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About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1866-1877 | View Entire Issue (Sept. 15, 1875)
010 SERIES—VOL. IXIXII. NEW SERIES—VOL XXXIX. TERMS. tav. daily canatnr.i.K a sentinel, th oldest owa*P*r la l* POblUae? dally, *i r ,.pt M Term* : Per year, *18; *ti month*, (&; tbrwnootHD So. THE TBI-WEEKLY CHRONICLE fc SENTINP.L ! PUSH, toil every Tueeday, Tuurwiaj arid Katnr- Ter run: One year, *5; alx month*, *2 50. THE WEEKLY CHRONICLE fe MENTIS EL 1* pule jut ii.il every Wednesday. Term*: One year, *2 ■lx month*, *l. BATES OF ADVERTISING IS DAILY.—AH tran *ient idvertUemonU Dili be charged at the rate of ti par an aura for each io*ertion for the flint week. AdvertMemeaite to the Tri-Weekly, to -thirdi of the rate* in the Daily; and In the Weekly, one-half the Daily etea. Marriage and Fo neral Notice*, *1 each. Special Notice*, *1 per an nare for the flr*t publication. Special rate* trill be made for advertiacment* running for A moat* or longer. SUBSCRIPTION!! In all eaaea In advance, and no continued after the exptratlon of the time paid for. REMITTANCES ehoald he made by Fort Office Mmtey Orders or Exptaa*. If thi* canaot be done, nr .tertian against lease* by mail may be aei ttred by forwarding a draft payablo to the proprietor* of tb<> CnooncuA Mnrnmtt, or by ■ending the money In a regiatered letter. ALL COMMIT NIC ATION fl annotracing candidate, for vttce-frmn County Constable to Member of Cougruaa—will be clisrged for at the rate of twenty rents per line. All anmoneementa mnat be paw for in advance. Addreee WALSH A WBIOHT, Chbouk-i.k A SesTiKXi., Angmta. fta. Ctjtrom'cle anb jSfti#nf!. JFEDSESDAY. BEFTBEBIS, 1875. MINOR TOPICS. Danbury ba the champion patient hoy. He went to a neighbor'i) house for a cup of soar milk. “I haven't anytlung but sweet milk,” said the woman pettishly. “I'll wait till it oare,” said the obliging youth, Kinking into a chair. Mr. Ileecher being introduced to a Quaker gentleman at the White Mountains, said to him: "I understand your belief deprives you of some of the pleasures of this life." The other replied: “It’shields us from some of its temptations, also." The Governor of Kentucky has discovered a new use to which boy babies may be put, and he has commemorated his discovery by appoint ing and commissioning a hoy aged six months as uid-de-camp to the Governor, with the rank, title and emoluments of a Colonel. Monoy is so plentiful iu Massachusetts that one savings bank at Northampton recently re fused to accept deposits on account, and a Springfield bank has had to send money away for investment. Despite tho hard times the savings deposits are increasing, though the deposits aro smaller <in amount than usual, evidence that people are becoming impressed with tho necessity of economizing rigidly. There is trouble between two editors of Cam den, New Jersey—Mr. John H. Fort and Mr. Sinnickson Chew. The other day Fort was looking for Chew and honing for his blood, and it all may end with another case of “editor with a bullet in his brain." If there is any such thing as a police force iu Camden, now is the time for it to step in and hold the Fort. During tho presont scarcity of New Jersey talent, the loss of an editor or two would be felt. It will doubtloss prove a real comfort to thrifty housewives to know that the technical mmo of “hanks" applied to skeins of of worst ed yam or other thread; is supposed was de rived from one Hankemus de Brabant, a Flem ish weaver, dyer, or fuller, who settled in York, F.ugland, in 1731. “Hank" as a term for yam sounds much better than when economically applied as an abbreviation for the name of the household's hope, Ifeury Augustus. An old darkey approached a vender of fruit and askod: “How much do you ax for dem watermilions, mister ?" “One for two bits— two for four bits —throe for six shillings—or a fine, largo slice for a tlirip or picayuuo!” rat tlod off the sidewalk merchaut. “I'how! nap* ter, you must think I’m de man what bust® de Freedman's bank, don't ye ?" anil lie walkod sway without buying any of tho tempting fruit. — Atlanta (Ga.) Constitution. The combiueil height of throe men who wero at a Cooperstown, New York, hotel re cently, was ninetooii feet and three inches. It is the pride*of these elongated gentlemen alone that keeps them from getting spliced and going off with the circus as “the great American combination giant, fellow-citi zens, with three mouths, six oyes and a cavern ous voice that the repeats Star Spauglod Banner iu throe placos at one and the same time; all for tho insignificant Bum of t-w-e-n-tee-five coots." Will a few hundred of tho peoplo of Georgia be so kind as to lie down and permit the peace ful negroes, to cut their throats, that the Rochester Chroniele may he oonviuced that there is some foundation for the recent reports from that State ? By their present policy tho Georgians have prevented bloodshed, and if they hope for the respect of Bopublican jour nals they must alter it. Any disturbance with a little blood in it— no matter who gets hurt — is of vast importance to the Bopublican party at this time. The Milwaukee AVtr.t thinks that presenting l*reident Grant witli two Uiblos was “over doing the thing." The fletea is meddling with something which it does not comprehend.— There can be no doubt that the pereon who gave him the lhbles know best. It could hardly lie expected that one Biblo would be enough to convert a whole President, particu larly the present Chief Magistrate, and it will be a mercy if the American Bible Society isn’t workod to death before we do get just the kind of a President tltat Grant ought to be. One of our subscribers, an elderly lady, wants to know if we won't write something about tobacco, she beiug very much against the use of the noxious weed. Certainly we will. Everybody is aware that the use of this vile article is most injurious, destroying the vi tal powers, and tilling lunatic asylums and graves. It is frightful to contemplate tho ravages of the tobacco poison. Would that we wielded the pen of a Dickens, that we might vividly portray tho evil effect of tho weed. Thousands of persons have— A friend has Just dropped in and offered us a oigar. and as it looks like a good one we won’t write any more just at present —Rockland Courier. It occurred in Oshkosh. “Will you do it ?" she said, twistiug one end of tho strap around Iter hand and fetching him a “stinger" across the shoulders with the other. He squirmed and looked frantically at the keyhole of the door, as if he could crawl through it. “Will you do it ?’’ she said, aiming two or three at tho calves of his legs, while he skipped around like a great Northwestern grasshopper with the jim-jams. “Will you do it?" sherepeated. concentrating her energies for a terrific swoop, and dealing him a blinder over the eyebrows that made the cold perspiration start out of every pore in his body. "1 will!” he roared in agony: and they were married. The grasshopper is a little insect, but he has large powers of consumption and never travels alone. The official report of his work in Min nesota last year has just been published.— Twenty-eight comities, including 261 towns, were visited, and the following is the bill of fare of the winged pest: Acres of wheat dam aged or destroyed. 240,417: bushels of wheat lost on same. 2.646.862; acres oats damaged or destroyed. 52,125: bushels oats lost on same. acres corn damaged or destroyed. 34,139; bushels corn lost on same. 783.415. The exhibit is a fearful one. and affords people at a distance a more vivid conception of tho ex tent of damage done than mere verbal descrip tions can furnish. A young lady of engaging personal appear ! anoe went to Burlington recently and announc-1 ed that she was going to open a barber shop on i North hill. The very next day each married ; woman on North hill surprised her husband. , whose many virtues she hail long known and 1 admired, with a neat little present, consisting j of a rarer, lather brush and strop. And now, as oft as a North hill man comes home, the | wife of his boeom puts her anus around his j ueck and rubs her downy cheek against his i face, in all apparent innocence and affection. : but if his cheek is smoother than when he went away from home in the morning, she fans him with the rolling pin until he has to wear his hat on whichever lump it will fit on. A pair of precious scamps in Tans have de vised a most ingenious plan for swindling would be violators of the customs laws. They were in the habit of going around among tav ern keepers and others with samples of un taxed brandy which they would offer confiden tially at a low figure. When they made a sale they would bring with great secrecy a fifty quart cask to the purchaser, telling him at the same time to tap it whenever he pleased to see that the brandy was np to the sample. This the latter would do. and would make a number of gimlet boles, through all of which tbs genuine article trickled forth. The brandy would then be sent to be bottled. All would go well for the first few gallons, and then the run of brandy would eease. On shaking the cask a sonnd would be heard of gurgling liquid, but nothing would corns through the bunghole. After much trial and tribulation the secret was discovered. In the fifty litre cask a smaller one, holding forty-eight litres was suspended, full of water. Only as much brandy had been provided as would fill the space between the barrels. OUR LATE TROUBLES. The people of Georgia will be satis fied with the verdict in the case of the State against Cord ay Harris. While the evidence establishes the fact of a conspiracy, aDd shows the wicked in tent of the leaders, there have been no developments going to show that the great mass of the colozfed people in the distnrbed section of onr State had any well defined ideas of the scheme into which they were dragooned by a few worthless and turbulent negroes. There is no doubt but that the leaders meant mischief, but the timely and prudent action of the whites prevented the toll development of the plot. That there was can sc for alarm and apprehension I there is no longer any doubt. It is far better for the peace of the State and j the welfare of both races that the in ■ cipient conspiracy was nipped in the bnd; it is better that the State should fail to convict Harris and the other self constituted negro leaders, by a defective link ir the chain of testimony, than that any portion of onr State shonid become the scene of a bloody and unnatural strife. We can afford to let H abbas and those connected with him go un punished, because the evidence may not have been as direct and con clusive as the law as given in charge by the Court required. The people of Georgia and the right thinking people of other States, will commend the con duct of Jndge Johnson and approve the verdict of the jury. In the face of a provocation which arouses indignation and excites the most vindictive feelings, is it not creditable to the manhood of onr people—to their patience, their forti tnde and their forbearance—that no act of violence was committed ? Radical papers may attempt to ridicule the threatened insurrection and to speak contemptuously of the alarm ex hibited by our people, but we care not for their irony and contempt. The con sciousness of having preserved the peace and prevented a collision between the races by prompt and decisive action render our people indifferent to the praise or censure of Radical partisans, whose only regret is that fifty or one hundred negroes were not killed, in order that political capital conld be found for the next campaign. Georgia law and Georgia justice have been exemplified in the trial and acquit tal of Harris. Under the aggravating circumstances and the excited feelings of the community, the prisoner’s acquit tal is highly creditable to the Court and especially to the jury. THE CARBONARI. Wo find in the Baltimore Gazette a condensed account of this secret politi cal society, which became so notorious, and whose influence was so widely ex tended in Italy and France some sixty years ago. The name is from the Ital ian word carbonajo— literally, a char coal burner. About the year 1810, when the Neapolitan Republicans, alike op posed to the usurpation of Murat and the rule of Ferdinand, took refuge in the Abruzzi Mountains, they organized under tho leadership of Capobianoo a carbonari society, adopting charcoal as a symbol of purification, with the mot to. “ Revenge upon the wolves who de vour the lambs.” In 1814 the Tittle Neapolitan town of Lanciano numbered as many as two thousand carbonari, and all over the Abruzzi new societies were formed, whose political influence be came so marked that Prince Moliteiini was dispatched to them by Ferdinand, with a view of securing their co-opera tion against the French. But the carbonari, although their un willingness to bear any foreign yoke bad originally given rise to their association, leaned more and more toward republi canism, and especially when the expel led dynasty was reinstated upon the throne of Nnples they assumed an atti tudeof uncompromising hostility against the monarchy. From thirty thousand members the nnmber of carbonari all over Italy had been swelled, in one month (March, 1820), to the enormous figure of seven hundred thousand, in cluding many persons of education and good family. The place where they as sembled was called the baracca, or col lier’s hut: the surrounding country was designated a forest; the interior of the barncoa was ealled the vendita, from the sale of coals which colliers are supposed to carry on in their huts. Each province contained a large number of such bar rache, or huts, aud the union of the dif ferent provincial huts constituted “ a Republic.” The growing influence of the order alarmed the Conservative Gov ernments of Europe, especially the Bourbons, as since 1819 the carbonari had allied themselves with French Re publicans. The trial of the Corsicau Guerrne, who, iu accordance with the decree of the alia vendita, had stabbed a fellow member for having betrayed the secrets of the Society, added to the excitement. A fresh impulse was given to the French fraternity, and many Republicans of mark, among others Lafayette, joined the movement which adopted the ritual of the Abruzzi Carbonari with slight modification. The statutes of the French Carbonari were most stringent; . the faintest whisper of the secrets of the society to outsiders constituted treason and was punishable with death. No written communications were permitted. Iu 1819 there were abont twenty thou sand Carbonari in Paris. From Sep tember, 1820, to March, 1821, a separate committee sat in Paris on military af fairs, as the army contained a large number of carbonari. In 1821 the Government was officially informed that the society existed in twenty-five of the eighty-six depart ments of France, and the “National Congress" of the Carbonari, which had its headquarters at Paris, seemed for a time omnipotent. All the insurrection ary movements, from 1819 to 1822 were attributed to them. One of the cardinal points of the French Carbonari was to make Paris the political focus of the world. After the July revolution of 1830 many Carbonari gave in their alle giance to Loris Phtliatpe ; but at that time anew society of the order, more radical in its character, was founded by Btoxarotti npon the theories of Babecf, which Testa, who was a prominent member, expounded iu his “Project d’une lvepublicaine.” The Carbonari are not known to exist in Paris at pres ent, at least not nnder that name. The Allentown (N. TANARUS.) Democrat hits the H’orW, its Democratic cotemporary of New York city, the following sledge hammer blow: The New York continues its assaults upon the Democracy of Ohio, and is laboring openly and undisguisedly for the defeat of the Democratic ticket in that State. Its course deceives no one. The Democracy of the coun try fully understand that is in the pay of tUe Radical party, having long since forfeited the confidence and respect of its political friends. Whether in the pay of the Radicals or not (and we do not make the charge nor do we believe it) the World has been playing into the hands of the Rad icals in Ohio. It has done all the harm it could to break down the Democratic party in that State in order to bring about the defeat of Gov. Allen. GEORGIA TYRANNY. We are afraid the Philadelphia Time.s is inclined to indnlge a little in “sar kazznm.” It says: The inhuman tyranny of the white people of Georgia, and their cruel disregard to the rights of the negroes, are plainly shown in the in iquitous way they have treated the men lately arrested on the charge of plotting insurrec tion. Out of a hundred or so captured, they have only accorded a trial, thus far, to one; they have brought him before a jndge who was at one time a United States Senator, and a jury composed of white and colored men, and have given him a former Attorney-General of the United States to defend him; and this jndge has been ruling out all the evidence that dpee not hear directly upon the charge, and i otherwise conducting the trial with the utmpdt eli iciness. Of course this i only a wicked mockery of Justice, the real object be ing to terrorise the negroes; In proof of which we hake but to iay that the grand jury has in dicted only three or four others beside the man now on trial, and that the others liave all been turned loose. The President should send more troops to Georgia. AS OTHERS SEE US, Mr, Charles Nordhoff, correspond ent of the New York Herald, gives his views at length on the condition of Georgia. ,ge dpea not aoffina-to think TEncn oi onr agricultural status. He states that onr lands are worn out, and our people less intelligent and less able to manage their own affairs than the same class in Alabama, Louisiana and Mississippi. The reflections and conclusions of Mr. Nordhoff will not be confirmed by a full and impartial in vestigation and comparison of the con dition of Georgia with that of any other Southern State. We do not pretend to compare the old lands of Georgia with the rich alluvial lands of the Missis sippi; but we submit that we have man aged our affairs generally as well as the people of the States named in his article. It is inexcusable igborance on the part of Mr. Noedhoff to compare the con dition of the farmers of Louisiana, Mis sissippi and Alabama with the same class in Georgia when it is a fact patent to every man of the most ordinary in telligence that Georgia is prosperous in comparison with either of the States named, whose people are to-day scarce ly able to stagger under their oppressive burdens, the resnlt of infamous govern ment. In two years there has been an inorease of over $50,000,000 in the value of real and personal property in this State, as shown by the reports of the Comptroller-General, while in the States named by Mr. Nordhoff there has been no such improvement.— As other interest depends upon the agricultural, this increase in the value of property is primarily due to the success of the planting interest since the war. In Alabama, Mississip pi and Louisiana the reconstruction acts, the mongrel State governments and the military espionage and despotism of the Federal Government have depressed and outraged the people, demoralized their labor system, and in a great measure destroyed the agricultural interests of the people in those States. We have no data to guide us, but there has been a general decrease in the valne of all species of property in the States named, while in Georgia there has been an increase. Our State has been particularly favored in getting rid of mongrel government, the like of which still oppresses Louisiana and Missis sippi.' Whatever prosperity our people enjoy at this time, they are in debted for it to good local government. In putting the emigration from this State since the war at 50,000, Mr. Nordhoff is mistaken. Although his guessing is faulty his imagination is not. The people who emigrate to the Southwest do not find there a land flow ing with milk and honey, and they re turn home to old Georgia sadder but wiser men. Our manufacturing interests are pre sented as in a flourishing condition. The homestead and lien law come in un der the head of bad law. The for mer is put down at 53,000 in gold and SI,OOO persoual prop erty, while the Constitution fixes it at s3,ooo—realty to the value of $2,000 in specie and personal property to the value of SI,GOO in specie. Mr. Nordhoff has not presented our industrial condition in a promising light. It is true that we are not rich, but his picture of our condition as a people is calculated to do us injustice in inviting comparisons that are unfavor able, and, we think, untruthful, not withstanding the array of figures whicji he introdnees to snstain his position. We do not believe that this gentleman intended to do us injustice. Whether intentionally or not, his article has done it; bnt we presame the people of Georgia will survive his invidious com parisons and unwarranted conclusions. “THE NATIONAL CREDIT.” The St. Louis Republican, referring to a quotation from a speech by Wen dell Phillips, in which he declares that the money of all civilized countries “consists of paper and must rest on credit,” says “there is a very material difference between a paper note that is redeemable in gold, on demand, and a paper note that is not redeemable on de mand. A greenback is one of the latter kind. The United States ‘promise to pay nearer one dollar’ for it, bnt this promise has never been fulfilled, and it is now twelve years old. What is the credit of a man worth who does not pay his debts in twelve years ? The ‘credit of the nation’ is a term very vaguely used, and those who use it do not seem to know the meaning of it The nation al credit ought to be as good as gold, but it is not; it is worth 13 cents on the dollar less than gold. Besides, the more the nation’s credit is stretched the less valuable it becomes. The Govern ment has outstanding now $382,000,000 unredeemable greenbacks; suppose it were to increase the sum to $1,000,000,- 000; is it not plain that the natiodai credit which is supposed to stand be hind them would not prevent them from going down to 50 cents on the dollar ? The United States Government has re pudiated its notes at times; if any one doubts this, let him take an old conti nental bill to Washington and ask the Treasury to redeem it; the genuineness of the bill will not be denied, but the holder will be told that there is no ap propriation to pay it out of. This is an example of the absolute worthlessness of the national credit. The plain truth of the whole business is that a credit must be instantly, absolutely and certainly redeemable in gold, on demand, to be worth par. If it is not so redeemable, it is depreciated; it has only a conjec tured value, and no amonnt of patriotic talk abont the nation that stands be hind it will increase that value one far thing. Wendell Phillips himself would not give a gold dollar for a greenback dollar.” In his inangnral address Governor McCreary, of Kentucky, said : “I de sire an era of honesty, economy and jus tice in the administration both of oar State and Federal Governments, and peace and prosperity and progress not only in Kentucky, but in every part of the Union. I want to see the records of secession, coercion and reconstruction filed away forever, and the people of the whole country earnestly advocating peace and reconciliation, and all look ing to the Constitution as the guarantee of our liberties and the safeguard of every citizen.” AUGUSTA, GA, WEDNESDAY MpRNING, SEPTEMBER 15, 1875. THE RADICAL ROUT. The Philadelphia Times, a journal on the order of the Tribune in its indepen dent manner of condemning what is bad and approving what is good in both parties, characterizes the defeat of the Republicans in California as a rout. It says; If there is a Republican party left in Cali fornia it certainly failed to put in an appear ance at the late election. In 1867 the Demo crats elected Governor Haight by Republican dissensions arising out of the enforced nomi nation of Goerar by a packed Contention; but with that exception the Republicans have controlled the Golden State since the com mencement at the rebellion. Now the Republi cans 100-e Governor and all other State officers, three Congressmen, both branches of the Legislature, a United States Senator, and the organization is so utterly defeated that it can have no hope for the future. It is not merely a Republican defeat, but it is a rout, and noth ing is left of the great party that for fifteen years was omnipotent when united but its his tory. There, as in Pennsylvania and gener ally elsewhere, Republicanism was loaded with jobbers and placemen, who traded on Grant's patronage and made honest men turn with disgust from both master and dependents. They had their Camsbqn in Sena tor Sabgest and their Mackey m Secratary whose profligacy eleoted a Reform municipal ticket, headed by A. J. Bbyant, an old Repub lican, for Mayor, and filled all the other local offices mainly with Democrats. The revolu tion is complete in State and city, and Repub licanism seems to be a thing of the past on the sunset side of the Rocky range. Oregon will doubtless follow in the election of her Congressman, and thus the three State’s of the Pacific slope—California, Nevada and Oregon— will be anchored in the Democratic column for 1877. The time was, in the better days of Re publicanism, when its leaders won victories for the party and its principles. Now its lead ers win victories for their opponents by their reckless and appalling abuse of public trust. Pennsylvania has stood up under an immense overloading of venality and selfish ambition, but the camel’s back was broken last Fall, and it will be no very difficult task for the same managers to repeat the disaster iu November next. OUR TROUBLES WELL ENDED. The Liberal and Independent papers of the North are doing justice to the people of Georgia for their conduct dur ing the recent threatened outbreak in this section of the State. The patience, moderation and fortitude of our people are highly commended both at the incep tion and during the progress of the ex citement. Their recourse to and sub mission to the law for a vindication of their grievances has wrung commenda tion for the law abiding spirit of our people even from partizan journals. The New York Journal of Commerce, which is always temperate, just and dignified, has this to say of onr recent troubles: The white people of Georgia have shown good sense in their f cool and rational treat ment of the negroes who recently menaced tho peace of that State. Instead of going into a silly panic, organizing a vigilance committee and lynching the black leaders of the disturb ance, the whites were content to abide by the decision of the law in the case of a few of the most notorious of the instigators. Habbis, the supposed chief of the alleged insurrection, was the first to be brought before judge and jury, and he has now been acquitted, the evi dence for the prosecution failing to prove a criminal intent against the prisoner. The trial was conducted with impartiality and dignity, and the whites of Georgia receive the verdict with calmness and respect. The testimony shows, by the way, how wildly the troubles were exaggerated. The negroes, it appears, had no idea whatever of attacking their white neighbors. Their assemblages were for politi cal effect only. With- the xe’lbsse „? xi At. tho little excitement in Georgia has wholly subsided. It is announced that three other negroes will presently be tried for the offense charged upon Harris, but if their cases ever really get before the Court they will probably be acquitted. The other prisoners have all been discharged and have gone to their homes, and the militia are dismissed from duty. We are happy to record the ploasant ending of an affair which at one time aroused the appre hension of the friends of poaco and harmony between the two races. The negroes ought to be abundantly satisfied now that their white friends will act justly and fairly by them; and the call which has been issued urging the col ored race of Georgia, for iheir own protection, to seek a home in some other State, will proba bly fail of effect. A blessing in disguise is what the Chicago Tribune terms the explosion of the Bank of California and the death of Ralston; and another Western paper remarks that it was not a bank, but an inflated gambling house that failed. Its power was too great for the public good, and Ralston was the despot in whom it centered. Behind his graciousness and hospitality to friends there was an un relenting harshness to his enemies. He dictated the rates of interest, and con trolled nearly all the bank accommoda tions to all classes of business men. In everything he touched he was a mono polist, and his bank was merely the nucleus of his operations and the ren dezvous of the cliques he gathered about him. Starting with the mining inter ests, he afterwards established a mono poly in land dealing, and through that was able to control the richest products of the country—particularly tho grain and wool—and ally it with the control of the transportation interests. The steamboat lines on the interior rivers were largely in his hands, and he exer cised a great influence in trade with China, Japan, the East Indies and the Sandwich Islands. But the worst fea ture of his career was that he inoculated people with a mania for stock gambling. He tempted the whole community into it, and profited from the losses of men and women, too, whose scanty hoards were contributed to his coffers. He bribed newspapers and public officials, and was just about to buy up the Board of Aldermen when the crash came. In view of what Ralston’s power was, and the nse he made of it, the Pacific Coast can afford to do without him and his policy of progress and development. The San Francisco dispatches say that the mortuary sermons preached in the city churches were eulogistic in their character. “Virgil, in one of the most beautiful of his pastorals, makes the happy agri culturist describe the blessings he en joys and declare that a beneficent Power must be the source of them—‘for never will I call him less than God.’ Xkno phen, in the most famous chapter of his ‘Memorabilia’ of Socrates, repre sents that great teacher as arguing the being and omnipresence of God from the wonderful mechanism and evident designs of the eye, the end, and all the members of the human body. Cicero argues from the adaptation of man’s body to its needs, that God’s will was present in his creation. Paley’s well known argument for • design in the mechanism of a watch is of the same character, and Lord Brougham enlarged the argument in his preface to Palbt’s Natural Theology. All these arguments are meant to prove the existence of God as an active and intelligent will, and if they prove that, they prove of course equally his presence in all His works. Indeed, the omnipresence of God in volves also His omnipotence. His su perintendence, His will, both in the pro cesses of nature and the events of life.” Ex-Senator Ros3, one of the Republi can Senators who voted against impeach ing President Andrew Johnson, is now foreman of a printing office in Lawrence, Kansas. He has recently written an ac count of the impeachment trial. A Western editor returned a tailor’s bill, endorsed, “Declined; handwriting illegible.” OF, GEORGIA, What the State by Emigra tion—Profltablenf*ij&f Manufactures —The Small Fannefll her Most Pros perous Class. Albine, N. J., Sewember 4, 1875. To the Editors ofthcEfyw York Herald: You printed the oth day a letter of mine on Georgia affainjfwhich had been long delayed on the way; but came to yon in time to sbow somewhat of the condition of the State whose white peo ple have been alarmedjiy rumors, of an intended negro insurrection. It looks as though unscrupulous men in both parties were very Jo take advan tage of sneh an affaife and to “make political capital out of ft;” fortunately, in this case, the authorities and the peo ple of both colors havejacted very cir cumspectly. The negibes in Georgia have, as my previous! letter showed, some,but slight and lesAning causes for dissatisfaction; the fa®,that they will pay taxes on over s7,ooftooo this year, all acquired since 1866, |Hnd by a class notoriously unthrifty, stows that they have suffered no serious wrong or injus tice. The fact that oveff j 25,000 negroes have emigrated frtjfejjjjy State shows also that they know bgjlto better their condition. But action does not arise froßylpnga; for the wWjte@ also are disßati*alie'R>d an equal States. The chief diHoulty in Georgia is that it is an old Statt, with worn lands, whose near neighbors, Mississippi, Ar kansas and Louisiana, invite its people to come and take possession of new and fertile soils, where .(hey need no ma nures, and can get greater returns for their labor. Georgia and North Carolina differ from the other Southern States I have seen in this, that much of their land is thin and worn, and will not produce a crop, even in the cotton region, without the use of expensive manures. This, of course, makes cotton planting less re munerative than it is in the rich bottom lands of Mississippi, Arkansas and Lou isiana. Moreover, judging from appear ances, I should say that even in the old times, before the war, Georgia must have been a less wealthy State than those west of it. The landowners in the middle belt of the State do not call themselves planters, but farmers, and in general through the cotton raising region there are fewer of such evidences of wealth as one meets with in Alabama, Louisiana, or even Mississippi. It seemed to me that the landowners, whe ther they called themselves planters or farmers, are as a class less enterprising, less prosperous, more generally in debt, and if I may say it without offense, less intelligent than the same class in the other States I have named ; less expert managers, and less capable of adapting themselves to anew system of labor. There are, of course, many individual exceptions to this general description ; and lest I shonid be misunderstood I will add here that some of the most in telligent, capable and liberal spirited planters I have met in the South I found in Georgia and native Georgians. Emigration From Georgia. One evidence of a general lack of prosperity in this State I came upon even before I entered Georgia is the considerable number of emigrants, of both colors, who are leaving the State for Arkansas, Texas and Mississippi,and parties of whom I frequently spoke with at railroad stations. Georgia has lost in this way since the conclusion of the war, I have reason to think, at least 50,- 000 people, half of each color. The fact is that Georgia, though it is still essentially an agricultural State, has its greatest future as a manufactur ing region. It has a great deal of val uable water power; also coal, iron and other mineral wealth; it has a great deal of land better fitted for small farms and varied agriculture than for either cotton or corn, and it has.ready to the hands of manufacturing capitalists a numerous population of “poor whites,” whose daughters’ make exoellent factory opera tors, and to whom the offer of this spe cies of labor is a real rise scale of oivilizotion. The cottori*PSnters an? not, as a class, either wealthy or pros perous; but the few cotton factories are, even in this day of general depression, very remunerative; the iron and coal works are in a good condition, and the farmers of Northern Georgia are said to be doing well in all respects. I have been surprised by the unbroken pros perity of the cotton mills in Georgia. The Augusta mills have paid a yearly dividend of not less than twenty per cent, since 1865, and the stock is quoted at 168 to-day, and none is for sale. The product is 275,000 yards per week. The Eagle and Photnix mills, of Columbus, built since the war, with a capital of $1,000,000 and 25,000 spindles, have paid an average dividend of over eighteen per cent, and have a considerable sur plus. No stock can be bought. The Graniteville cotton mills, which lie in South Carolina, just across the border line of Georgia, were not fairly started until 1867 ; and since then, I am told, have paid off a debt of $75,000, in creased their capacity from 15,000 to 23,000 spindles, built over forty houses for operatives ; and have meantime paid an average dividend of over twelve per cent. But all these mills have doue a mueh more important work beside ; for all of them give employment to the girls and women of the poor white class, to whom such labor is, as I have said, a real and very important step in civiliza tion. They make excellent operatives, I am told, and the factory life not only improves their own condition in a re markable degree, but adds greatly to the comfort of their parents; and is, perhaps, the only means of redeeming this large population from a somewhat abject and degraded condition. Cotton Factories Prosperous. I think I can see that the cotton manu facturer has several important advanta ges in this State over his rivals in the Northern States. He needs no such solid and costly dwellings for the work people; land is still cheap; lumber for building is cheap; fuel is unusually cheap; the operative class is, I suspect, more manageable and more easily made intelligent than the rude, imported labor now used in the North; food is and must long remain cheaper; the mildness of the Winter is certainly an advantage, and there is an air of comfort and con tentment about these Southern factories which is very pleasing. The operatives are usually vgjy nicely lodged in cottages and are evidently happy and pleased with their life. It is among the factory workers and the small farmers of Georgia that we find the chief prosperity of the State. Here there is little or no debt, money circulates rapidly, improvements are seen and there is patient, hotieful labor, thrift and enterprise, which affects, as it seems to me, the whole population. I heard here and there of instances of poor youDg mechanics working steadily and earnestly, in anew England way, at their trades, making labor respectable, accumulating property and taking hon orable places in their communities; and some such men talked to me of their past and their future, of the hopeful change which the extinction of slavery had produced in the prospects of their clasß, in language which showed me that there is a new-born hope of better things in the poor white people of the State. When you strike the cotton region af fairs are not so prosperous or happy. In the first place, the cotton farmers and planters—the large landowners, less energetic than the population I have spoken of above—have suffered from two bad laws which fostered tbeir lack of business capacity and love of ease. The homestead law reserves to a land owner a homestead of the value of $3,000 in gold, exempting this from seizure by creditors. To this was added, I believe, SI,OOO worth of personal property. Of course, in an agricnltnrcl region, so large an exemption can be easily made to cover a very considerable amount of property. To this was added a lien law —fortunately repealed by the last Legis latnre—which enabled the planter to borrow on or mortgage his unplanted crop; the faetor who furnished him tools, manures, food aud clothing, hav ing, by this law, the first claim on the crop. Of course he also secured the handling of it I have seen the evil operation of such a law iu Louisiana in the slavery times, and in the Sandwich Islands more recently. It is ruinous, for it offers a prize to incapacity and un thrift, enables men to undertake plant ing with insufficient capital, and de range the whole industry. In Geor gia the homestead law doubtless in creased the evils of the lien law; and between the two it resulted that the planters fell over head and ears iu debt. A great many of them were regu larly a year or more behindhand, and if the crop—which is more precarious in this State than in some others—failed or fell short the factor took ail, and the la borers, employed to a great extent on wages, often lost all their pay, except what they had consumed during the year. I do not donbt that in some cases such loss and wrong fell upon the negro laborer through the recklessness or dishonesty of the planter, but lam satisfied'alsothat much oftener the plant er would have honestly paid if he conld, and that he, as well as his workman, was the victim of a bad business system and of his lack of capital and of busi ness thrift. It was one of the incidents of*the reorganization of labor on anew basis ir* a State where the culture of cotton is less certainly remunera tive than in more fertile regions. To show you how the lien law worked, here is a statement made to me by a planter of the charges which he had known to be paid for advances made by a factor. He instanced to me the case of a planter who required from his factor a loan or advance of $5,000 to make his crop. For this he paid one per cent, per month, to which I was assured seven per cent, per annum was sometimes added, making really nineteen per cent. Then the ar rangement was that the factor should buy all the planter's supplies for him, and for this service he charged him two and a half per cent., and billed the goods to him at “time prices,” which added eight or ten per cent. ,to their cost. Then the factor sold the planter’s °?i “ - believed such a system possible had I not seen precisely the same thing done by the sugar planters in the Sandwich Islands two or three years ago. Of course, no business except the slave trade conld bear such a drain. Some planters complained to me that they conld never get advances from the banks, who preferred to lend to the fac tors, but this will hardly surprise any business man. The profits were great enough for the bank and the factors to divide. One of the natural results of this system has been discontent among the negroes—the laborers, who often lost their wages. At least 25,000 of them have left the State; and this emigration, which last year already began to alarm the planters, has not ceased. It has been increased by other causes, of whioh I will by -and by speak; but I am satis fied, from conversation with leading colored men, that the lack of prosperity here and the well founded belief that they could do better elsewhere has been one of its main causes. Repeal of the Lien Law. The repeal of the Lien law has, of course, left the poor and improvident among the planters without credit, and they are naturally in poor spirits. But they will presently see that it is their salvation. Already they are planting more corn than ever before. They see that to raise bread and meat enough for their laborers will keep them out of the hands of the factors. More corn will be harvested in the cotton region of Georgia this year than in any year sinoe the war. I have given this statement of the in dustrial condition of Georgia because it is certain that many of the incidents of Georgia society grow mainly out of the fact that the State, and particularly the planting region, is far less prosperous than the cotton region of Arkansas, Louisiana or Mississippi; and is so mainly for the reasons I have given— the poverty of the soil, the precarious ness of the orop in the far southern counties, where it is peculiarly exposed to the attacks of insects, and the pover ty and unthrift of the planters. That you may not think I have overstated this lack of prosperity, I give you here some figures from a mercantile report, which I find in a Georgia journal. The busi ness failures in the State amounted in the last six months to the great sum of $2,956,215. This is a greater loss by far than is reported from any other Southern State; greater even than in South Carolina, as the following figures show. Iu fact Georgia’s liabilities are double those of almost any other South ern State, and more than tern times those of Arkansas: jrti Alabama,, Arkansas 1, Cvjui Florida ’235.000 Georgia 2,956,000 Louisiana 630,000 Mississippi 1,045,000 North Carolina 263,000 South Carolina 2,042,000 Tennessee 325,000 Texas 1,153,000 Virginia and West Virginia. 1,383,000 T0ta1..... $10,766,000 The liabilities of Georgia amount to nearly one-third of the liabilities of the twelve States—the liabilities of Georgia and South Carolina together amount to nearly half the liabilities of the entire South. Georgia compares as follows with other larger and wealthier States : Indiana • $1,860,000 lowa 436,000 Kentucky 2,456,000 Missouri 2,328,009 Ohio 2,594,000 Georgia 2,956,000 Now you must remember that, unlike Ohio, Indiana or Missouri, Georgia is almost entirely an agricultural State, and that her factories and other purely business enterprises have been almost without exception prosperous. These figures show the condition mainly of the planting interest and of those businesses intimately related to it. Charles Nordhoff. IS THE SITUATION IMPROVING. [ Columbus Enquirer.] In entering on another commercial year, this is the question that naturally claims attention. It is just now more perplexing to us of the South than usual. We have no reason to believe that the cotton crop, now being gathered, will be too large for the average consumption of the mills. It may, indeed, fall consid erably below our average contribution to that consumption. But we see that this prospect of a crop limited to the ordinary requirements of the trade is not securing a good price for cotton. It is now fully one cent per pound below the opening priee of last year, and among those who make a business of handling the staple, the propheoy of still lower prices is more frequently heard than the prediction of an advance. We see in the quotations of “ futures” that there is no gambling on higher prices for monthß to come. This condi tion of things argues the want of confi dence by manufacturers in an improved trade, however hopefully some of them may talk on the subject.' It also shows that speculators side with the “ bears ” rather than the “ bulls,” and are afraid to make ventures on the prospect of im proving prices. It would of course be idle to expect any general improvement of business at the South unless the cotton interest prospers. A few weeks ago we had a cheering promise of such an improve ment in this section of the South, in the appearance of the com crops. An abundance of com would have made the cotton crop a profitable one even at its reduced price, because it would have greatly lessened the expenses of the planter and set him up in good condi tion to make the next cotton crop cheap ly. But the hopes then entertained of a sufficient corn crop have been sadly disappointed. This section mnst buy com, as it has been doing, and the money with which to purchase it must come out of scant cotton crops selling at prices hardly covering the cost of production. The mere statement of the case in this way is sufficient to show that we cannot yet lay claim to the “good time” always “coming,” but which has for so many years mocked us with promises never paid. It is at least encouraging to know that most of the planters of the South made an effort to raise a sufficiency of com to supply the home demand this year. Un favorable seasons have disappointed them, but we believe that they will hopefully and resolutely make another effort next year, and if it then meets with better success, the first round of the ladder will have been mounted. With a return to the ante helium system of making com and meat on the cotton plantation, must come better times for the South. Our planters will not then be compelled to throw their cotton upon the market at a stipulated time early in the season, and the arbitrary regulation of the price of the staple will not be so much in the hands of the speculators who control the supply of money with which it is to be bought. Even in the hour of failure and disappointment he can discern the strait forward course that* if persistently followed, mnst lead onr section out of its difficulties and make it again the most prosperous por tion of the Union. The grave of Thomas H. Benton, the Missouri statesman, in Bellefontaine Cemetery, St. Louis, has been neglect ed until it has become overgrown with weeds. EMORY COLLEGE, The Next Session—A Fine Outlook. Oxford, Ga, September 3, 1875. Editors Chronicle and Sentinel : It may be gratifying to the friends of Emory College to learn that the Fall term is opening up propitiously. Al ready about forty new students have ar rived, and the cry is, “Still they come.” All the old ones except two or three will return, and the number in attendance will be mneh larger than for several years. Among the new reoruits are a nnmber of as fine looking young men as can be fonnd in the country, and they will donbtless be a valuable acquisition to the social and intellectual status of the institution. At r meeting of the Board of Trustees yesterday Mr. J. M. Bonnell, A. M., of Maeon, Ga., was elected Professor of Natural Sciences, to fill the vacancy oc casioned by the resignation of Rev. I. T. Hopkins. This is said to be an ad mirable selection, and will add new vim and ardor to this department of the college curriculum. Mr. Bonnell, in many re speots, is the equal of his venerable father, the former President of the Wes leyan Female College, and reputed one of the best teachers in the United States. With such a corps of instrnc tndrongh "collegiate edneation, the health, moral and social advantages of Oxford," old Emory is destined to a career of prosperity. “So mote it be.” Abdiel. LETTER FROM GREENE COUNTY. Crop Prospects. • Woodville, Greene Cos., Ga., ) September 6th, 1875. j Editors Chronicle and Sentinel : Your correspondent has thought best to dot you down a few notes in relation to the crop prospects in this seotion. Having in the past three days examined many crops and received the opinions of some of onr best and most experienced farmers iu Greene and Oglethorpe counties on the prospects, is forced to the honest, though reluotant belief that while we may be able, and doubtless will have our oorn oribs at home another year, yet our monied crop, “eotten,” will be muoh shorter than was expected and believed twenty days ago. Some estimate at least one-fourth off. Full grown bolls made their appearance un usually soon this year at the top of the stalks, and upon close examination we find them far apart, with no interme diate crop that can possibly be matured, inasmuch as maturity has already ar rived, accompanied in many places with rust, whioh is a fell destroyer. This is hard, when we take into consideration the cost of production and the present ruling prioes—the former, I boldly as sert (with all the gifts to onr ever de manding laborer in the bill), to be nearer twenty cents than the present and most probable season’s ruling price, twelve and a half, which would not be materially affected was the Georgia crop an entire failure. I have just seen a letter from one of Mississippi’s best and most reliable farmers, who has visited in the last thir ty days most all the trans-Mississippi and western cotton belt. Asa whole, he claims a good crop, and I know from my own observation that a splendid cot ton crop is made through all the North Oarolina cotton belt far down into Virgin ia. Also, that good cotton is now growing and about made aronnd Petersburg, Va., and I doubt not that this extension of cotton area northward and westward is general. Let the farmers be convinc ed of these facts, then we can and will have hog, hominy and and. rust proof oats at home. D. EX-PRESIDENT DAVIS. His Treatment of Prisoners of War- Experience of an Ex-Confederate Officer. Editors Chronicle and Sentinel : The arUcle of “F, ft- A.y,j>n &Mi "recalls my experience 'ft’itb* him on subject of the treatment of pris oners of war. Having the misfortune to have been captured in the raid made by General Morgan beyond the Ohio river and hav ing been incarcerated for eight months in the penitentiary at Columbus, Ohio, my head shaved and other outrageous indignities heaped upon me and the other Confederate prisoners of war (?), and having been removed thence to Fort Delaware, where thousands of our soldiers were immured (many hundreds of whom died from the effects produced by the brackish water we were com pelled to use, each drink of which cre ated a burning thirst for more), I con ceived that I had good ground for the opinion that our Government had weakly and criminally neglected us, and upon my arrival in Richmond I gave expres sion, in no mild terms, to the indigna tion swelling within me. I remember well the evening that I called upon President Davis. I was accom panied by six members of the Con federate Congress who were impressed by my complaints and who went with me to give their support to my protest, and who agreed with me that retaliation should have been resorted to when the Confederates were first placed in the penitentiary, several of whom had advo cated that course at the time. After the usual civilties the President turned to me and said he learned I was •just from a Northern prison, and asked me which one. Struggling as well as I could against the nervousness incident to the surroundings, and, with indignation as strongly expressed as my words could make it, I told “the story of my recent awful prison houses,” and candidly said to the President that each and every officer confined in that convict prison censured him for not retaliating by placing double the number of Federal officers in the penitentiary at Richmond. Imagine my surprise when the Presi dent, after expressing the deepest sym pathy for all our prisoners North, and especially for those treated as convicts, said: “No! I will never agree to punish unarmed and defenseless pris oners for the acts of others.” War, he said, was terrible and cruel enough without resorting to savage punishment of defenseless prisoners, and that he had humiliated his Govern ment and himself three several times by proposing through Colonel Ould to Gen. Hancock, then in command at Fortress Monroe; that all his efforts to secure a cartel for the exchange of pris oners having failed, he proposed that the United States Government appoint three or more commissioners to come South and take charge of the Federal prisoners held by ns; to receive through the lines under flag of truce all needful supplies, such as medicines, blankets, clothing and commissary rations if they preferred; that all supplies were to be transported and stored free of charge; that the commissioners should have the greatest liberty of action possible in time of war; that they could go from prison to prison, but could not return through the lines to their homes; that we should be permitted the same priv ileges as were granted the commission ers from the North, with the additional privilege of shipping a specified number of bales of cotton through their lines to a neutral port to be sold there for the purpose of buying the necessaries for the use of our prisoners. But no, though his proposal had not been treat ed even decorously, that was no reason for punishing prisoners who were in no ways responsible for the action of their home Government. Much more of a like character did our Chief Executive say, and all the time he was talking I wished sincerely that every man, woman and child in the North could have heard his every word. When I bade him good night I felt I was leaving the pres ence of a true and charitable Christian, who was much misunderstood by the people North. There is much I could say of what I saw and endured in Columbus and Fort Delaware—of the imprisoning of some of our officers in dungeons—the doctor going to the dungeons twice a day to feel the pulses of the unhappy prison ers to see how much more they could endure and not die. How the recently elected Governor of Kentucky, the gal lant and courteous McCreary, was brought out at the expiration of four days—Doctor Loving deciding he could not endure further punishment —how the others were returned at the mid of six days looking like ghosts—the blood actually oozing from under Cap tain Barton’s finger nails—how Lieut. Cole vomited from his first taste of meat and fresh air after six days upon half rations of bread and water. I could also describe the horrible fare at Fort Delaware, where we were fed by eon tract at about fourteen cents a day upon rusty shoulders and bad bread. Where several officers were shot down in cold blood and where hundreds of our poor boys literally wasted to death from the effect of drinking salt water and eating bad food and where I saw about twenty corpses in the dead house at one time, and three or four youDg men studying surgery were practicing dissection upon our emaciated dead. These and many more horrors I could state but I write this merely to vindicate our Cbristiau President from the charges of cruelty to prisoners of war and place the onus of failure to exchange first, and, that failing then to alleviate the sufferings by the appointment of commissioners of prisoners where it belongs on the Washington Government. Whole chapters might be written abont the aotion of the Northern Gov ernment in selecting the bleak, cold prisons of camps Chase and Douglass, Johnston’s Island, Elmira, and other ex tremely cold localities for imprisoning our Southern soldiers, who were unused to cold and were too thinly clad for the rigors of that climate. But I desist. A Prisoner of War. THE NEXT GOVERNOR. A Georgia Editor Interviews the As pirants Smith and Colquitt Beat the Bush—James and Gartrell Show Their Hands. [Neuman Star.] Having a leisure day in Atlanta last wee^wtMNSiwdudedTo call upon (for we don t interview) some of the prominent aspirants for the next Governorship. Out of regard to his position, we first visited his Excellency, Gov. James M. Smith, And after assnriqc ourself of the robust condition of his health, and begging of him not to overdo himself, we delicate ly opened out on the Governor business as follows : Governor, as you are well aware, one of the great questions which now agitato the public mind is, who shall be the next Governor ? It has been said by some that you was opposed to a third teim on constitutional grounds, while others say you will be in the field. Have you any objection to inform me privately and confidentially, and “not to go any further,” whether your name will be offered in the race next year. The Gov ernor locked his left thumb in the arm hole of his best everyday jacket and raising his right hand toward the hand some freseoe work on the ceiling of his elegant office, and winking one eye at Pete Alexander, while the other pre sented a solid front to us, ho solemnly observed : F—, lam going to squelch the nigger insurrection if I have to call out the entire army and navy of Georgia, for you know, under the Constitution, I am commander-in-chief of the marines as well as the militia; I have got it about squelched at Sandersville, I’ve sent Sam Williams to squelch it in Pickens county and if it breaks out in Dade I shall send “ Pete ” to squelch ’em, for he knows more about politics than Sam or myself, and by the way F , how are the crops in Coweta ? After informing his Excellency that if it had rained more at the right time there would have been a surplus of pumpkins made to entirely extinguish the demand for the Western fruit, we again approached the Governor question and modestly intimated that he had not told us whether he was “ going to run.” By the way, says he, did you ever see our new water works, they are tho eighth wonder of the world, you must get Mayor Hammock to show them. I say, Peter, what time is it ? my watch has run down. Peter told him, and the Governor told us that he had an engagement at precisely that hour, but to keep our seat, he would be back in two hours, but the seat had got hot and we left, somewhat chagrined but nowise discouraged. We next struck for the quarters of General A. H. Colquitt. Found him in, and apparently glad to see us. We assured him that we never met an old army comrade but what we felt a gush of tenderness flowing towards him like rivers of water. He asstjred us of his reciprocity. We then approached 4he gubornatomi YJffeStioh By parrailbi lines, and when we asked the General if he was going to run, he struck out on direct trade. You see, Captain, said lie, (we military men are particular about recognizing each others rank) you see, now that Atlanta has become a port of entry, and the waterworks have proven a success, as soon as the Custom House is completed, you will see the largest ocean steamers of twelve hundred tons burthen steaming up Marietta street and anchoring between the Custom House and the Capitol building, discharging on the starboard side its precious cargo of foreign goods, and on the larboard side its still more precious freight of politicians coming to the Legislature, then return to Europe loaded down to the gun-vales with the fleecy staple, onee known as King Cotton. Yes, we said that will be very nice, but how about the Governorship ? Be patient my enthusiastic young friend, I am now preparing an elaborate address to be de livered to the Grangers on the practica bility of introducing into general use the cultivation of the Ramie plant, the best fertilizers to be used in manuring the land for that peculiar vegetable, and also the best way to feed it to stock, so as to obviate to a great extent the pro duction of Indian corn. At this stage of the conversation we arose to depart, satisfied that the General wasn’t going to tell us whether he should run or not, and the General twinkled us a merry good-bye out of those little, keen black eyes of his. Nothing daunted, however, we broke for a man that we knew would tell it. We found the Hon. John H. James Busily engaged sitting down in his bank parlor reading a Baptist tract on “reli gion made easy” or the “short cut to Heaven,” by the Byars brothers, illus trated with a handsome steel engraving of John H. James as lie appeared when making an agricultural speech on finance at a Grangers’ meeting. He wa#glad to see us, and when we asked him the great question should he run? he solemnly observed that the people were pushing it upon him, and although it would be a serious pecuniary sacrifice that he should acoept the office, yet he could not resist. I shall undoubtedly be the next Gover nor of Georgia. My letter on finance struck the key note of the popular heart. What the people want is more money. Under my system every man can be his own banker, and when he gets out of funds all he has to do is to issue a currency of his own, which will circulate as good as gold. Then again I know more abouWarming than either Colquitt or Hardeman, and Smith don’t even know what season of the year *o graft turnips. Then my religious char acter will help me. Hardeman has no religion and Smith is a desperate sinner. It is true Colquitt is a church member, but he never built a meeting house or kept up a standing revival at his own expense. We left James satisfied that he is the coming man. Just as we were going to partake of some refreshments the vision of Gen. L. J. Gartrell Burst upon our gaze. The General smole a benevolent smile upon us, and that good eye of his gushed with a tender ness toward us that reminded us forcibly of “Love’s Young Dream.” You see how it is, said the General, James is a clever man, but his war record isn’t clear; that will kill him off. Colquitt’s and Hardeman’s friends are about equal, and neither will yield to the other; a compromise man will be nominated; I am the man that the eyes of the people are upon. If I am nominated I shall probably consent to run, and we believe the General was sincere in this last ob servation. As we retired we asked the General if he would “take something,” but he gave us to understand that the temperance people would form an ele ment of strength in the next campaign, and that he had already formed combi nations with the Knights of Jericho and Sons of Temperance. We then bowed ourselves away to a beer garden, and plaintively meditated upon the folly of human greatness and the excellence of lager. Mrs. Mary Vaughan, of Williamson coanty, Tenn., celebrated her hundredth birthday on the 27th ult. Her fifteen children, fourteen of whom are married, are all living. Over a hundred of her 450 living descendants were present. The family is not only large in numbers, but in size, few of the men being under six feet even down to the fourth genera tion. Women will be women, and nothing is too absnrd for them to do when there are no strong, clear-headed persons of the other sex to hold them in oheck. Mrs. Julia Ward Howe has just been illustrating this fact by giving a tea party at which it was necessary for every one to be dressed and decorated with blue from heels to head. Forty people were present at the ridiculous entertainment, NUMBER 37 THE STATE. THE DEOPLE AND THE PAPERS. Mr. Minor Guinn died near Coving ton recently. Miss Oregon Oliver died in Americus, August 31st. Emiiia Augusta Rhodes died iu Grif fin, August 15th. MrsJ Sarah Kirkpatrick died in Rock dale county recently. Mr. P. a. Stovall becomes local edi tor of the Athens Georgian. Mr. J. H. Lumpkin, of Athens, has gone tt> Atlanta to study law. R-W. Jones, of Covington, will open the Siijas House, in LaGrange, October Ist. Mr. .R. H. Powell has moved from Texas to Thomson, where he will mer chandise. It took 229 miles of bagging to cover the cotton warehoused in Columbus last season. Twehiy-six persons have joined the Baptist church in Griffiu during the re vival now going on there. The rumor comes to us that the editor of the Warrenton Clipper is going a iLhiug to pliosphoriae lna brain, - The Warrenton Clipper says : “We boast of a high Christian civilization.” Really, now, are you quite sure? Gallaher’s Independent , of Quitman, has been sold to Messrs. Hall aud Mc- Intosh, of the Quitman Reporter . “Sucsessors” is the wav the editor of the Atlanta Herald spoils it. Well.it can’t be denied that that does spell it. “H. H. J.” is the great champion perambulating psn-pusher of Georgia. He is, if possible, more unanimous than Alston. C. C. Olney, of Savannah, has been appointed Receiver of the Charleston and Savannah Railroad within the State of Georgia. The Milledgeville Union and Recor der publishes an extract from a letter written by “Lex,” “the genial aud facile,” &c. The. proprietors of the Northeast Georgian are going to publish a daily aud change the name of the pqperto the Athens Georgian. The Earley County Neivs says thd prospect for bread in that county for the coming year’s decidedly the most gloomy for years. The residence of Dr. W. A. Dunn, iu McDuffie county, with all the furniture, was burned recently. It was the finest house in the county. The Milledgeville Union and Record er is publishing an interesting story called “The Two Lovers,” by Hon. Jas. M. Smythe, of Augusta. “Ont’of the glitter of the ball room into the dusty car, and then into quiet, queen-like Augusta, crowned and lau reled as she is with her magnificent trees,” is the way a discriminating cor respondent puts it. The Commonwealth-Herald says Mr. Jesse Holtzclaw has been promoted to the office of Deputy Supervisor of In ternal Revenue of this district, includ ing North and South Carolina and Geor gia. Headquarters at Raleigh, N. 0. When “H. H. J.” saw a beautiful wo man “loop up her tresses, her fair au burn tresses” which almost swept the floor, he could only look silently on and exclaim admiringly, with the Mahomme dan when he saw a six-bladed knife, “God is great.” A correspondent writes from Schley county to the Sumter Republican that the crops generally in that county will not exceed three-fourths of a crop. Cot ton is yet blooming, and with a late Fall the yield may be better, but it is generally conceded that owing to the rust the crop is made. Colonel R. H. Hardaway, of Thomas county, told “H. H. J.” that, within a radius of one mile iropx the Thpmasvilje saa sale, and that the supply of meat in that part of the State will be larger than at any other period since the war. Rome Courier : Next to the guberna torial question, the discussion of hay seed and agriculture, guano and green backs, the question of “ potash ” and “ ground hog ” rises in the magnificent altitude of tho greatest importance. Iu the meantime the affairs of Georgia will go on just as if there was not a dog fight going on in which few white men have any interest. Mrs. J. H. Gilbert is a model woman for business. She lives on her farm in Clayton county, about twelve miles from Atlanta. She attends to all of her house work, assists the farm hands iu their work, and takes all the fruits, butter, eggs and other such farm pro duce to market. She goes to town every Tuesday and Friday mornings. Sho gets there by six o’clock, sells out her produce and returns home that evening time enough to do all her domestic work. We find the following in tho Atlanta Herald, of Tuesday: We understand, from what we regard as reliable authori ty, thet General Joseph E. Johnston has been appointed and has accepted the po sition of Commander-in-Chief of the army of Egypt. Only a short time since, and for the third time, was he tendered the position. This time it was urged upon him so strenuously that he at length consented, and is making his preparations to go over and assume his position immediately. He is to get SIOO,OOO to prepare himself an outfit, and is to receive the sum of $25,000 an nually for having supreme control of the Khedive of Egypt. Deaths. In Savannah, 6tli, C. E. Byck. In Thomaston, recently, J. H. Rogers. In Milledgeville, recently, Andrew McKinley. At Gr.ffin, 7th, William M. Bates, of Savannah. In Philadelphia, August 29th, Mrs. C. Cloud, of Savannah. In Barnwell District, S. C., reoeutly E. W. Gifford, of Savannah. Language 1 hat’s Plain. [SawlermiUe (da.) Correspondence New York Trilmne J Ex-Governor Herschel V. Johnson i4 Judge of this Circuit, and it would be hard to say whether the whites or the blacks have tbegreatest respect for his uprightness of character or repose the more implicit confidence in the fairness of his judgment. The practice of car rying pistols, so prevalent, among the young men in some parts of the South, and which has been the cause of more trouble than any other one thing, has been entirely broken up in this judicial circuit. Judge Johnson, in his charge to the grand juries, has often announc ed his determination to “make pistols cheap” here by destroying the demand for them, and he has succeeded. Re cently two young men, who had been in no difficulty, and had made no use of their weapons, but who had been seen carrying pistols, were indicted by the grand jury for violation of the law of this State. One of them pleaded guilty and was fined $l5O and costs, and the other was convicted and fined S3OO and costs. Judge Johnson, in pronouncing sentence in the last case, read the young man a lecture which neither he nor any one else who heard it will ever forget as long as he lives. After impressing upon the man the enormity and cowardice of the crime of which he had been found guilty, he dwelt upon tho folly of car rying concealed weapons. “When a boy get on his first pair of ‘gallusses,’ ” said the Judge, “he thinks he is getting to be a man; but, a few years later, when he gets whisky in his belly, a pistol in his pocket, and the devil his head, he is a full grown man.” This sentence was delivered in such a way as to make the young man ashamed to hold up his head in Judge Johnson’s presence ever since. In May, 1874, a Frenchman and his daughter arrived at New Orleans from Bordeanx, France. During the passage tho father was led to believe that his daughter was too intimate with one of their companions, and when, on their arrival at New Orleans, the girl declared her intention of leading a life of shame, he became terribly incensed and plunged a knife into her bosom, from the effects of which she died in a few minutes, having been in this country but an hour. He was tried, convicted and sentenced to imprisonment for life. During the early part of August of this year, while working on a chain gang outside of the prison walls, he attempted to escape, but as he sprang into the air in his effort to get away, he was brought down to the earth riddled with bullets from the guns of the gnards. A hole was dug by the road-side and the unfortunate mau buried where he fell.
