violent
assaults have been committed, but the
people are at peace and in the diligent
pursuit of their lawful business. —
Among the many indications of pro
gress and improvement about town,
there are none more patent than
its moral and social relations. —
This result is from a well regulated
town government and the religious
agencies at work among the people. A
delegation from the Young Men’s Chris
tian Association of Augusta have been
here and I learn have made a good im
pression upon the community. _ A large
association was organized and is in suc
cessful operation, and it is hoped will
do more real good than any means em
ployed for years. The farmers in most
of the connties complain of short crops,
which have been seriously affected by
the drouth. They have not had a sea
son about Raytown since the month of
June, and the same is true of other por
tions of the county. Typhoid fever is
prevailing in and around Crawford ville,
and has proved fatal in most cases.—
Several gqg&citizens have passed awsy
and others in a critical con
dition. Visitor.
A foolish young out West, in a
newspaper office, desires to know why
the police are not turned out in New
York and the thieves put in. That is
exactly what has been done.—Cincin
nati Commercial (Lad.)
STATE SUPREME COURT.
Decisions Rendered in Atlanta, Ga.,
August 24, 1874.
[Atlanta Constitution.]
Bleckley, J., having been of counsel
in the following case, did not preside.
Hoyt, Carlton A Cos., vs. Glenn &
Wright—Mechanic’s lien, from Ful
ton.
Warner, C. J.
This was a proceeding to foreclose a
laborer’s lien under the provisions of
the act of 1869. The plaintiffs alleged
in their affidavit that they were laborers
and mechanics, and that the defendants
were indebted to them 8662 92 for labor
performed, and for materials furnished
in the making and construction of cer
tain four cottcfn and hay presses, and
other presses of the same kind, the
property of the defendants. The defend
ants made a motion to dismiss the case
on the gronnd that the plaintiffs had not
alleged in their affidavit that the labor
was performed by them, or either of
them, who claimed to have a lien on the
defendants’ property therefor. _ The
Court sustained the motion and dismiss
ed the ease. Whereupon the plaintiffs
excepted. The plaintiffs allege in their
affidavit that the defendants are indebt
ed to them the amount stated therein,
for labor performed, etc. For labor
performed by whom? The plaintiffs do
not allege that the labor was performed
by them, or either of them, for which
they claim the lien on the defendants’
property under the statute. According
to the previous rulings of this Conrt,
the plaintiffs were only entitled to a lien
under the act of 1869 for labor perform
ed by themselves, and for materials fur
nished, and as the statute should be
strictly construed, there was no error
in dismissing the plaintiffs’ case on the
statement of facts disclosed in the
record. Sec. 45th, Geo. Rep. 561, 46th
Geo. Rep. 112, 49th Geo. Rep. 388, Ibid
509. Let the judgment of the Court be
low be affirmed. John Collier, P. L.
Mynatt, for plaintiffs in error. Gartrell
& Stephens, L. E. Bleckley, by A. W.
Hammond & Son, for defendants.
Bleckley, J., having been of counsel,
did not preside in the following ease:
Thomas G. Barrett vs. Jrmes E. Butler
et al. Complaint, from Fulton.
Warner, C. J.
This was an action instituted by the
plaintiff against the defendants ou a
fourthcoming bond, conditioned to have
certain cotton, and cotton seed, which
had been levied on by the sheriff aud
claimed, forthcoming on the day and
time of sale, if the same should be found
subject to the distress warrant levied
thereon. On the trial of the case the
jury, under the charge of the Court,
found a verdict for the defendants. The
case is brought here on a bill of excep
tions to the rulings of the Court in the
progress of the trial, and to its charge to
the jury. The plaintiff offered in evi
dence the deposition of the sheriff, who
was at the time of the levy and at the
time he testified, in office, to prove the
terms of an advertisement for the sale of
the cotton, and cotton seed, as contained
in a copy of the same, annexed to his
answers. This evidence was ruled out
by the Court on the ground that it was
secondary, and the plaintiff excepted.
There was no error in ruling out the tes
timony of the sheriff in relation to this
point in the case. The advertisement
itself was the best evidence of its terms.
The evidence of the sheriff as to the terms
of the advertisement was no better than
that of Harper, or of any other witness
as to the contents of the published ad
vertisement of the sheriff’s sale of the
property, and both were properly ruled
out by the Court. The plaintiff then of
fered in evidence the deposition of Wes
ton, the proprietor of the Dawson Jour
nal, to prove the advertisement of the
sheriff’s sale, to which was anuexed a
copy of said advertisement in writing, as
a part of his testimony. The Court ruled
out the testimony so offered, and the
plaintiff excepted. In Schley vs. Lyon
& Rutherford (6th Ga. Rep. 530) this
Court held that in order to prove the
advertisement of a sheriff’s sale in one
of the public gazettes of this State as
required by law, the production of the
newspaper in which the advertisement
was pnblished is the best; but if that
cannot be done in the exercise of ordi
nary diligence, then a copy of the ad
vertisement taken from the paper of file
in the publisher’s office, verified by the
oath of tho publisher, is admissable.
Tho evidence in the record does not
show that the plaintiff exercised ordi
nary diligence, or any diligence what
ever, to procure the newspaper in which
the advertisement of the sheriff’s sale
was published, so as to bring the case
within the rule stated in Schley vs.
Lyon & Rutherford before cited, aud
for that reasou the testimony of Wes
ton was properly rule ont by the Court.
The Court charged the jury : “If the
plaintiff’s claim for rent was paid, al
though before the withdrawal of the
claim case in Terrell county, plaintiff
cannot recover, aud if cotton enough to
pay the rent was delivered to plaintiff’s
agent, and by him accepted as such, it
was a payment, and it did not alter the
fact of the payment if this cotton so de
livered was afterwards taken away from
plaintiff’s agent.” To which charge the
plaintiff excepted. It appears in the
record that the claimant withdrew his
claim once. after he had interposed it
and after that withdrawal, the property
was, as thd plaintiff contended, adver
tised for sale by the sheriff, and the
question is whether it was competent
for the defendants when a suit was in
stituted on their forthcoming bond for
the non-delivery of the property on the
day of sale to prove that the plaintiff’s
debt had been paid prior to the with
drawal of the claim by the claimant.
There can be no doubt that if the claim
case had been tried, and a verdict ren
dered finding the property subject, and
a judgment had been entered thereon,
that the defendants would have been
estopped from proving the payment of
the plaintiff’s debt anterior to that ver
dict and judgment finding the property
snbject thereto. The plaintiff’s demand
is founded on a distress warrant for rent
and the proceeding to collect it is a
summary one under the statute. The
plaintiff insists that inasmuch as the
claimant withdrew his claim, the defend
ants are concluded from proving the pay
ment of the plaintiff’s debt prior to the
withdrawal of the claim; that such with
drawal of the claim is equivalent to a
judgment; that the property levied on by
the distress warrant is snbject to the
payment of the plaintiff’s debt. We do
not think so. Estoppels are not favored
by the law. The plaintiff’s right to have
the property delivered at the time and
place of Bale, to be sold by the sheriff
in satisfaction of his debt, is founded
on the idea that his debt is due and un
paid, and that he has been damaged by
the non-delivery of the property, but if
his debt has been paid, then he is not
damaged by the non-delivery of the pro
perty, and the defendants were not
estopped from proving that fact because
the claim had been withdrawn, as stated
in the record. The securities on the
bond were interested in the recovery by
the plaintiff as well as the claimant,
and, in our judgment, the defendants
were not estopped from proving the pay
ment of the plaintiff’s debt prior to the
withdrawal of the claim by the claimant.
In view of the evidence contained in the
record, there was no error in the charge
of the Conrt to the jury. Let the judg
ment of the Court below be affirmed.
R. H. Clark, for' plaintiff in error.
Hillyer & Bro.; L. E. Bleckley, by A.
W. Hammond & Son, for defendants.
Wm. B. Allen vs. Atlanta Street Rail
road Company. Case, from Fulton.
Warner, C. J.
This was an action brought by the
plaintiff against the defendant to recov
er damages for killing his male child of
, the age of two years. The plaintiff al
leges in his declaration that the defen
dant, by means of the carelessness and
negligence of its agents, in the manage
ment of its street railway cars, run
against and struck down, run over and
crushed the body of his said child whilst
in the act of crossing Marietta street, a
public street in the city of Atlanta, with
out blame or fault on the part of said
child, whereby the said child died thir
teen days after the infliction of said in
juries by the defendant The plaintiff
also alleges that his child was sonnd
and healthy, and that the services of his
said child would have become at an
early day of great value to him, to wit:
the sum of three thousand dollars for
servioes to be rendered by his said child
until he had attained the age of twenty
one years, of which the plaintiff al
leges he has been deprived by the neg
ligence andcarelessnessof the defendant.
The defendant demurred to the plaintiff’s
declaration on the ground that no le
gal cause of action was alleged therein
which wonld entitle the plaintiff to re
cover the damages which he claimed.
The Court sustained the demurrer, and
the plaintiff excepted. In the case of
the Georgia Railroad Company vs.
Wynn (42 Georgia Reports 331), it was
held that the 2,9715 t section of the new
Code, providing for the recovery of
damages for physical injuries, limited
the right of recovery to a widow, or if
no widow, then to the child or children,
for the homicide of the husband or pa
rent The damages claimed in this case
is not for the honucioe of a husband or
parent The plaintiff, however, insists
that he does not claim damages for the
homicide of his child, but for the loss
of the services which his child wonld
have rendered him until twenty-one
years of age if he had not been killed
by the defendant orits agents, as alleged
in his declaration. The 2,960 th section ]
of the Code declares that “ every per-1
son may recover for torts committed to 1
himself, or his wife, or his child, or his
ward, or his servant.” This section of
the Code as to the relative rights of pa
rent, master and servant, etc., should
be construed in the light pf the com
mon law of force in this State, for it is
not to be presumed that the Legislature
intended to alter or change the common
law in relation to the relative rights of
parent and child, master and servant,
and the remedies provided for the main
tenance and enforcement of the same,
nnless it has done so in express terms
or by necessary implication.
Therefore, under this section of the
Code, every person in this State may re
cover damages for torts to
himself, or his wife, or his child, or his
ward, or his servant, as he was author
ized to do so by the common law, except
when the alleged tort is for any violent
injury, or attempt to commit a physical
injury illegally upon a person, if such
injury amounts to a felony as defined by
the Code, then the person injured must
either simultaneously, or concurrently,
or previously, prosecute for the same,
or allege a good excuse for the failure
so to prosecute.—Code, 2700. The sec
tion of the Cod£ alters the common law
so far as to allow the injured party to
recover damages for the tort in cases of
felony, provided he will prosecute for
the same on the criminal side of the
Court, as specified therein. The object
of this section is to prevent the injured
party from condoning the offense against
the public for mere pecuniary consider
ations in the shape ot damages in cases
of felony. By the common law, to en
title the parent to recover damages for a
tort done to his child, the gist of the
action is the loss of the services to the
child by the parent. In Shields vs.
Yonng (15th Geo. Rep., 356) this princi
ple of the common law was fully recog
nized. In that case the Court says:
“May a father treat his minor son as his
servant, and sne for an injury to the
son as for an injury to a servant ? If
the son be old enough to render service,
the father may,” citing authorities in
support of that proposition which sus
tain it. In that case the son
was eighteen years of age, and capable
of
before' u9,'1H145%l -wti but two years
old, and inoapable of rendering any ser
vice at the time the alleged tort was
committed, of which the parent com
plains as an injury to his relative rights
as such parent. No decision was cited
on the argument based on the principles
of the common law which would author
ize a parent to recover damages for a
tort done to his child who was incapa
ble of rendering him any service at the
time of the alleged injury, and we ap
prehend none can be cited, inasmuch as
the foundation of the action by the pa
rent is the loss of the present service of
liis child when the injury was done, and
not alone for his prospective service to
be rendered in the future. There is
another ground on which the demurrer
to the plaintiff’s declaration might well
have been sustained.
The tort complained of in the plain
tiff’s declaration prirna facie amounts
to a felony, and the plaintiff should
have alleged in his declaration that he
had prosecuted the agent of the defend
ant on the criminal side of the Court for
the alleged injury of his son, or alleged
a good exouse why he had not done so—
as required by the 2970th section of the
Ccjde. The most effectual manner to
protect the children in the streets of the
city of Atlanta from the negligence and
carelessness of the defendant’s agents in
running its street cars is to prosecute
those of its agents, who may be guilty
of such negligence and carelessness on
the criminal side of the Court, and have
them punished therefor, and it was a
duty which the plaintiff owed to the
public to have prosecuted the defend
ant’s agent for the injury done to his
child, if the allegations in his declara
tion be true; the law will not allow him
to gue for and recover pecuniary dam
ages for the injury until he has per
formed his duty to the public by prose
cuting the guilty party, or alleged a
sufficient excuse for not having done so.
If any view which we have been enabled
to take of this case the demurrer to the
plaintiff’s declaration was properly sus
tained. Let the judgment of tho Court
below be affirmed. S. B. Spencer, P.
L. Mynatt, for plaintiff in error. Can
dler & Thomson; A. W. Hammond &
Son, for defendant.
Jennings vs. Wright & Cos. Motion,
from Fulton.
Bleckley, J.
1. A declaration, in one of the short
forms authorized by the Code, against
the administrator of A., not expressly
statiug that he is sued as administrator,
but alleging that ho is indebted to the
plaintiff in a promissory note, a copy of
which is annexed, and the copy annexed
being that of a joint note signed “A. &
8.,” is a suit against the defendant, not
individually, but in-his representative
character as administrator of A. 2. Such
a declaration, upon its face, in the ab
sence of anything to show that B. is still
alive, sets forth a cause of action at law
against the defendant as administrator
of A. The nonjoinder of B. if alive and
within the jurisdiction would be matter
for plea in abatement. But after judg
ment it will be presumed that A. sur
vived 8., in which case the proper de
fendant to the action is \?a administra
tor alone. 3. Judgment in favor of a
creditor of the intestate against an ad
ministrator who enters no appearance
and pleads no plea, should be do boniSf
testatoris, but when not so entered it is
amendable upon motion. Judgment af
firmed. P. L. Mynatt, for plaintiff' ip
error. L. J. Glenn & Son for defend
ant.
Sewell vs. Holland. Partition, from Ful
ton.
Bleckley, J.
Tho first grant of anew trial on the
ground that the evidence is deficient
will not be reversed by the Supreme
Court, unless the evidence is so conclu
sive that an abuse of discretion is plainly
apparent. Judgment affirmed. D. F.
& W. R. Hammond; Peeples & Howell,
for plaintiff in error. Collier & Collier,
for defendant.
Oglethorpe Manufacturing Company vs.
Yan Winkle. Complaint, from De-
Kalb.
Bleckley, J.
In reviewing questions of pure fact,
the Supreme Court will be slow to dif
fer with the jury and the Judge who
tried the ease. Judgment affirmed.
Candler & Thomson for plaintiff in er
ror. L. J. Winn for defendant.
John Doe, ex. dem., Noel Turner and
George W. Adair vs. Richard Roe and
Elizabeth Linam, tenant in possession.
Ejectment, from Clayton.
Jackson, J,
1. Letters of administration granted
in another State have no validity in this
State except such as is imparted by the
statutes of this State. 2. Therefore, an
administrator appointed in Alabama
who institutes a suit in Georgia must
bring himself within sections 2,614 and
3,615 of our Code, the provisions of
which sections prescribe the terms on
which he may sue in onr Courts. 3.
These sections prescribe that such ad
ministrator, pending the action, shall
file in the Clerk’s office where the suit is
brought “a properly authenticated ex
emplification of the letters of adminis
tration ;” tho filing therein of the ex
emplification of the order for the appoint
ments of snch administrator does not
comply with the statutes of Georgia,
the exemplification ahonld be of the en
tire record of administration touching
the letters, and particularly of the let
ters themselves, which letters, by the
Code of Alabama, are required to be re
corded in her Courts of Probate. 4.
Where administrators appointed in Ala
bama seek to be made parties to a suit
in Georgia, begun in the life time of the
intestate, if they can be made parties at
all to such suit, they can only be made
snch by a compliance with section 2,615
of the Code; and if they do not so com
ply, no recovery can be had on a demise
in ejectment in the name of their intes
tate, and a non suit will be awarded.
Judgment affirmed. Wm. Ezzard, John
Collier, for plaintiffs in error; Robert
Baugh, for defendant.
H. N. Hamilton vs. W. R. Phillips, Jr.
Trover, from DeKalb.
Jackson, J.
Where the evidence is conflicting and
the Court below refuses anew trial, and
no error of law is complained of in the
charge, this Conrt will not interfere. —
Judgment affirmed. Candler & Thom
son, for plaintiffs in error. L. J. Winn,
for defendant.
Philip D. Corry vs. The State. Em
bezzlement, from Fulton.
Jackson, J.
1. The Freedman’s Savings and Trust
Company, incorporated by act of Con
gress and located in the city of Washing
ton, is not a bank or corporate body in
this State, within the meaning of section
4,421 of the Code. 2. A person indict
ed as the cashier of the branch office of
said company in Atlanta, Ga., no law
of the United State nor of this State
having authorized the establishment of
the branch in Georgia, cannot be con
victed of the crime of embezzlefhent
under said section 4,421 of the Code.
3. Where the transcript of the record
shows a second count for larceny after
a trust, framed on section 4,422 of the
Oode, but shows that count to be bad as
it charges the offense to have been com
mitted with the consent, when it should
have been, without the consent, of the
owner, and where the mistake in the
transcript, if there be a mistake, has not
been property corrected, this Court can
not resort to the second count, thus ap
parently defective on the record here, to
sustain the verdict and judgment below.
4. The proper time to correct a mistake
in the transcript of the record is on or
before the calling of the esse on the
docket, and the proper mode is by a
suggestion of the mistake in writing and
verified by the oath of the party or his
counsel. Judgment reversed. B. F.
Abbott, Loclirane & Milledge, for plain
tiff in error. John T. Glenn, Solicitor-
General, for the State.
GEORGIA CROPS.
MONTHLY REPORr OP THE STATE
DEPARTMENT OP AGRICULTURE.
In the following report the numbers
opposite rice, peaches, grapes, and corn
forage, refer to the yield, compared to
that of last year. The others refer to
the condition of the crops, &c., com
pared to an average.
General State Averages.
Corn, 85; cotton, 81; sugar cane, 87;
sorghum, 97; sweet potatoes, 86; field
peas, 92 ; ground peas, 97 ; rice, 88 ;
peaches, 87; grapes, 96; corn forage, 89.
In order to secure a more correct state
ment of the corn and cotton prospects of
the State, the returns from the counties
of Carroll, Campbell, Fulton, DeKalb,
Gwinnett, Jackson, Madison, Elbert,
and all those north of them, have Jbeen
-consolidated to themselves, and all the
counties south of these also consolidated,
with the following results : North Geor
gia—Corn, 102; cotton, 96. Middle and
South Georgia—Corn, 77; cotton, 76.
It will thus be seen that the principal
cotton producing sections of the State
report a very low average, in conse
quence of the drouth and heated term
in July, while the grain region, in which
a comparatively small part of the cotton
crop of the State is produced, reports a
high average, making a difference of 5
per cent, in the general average of the
State. This division of the State has
been deemed proper, to give a correct
representation of the condition of the
two great staples of Georgia.
County Consolidations.
Baldwin—Corn, 100;j cotton, 90; sweet
potatoes, 110; field peas, 100; ground
peas, 100; stock, 125; peaches, 100;
grapes, 110. Rainfall, 5.
Burke—Corn, 73; cotton, 75; sugar
cane, 67; sorghum, 83; sweet potatoes,
85; field peas, 85; ground peas, 95;
stock, 94; peaches, 98; grapes, 102. But
little rain from May 2d to August 11th.
Columbia—Corn, 80; cotton, 70; sugar
cane, 90; sweet potatoes, 73; field peas,
90; ground peas, 75; stock, 93; peaches,
75; grapes, 71; corn forage, 90. Bain
fall, j; no rain from July 8 to August 10.
Elbert—Corn, 110; cotton, 95; sor
ghum, 125; sweet potatoes, 100; field
peas, 90; ground peas, 100; stock, 107;
peaches, 27;'grapes, 90; corn forage, 100.
Rainfall, 3.5; crops injured by storm
and hail; too much rain.
Emanuel—Corn, 80; cotton, 70; sugar
cane, 62; sweet potatoes, 80; field peas,
75; stock, 100; peaches, 97; grapes, 102.
Rainfall, 4.9-16; mean temperature, 84.
Glaßcock —Corn, 66; cotton, 66; stock,
100; peaches, 90; grapes, 50.
Greene—Com, 90; cotton, 97; sweet
potatoes, 85; field peas, 98; ground peas,
95; stock, 105; rice, 110; peaches, 125;
grapes, 70; corn forage, 75.
Hancock—Corn, 90; cotton, 90; sorgh
um, 105; sweet potatoes, 91; field peas,
100; ground peas, 90; stock, 110;
peaches, 97; grapes, 110; corn forage,
87. Rainfall, 4.9-16. Mean tempera
ture, 84.
Hart—Corn, 100; cotton, 95; sugar
cane, 75; sweet potatoes, 90; stock, 90;
peaches, 60.
Jackson—Corn, 93; cotton, 100;
sorghum, 100; sweet potatoes, 95; field
peas, 100; stock, 100; peaches, 50;
grapes, 110. Rainfall, 2.56.
Jefferson—Corn, 72; cotton, 70; sugar
cane, 65; sorghum, 70; sweet potatoes,
50; field peas, 90; ground peas, 90;
stock, 80; peaches, 70; grapes, 100.
Rainfall, 3.75. Mean temperature, 74.
Johnson—Corn, 90; cotton, 90; sugar
cane, 100; sweet potatoes, 100; field
peas, 100; ground peas, 60; stock, 80;
peaches, 60; grapes, 110.
McDuffie—Corn, 90; cotton, 73; sweet
potatoes, 80; field peas, 78; ground
peas, 95; stock, 101; rice, 100; peaches,
95; grapes, 110; corn forage, 90. Rain
fall, 1.5. Mean temperature, 84. Ten
ants will not make cotton enough to
pay for advances.
Morgan—Corn, 84; cotton, 77; sweet
potatoes, 87; field peas, 93; stock, 100;
peaches, 95; grapes, 87; corn forage, 100.
Newton —Corn, 105; cotton, 100; sor
ghum, 200; sweet potatoes, 115; field
peas, 120; ground peas, 110; stock, 105;
peaches, 77; grapes, 110; corn forage,
110. Rainfall, 3.
Oglethorpe—Corn, 90; cotton, 70;
sweet potatoes, 100; field peas, 100;
stock, 100; peaches, 40; grapes, 100.
Rainfall, 2.25.
Oconee —Corn, 110; cotton, 100; sor
ghum, 100; sweet potatoes, 110; field
peas, 120; ground peas, 100; stock, 110;
peaches, 80; grapes, 110; corn forage,
120.
Putnam—Corn, 84; cotton, 84; sweet
potatoes, 89; field peas, 96; ground
peas, 102; stock, 100; peaches, 140;
grapes, 100; corn forage, 95. Some
sections have suffered for rain.
Screven—Corn, 65; cotton, 53; sugar
cane, 60; sweet potatoes, 73; field peas,
102; ground peas, 100; stock, 100; rice,
88; peaches, 42; grapes, 105. Crops
seriously injurd by drouth.
9 Taliaferro—Corn, 70 ; cotton, 62 ;
sweet potatoes, 90; field peas, 95; ground
peas, 100; stock, 100; peaches, 150;
grapes, 95. in July for rain;
plenty now.
Warren—Corn, llOj'cotton, 80; sweet
potatoes, 70; field peas, 100; stock, 110;
peaches, 125.
Washington—Com, 77 ; cotton, 65 ;
sugar cane, 87; sweet potatoes, 62; field
peas, 80; ground peas, 90; stock, 100;
peas, 100; grapes, 100. Rainfall, 2.12.
1 Mean temperature, 84. Drouth and hot
weather from July 15 to August 1. In
jured crops in part of the county. Rains
since August Ist.
Wilkes—Corn, 77; cotton, 77; sweet
potatoes, 87; field peas, 50; stock, 95.
Crops injured 25 per cent; by drouth.
Wilkinson Com, 73 ; cotton, 82;
sngar cane, 82; sorghum, 75; sweet pota
toes, 80; field peas, 90; ground peas, 90;
stock, 95; rice, 85; peaches, 115; grapes,
120; corn forage, 67. Rainfall, 4. Mean
temperature, 75; rain plenty since Au
gust 1. Rust in cotton.
In addition to the questions on the
condition and yield of crops, the follow
ing were asked, and have elicited the
subjoined most interesting and instruc
tive information:
1. Have farmers bought on a credit to
as great an extent this year as last 7 An
swer, 92 per cent, of the correspondents
report that they have not. This is an
encouraging indication of a return on
the part of the farmers to a rational,
self-sustaining system of agriculture,
which alone is profitable, as shown by
answers to some questions which follow.
2. What per cent, of farmers buy ex
clusively for cash ? Answer, 20 per cent.
3. What per cent, per annum is paid on
the cash prices of goods, when bought
on a credit, payable November Ist ? An
swer, 44 per cent.; this is suicidal. 4.
Estimate, from the best data at your
command, the amount annually paid in
interest by the farmers in* your county,
by baying on time ? Answer, 67 coun
ties report an aggregate of 82,078,500.
Many others report the amount large,
but no means of estimating it with ap
proximate accuracy. 5. What per cent,
of the cotton crop of your section is
pledged for supplies advanced to make
it, and hence will have to go to mar
ket November Ist 7 Answer, 38 per
cent., or more than one-third of the
crop virtually sold before it is made.
6. What per cent, of those who raise
their own supplies make a profit
by farming 7 Answer, 80 per cent. 7.
What per cent, lose? Answer, 8 per
cent. 8. What per cent, of those who
buy all or part of their supplies make a
profit 7 Answer, 23 per cent. 9. What
per cent, lose 7 Answer, 75 per cent. 10.
Do farmers generally give daily personal
supervision to all of their farm labor 7
Answer, 71 per cent, of the correspon
dents say they do in their sections,
while 29 per cent, say they do not. 11.
Does such supervision cause labor to be
better satisfied, and render it more
efficient 7 Answer, 98 per cent, say yes.
12. Is the land in your section being im
proved, or still further exhausted 7 An
swer, 55 per cent, say improved, the rest
exhausted. 13. If improved, what are
the means used 7 Answer, correspondents
generally agree in attributing the im
provement to better plowing, rest, rota
tion, green manure, and compost. 14. If
exhausted, what are the principal causes 7
Answer. The usual answer to this is just
the reverse of the last, with the addition
of waste by washing. 15. Is land more
rapidly exhausted and gullied under the
cropping and renting system than when
worked by wages labor? Answer, 96
per cent, report “yes.”
The above responses, coming as they
do from the most intelligent farmers and
planters in all parts of the State, are full
of lessons of instruction. While it is
encouraging to know that farmers have
bought less on a credit this year than
last, the above report shows that there
ia yet ample room for reform and re
trenchment. We learn from the above
that only 20 per cent, of the farmers buy
entirely for cash, while those who buy
on a credit pay at the enormous rate of
44 per cent per annum interest on what
they consume, amounting, in the ag
greate, in the State of Georgia, to
the astonishing sum of 84,250,000 —
four and a quarter millions dollars
paid by the farmers in interest on
what they consume. Is it remarkable
that farming is not profitable under such
a suicidal policy 7 No legitimate busi
ness can pay 44 per cent, per annum on
the capital necessary to conduct it, and
live. Another instructive lesson taught
by the above answers is the fact that 80
per cent, of those who raise their sup
plies make a profit, while 75 per cent, of
those who buy lose money. Let ns put
these facts together, and study the les
sons taught by them : Ist. Only 20 per
cent, of the farmers pay cash for what
they buy. 2d. Those who buy on a
credit pay an average of 44 per cent, per
annum interest on the cash prices. 3d.
The farmers of Georgia pay, in interest
on supplies—nearly all of which can be
raised on their farms—the sum of
$4,250,000, which is more than half of
the bonded debt of Georgia, and is 14
per cent, of the value of the entire oot
tou crop of the State. 4th. 80 per cent,
of those who raise their supplies make a
profit, while 75 per cent, of those who
buy lose.
These are startling facts, which, taken
in connection with those developed in
previous reports from this department,
viz.: that the farmers of Georgia an
nually lose, by the injudicious purchase
and use of fertilizers, more than $2,000,-
000, and that one great branch of in
dustry, sheep-husbandry, one of the
avenues of escape from our embarass
ments, is absolutely prohibited, by the
absence of necessary legislation and the
consequent tax of 15 per cent, of the
whole number of sheep in the State to
feed dogs, demand the serious consider
ation of our farming community. What
are the remedies for these blights upon
onr industry 7 The difficulties tench
their own lessons, and suggest their
own remedies: Ist. Experience and
these facts teach that, raising cotton to
buy supplies to raise cotton, at present
prices, leads directly to bankruptcy and
ruin. 2d. That those who raise their
own supplies make cotton a profit, and
are prosperous. Indeed, correspond
ents generally report that those who
raise their own supplies cannot lose
money, if they attend to their business.
3d. That home manures must be hus
banded, concentrated, and judiciously
applied. 4th. That farmers must de
mand such legislation as will remove
the present prohibition on sheep-hus
bandry. With only 370,492 sheep in
Georgia, the annual loss by dogs, valu
ing the sheep at only $1 60 per head, is
$83,457, which is a mere trifle compared
to the amount lost to the Btate by the
prevention of sheep raising. To sum up
the whole in a few words, the farmers,
to be prosperous, must —Ist. Cease to
buy supplies that can be raised on their
farms. 2d. They must cease to buy
fertilizers, except to supplement home
manures, carefully husbanded under
shelter. 3d. They must reduce their
planting down to a cash basis. 4tli.
They must demand such a tax upon
dogs and such protection from
their ravages as will enable them to raise
wool and mutton, and thus utilize, al
most without labor, their at present
waste or useless lands. The price at
which the growing crop of cotton will
sell will not pay the cost of production
to those who have purchased their sup
plies. Farmers are therefore urged to
commence at once to provide against
the leaks which are sapping thir finan
cial life blood, by sowing largely o'
grain, and especially of the rust-proof
oats, early in the Fall; by carefully hus
banding all the manures on the farm,
under shelter, for use in composting for
the next season’s crops, and by taking
steps towards increasing their facilities
for raising stock, and especially sheep.
Under the present system, six and a half
millions'of dollars which should go to
swell the annual profits of Georgia farm
ers find their way into the pockets of
others, mostly beyond the limits of our
State, in consequence of the suicidal
policy at present pursued of buying
what should be raised at home. Will
not our farmers make their farms self
sustaining—raise their supplies and
pocket these profits 7
Discard the old habit of boasting of
the number of acres planted, the num
ber of plows run, or the number of bales
of cotton made, and look well to the
number of dollars of clear profit.
TIIE COTTON CROP.
Report of fce Augusta Exchange for
August.
The Committee on Information and
Statistics, of the Augusta Exchange,
made the following report, yesterday,
of the condition of the cotton crop under
their jurisdiction, for August:
Augusta, Ga., August 27th, 1875.
Tot he President of the Board of Direc
tors of the Augusta Exchange :
Gentlemen —Your Committee on In
formation and Statistics respectfully
submit the following report for the
month of August. Our report is based
on sixty-seven replies, from twenty
eight counties. Average date of replies,
August 19tli:
Ist Question —What has been the
character of the weather since the 17th
July 7 Answer—Generally dry and hot
to August; since then a very general
complaint of too much rain.
2d Question —Is the cotton fruiting
well, retaining its squares anil bolls 7
Answer Thirty-one reply fruiting
well; thirty-six not well; nearly all
complain of shedding, some say very
badly.
3d Question —What is now the con
dition of the crop in your county, and
how does it compare with last year 7
Answer Twelve report better than
last year; twenty-four equal to last
year; thirty-one not as good as last
year; a few say not half as good.
4th Question Has picking com
menced 'in your section, if not, when
will it become general 7 Answer—Has
not commenced, except in a few locali
ties; will become general from 10th to
15th of September.
sth Question —State any favorable or
unfavorable circumstances, not covered
by foregoing questions. Answer—Con
siderable complaint of rust, and too
much rain since August Ist; early cot
ton shedding its fruit badly; late ootton
retaining its squares and bolls.
Very respectfully, L. L. Zulavsky,
Chairman; J. J. Pearce, E. D. Kelley,
R. W. Heard, L. 0. Nowell, A. M. Ben
son, Wm. M. Read, Committee on Sta
tistics and Information.
THE COURSE OF COTTON.
Weekly Review of tie Liverpool
Market.
[W. C. Watts & Co.'s Circular, August 13th.]
The market has been dull this week,
and prices have from day to day ruled
in favor of buyers, closing about an id.
lower for American and Brazil, and
l-16d. lower for other descriptions. To
day there has been no improvement in
the demand, but rather less pressure to
sell, und the market closes steady. The
sales of the week sum up 68,200 bales,
viz: 3,640 on speculation, 11,350 declar
ed for {export, and 53,210 to the trade,
which with 3,180 forwarded makes the
total deliveries to the trade 56,390 bales.
In “futures” only a very moderate busi
ness has been done, and prices close
about l-16d. lower than last week. We
now quote American uplands, basis
middling, low middling clause, deliv
eries August-September, 7d; September-
October, 7 l-16d.; and October-Novem
ber, 7id. to 7 3-16d. Shipments of new
crop, from any port, October-Novem
ber, 7 3-16d., and later months about
7jd. The decline in prices this week
has been dne to telegrams from Ameri
ca, reporting that the Mississippi river
is falling, and that serious damage to
the growing crop from an overflow is no
longer to be apprehended ; to lower
quotations from New York the first four
days of the week; to the continuation of
the lockout at Oldham, and the conse
quent limited trade demand; and the
pressure on the part of a few large hold
ers to effect sales.
As regards the growing crop in Ameri
ca, now that the Mississippi river has
commenced subsiding, there is at the
moment a tendency to increase estimates
of the probable yield. At present, so
far as we can ascertain, popular esti
mates average fully 4j millions bales,
and some estimate even as high as 4J.
At this time last year and the year be
fore, popular estimates ranged, we
should say, from 250,000 to 500,000
bales, and in some cases even 750,000
above the actual result. To-day, tele
grams inform us of excessive rains in
the Northern cotton belt' and Atlantic
States, but say “no serious damage has
yet been done.” This report has so far
attracted very little attention. The
lockout at Oldham still continues, and
the reports at the moment as to the po
sition of affairs are somewhat conflict
ing, but the general impression seems
to be that inasmuch as the “Union
funds” are being rapidly reduced, that
the operatives will soon resume work
upon the terms proposed by the mill
owners. From all we can learn, we sup
pose the lockout at Oldham and in other
districts (the latter now at an end) has,
during the past three weeks, occasioned
a reduction in the consumption in the
United Kingdom of about 8,000 bales
per week, or say 24,000 bales. The
Bank of England rate of discount was
reduced yesterday from 2\ per cent., at
which it was fixed on 29th ultimo, to 2
per cent., bnt as yet this has had no ap
parent beneficial effect upon the market
here or in Manchester.
Mr. John Meadows died at his resi
dence in Newton county, on Wednesday
evening, at 4 o’clock. Mr. Meadows
was one of the first settlers of this
county, and one of its oldest and best
citizens. He was in his 84th year at the
time of his death. He leaves behind
him a record filled with good and noble
deeds.
The bonded debt of Columbus is
$602,890 or a debt of $75 35 against
every man, woman and child, white and
black, in the city.
THE COTTON CROP.
Report of the Memphis Exchange-
Condition and Prospects of the Sta
ple—The Indications Bad—Estimated
Yield.
Memphis, Angust 27.—The Cotton Ex
change crop report of the Memphis dis
trict and North Alabama says that not
withstanding the excessive wet and cold
weather that prevailed since the report
of June 26th the general piospects are
of the most gratifying character. The
probabilities are that a larger or better
corn crop was never made in this sec
tion of country. There will be abun
dant crops of wheat, oats and millet,
and in most of this region good crops of
small grasses have been made and all
harvested and protected, save corn. The
latter has in all instances matured and
only awaits the convenience of planters
to harvest. 112 responses report exces
sive rains, 64 balance of the time
cloudy, 60 generally cold, 64 cold
nights, 2 very dry, 46 favorable weath
er; 130 report the cotton plant fruiting
well, 30 not well; 103 report the plant
retaining its fruit, 57 shedding seriously;
154 report the crops well cultivated,
6 not, 135 report better crops
than in 1874, 24 equal, 1 not
so good. The estimated average is
28 per cent, better; 21 report bottom
growth only good; 67 bottom and mid
dle growth good; 80 report top crop
very light, making too much weed; 21
report bottom growth rotting seriously;
7 serious development of rust; 74 report
perfect crops; 8 report picking com
menced; all report it will not become
general until September 13. Much spec
ulative apprehension is expressed in re
gard to the present critical condition of
the cotton crop, which is generally
claimed to be two or three weeks later
than usual. Its luxuriant growth will
require an exceedingly late frost, and un
less dry warm weather succeeds there is
great danger of the bottom growth rotting
in the low lands, where the growth is
already so dense as to exclude both sun
and air. In regard to the damage by the
overflow we have been unable to arrive
at any definite information. In most
cases our correspondents in overflowed
districts have been so overwhelmed with
their own cares that they wefre unpre
pared, and some were unwilling to make
definite responses. That very great
damage on plantations sabject to the
influences of flood by the Mississippi
river has occurred will not admit of
doubt. When the total destroyed and
partially by backwater, in connection
with the damage by standing rain
water, are considered, we are con
strained to believe, from such informa
tion as we have, that the damage within
that portion of the cotton region allot
ted to this Exchange will not fall far
short of 60,000 bales. The above report is
based on 164 responses received by the
Cotton Exchange. The aggregate for
North Alabama is 20 responses —l7
report excessive rains; 8 balance of
the time cloudy; 5 generally cold; 9
cold nights; 3 favorable weather; 17 re
port fruiting well; 3 not; 15 retaining
fruit; 5 shedding seriously; all report
the crops well cultivated and better than
in 1874 by an average 0f.32 per cent.; 1
bottom crop only good; 11 bottom and
middling crops good; 12 top crops ma
king too much weed; all report no pick
ing commenced, but will average Sep
tember 14; all report the condition of
the crop the same as the Memphis Dis
trict as regards early frost; no loss sus
tained by the overflow; as to the crops,
127 report superior corn crops; 31 good;
1 inferior.
The estimated damage from the over
flow is not given. 107 report no damage
to the wheat crop by exposure, 18 report
the average damago as to them of 9 per
cent.; the average yield per acre of 125
reports is 12J bushels; 128 report good
crops of oats, 11 inferior; 20 none
raised ; 130 report the crops well
saved, 10 not well saved, with an aver
age loss to them of 10 per cent.;
138 report good crops of millett; 70
small experimental crops; 117 report
crops well saved, 24 partially damaged
by weather; 19 report none raised; 128
report laborers working well.
In North Alabama 16 counties report
superior corn crops, 4 good and no dam
age reported; 18 report the wheat crops
saved without weather damage; 2 report
a damage of 15 per cent.—the average
yield per acre 10 bushels; 14 report good
oat crops grown, 6 inferior; 19 report
100 saved, 1 not; 19 report good millet
and grass crops grown, 1 none, 16 well
saved, 3 damaged—an average of 3 per
cent.; 16 report laborers working well, 3
moderately, 1 not well.
SECRET HISTORY.
Gov. Vance’s Statement of the Treach
, ery of Southern Leaders.
On the 18th inst. ex-Governor Vance,
of North Oarolina, delivered an address
at Greenbrier White Sulphur Springs,
Va., before the Southern Historical So
ciety. The Richmond Dispatch has a
report of it, from which we extract the
following under the above head : Al
luding to the fact that much has been
said about the presence of “an unruly
disloyal Union sentiment in North Caro
lina during the war,” and “the pre
valence of the unjust impression that
North Carolina could be easily detach
ed from her duty to her confederates,”
Governor Vance said that “it seemed
there were some who presumed upon it
for important purposes.” “Soon after
the failure of the Hampton Roads con
ference I was visited by Governor
Graham, whose death we so recently de
plore, who was then a Senator of the
Confederate States. After giving all
particulars of that conference which had
not appeared in the papers, and the
prevailing impressions of Congressional
circles about Richmond, etc., he inform
ed me that a number of leading gentle
men there, despairing of obtaining peace
through Mr. Davis, and believing the
end inevitable and not distant, had re
quested him to visit me and urge me as
Governor of North Carolina to take
steps for making separate terms with
Mr. Lincoln, and thus inaugurate the
conclusion. Governor Graham remark
ed that he had agreed to lay their re
quest before me without promising to
add his personal advice thereto.
“I asked who these gentlemen were,
and with some reluctance he gave me
their names—chiefly Senators and Rep
resentatives in the Confederate States
Congress. I asked why these gentle
men did not begin negotiations for their
own States with the enemy, and if they
would come out in the papers with this
request to me? He said they would
not take the initiative. They were so
surrounded at home and so trammelled
by pledges, etc., as to render it impos
sible. I declined the proposition, of
course, and asked him to say to those
gentlemen, with my compliments, that
in the mountains of North Carolina,
where I was reared, when a man was
whipped he had to do his own hallooing;
that the technical word ‘enough’ could
not be cried by proxy. This secret
piece of history will serve to show 4hat
there was a faintness of heart and a
smiting together of the knees in other
parts of the South outside of North
Carolina.” Governor Vance would have
made his speech much more interesting
by revealing the names of these Confede
rate Senators and Representatives, and
whether or not the list included other
officials besides members of Congress.
As it is, his revelation, without these
names, is something like the play of
Hamlet with that character omitted.
THE INSURRECTION,
Public Meeting in Burke—A Vigilance
Committee Formed.
[For the Chronicle and Sentinel.]
At a meeting of the citizens of the
68th District, Burke county, called to
consider the subject of the threatened
insurrection, 8. H. Buxton was request
ed to act as Chairman and J. B. Heath
as Secretary. On motion of B. M.
Blocker, Esq., a committee was appoint
ed to report business for the meeting,
who, after a few moments, reported the
following preamble and resolutions which
were unanimously adopted:
Whebeas, Information has been re
ceived that our lives, the violation
of our wives and daughter, the murder
of our children and pillage of our homes
are threatened by the negroes;
Resolved, 1 si, We regret the receipt
of such information and the necessity
for the adoption of precautionary meas
ures.
Resolved, 2d, We most earnestly de
sire peace throughout our land.
oßesolved, 3d, The conduct of the ne
groes during the late war was such as to
deserve our commendation.
Resolved, Ith, We pledge ourselves to
protect them in all lawful measures, and
while we offer them our protection and
award to them all the rights to which
they are entitled, we insist we too have
rights which must be respected.
Resolved, 3th, The Chairman of this
meeting is requested to appoint six of
our most prominent citizens as a com
mittee, whose business it shall be to
visit every meeting of the negroes and
arrest every offender of the law, award
ing to the negroes a like privilege of at
tending all meeting of the whites.
The Chair appointed the committee
provided for in the last resolution, and
after ordering the proceedings publish
ed in the Waynesboro Expositor and
Augusta Chronicle and Sentinel, the
meeting adjourned.
8. H. Buxton, Chairman.
J. B. Heath, Secretary. I
— . -—-
Rev. Mr. Alman baptized three twin
sisters at Rock Spring Primitive Baptist
Church, in Morgan oounty, last Sunday, 1
their names being Judy, Julia and Judia i
Cooper. Can anybody beat that 7 <
THE STATE.
THE PEOPLE AND THE PAPERS.
Crops are good in Schley county.
Thieves are on the rampage in New
nan.
Sumter county has hud a case of in
fanticide.
The workmen on the Atlanta Custom
House have struck.
A negro man named James Guiee was
killed by his wife in Schley county last
Saturday.
And now it turns out that Bill Arp
didn’t shoot a darkey. His gun missed
fire, it warn’t loaded; the fact was he
didn’t have any gun.
Father Joseph, of the Church of the
Sacred Heart, Augusta, visited Thom
son on Monday last and preached to an
attentive audience at the Court House.
On Tuesday, 17th, a white man and
negro had a rencontre on Main street,
in Thomson, which was participated in
by a third party (colored), who went to
the rescue of the negro.
The McDuffio Journal says: The
mule which was stolen from Judge B.
P. O’Neal’s plantation week before last
found in Augusta last week. The thief,
a negro man, tried to sell the mule at
Murray’s livery stable, but his conduct
was so suspicious that the matter was
investigated and resulted in finding the
proper owner as stated above.
The town of Madison, Morgan coun
ty, can boast one of the most remark
able grape-vines in the State. The for
tunate owner is Mr. J. B. Shields, who
planted it eighteen years ago with his
own hands, and he lias been rewarded
with fifteen heavy orops of grapes. It
has borne this year between three and
four hundred pounds of the most per
fect and beautiful fruit. The variety is
the Warren—class Vitis JEstivalis.
Tuesday evening, the 17th inst., While
five citizens of Banks countjwere en
gaged covering a dwelling house near
Burns’ Mill, the scaffolding fell, wound
ing them all severely. Mr. William
Myze had his leg badly broken, and his
brother Thomas had both of his arms
broken, one very badly at the wrist
joint. Mr. Thomas McKie, who was
considerably advanced in years, was so
badly injured that he died the following
day, having suffered severely from his
wounds.
Bob Christian, the negro who sot fire
to Ramah meeting house in Monroe
county, and who, when caught a few
days afterwards, made his escape from
the guard, was recaptured in Upson
county on last Tuesday. Several ne
groes aided in the hunt for him and
were the first to approach and attack
him, when brought to bay. He seemed
to be desperate and drawing his knife,
threatened to kill any one who attempt
ed to come near him. He was over
powered, however, and arrested.
“ Local option” has been in operation
in Newnan nearly two months, and tho
Herald of that pleasant little city re
cently interviewed a number of dealers
as to its effects. Liquor is not sold
under the law in quantities of less than
one gallon. The dealers claim that they
sell as much whisky to the whites, but
the negroes do not buy as much as they
did formerly. The business is not as
profitable as it was, but the expenses
are less. One firm conducts its sales on
a novel plan. It is called the “post
office plan,” and the Herald thus de
scribes it: Their stores are provided
with little boxes, neatly constructed,
and attached to the wall. These boxes
are numbered, and coutaiu lock and
key. They are long enough to contain
a gallon jug and two or three drinking
glasses. Gentlemen who desire it buy a
gallon of whisky and, securing one of
these boxes, keep it there and have ac
cess to it any hour in the day. Being
furnished with a key, his jug cannot be
trespassed upon by others. This plan
seems to be very popular, as these
houses are provided with ten of these
boxes each, and we believe thoy have all
been taken.
TO THE PEOPLE OF GEORGIA.
A Grand Collective Exhibition of
Georgia Industry— Samples of the
Products of Every County in Geor-
Gia, in One Collection—To be Exhib
ited at the Great Fair of tho Geor
gia Btate Agricultural Society, at
Macon, Commencing October 18,
1875, and Continuing One Week.
State of Geokgia, j
Department of Agriculture, l
Atlanta, August 17, 1875. )
It is the desire of the Commissioner
of Agriculture to exhibit at the Fair, to
be held under the auspices of the Geor
gia State Agricultural Society, at Macon,
Georgia, commencing on the 18th of
October next, and continuing five days,
samples of all of the products of Geor
gia soil. Tho design is to exhibit, in
one collection, the great variety of
agricultural and horticultural produc
tions of all sections of our Stato. This
is an enterprise in which every Georgian
is interested, and to which each should
be proud to contribute. You are, there
fore, earnestly requested to collect and
forward to Macon, addressed to T. P.
Janes, care of M. Johnston, Secretary
of the Georgia State Agricultural So
ciety, samples of the products of your
section, distinctly labeled with tho name
and post office address of the producer,
the quantity he has for sale, if any, and
a brief statement of the time of plant
ing, mode of culture, or manufacture,
etc. All except perishable articles
should be shipped so as to arrive at
Macon by the 15th of October; perish
able products, such as vegetables and
fruits, by the 18th. Growing plants
may be shipped in suitable jars, or
boxes, securely packed. Selections will
be made by the Commissioner, from this
display, of suitable samples for perma
nent exhibition in the office of the De
partment of Agriculture, at the Capitol.
The State Geologist will co-operate with
the Commissioner of Agriculture in
securing a complete illustration of the
resources of Georgia, and will exhibit
in the same building samples of forest
products, and mineralogical specimens
from all sections of the State. All
Georgians are invited to contribute to
this display, and the correspondents of
the Department of Agriculture are es
pecially requested to see that Uieir coun
ties are properly represented. Samples
of goods, models of machinery, and im
plements of Georgia manufacture, are
are also solicited. Anything which will
illustrate the industry or resources of
our good old State will be recived in this
display, which the Commissioner hopes
will be worthy of Georgia and Georgi
ans. Thomas P. Janes,
Commissioner of Agriculture.
THE INSURRECTIONISTS.
Preliminary Examination at Waynes
boro.
The preliminary examination of the
negroes charged with attempting to in
cite insurrection commenced in Waynes
boro yesterday. The investigation of
the cases of the two Captains, Gray and
Vincent, was first commenced. When
the up train passed the village only one
witness had been examined. Rumors
of an intended attempt to rescue the
prisoners having been made, tho in
fantry company in Waynesboro was
ordered out on duty. No eredence was
given to tho report, but it was deemed
best to be prepared for any emergency.
A report was in circulation at Millen
when the Augusta train reached that
point that twelve white men had been
killed at Mcßean and there was con
siderable excitement in consequence.—
This was quietly put an end to by the
conductor of tho Augusta train, who de
clared tfie rumor to be altogether with
out foundation.
Mr. James Gordon Bennett’s New
Horses.
f From tine Sportsman.]
On Saturday, at Pier 44, North river,
we saw eight fine horses imported by
James Gordon Bennett, Esq., landed
from the steamship Holland, of the Na
tional line. The first one which reached
terra firma on Saturday was a beautiful
chestnut mare, with a blaze in the face
and a white heel behind. She is ono of
the wheelers of Mr. Bennett’s four-in
hand team, and a very powerful mare,
with great quarters and stifles. The
mare is a model of the others, all of
whom seem to combine power, elegance
and blood-like qualities to an extraordi
nary degree. They have the strength of
tho draught-horse, with the clean, sin
ewy legs, intelligent heads, prominent
eyes, and small, pricked ears of the
blood horse. They are all chesnuts, and
the leaders of the four-in-hand team are
very gay and stylish. But our attention
was quite as much attracted by the ches
nut geldings which belong to Miss Ben
nett’s phaston. These are upheaded,
beautiful red horses, with fine pricked
ears, game-cock trottles, and legs like
thoroughbreds. The whole were brought
out under the charge of William Mat
thews, the coachman, who seems to be a
very intellignt, painstaking man, with a
fair, open English countenance, down
which the sweat was rolling in great
beads. Besides the horses, they had
belonging to Mr. Bennett a couple of
Clumber spaniels, liver and white, and
of the highest breed in England.
New York Notes.
New York, Angust 28.—President
Grant and party, on board the revenue
cutter Grant, conveyed Mr. and Mrs.
Sartoris down the Bay this afternoon,
the latter sailing for England on the
Baltic.
The new post offico building is in ac
tive operation, the business having been
removed from the old bnilding at 10
o’clock to-night.
