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About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1866-1877 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 1, 1875)
EfttonfrU atft SentmtL WEDNESDAY... .SEPT’BEftI, 1875. THE PRESS AND THE RECENT TROUBLES. We have pnblished from day to day the comments of leading journals of the country upon the recent troubles in Middle Georgia. We have done this in order that the people of the State may know how the matter is considered out of the South. The publication of these extracts is continued this morning. One of the extracts is from the Balti more American —the leading Republi can journal of Maryland—and deserves some notice at our hands. The writer concludes that the whole affair w* a hoax which could have been exposed and all the excitement quieted by one courageous paper with nerve enough to breast the torrent. The American says that the Chronicle and Sentinel, at first warned the people that the affair was a hoax, but that subsequently it grew frightened and shaped its utter ances to suit the clamors of the populace. This statement is wholly incorrect and does the Chronicle and Sexiihbl great injustice. When the order, issued by Harris and approved by Morris and Btvkbs, was first published we did not attach any importance to it. Upon its face, notwithstanding its bloody com mands, it seemed a patent and palpable absurdity. A demonstration made by the same parties several weeks before had ended in nothing, and an alarm at Bar tow, in Jefferson county, was discovered to have originated fn the assemblage of a number of negroes for a fishing excur sion. We naturally supposed that the order found on the drill ground in Washington county might be a hoax gotten np by some silly or malignant person for the purpose of alarming the whites and we were anxious that the latter should not be taken in by the deception or be hurried into any act of rashness or of violence. But afterwards, when it seemed to be ascertained be yond the possibility of a doubt that the order was not a forgery, that it had been written by Harris, that its genuineness was corroborated by other circumstances, that prisoners who had been captured made confessions of the plot—then we had no longer any roason to advise the white people to sit down calmly and with folded hands to await the commis sion of an overt act insurrection. To have done this would have been to assist in bringing about the violence and the bloodshed whiclk we were so anxious to prevent. What we counselled was that the troubles should be quelled and the guilty patties punished with the machinery furnished by the law. We de sired to prevent lawlessness. Great as was the provocation given the whites to right their own wrongs, we wished them to await the action of the legal judges and juries of the country. This was the counsel given by every paper in the State, and it has been fruitful of good resultß. What might have been a for midable and savage rising of one race against another, has been quelled with out striking a single blow, without shed ding a single drop of blood. The law is supreme, and is obeyed and respected by whites and blacks alike. The excite ment has passed away; apprehension and alarm liavo ceased to exist; the rank and file of the insurrectionists have been allowed to return to their homes, and only the most prominent of the leaders aro detained for trial and punishment. The existence of such a condition of affairs is due, we think, in no small de gree to the prudent oounsols of the Georgia press. Tho papers of the State do not deserve to be taunted with cowardice for their conduct in this affair. As to the propriety of publishing alarming statements and bloody reports wo must differ from the American. It is the business of a newspaper to publish news; to give to the public everything which is likely to prove interesting. Alarming as were the newspaper reports, and exaggerated as some of them may have been, others yet wilder would have circulated from mouth to mouth if there had been no press in existence. Con cealment has always provon poor policy, and generally causes the very evils which it is designed to prevent. GIVE THE NAMES. Wo publish elsewhere this morning an extract from tho address recently de livered before tho Southern Historical Society by ox-Gov. Vanoe, of North Carolina. Gov. Vanoe stated in his speoch that after the failure of the Hampton Road’s Conference he was visited by Gov. Graham, then Confed erate States Senator from North Caro lina, and requested to take steps for making soparato terms with President Lincoln for his State in order that other States might be induced to take part in the movomeut. Gov. Graham stated that ke came as tho representa tive and at the request of a number of the leading men in Richmond—chiefly Senators and Representatives in the Confederate Congress. Upon being pressed he gave the names of the traitors at the Confederate capital who had dispatched him upon this mission of treachery. This revelation by Gov. Vanoe conveys startling informa tion to the people of the South, but wo respectfully submit that they are enti tled to know more that Gov. Vanoe has seen fit to tell. He has given but half the story; the most important portion is yet to come. Gov. Vance has not told the names of these “ leading’’ traitors—“chiefly Senators and Repre sentatives in the Confederate Congress" —who wished to desert the Government to which they had sworn allegiance, and make separate terms with the enemy. The people have a right to this informa tion, and Gov. Vanoe cannot justly with hold them. Some of these men may be now the chosen and trusted leaders of the people whom they attempted to so foully betray. They should be known of all men, in order that they may be given no further opportunity for treache ry. Justice, too, to the true and loyal men in the Confederate States Senate and House of Representatives and in the other departments of the Confederate Government demands that their treach erous associates should be exposed. As long as the unfaithful remain unknown the most faithful may be suspected as traitors. Gov. Vanoe must substantiate the serious charge he has made. Give us the names of the traitors. The Cincinnati Gazette says that scientific theorists have endeavored to prove by statistics that crime increases with the heat of the weather. July, ac cording to their figures, is much more prolific of assaults, murders, etc., than any of the cooler months. There may be a degree of truth in the idea that there is a connection between literal and figurative hot blood, but there are scores of modifying influences. A la boring man, for example, who is kept hard at work during the warm months, and only paid off as Winter approaches, would be much more likely to go on a spree when money was plenty and leis ure unlimited than at any other time. Then, too, the offenses which provoke a crime committed in the heat of passion are often ones not instigated by passion or mere impulse, but which are pretty sore to drive the injured person to frenzy. The present Summer has been an nnusually cool one, yet we do not reoollect any season when acts of mur derous violence have been more frequent in all parts of the oountry. Crimes of deliberations, such as attempts to pois on, have also been abundant. There is certainly more than ordinary demoral ization all the land over, and it often manifests itself in the most unexpected quarters. Some more potent cause than hot weather most be found for this con dition of things. We now have the fact established in a Court of law that the devil is a person ality; and this is, in its way, a great comfort. — Philadelphia Press. We suppose our contemporary refers to the “printer’s devil”—don’t it? THE “NATIONAL UNION PARTY.” The Philadelphia Record says the new “National Union party,” whose delegates met in Boston on Saturday, begins its career by a series of “safe hits” at what everybody else is denounc ing. Bat we doubt very much if a pro digious political edifice is ever built up on a “platform of platitudes.” One of the early statements of the principles of the now party, whose probable candi dates are said to be Banks, of Massa chusetts, and Lamar, of Mississippi (and very able men these are), was that “ the issues of the war are past and re conciliation is a fact. Let the currency alone, bnild up the credit of the nation until its notes are worth dollar for dol lar, put honest men in office, save the millions now being stolen and pay off the national debt." These ideas were somewhat expanded in a commonplace preamble and ten commonplace resolu tions, at the first meeting ot the dele gates of the party on Saturday. Take, for example, the second Jteolution, which declares that “ the has fully come when the people resume their sway over the nation and organize anew, which is useless or dangerous of the past and adopting ißßmeasn res as are adapted to the changeScondition of the country.” We cant* imagine anybody seriously disputing e propo sition thus laid down, wbatffier party he may belong to; nor canffie clearly see the great necessity for a 9* organ ization in order to convinceffixe people of what everybody admits, ■gain, the fourth resolution in this series declares that officers more careful of the nation’s tnotJlHan they are of their own, and outlays' and ornamental be discontinued, while the previous resolu tion had declared that “dishonesty in public office is a benious crime, which should be more severely punished by law than onr statutes at present pro vide.” The positiveness with which this proposition is announced, to make up for the dodging of disputable ones, reminds one of tho candidate for the Presidency, immortalized by Hosea Biomjw, who, after adopting an “eclec tic” policy and shnnning any decisive position which anybody could possibly disapprove, declared *with a sadden burst of energy that “My love for the North and South is eqnal, so I’ll just answer plump and frank, no matter what may be the sequel—yes, sir, I am agin a bank ! ” The sixth of the resolutions remarks, with most indisputable truth, that great combinations, monopolies and corpora tions, which tend to concentrate capital and oppress the people, should be under the strict supervision of law. This pro position, as thns. put, is entirely safe and ntterly unobjectionable, even to great combinations, monopolies and cor porations, as is also the seventh, name ly, that every effort should be made to secure to the farmer and manufacturer the full reward for their labor, and to make the transactions of trade conve nient and secure. The eighth resolution remarks that every promise of the nation should be a sacred pledge for the fulfillment of which in the most comprehensive spirit, con sistent with honesty, every citizen should feel himself personally bound. As if this last resolution were not suffi ciently indefinite, a ninth is added on the same general subject, declaring that “ a sudden inflation of the national cur rency in the interests of speculators or a sudden contraction for the same ends are alike disastrous.” But who desires to have either inflation or contraction in the interests of speculators ? We all denounce them both. The real question is which the new party goes for, infla tion or contraction, when not in the in terests of speculators ? The explana tion seems to bo that the new party is bound to Lave a platform large enough for the most contradictory political schools to stand upofc, rtnd'india rubber principles warranted to stretch either way to fit the requirements of the most ultra partisan on any subject whatever. Of its founders it may be said, in the words of tho authority just quoted, “ There may be folks of greater talents that can’t sit steadier on the fence.” It is not such parties that set the political world afire, nor could a candidate, as Hosea Biglow intimates, be considered anything more than an office seeker at any price, who on nil public questions should try to bliow himself to be “front ing south by north.” COTTON SPINNING NORTH AND BOUTH. The St. Lonis Republican says; “Random oonjootures are frequently made about the comparative cost of cot ton spinning in the South, where the staple grows, and the North, whither it has to be carried. All the facts, how ever, such as the difference in wages, cost of materials used, carriage, com missions, insurance and other items of expense, have never been given, and a judgment cannot be made upon the question till these facts are furnished. Some very interesting information, how ever, bearing on the snbject is sup plied by the Southern papers, whioh, if correct, shows strongly in favor of the South as a field for cotton spinning. Tho average profit of six representative New England mills for the last ten years has been a trifle less than 18 per cent, on the capital employed; in the South, the Columbus, (Ga.) mills made in the same time 35 per cent., the Petersburg, (Va.) mills 25 per cent,, the Langley, (8. C.) mills over 25 per cent., the Augusta, (Ga.) mills over 20 per] cent., the Tal lahassee, (Fla.) factory 20 per cent, aud the Columbia (8. C.) mills over 20 per cent. These 'profits are attractive enough to show that cotton manu facturing is a very good business either at the North or the South, but that the advantages are in the South. It is reasonable that they should be, for the Southern mills not only get cotton with out hauling it, but they have the ad vantage of cheaper labor. Thus the same bale of cotton that could be furn ished to a Georgia mill at no cost for carriage could not be carried to Lowell, Mass., for less that $7 65, including commission, insurance, transfers and other minor charges. This, on 450 pounds of cotton, reduced to3B2ponnds by wastage, is 13) per cent, its value, estimated at 15 cents a pound. The only offset to this is the greater cost of get ting a bale of cottou goods from Geor ; gia to New York, than from Massachn ; setts to New York, for distribntion; in | the one case it is $2 44 and in the other ■SI 41—a difference of 81 03 per bale in ! favor of New England. But even after j this allowance in made, the advantages ' are considerably in favor of the Geor i gia mill, showing that cotton mannfac ! tares, at least, can be maintained more cheaply in the cotton States than in the North, and that the people of the South can do the bulk of the cotton spinning for this country whenever they resolve to. < The census of Ireland, begun four years since and just completed, shows that there are 960,000 dwelling honses on the Island, a decrease of 360,000 since 1841. The population in the same period has fallen off 2,763,000. From 1861 to 1871, the decrease of population was only 386,000, and it is now believed that the natural increase will soon com mence to make up the decrease by emi gration. The survey of the Island shows that out of the 21,000,000 acres of its territory, nearly 5,000,000 are unfitted for cultivation, being either lake, bog or mountain, leaving an area of productive land little more than three times the size of Massachusetts for the support of five and one-half millions of people. Ten million acres of this is pasture, so that the tillable land little exceeds one acre to each inhabitant. Mr. Jas. Wilev, a citizen of Milton county, died suddenly a few days since. Fool play is suspected. TALIAFERRO COUNTY. Editorial Correspondenceof Otfe Chron icle and Bentinel. Crawford ville, Ga., Augukt 26, 75. The Superior Court, his Honor Judge Pottle presiding, adjourned to-day. There has been a large number of cases disposed of, and the civil and State dockets have been cleared. It speaks well for the morals of the people in Taliaferro county that there have been no crimes involving the loss of life or the serious disturbance of the peace since the last term of Court. The busi ness before the Court was mainly con fined to some civil suits involving very little, a case of assault and battery, one of perjury, in which the accused was acquitted, and a few cases of burglary. Judge Pottle congratulated the people on the peace and good order of the connty. In his charge to the grand jury, of which I will condense a few of the salient points, he referred to the unfortunate disturbances in the lower connties growing out of violations of the public laws. While other portions of the State are in a state of alarm he was glad that the session of the Court finds the connty of Taliaferro in a state of composure and peace. These distur bances elsewhere should incite us to mutual forbearance. If the races are to live together in peace the laws must be obeyed by all, and the rights of each under the law respected. We can have no peace, no security, no prosperity but by obeying the laws and having them enforced. Matters growing out of the relations between labor and cap ital are assuming a vast importance in onr State. It is unquestion ably true that the labor on onr lands is becoming less valuable and less reliable. In the opinion of Judge Pot tle there was a remedy for this, and that was the enforcement of the laws against vagrancy. Swarms of persons who ought to be laborers are seen on every day of the week in our towns. They consume and do not produce. They are eating out onr substance. They must live, and if they do not work they will live on the toil and sweat of others. Their bad example is demoralizing to those who are disposed to work, and as it is the.duty of the grand jury to see that all violators of the law are present ed, he called their special attention to the law against vagrancy The Judge called the attention of the grand jury to the lack of conveniences for specta tors in the Court House. Court houses generally are not properly constructed. The bar is made for lawyers and suitors while cases are in progress, but there are no seats for visitors who come to hear the proceedings. The speeches of the attorneys are frequently instructive, en tertaining and edifying. In the discus sions at the bar a great deal of informa tion is imparted. The public can have an opportunity" of knowing what the law is, besides the addresses are often scholarly, and have much merit. The Court House is a school for young men, and for the reasons stated there should be seats in every Court House for the accommodation of the public. Judge Pottle is zealous in impressing upon the attention of the grand juries the laws framed for the protection of the young. He thinks it very hard that when onr - sons are trained at home in the principles of virtue, where they re ceive lessons of morality from the lips of good fathers and pious mothers, that these good impressions should be ef faced by those who decoy them into the dram shops and gaming rooms. Those who throw temptations in the way of yonng men and ruin their morals are enemies to society and ought to be puuished. We owe a duty to posterity to send down to them a generation of honest and virtuous men and not one of idlers and drunkards to curse, instead of to bless the land. Much can be ac complished toward this result by having all the laws for the protection of the yonng and the innocent enforced. Hon.' Alex. H. Stephen** was asso ciated in a case with Col. Miles W. Lewis. Benjamin R. Reid, Esq., an old and prominent citizen of the county, was charged with perjury. The State was represented by Samuel Lumpkin, Esq. This case attracted a great deal of attention, deriving its prominence, of course, from the position of the accused. The testimony was quite voluminous. Col. Lewis and Mr. Stephens contend ed that the evidence was not sufficient to convict; that their client had no motive in swearing falsely and that hie character was above reproach. Mr. Lumpkin was positive that the evidence was sufficient to establish the gnilt of the accused aud so believing he tried to secure his conviction. The speeches on both sides, though brief, were able. The Judge gave the law to the jury, who after an absence of ten minutes returned a verdict of not guilty. Mr. Reid served in both branches of the General Assembly and the verdict of the jury shows that in their opinion he was en tirely innocent. Mr. Stephens looks remarks bly well. He is better perhaps than he has been in the last ten years. His voice is clear and penetrating and his appearance shows him to be on the mend. His appetite is good and his general health is better than it has been in years. The local bar of Crawfordville was represented by Messrs. W. G. Stephens, James F. Reid, Geo. F. Bristow, W. H. Brooke and M. O. Andrews. Messrs. W. M. and M. P. Reese and S. H, Hardeman, of Wilkes; M. W. Lewis, Columbus Heard and J. B. Parks, of Greenesboro; W. W. Lumpkin and W. S. Mitchell, of Union Point; J. A. H ablet, of Sparta; J. T. Olive and Samoel Lumpkin, of Lexington; and Paul C. Hudson, of Thomson, em braced the visiting members of the bar. Liberty Hall is always open to the visit ing brethren, and it is not unusual to find during the session of Court as many as a dozen gentlemen partaking of the hospitality of the distinguished host whose home is always the seat of a generous and unbounded hospitality. It is in reality Liberty HalL And who ever enters its portals is free to enjoy him self, leaving behind him the rigid conventionalities of society. vV. OUR TALIAFERRO LETTER. The Superior Court —The Business Transacted—Good State of Affairs— Christian Association Formed A Typhoid Epidemic. [.%wcicl Correspondence Chronicle and Sentinel .] Crawford ville, Ga. , August 26. The Taliaferro Superior Court was or ganized ou Mondav by bis Honor Judge Pottle, with a pretty full attendance of the bar, among whom are Messrs. Wm. £ M. P. Reese, and Hardeman, of Wilkes; Colonel Lewis, of Greene; Hud son, of Thomson, and Harley, of Spar ta. Several cases, civil and criminal, have been disposed of, but none of pub lic importance. The grand jurors have displayed commendable zeal in ferreting ont and bringing to justice the crimes of the county, which to its credit. have been but few. No murders or violent assaults have been committed, but the people are at peace and in the diligent pursuit of their lawful business. — Among the many indications of pro gress and improvement about town, there are none more patent than its moral and social relations. — This result is from a well regulated town government and the religious agencies at work among the people. A delegation from the Young Men’s Chris tian Association of Augusta have been here and I learn have made a good im pression upon the community. _ A large association was organized and is in suc cessful operation, and it is hoped will do more real good than any means em ployed for years. The farmers in most of the connties complain of short crops, which have been seriously affected by the drouth. They have not had a sea son about Raytown since the month of June, and the same is true of other por tions of the county. Typhoid fever is prevailing in and around Crawford ville, and has proved fatal in most cases.— Several gqg&citizens have passed awsy and others in a critical con dition. Visitor. A foolish young out West, in a newspaper office, desires to know why the police are not turned out in New York and the thieves put in. That is exactly what has been done.—Cincin nati Commercial (Lad.) STATE SUPREME COURT. Decisions Rendered in Atlanta, Ga., August 24, 1874. [Atlanta Constitution.] Bleckley, J., having been of counsel in the following case, did not preside. Hoyt, Carlton A Cos., vs. Glenn & Wright—Mechanic’s lien, from Ful ton. Warner, C. J. This was a proceeding to foreclose a laborer’s lien under the provisions of the act of 1869. The plaintiffs alleged in their affidavit that they were laborers and mechanics, and that the defendants were indebted to them 8662 92 for labor performed, and for materials furnished in the making and construction of cer tain four cottcfn and hay presses, and other presses of the same kind, the property of the defendants. The defend ants made a motion to dismiss the case on the gronnd that the plaintiffs had not alleged in their affidavit that the labor was performed by them, or either of them, who claimed to have a lien on the defendants’ property therefor. _ The Court sustained the motion and dismiss ed the ease. Whereupon the plaintiffs excepted. The plaintiffs allege in their affidavit that the defendants are indebt ed to them the amount stated therein, for labor performed, etc. For labor performed by whom? The plaintiffs do not allege that the labor was performed by them, or either of them, for which they claim the lien on the defendants’ property under the statute. According to the previous rulings of this Conrt, the plaintiffs were only entitled to a lien under the act of 1869 for labor perform ed by themselves, and for materials fur nished, and as the statute should be strictly construed, there was no error in dismissing the plaintiffs’ case on the statement of facts disclosed in the record. Sec. 45th, Geo. Rep. 561, 46th Geo. Rep. 112, 49th Geo. Rep. 388, Ibid 509. Let the judgment of the Court be low be affirmed. John Collier, P. L. Mynatt, for plaintiffs in error. Gartrell & Stephens, L. E. Bleckley, by A. W. Hammond & Son, for defendants. Bleckley, J., having been of counsel, did not preside in the following ease: Thomas G. Barrett vs. Jrmes E. Butler et al. Complaint, from Fulton. Warner, C. J. This was an action instituted by the plaintiff against the defendants ou a fourthcoming bond, conditioned to have certain cotton, and cotton seed, which had been levied on by the sheriff aud claimed, forthcoming on the day and time of sale, if the same should be found subject to the distress warrant levied thereon. On the trial of the case the jury, under the charge of the Court, found a verdict for the defendants. The case is brought here on a bill of excep tions to the rulings of the Court in the progress of the trial, and to its charge to the jury. The plaintiff offered in evi dence the deposition of the sheriff, who was at the time of the levy and at the time he testified, in office, to prove the terms of an advertisement for the sale of the cotton, and cotton seed, as contained in a copy of the same, annexed to his answers. This evidence was ruled out by the Court on the ground that it was secondary, and the plaintiff excepted. There was no error in ruling out the tes timony of the sheriff in relation to this point in the case. The advertisement itself was the best evidence of its terms. The evidence of the sheriff as to the terms of the advertisement was no better than that of Harper, or of any other witness as to the contents of the published ad vertisement of the sheriff’s sale of the property, and both were properly ruled out by the Court. The plaintiff then of fered in evidence the deposition of Wes ton, the proprietor of the Dawson Jour nal, to prove the advertisement of the sheriff’s sale, to which was anuexed a copy of said advertisement in writing, as a part of his testimony. The Court ruled out the testimony so offered, and the plaintiff excepted. In Schley vs. Lyon & Rutherford (6th Ga. Rep. 530) this Court held that in order to prove the advertisement of a sheriff’s sale in one of the public gazettes of this State as required by law, the production of the newspaper in which the advertisement was pnblished is the best; but if that cannot be done in the exercise of ordi nary diligence, then a copy of the ad vertisement taken from the paper of file in the publisher’s office, verified by the oath of tho publisher, is admissable. Tho evidence in the record does not show that the plaintiff exercised ordi nary diligence, or any diligence what ever, to procure the newspaper in which the advertisement of the sheriff’s sale was published, so as to bring the case within the rule stated in Schley vs. Lyon & Rutherford before cited, aud for that reasou the testimony of Wes ton was properly rule ont by the Court. The Court charged the jury : “If the plaintiff’s claim for rent was paid, al though before the withdrawal of the claim case in Terrell county, plaintiff cannot recover, aud if cotton enough to pay the rent was delivered to plaintiff’s agent, and by him accepted as such, it was a payment, and it did not alter the fact of the payment if this cotton so de livered was afterwards taken away from plaintiff’s agent.” To which charge the plaintiff excepted. It appears in the record that the claimant withdrew his claim once. after he had interposed it and after that withdrawal, the property was, as thd plaintiff contended, adver tised for sale by the sheriff, and the question is whether it was competent for the defendants when a suit was in stituted on their forthcoming bond for the non-delivery of the property on the day of sale to prove that the plaintiff’s debt had been paid prior to the with drawal of the claim by the claimant. There can be no doubt that if the claim case had been tried, and a verdict ren dered finding the property subject, and a judgment had been entered thereon, that the defendants would have been estopped from proving the payment of the plaintiff’s debt anterior to that ver dict and judgment finding the property snbject thereto. The plaintiff’s demand is founded on a distress warrant for rent and the proceeding to collect it is a summary one under the statute. The plaintiff insists that inasmuch as the claimant withdrew his claim, the defend ants are concluded from proving the pay ment of the plaintiff’s debt prior to the withdrawal of the claim; that such with drawal of the claim is equivalent to a judgment; that the property levied on by the distress warrant is snbject to the payment of the plaintiff’s debt. We do not think so. Estoppels are not favored by the law. The plaintiff’s right to have the property delivered at the time and place of Bale, to be sold by the sheriff in satisfaction of his debt, is founded on the idea that his debt is due and un paid, and that he has been damaged by the non-delivery of the property, but if his debt has been paid, then he is not damaged by the non-delivery of the pro perty, and the defendants were not estopped from proving that fact because the claim had been withdrawn, as stated in the record. The securities on the bond were interested in the recovery by the plaintiff as well as the claimant, and, in our judgment, the defendants were not estopped from proving the pay ment of the plaintiff’s debt prior to the withdrawal of the claim by the claimant. In view of the evidence contained in the record, there was no error in the charge of the Conrt to the jury. Let the judg ment of the Court below be affirmed. R. H. Clark, for' plaintiff in error. Hillyer & Bro.; L. E. Bleckley, by A. W. Hammond & Son, for defendants. Wm. B. Allen vs. Atlanta Street Rail road Company. Case, from Fulton. Warner, C. J. This was an action brought by the plaintiff against the defendant to recov er damages for killing his male child of , the age of two years. The plaintiff al leges in his declaration that the defen dant, by means of the carelessness and negligence of its agents, in the manage ment of its street railway cars, run against and struck down, run over and crushed the body of his said child whilst in the act of crossing Marietta street, a public street in the city of Atlanta, with out blame or fault on the part of said child, whereby the said child died thir teen days after the infliction of said in juries by the defendant The plaintiff also alleges that his child was sonnd and healthy, and that the services of his said child would have become at an early day of great value to him, to wit: the sum of three thousand dollars for servioes to be rendered by his said child until he had attained the age of twenty one years, of which the plaintiff al leges he has been deprived by the neg ligence andcarelessnessof the defendant. The defendant demurred to the plaintiff’s declaration on the ground that no le gal cause of action was alleged therein which wonld entitle the plaintiff to re cover the damages which he claimed. The Court sustained the demurrer, and the plaintiff excepted. In the case of the Georgia Railroad Company vs. Wynn (42 Georgia Reports 331), it was held that the 2,9715 t section of the new Code, providing for the recovery of damages for physical injuries, limited the right of recovery to a widow, or if no widow, then to the child or children, for the homicide of the husband or pa rent The damages claimed in this case is not for the honucioe of a husband or parent The plaintiff, however, insists that he does not claim damages for the homicide of his child, but for the loss of the services which his child wonld have rendered him until twenty-one years of age if he had not been killed by the defendant orits agents, as alleged in his declaration. The 2,960 th section ] of the Code declares that “ every per-1 son may recover for torts committed to 1 himself, or his wife, or his child, or his ward, or his servant.” This section of the Code as to the relative rights of pa rent, master and servant, etc., should be construed in the light pf the com mon law of force in this State, for it is not to be presumed that the Legislature intended to alter or change the common law in relation to the relative rights of parent and child, master and servant, and the remedies provided for the main tenance and enforcement of the same, nnless it has done so in express terms or by necessary implication. Therefore, under this section of the Code, every person in this State may re cover damages for torts to himself, or his wife, or his child, or his ward, or his servant, as he was author ized to do so by the common law, except when the alleged tort is for any violent injury, or attempt to commit a physical injury illegally upon a person, if such injury amounts to a felony as defined by the Code, then the person injured must either simultaneously, or concurrently, or previously, prosecute for the same, or allege a good excuse for the failure so to prosecute.—Code, 2700. The sec tion of the Cod£ alters the common law so far as to allow the injured party to recover damages for the tort in cases of felony, provided he will prosecute for the same on the criminal side of the Court, as specified therein. The object of this section is to prevent the injured party from condoning the offense against the public for mere pecuniary consider ations in the shape ot damages in cases of felony. By the common law, to en title the parent to recover damages for a tort done to his child, the gist of the action is the loss of the services to the child by the parent. In Shields vs. Yonng (15th Geo. Rep., 356) this princi ple of the common law was fully recog nized. In that case the Court says: “May a father treat his minor son as his servant, and sne for an injury to the son as for an injury to a servant ? If the son be old enough to render service, the father may,” citing authorities in support of that proposition which sus tain it. In that case the son was eighteen years of age, and capable of before' u9,'1H145%l -wti but two years old, and inoapable of rendering any ser vice at the time the alleged tort was committed, of which the parent com plains as an injury to his relative rights as such parent. No decision was cited on the argument based on the principles of the common law which would author ize a parent to recover damages for a tort done to his child who was incapa ble of rendering him any service at the time of the alleged injury, and we ap prehend none can be cited, inasmuch as the foundation of the action by the pa rent is the loss of the present service of liis child when the injury was done, and not alone for his prospective service to be rendered in the future. There is another ground on which the demurrer to the plaintiff’s declaration might well have been sustained. The tort complained of in the plain tiff’s declaration prirna facie amounts to a felony, and the plaintiff should have alleged in his declaration that he had prosecuted the agent of the defend ant on the criminal side of the Court for the alleged injury of his son, or alleged a good exouse why he had not done so— as required by the 2970th section of the Ccjde. The most effectual manner to protect the children in the streets of the city of Atlanta from the negligence and carelessness of the defendant’s agents in running its street cars is to prosecute those of its agents, who may be guilty of such negligence and carelessness on the criminal side of the Court, and have them punished therefor, and it was a duty which the plaintiff owed to the public to have prosecuted the defend ant’s agent for the injury done to his child, if the allegations in his declara tion be true; the law will not allow him to gue for and recover pecuniary dam ages for the injury until he has per formed his duty to the public by prose cuting the guilty party, or alleged a sufficient excuse for not having done so. If any view which we have been enabled to take of this case the demurrer to the plaintiff’s declaration was properly sus tained. Let the judgment of tho Court below be affirmed. S. B. Spencer, P. L. Mynatt, for plaintiff in error. Can dler & Thomson; A. W. Hammond & Son, for defendant. Jennings vs. Wright & Cos. Motion, from Fulton. Bleckley, J. 1. A declaration, in one of the short forms authorized by the Code, against the administrator of A., not expressly statiug that he is sued as administrator, but alleging that ho is indebted to the plaintiff in a promissory note, a copy of which is annexed, and the copy annexed being that of a joint note signed “A. & 8.,” is a suit against the defendant, not individually, but in-his representative character as administrator of A. 2. Such a declaration, upon its face, in the ab sence of anything to show that B. is still alive, sets forth a cause of action at law against the defendant as administrator of A. The nonjoinder of B. if alive and within the jurisdiction would be matter for plea in abatement. But after judg ment it will be presumed that A. sur vived 8., in which case the proper de fendant to the action is \?a administra tor alone. 3. Judgment in favor of a creditor of the intestate against an ad ministrator who enters no appearance and pleads no plea, should be do boniSf testatoris, but when not so entered it is amendable upon motion. Judgment af firmed. P. L. Mynatt, for plaintiff' ip error. L. J. Glenn & Son for defend ant. Sewell vs. Holland. Partition, from Ful ton. Bleckley, J. Tho first grant of anew trial on the ground that the evidence is deficient will not be reversed by the Supreme Court, unless the evidence is so conclu sive that an abuse of discretion is plainly apparent. Judgment affirmed. D. F. & W. R. Hammond; Peeples & Howell, for plaintiff in error. Collier & Collier, for defendant. Oglethorpe Manufacturing Company vs. Yan Winkle. Complaint, from De- Kalb. Bleckley, J. In reviewing questions of pure fact, the Supreme Court will be slow to dif fer with the jury and the Judge who tried the ease. Judgment affirmed. Candler & Thomson for plaintiff in er ror. L. J. Winn for defendant. John Doe, ex. dem., Noel Turner and George W. Adair vs. Richard Roe and Elizabeth Linam, tenant in possession. Ejectment, from Clayton. Jackson, J, 1. Letters of administration granted in another State have no validity in this State except such as is imparted by the statutes of this State. 2. Therefore, an administrator appointed in Alabama who institutes a suit in Georgia must bring himself within sections 2,614 and 3,615 of our Code, the provisions of which sections prescribe the terms on which he may sue in onr Courts. 3. These sections prescribe that such ad ministrator, pending the action, shall file in the Clerk’s office where the suit is brought “a properly authenticated ex emplification of the letters of adminis tration ;” tho filing therein of the ex emplification of the order for the appoint ments of snch administrator does not comply with the statutes of Georgia, the exemplification ahonld be of the en tire record of administration touching the letters, and particularly of the let ters themselves, which letters, by the Code of Alabama, are required to be re corded in her Courts of Probate. 4. Where administrators appointed in Ala bama seek to be made parties to a suit in Georgia, begun in the life time of the intestate, if they can be made parties at all to such suit, they can only be made snch by a compliance with section 2,615 of the Code; and if they do not so com ply, no recovery can be had on a demise in ejectment in the name of their intes tate, and a non suit will be awarded. Judgment affirmed. Wm. Ezzard, John Collier, for plaintiffs in error; Robert Baugh, for defendant. H. N. Hamilton vs. W. R. Phillips, Jr. Trover, from DeKalb. Jackson, J. Where the evidence is conflicting and the Court below refuses anew trial, and no error of law is complained of in the charge, this Conrt will not interfere. — Judgment affirmed. Candler & Thom son, for plaintiffs in error. L. J. Winn, for defendant. Philip D. Corry vs. The State. Em bezzlement, from Fulton. Jackson, J. 1. The Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company, incorporated by act of Con gress and located in the city of Washing ton, is not a bank or corporate body in this State, within the meaning of section 4,421 of the Code. 2. A person indict ed as the cashier of the branch office of said company in Atlanta, Ga., no law of the United State nor of this State having authorized the establishment of the branch in Georgia, cannot be con victed of the crime of embezzlefhent under said section 4,421 of the Code. 3. Where the transcript of the record shows a second count for larceny after a trust, framed on section 4,422 of the Oode, but shows that count to be bad as it charges the offense to have been com mitted with the consent, when it should have been, without the consent, of the owner, and where the mistake in the transcript, if there be a mistake, has not been property corrected, this Court can not resort to the second count, thus ap parently defective on the record here, to sustain the verdict and judgment below. 4. The proper time to correct a mistake in the transcript of the record is on or before the calling of the esse on the docket, and the proper mode is by a suggestion of the mistake in writing and verified by the oath of the party or his counsel. Judgment reversed. B. F. Abbott, Loclirane & Milledge, for plain tiff in error. John T. Glenn, Solicitor- General, for the State. GEORGIA CROPS. MONTHLY REPORr OP THE STATE DEPARTMENT OP AGRICULTURE. In the following report the numbers opposite rice, peaches, grapes, and corn forage, refer to the yield, compared to that of last year. The others refer to the condition of the crops, &c., com pared to an average. General State Averages. Corn, 85; cotton, 81; sugar cane, 87; sorghum, 97; sweet potatoes, 86; field peas, 92 ; ground peas, 97 ; rice, 88 ; peaches, 87; grapes, 96; corn forage, 89. In order to secure a more correct state ment of the corn and cotton prospects of the State, the returns from the counties of Carroll, Campbell, Fulton, DeKalb, Gwinnett, Jackson, Madison, Elbert, and all those north of them, have Jbeen -consolidated to themselves, and all the counties south of these also consolidated, with the following results : North Geor gia—Corn, 102; cotton, 96. Middle and South Georgia—Corn, 77; cotton, 76. It will thus be seen that the principal cotton producing sections of the State report a very low average, in conse quence of the drouth and heated term in July, while the grain region, in which a comparatively small part of the cotton crop of the State is produced, reports a high average, making a difference of 5 per cent, in the general average of the State. This division of the State has been deemed proper, to give a correct representation of the condition of the two great staples of Georgia. County Consolidations. Baldwin—Corn, 100;j cotton, 90; sweet potatoes, 110; field peas, 100; ground peas, 100; stock, 125; peaches, 100; grapes, 110. Rainfall, 5. Burke—Corn, 73; cotton, 75; sugar cane, 67; sorghum, 83; sweet potatoes, 85; field peas, 85; ground peas, 95; stock, 94; peaches, 98; grapes, 102. But little rain from May 2d to August 11th. Columbia—Corn, 80; cotton, 70; sugar cane, 90; sweet potatoes, 73; field peas, 90; ground peas, 75; stock, 93; peaches, 75; grapes, 71; corn forage, 90. Bain fall, j; no rain from July 8 to August 10. Elbert—Corn, 110; cotton, 95; sor ghum, 125; sweet potatoes, 100; field peas, 90; ground peas, 100; stock, 107; peaches, 27;'grapes, 90; corn forage, 100. Rainfall, 3.5; crops injured by storm and hail; too much rain. Emanuel—Corn, 80; cotton, 70; sugar cane, 62; sweet potatoes, 80; field peas, 75; stock, 100; peaches, 97; grapes, 102. Rainfall, 4.9-16; mean temperature, 84. Glaßcock —Corn, 66; cotton, 66; stock, 100; peaches, 90; grapes, 50. Greene—Com, 90; cotton, 97; sweet potatoes, 85; field peas, 98; ground peas, 95; stock, 105; rice, 110; peaches, 125; grapes, 70; corn forage, 75. Hancock—Corn, 90; cotton, 90; sorgh um, 105; sweet potatoes, 91; field peas, 100; ground peas, 90; stock, 110; peaches, 97; grapes, 110; corn forage, 87. Rainfall, 4.9-16. Mean tempera ture, 84. Hart—Corn, 100; cotton, 95; sugar cane, 75; sweet potatoes, 90; stock, 90; peaches, 60. Jackson—Corn, 93; cotton, 100; sorghum, 100; sweet potatoes, 95; field peas, 100; stock, 100; peaches, 50; grapes, 110. Rainfall, 2.56. Jefferson—Corn, 72; cotton, 70; sugar cane, 65; sorghum, 70; sweet potatoes, 50; field peas, 90; ground peas, 90; stock, 80; peaches, 70; grapes, 100. Rainfall, 3.75. Mean temperature, 74. Johnson—Corn, 90; cotton, 90; sugar cane, 100; sweet potatoes, 100; field peas, 100; ground peas, 60; stock, 80; peaches, 60; grapes, 110. McDuffie—Corn, 90; cotton, 73; sweet potatoes, 80; field peas, 78; ground peas, 95; stock, 101; rice, 100; peaches, 95; grapes, 110; corn forage, 90. Rain fall, 1.5. Mean temperature, 84. Ten ants will not make cotton enough to pay for advances. Morgan—Corn, 84; cotton, 77; sweet potatoes, 87; field peas, 93; stock, 100; peaches, 95; grapes, 87; corn forage, 100. Newton —Corn, 105; cotton, 100; sor ghum, 200; sweet potatoes, 115; field peas, 120; ground peas, 110; stock, 105; peaches, 77; grapes, 110; corn forage, 110. Rainfall, 3. Oglethorpe—Corn, 90; cotton, 70; sweet potatoes, 100; field peas, 100; stock, 100; peaches, 40; grapes, 100. Rainfall, 2.25. Oconee —Corn, 110; cotton, 100; sor ghum, 100; sweet potatoes, 110; field peas, 120; ground peas, 100; stock, 110; peaches, 80; grapes, 110; corn forage, 120. Putnam—Corn, 84; cotton, 84; sweet potatoes, 89; field peas, 96; ground peas, 102; stock, 100; peaches, 140; grapes, 100; corn forage, 95. Some sections have suffered for rain. Screven—Corn, 65; cotton, 53; sugar cane, 60; sweet potatoes, 73; field peas, 102; ground peas, 100; stock, 100; rice, 88; peaches, 42; grapes, 105. Crops seriously injurd by drouth. 9 Taliaferro—Corn, 70 ; cotton, 62 ; sweet potatoes, 90; field peas, 95; ground peas, 100; stock, 100; peaches, 150; grapes, 95. in July for rain; plenty now. Warren—Corn, llOj'cotton, 80; sweet potatoes, 70; field peas, 100; stock, 110; peaches, 125. Washington—Com, 77 ; cotton, 65 ; sugar cane, 87; sweet potatoes, 62; field peas, 80; ground peas, 90; stock, 100; peas, 100; grapes, 100. Rainfall, 2.12. 1 Mean temperature, 84. Drouth and hot weather from July 15 to August 1. In jured crops in part of the county. Rains since August Ist. Wilkes—Corn, 77; cotton, 77; sweet potatoes, 87; field peas, 50; stock, 95. Crops injured 25 per cent; by drouth. Wilkinson Com, 73 ; cotton, 82; sngar cane, 82; sorghum, 75; sweet pota toes, 80; field peas, 90; ground peas, 90; stock, 95; rice, 85; peaches, 115; grapes, 120; corn forage, 67. Rainfall, 4. Mean temperature, 75; rain plenty since Au gust 1. Rust in cotton. In addition to the questions on the condition and yield of crops, the follow ing were asked, and have elicited the subjoined most interesting and instruc tive information: 1. Have farmers bought on a credit to as great an extent this year as last 7 An swer, 92 per cent, of the correspondents report that they have not. This is an encouraging indication of a return on the part of the farmers to a rational, self-sustaining system of agriculture, which alone is profitable, as shown by answers to some questions which follow. 2. What per cent, of farmers buy ex clusively for cash ? Answer, 20 per cent. 3. What per cent, per annum is paid on the cash prices of goods, when bought on a credit, payable November Ist ? An swer, 44 per cent.; this is suicidal. 4. Estimate, from the best data at your command, the amount annually paid in interest by the farmers in* your county, by baying on time ? Answer, 67 coun ties report an aggregate of 82,078,500. Many others report the amount large, but no means of estimating it with ap proximate accuracy. 5. What per cent, of the cotton crop of your section is pledged for supplies advanced to make it, and hence will have to go to mar ket November Ist 7 Answer, 38 per cent., or more than one-third of the crop virtually sold before it is made. 6. What per cent, of those who raise their own supplies make a profit by farming 7 Answer, 80 per cent. 7. What per cent, lose? Answer, 8 per cent. 8. What per cent, of those who buy all or part of their supplies make a profit 7 Answer, 23 per cent. 9. What per cent, lose 7 Answer, 75 per cent. 10. Do farmers generally give daily personal supervision to all of their farm labor 7 Answer, 71 per cent, of the correspon dents say they do in their sections, while 29 per cent, say they do not. 11. Does such supervision cause labor to be better satisfied, and render it more efficient 7 Answer, 98 per cent, say yes. 12. Is the land in your section being im proved, or still further exhausted 7 An swer, 55 per cent, say improved, the rest exhausted. 13. If improved, what are the means used 7 Answer, correspondents generally agree in attributing the im provement to better plowing, rest, rota tion, green manure, and compost. 14. If exhausted, what are the principal causes 7 Answer. The usual answer to this is just the reverse of the last, with the addition of waste by washing. 15. Is land more rapidly exhausted and gullied under the cropping and renting system than when worked by wages labor? Answer, 96 per cent, report “yes.” The above responses, coming as they do from the most intelligent farmers and planters in all parts of the State, are full of lessons of instruction. While it is encouraging to know that farmers have bought less on a credit this year than last, the above report shows that there ia yet ample room for reform and re trenchment. We learn from the above that only 20 per cent, of the farmers buy entirely for cash, while those who buy on a credit pay at the enormous rate of 44 per cent per annum interest on what they consume, amounting, in the ag greate, in the State of Georgia, to the astonishing sum of 84,250,000 — four and a quarter millions dollars paid by the farmers in interest on what they consume. Is it remarkable that farming is not profitable under such a suicidal policy 7 No legitimate busi ness can pay 44 per cent, per annum on the capital necessary to conduct it, and live. Another instructive lesson taught by the above answers is the fact that 80 per cent, of those who raise their sup plies make a profit, while 75 per cent, of those who buy lose money. Let ns put these facts together, and study the les sons taught by them : Ist. Only 20 per cent, of the farmers pay cash for what they buy. 2d. Those who buy on a credit pay an average of 44 per cent, per annum interest on the cash prices. 3d. The farmers of Georgia pay, in interest on supplies—nearly all of which can be raised on their farms—the sum of $4,250,000, which is more than half of the bonded debt of Georgia, and is 14 per cent, of the value of the entire oot tou crop of the State. 4th. 80 per cent, of those who raise their supplies make a profit, while 75 per cent, of those who buy lose. These are startling facts, which, taken in connection with those developed in previous reports from this department, viz.: that the farmers of Georgia an nually lose, by the injudicious purchase and use of fertilizers, more than $2,000,- 000, and that one great branch of in dustry, sheep-husbandry, one of the avenues of escape from our embarass ments, is absolutely prohibited, by the absence of necessary legislation and the consequent tax of 15 per cent, of the whole number of sheep in the State to feed dogs, demand the serious consider ation of our farming community. What are the remedies for these blights upon onr industry 7 The difficulties tench their own lessons, and suggest their own remedies: Ist. Experience and these facts teach that, raising cotton to buy supplies to raise cotton, at present prices, leads directly to bankruptcy and ruin. 2d. That those who raise their own supplies make cotton a profit, and are prosperous. Indeed, correspond ents generally report that those who raise their own supplies cannot lose money, if they attend to their business. 3d. That home manures must be hus banded, concentrated, and judiciously applied. 4th. That farmers must de mand such legislation as will remove the present prohibition on sheep-hus bandry. With only 370,492 sheep in Georgia, the annual loss by dogs, valu ing the sheep at only $1 60 per head, is $83,457, which is a mere trifle compared to the amount lost to the Btate by the prevention of sheep raising. To sum up the whole in a few words, the farmers, to be prosperous, must —Ist. Cease to buy supplies that can be raised on their farms. 2d. They must cease to buy fertilizers, except to supplement home manures, carefully husbanded under shelter. 3d. They must reduce their planting down to a cash basis. 4tli. They must demand such a tax upon dogs and such protection from their ravages as will enable them to raise wool and mutton, and thus utilize, al most without labor, their at present waste or useless lands. The price at which the growing crop of cotton will sell will not pay the cost of production to those who have purchased their sup plies. Farmers are therefore urged to commence at once to provide against the leaks which are sapping thir finan cial life blood, by sowing largely o' grain, and especially of the rust-proof oats, early in the Fall; by carefully hus banding all the manures on the farm, under shelter, for use in composting for the next season’s crops, and by taking steps towards increasing their facilities for raising stock, and especially sheep. Under the present system, six and a half millions'of dollars which should go to swell the annual profits of Georgia farm ers find their way into the pockets of others, mostly beyond the limits of our State, in consequence of the suicidal policy at present pursued of buying what should be raised at home. Will not our farmers make their farms self sustaining—raise their supplies and pocket these profits 7 Discard the old habit of boasting of the number of acres planted, the num ber of plows run, or the number of bales of cotton made, and look well to the number of dollars of clear profit. TIIE COTTON CROP. Report of fce Augusta Exchange for August. The Committee on Information and Statistics, of the Augusta Exchange, made the following report, yesterday, of the condition of the cotton crop under their jurisdiction, for August: Augusta, Ga., August 27th, 1875. Tot he President of the Board of Direc tors of the Augusta Exchange : Gentlemen —Your Committee on In formation and Statistics respectfully submit the following report for the month of August. Our report is based on sixty-seven replies, from twenty eight counties. Average date of replies, August 19tli: Ist Question —What has been the character of the weather since the 17th July 7 Answer—Generally dry and hot to August; since then a very general complaint of too much rain. 2d Question —Is the cotton fruiting well, retaining its squares anil bolls 7 Answer Thirty-one reply fruiting well; thirty-six not well; nearly all complain of shedding, some say very badly. 3d Question —What is now the con dition of the crop in your county, and how does it compare with last year 7 Answer Twelve report better than last year; twenty-four equal to last year; thirty-one not as good as last year; a few say not half as good. 4th Question Has picking com menced 'in your section, if not, when will it become general 7 Answer—Has not commenced, except in a few locali ties; will become general from 10th to 15th of September. sth Question —State any favorable or unfavorable circumstances, not covered by foregoing questions. Answer—Con siderable complaint of rust, and too much rain since August Ist; early cot ton shedding its fruit badly; late ootton retaining its squares and bolls. Very respectfully, L. L. Zulavsky, Chairman; J. J. Pearce, E. D. Kelley, R. W. Heard, L. 0. Nowell, A. M. Ben son, Wm. M. Read, Committee on Sta tistics and Information. THE COURSE OF COTTON. Weekly Review of tie Liverpool Market. [W. C. Watts & Co.'s Circular, August 13th.] The market has been dull this week, and prices have from day to day ruled in favor of buyers, closing about an id. lower for American and Brazil, and l-16d. lower for other descriptions. To day there has been no improvement in the demand, but rather less pressure to sell, und the market closes steady. The sales of the week sum up 68,200 bales, viz: 3,640 on speculation, 11,350 declar ed for {export, and 53,210 to the trade, which with 3,180 forwarded makes the total deliveries to the trade 56,390 bales. In “futures” only a very moderate busi ness has been done, and prices close about l-16d. lower than last week. We now quote American uplands, basis middling, low middling clause, deliv eries August-September, 7d; September- October, 7 l-16d.; and October-Novem ber, 7id. to 7 3-16d. Shipments of new crop, from any port, October-Novem ber, 7 3-16d., and later months about 7jd. The decline in prices this week has been dne to telegrams from Ameri ca, reporting that the Mississippi river is falling, and that serious damage to the growing crop from an overflow is no longer to be apprehended ; to lower quotations from New York the first four days of the week; to the continuation of the lockout at Oldham, and the conse quent limited trade demand; and the pressure on the part of a few large hold ers to effect sales. As regards the growing crop in Ameri ca, now that the Mississippi river has commenced subsiding, there is at the moment a tendency to increase estimates of the probable yield. At present, so far as we can ascertain, popular esti mates average fully 4j millions bales, and some estimate even as high as 4J. At this time last year and the year be fore, popular estimates ranged, we should say, from 250,000 to 500,000 bales, and in some cases even 750,000 above the actual result. To-day, tele grams inform us of excessive rains in the Northern cotton belt' and Atlantic States, but say “no serious damage has yet been done.” This report has so far attracted very little attention. The lockout at Oldham still continues, and the reports at the moment as to the po sition of affairs are somewhat conflict ing, but the general impression seems to be that inasmuch as the “Union funds” are being rapidly reduced, that the operatives will soon resume work upon the terms proposed by the mill owners. From all we can learn, we sup pose the lockout at Oldham and in other districts (the latter now at an end) has, during the past three weeks, occasioned a reduction in the consumption in the United Kingdom of about 8,000 bales per week, or say 24,000 bales. The Bank of England rate of discount was reduced yesterday from 2\ per cent., at which it was fixed on 29th ultimo, to 2 per cent., bnt as yet this has had no ap parent beneficial effect upon the market here or in Manchester. Mr. John Meadows died at his resi dence in Newton county, on Wednesday evening, at 4 o’clock. Mr. Meadows was one of the first settlers of this county, and one of its oldest and best citizens. He was in his 84th year at the time of his death. He leaves behind him a record filled with good and noble deeds. The bonded debt of Columbus is $602,890 or a debt of $75 35 against every man, woman and child, white and black, in the city. THE COTTON CROP. Report of the Memphis Exchange- Condition and Prospects of the Sta ple—The Indications Bad—Estimated Yield. Memphis, Angust 27.—The Cotton Ex change crop report of the Memphis dis trict and North Alabama says that not withstanding the excessive wet and cold weather that prevailed since the report of June 26th the general piospects are of the most gratifying character. The probabilities are that a larger or better corn crop was never made in this sec tion of country. There will be abun dant crops of wheat, oats and millet, and in most of this region good crops of small grasses have been made and all harvested and protected, save corn. The latter has in all instances matured and only awaits the convenience of planters to harvest. 112 responses report exces sive rains, 64 balance of the time cloudy, 60 generally cold, 64 cold nights, 2 very dry, 46 favorable weath er; 130 report the cotton plant fruiting well, 30 not well; 103 report the plant retaining its fruit, 57 shedding seriously; 154 report the crops well cultivated, 6 not, 135 report better crops than in 1874, 24 equal, 1 not so good. The estimated average is 28 per cent, better; 21 report bottom growth only good; 67 bottom and mid dle growth good; 80 report top crop very light, making too much weed; 21 report bottom growth rotting seriously; 7 serious development of rust; 74 report perfect crops; 8 report picking com menced; all report it will not become general until September 13. Much spec ulative apprehension is expressed in re gard to the present critical condition of the cotton crop, which is generally claimed to be two or three weeks later than usual. Its luxuriant growth will require an exceedingly late frost, and un less dry warm weather succeeds there is great danger of the bottom growth rotting in the low lands, where the growth is already so dense as to exclude both sun and air. In regard to the damage by the overflow we have been unable to arrive at any definite information. In most cases our correspondents in overflowed districts have been so overwhelmed with their own cares that they wefre unpre pared, and some were unwilling to make definite responses. That very great damage on plantations sabject to the influences of flood by the Mississippi river has occurred will not admit of doubt. When the total destroyed and partially by backwater, in connection with the damage by standing rain water, are considered, we are con strained to believe, from such informa tion as we have, that the damage within that portion of the cotton region allot ted to this Exchange will not fall far short of 60,000 bales. The above report is based on 164 responses received by the Cotton Exchange. The aggregate for North Alabama is 20 responses —l7 report excessive rains; 8 balance of the time cloudy; 5 generally cold; 9 cold nights; 3 favorable weather; 17 re port fruiting well; 3 not; 15 retaining fruit; 5 shedding seriously; all report the crops well cultivated and better than in 1874 by an average 0f.32 per cent.; 1 bottom crop only good; 11 bottom and middling crops good; 12 top crops ma king too much weed; all report no pick ing commenced, but will average Sep tember 14; all report the condition of the crop the same as the Memphis Dis trict as regards early frost; no loss sus tained by the overflow; as to the crops, 127 report superior corn crops; 31 good; 1 inferior. The estimated damage from the over flow is not given. 107 report no damage to the wheat crop by exposure, 18 report the average damago as to them of 9 per cent.; the average yield per acre of 125 reports is 12J bushels; 128 report good crops of oats, 11 inferior; 20 none raised ; 130 report the crops well saved, 10 not well saved, with an aver age loss to them of 10 per cent.; 138 report good crops of millett; 70 small experimental crops; 117 report crops well saved, 24 partially damaged by weather; 19 report none raised; 128 report laborers working well. In North Alabama 16 counties report superior corn crops, 4 good and no dam age reported; 18 report the wheat crops saved without weather damage; 2 report a damage of 15 per cent.—the average yield per acre 10 bushels; 14 report good oat crops grown, 6 inferior; 19 report 100 saved, 1 not; 19 report good millet and grass crops grown, 1 none, 16 well saved, 3 damaged—an average of 3 per cent.; 16 report laborers working well, 3 moderately, 1 not well. SECRET HISTORY. Gov. Vance’s Statement of the Treach , ery of Southern Leaders. On the 18th inst. ex-Governor Vance, of North Oarolina, delivered an address at Greenbrier White Sulphur Springs, Va., before the Southern Historical So ciety. The Richmond Dispatch has a report of it, from which we extract the following under the above head : Al luding to the fact that much has been said about the presence of “an unruly disloyal Union sentiment in North Caro lina during the war,” and “the pre valence of the unjust impression that North Carolina could be easily detach ed from her duty to her confederates,” Governor Vance said that “it seemed there were some who presumed upon it for important purposes.” “Soon after the failure of the Hampton Roads con ference I was visited by Governor Graham, whose death we so recently de plore, who was then a Senator of the Confederate States. After giving all particulars of that conference which had not appeared in the papers, and the prevailing impressions of Congressional circles about Richmond, etc., he inform ed me that a number of leading gentle men there, despairing of obtaining peace through Mr. Davis, and believing the end inevitable and not distant, had re quested him to visit me and urge me as Governor of North Carolina to take steps for making separate terms with Mr. Lincoln, and thus inaugurate the conclusion. Governor Graham remark ed that he had agreed to lay their re quest before me without promising to add his personal advice thereto. “I asked who these gentlemen were, and with some reluctance he gave me their names—chiefly Senators and Rep resentatives in the Confederate States Congress. I asked why these gentle men did not begin negotiations for their own States with the enemy, and if they would come out in the papers with this request to me? He said they would not take the initiative. They were so surrounded at home and so trammelled by pledges, etc., as to render it impos sible. I declined the proposition, of course, and asked him to say to those gentlemen, with my compliments, that in the mountains of North Carolina, where I was reared, when a man was whipped he had to do his own hallooing; that the technical word ‘enough’ could not be cried by proxy. This secret piece of history will serve to show 4hat there was a faintness of heart and a smiting together of the knees in other parts of the South outside of North Carolina.” Governor Vance would have made his speech much more interesting by revealing the names of these Confede rate Senators and Representatives, and whether or not the list included other officials besides members of Congress. As it is, his revelation, without these names, is something like the play of Hamlet with that character omitted. THE INSURRECTION, Public Meeting in Burke—A Vigilance Committee Formed. [For the Chronicle and Sentinel.] At a meeting of the citizens of the 68th District, Burke county, called to consider the subject of the threatened insurrection, 8. H. Buxton was request ed to act as Chairman and J. B. Heath as Secretary. On motion of B. M. Blocker, Esq., a committee was appoint ed to report business for the meeting, who, after a few moments, reported the following preamble and resolutions which were unanimously adopted: Whebeas, Information has been re ceived that our lives, the violation of our wives and daughter, the murder of our children and pillage of our homes are threatened by the negroes; Resolved, 1 si, We regret the receipt of such information and the necessity for the adoption of precautionary meas ures. Resolved, 2d, We most earnestly de sire peace throughout our land. oßesolved, 3d, The conduct of the ne groes during the late war was such as to deserve our commendation. Resolved, Ith, We pledge ourselves to protect them in all lawful measures, and while we offer them our protection and award to them all the rights to which they are entitled, we insist we too have rights which must be respected. Resolved, 3th, The Chairman of this meeting is requested to appoint six of our most prominent citizens as a com mittee, whose business it shall be to visit every meeting of the negroes and arrest every offender of the law, award ing to the negroes a like privilege of at tending all meeting of the whites. The Chair appointed the committee provided for in the last resolution, and after ordering the proceedings publish ed in the Waynesboro Expositor and Augusta Chronicle and Sentinel, the meeting adjourned. 8. H. Buxton, Chairman. J. B. Heath, Secretary. I — . -—- Rev. Mr. Alman baptized three twin sisters at Rock Spring Primitive Baptist Church, in Morgan oounty, last Sunday, 1 their names being Judy, Julia and Judia i Cooper. Can anybody beat that 7 < THE STATE. THE PEOPLE AND THE PAPERS. Crops are good in Schley county. Thieves are on the rampage in New nan. Sumter county has hud a case of in fanticide. The workmen on the Atlanta Custom House have struck. A negro man named James Guiee was killed by his wife in Schley county last Saturday. And now it turns out that Bill Arp didn’t shoot a darkey. His gun missed fire, it warn’t loaded; the fact was he didn’t have any gun. Father Joseph, of the Church of the Sacred Heart, Augusta, visited Thom son on Monday last and preached to an attentive audience at the Court House. On Tuesday, 17th, a white man and negro had a rencontre on Main street, in Thomson, which was participated in by a third party (colored), who went to the rescue of the negro. The McDuffio Journal says: The mule which was stolen from Judge B. P. O’Neal’s plantation week before last found in Augusta last week. The thief, a negro man, tried to sell the mule at Murray’s livery stable, but his conduct was so suspicious that the matter was investigated and resulted in finding the proper owner as stated above. The town of Madison, Morgan coun ty, can boast one of the most remark able grape-vines in the State. The for tunate owner is Mr. J. B. Shields, who planted it eighteen years ago with his own hands, and he lias been rewarded with fifteen heavy orops of grapes. It has borne this year between three and four hundred pounds of the most per fect and beautiful fruit. The variety is the Warren—class Vitis JEstivalis. Tuesday evening, the 17th inst., While five citizens of Banks countjwere en gaged covering a dwelling house near Burns’ Mill, the scaffolding fell, wound ing them all severely. Mr. William Myze had his leg badly broken, and his brother Thomas had both of his arms broken, one very badly at the wrist joint. Mr. Thomas McKie, who was considerably advanced in years, was so badly injured that he died the following day, having suffered severely from his wounds. Bob Christian, the negro who sot fire to Ramah meeting house in Monroe county, and who, when caught a few days afterwards, made his escape from the guard, was recaptured in Upson county on last Tuesday. Several ne groes aided in the hunt for him and were the first to approach and attack him, when brought to bay. He seemed to be desperate and drawing his knife, threatened to kill any one who attempt ed to come near him. He was over powered, however, and arrested. “ Local option” has been in operation in Newnan nearly two months, and tho Herald of that pleasant little city re cently interviewed a number of dealers as to its effects. Liquor is not sold under the law in quantities of less than one gallon. The dealers claim that they sell as much whisky to the whites, but the negroes do not buy as much as they did formerly. The business is not as profitable as it was, but the expenses are less. One firm conducts its sales on a novel plan. It is called the “post office plan,” and the Herald thus de scribes it: Their stores are provided with little boxes, neatly constructed, and attached to the wall. These boxes are numbered, and coutaiu lock and key. They are long enough to contain a gallon jug and two or three drinking glasses. Gentlemen who desire it buy a gallon of whisky and, securing one of these boxes, keep it there and have ac cess to it any hour in the day. Being furnished with a key, his jug cannot be trespassed upon by others. This plan seems to be very popular, as these houses are provided with ten of these boxes each, and we believe thoy have all been taken. TO THE PEOPLE OF GEORGIA. A Grand Collective Exhibition of Georgia Industry— Samples of the Products of Every County in Geor- Gia, in One Collection—To be Exhib ited at the Great Fair of tho Geor gia Btate Agricultural Society, at Macon, Commencing October 18, 1875, and Continuing One Week. State of Geokgia, j Department of Agriculture, l Atlanta, August 17, 1875. ) It is the desire of the Commissioner of Agriculture to exhibit at the Fair, to be held under the auspices of the Geor gia State Agricultural Society, at Macon, Georgia, commencing on the 18th of October next, and continuing five days, samples of all of the products of Geor gia soil. Tho design is to exhibit, in one collection, the great variety of agricultural and horticultural produc tions of all sections of our Stato. This is an enterprise in which every Georgian is interested, and to which each should be proud to contribute. You are, there fore, earnestly requested to collect and forward to Macon, addressed to T. P. Janes, care of M. Johnston, Secretary of the Georgia State Agricultural So ciety, samples of the products of your section, distinctly labeled with tho name and post office address of the producer, the quantity he has for sale, if any, and a brief statement of the time of plant ing, mode of culture, or manufacture, etc. All except perishable articles should be shipped so as to arrive at Macon by the 15th of October; perish able products, such as vegetables and fruits, by the 18th. Growing plants may be shipped in suitable jars, or boxes, securely packed. Selections will be made by the Commissioner, from this display, of suitable samples for perma nent exhibition in the office of the De partment of Agriculture, at the Capitol. The State Geologist will co-operate with the Commissioner of Agriculture in securing a complete illustration of the resources of Georgia, and will exhibit in the same building samples of forest products, and mineralogical specimens from all sections of the State. All Georgians are invited to contribute to this display, and the correspondents of the Department of Agriculture are es pecially requested to see that Uieir coun ties are properly represented. Samples of goods, models of machinery, and im plements of Georgia manufacture, are are also solicited. Anything which will illustrate the industry or resources of our good old State will be recived in this display, which the Commissioner hopes will be worthy of Georgia and Georgi ans. Thomas P. Janes, Commissioner of Agriculture. THE INSURRECTIONISTS. Preliminary Examination at Waynes boro. The preliminary examination of the negroes charged with attempting to in cite insurrection commenced in Waynes boro yesterday. The investigation of the cases of the two Captains, Gray and Vincent, was first commenced. When the up train passed the village only one witness had been examined. Rumors of an intended attempt to rescue the prisoners having been made, tho in fantry company in Waynesboro was ordered out on duty. No eredence was given to tho report, but it was deemed best to be prepared for any emergency. A report was in circulation at Millen when the Augusta train reached that point that twelve white men had been killed at Mcßean and there was con siderable excitement in consequence.— This was quietly put an end to by the conductor of tho Augusta train, who de clared tfie rumor to be altogether with out foundation. Mr. James Gordon Bennett’s New Horses. f From tine Sportsman.] On Saturday, at Pier 44, North river, we saw eight fine horses imported by James Gordon Bennett, Esq., landed from the steamship Holland, of the Na tional line. The first one which reached terra firma on Saturday was a beautiful chestnut mare, with a blaze in the face and a white heel behind. She is ono of the wheelers of Mr. Bennett’s four-in hand team, and a very powerful mare, with great quarters and stifles. The mare is a model of the others, all of whom seem to combine power, elegance and blood-like qualities to an extraordi nary degree. They have the strength of tho draught-horse, with the clean, sin ewy legs, intelligent heads, prominent eyes, and small, pricked ears of the blood horse. They are all chesnuts, and the leaders of the four-in-hand team are very gay and stylish. But our attention was quite as much attracted by the ches nut geldings which belong to Miss Ben nett’s phaston. These are upheaded, beautiful red horses, with fine pricked ears, game-cock trottles, and legs like thoroughbreds. The whole were brought out under the charge of William Mat thews, the coachman, who seems to be a very intellignt, painstaking man, with a fair, open English countenance, down which the sweat was rolling in great beads. Besides the horses, they had belonging to Mr. Bennett a couple of Clumber spaniels, liver and white, and of the highest breed in England. New York Notes. New York, Angust 28.—President Grant and party, on board the revenue cutter Grant, conveyed Mr. and Mrs. Sartoris down the Bay this afternoon, the latter sailing for England on the Baltic. The new post offico building is in ac tive operation, the business having been removed from the old bnilding at 10 o’clock to-night.
