gprottirlg anD gmtintl
WEDN ESDAY SEPT’BER 29, 1875.
THE COTTON CHOP.
The report of £he cotton crop for the
year ending September Ist, 1875, was
made up by the National Cotton Ex
change at New Orleans, and the year’s
yield is given in ronnd numbers at ihree
millions eight hundred thousand bales.
Of this amount over sixteen thousand
bales were Sea Island ootton. For home
consumption the South took one hun
dred and twenty-six thousand bales, and
the North consumed one million and
seventy-three thousand bales. A com
parison of the crops made injthe United
States since 1820 shows that the small
est crop, 430,000 bales, was made in
1820, and the largest, 4,800,000 bales,
in 1861-2. Since 1861-2 the largest crop
made was in 1870-71, 4,347,000 bales,
and the smallest, 1,300,000 bales, in
1864-5. Mince the war the largest crop
was made in 1870-1, and the smallest,
1,951,000 bales, in 1866-7. The crop for
the year j ust ended is smaller than that of
the two preceding years, though the dif
ference is not very great—the difference
between the crop of last year and the crop
of 1873-4 being 342,543 bales, and the
difference between the crop of last year
and that of 1872-3, 146,763 bales.—
During the year the price of middling
upland cotton in New York ranged from
171 cents io March and April to 14}
cents in December. The lowest price
realized for cotton since 1825 was in
1845, when a crop of 2,100,000 bales sold
for an average of 6} cents—the highest
price being 9 cents and the lowest 4
cents. The highest prices were obtained
in 1864, when cotton averaged one dol
lar and thirty-one cents per pound. The
estimate* of the new crop range high—
from four to four and a hair million
bales. _
SOUTHERN MANUFACTURES.
The statements and views of Francis
Cooin, Esq., published in the Chronicle
and Sentinel yesterday, were read with
much interest by our citizens and attract
ed general attention. His remarks about
Southern manufacturing were especially
interesting to people who have as much
at stake as we have in the success of
Southern manufactures. When the en
largement of the canal shall be com
pleted, as it will be in a few months,
that work will represent an immense
capital invested by the citizens of Au
gusta. It is a serious question whether
it shall be made profitable or un
profitable—whether one of the finest
water powers in the world, ob
tained at an enormous expense,
shall be permitted to remain idle and
unproductive while the substance of the
citizens is eaten up in its maintenance
and in paying the principal, interestand
discount of the obligations contracted
for its construction; or whether it is to
be utilized, to bring capital and trade to
Augusta, and yield large direct and in
direct benefits to the'people of the city.
Mr. Cooin says that though manufac
turing is dull and nnremunerative at
the North the t capitalists of that sec
tion are looking to the South, and are
firm believers in the profits of Southern
manufactures. It is true that when
the effects of.the present crisis have
entirely disappeared, Lowell, Fall River,
Providence and the other manufacturing
sections of the East may agaiu become
prosperous. But the monopoly which
they once enjoyed is rapidly passing
away. The supremacy which they once
and for so long a time enjoyed they will
never enjoy again. Cotton manufactur
ing in the South is no longer an experi
ment. The problem has been solved,
aud is a problem no longer but an estab
lished fact. Thejanswer to it is written
in the reports of the Columbus and Au
gusta factories. The North is satisfied
of the superior advantages which- the
South possesses in climate, in proximity
to the raw material and in cheap
ness of manufacture. The capitalists
of that section know that their
money can be invested to greater ad
vantage in Augusta than Lowell, and
they are willing to send it here— when
they receive proper encouragement
from our own people. Mr. Cooin says
they will subscribe liberally to any man
ufacturing enterprise in which the
Southern people are willing to risk their
own money. If the people of Augusta
will take half the stock in a mill of fifty
thousand spindles the other half will
be taken by Northern capital. Let our
people consider this fact well. If they
would have others help them they must
first help themselves. It is not reason
able to suppose that Northern men will
put their money in an enterprise which
Southern men are afraid to back.
We cannot in reason expect them
to do it. We are confident that half
the stook of a mill of fifty thousand
Bpindles could be subscribed here to
morrow. It is not alone the few very
rich men who should aid suoh an enter
prise—tho men of moderate means
should also give assistance. If every
citizeu in Augusta able to do it should
take one share of stock the amount could
be raised in six hours. Atlanta has just
furnished us with a notable instance of
what can be accomplished by small sub
scriptions and we shall be blind in
deed not to profit by the example. Oar
prosperity depends upon the building
up of our manufacturing interests. We
wish Northern capital, but we must put
our own shoulder to the wheel before
we expect assistance from abroad.
The Democratic Convention has put
an excellent ticket in the field iu Massa
chusetts, and one which there is every
reason to believe will be triumphantly
elected at the approaching election.
Governor Gaston riohly deserved the
nomination which he was tendered. A
year ago he broke the strength of Radi
calism in Massachusetts and won the
first Democratic victory which had been
achieved in the Bay State for thirty
years. Since that time his administra
tion has been honest and capable, and
has given complete satisfaction. As in
New York, the Liberal Republicans re
main true to their alliance with the
Democrats and will aid them now as in
1874. The platform takes New York
ground on financial issues—opposes any
further inflation of the currency and de
mands a speedy return to specie pay
ments. It fails, of coarse, to say wheu
they wish resumption and the declara
tion. really amounts to no more than the
“rag money” confession of faith in Ohio
and Pennsylvania. The Republican ad
ministration is arraigned for its corrup
tions and its many abuses of power, and
good States Rights doctrine is enunciat
ed in the demand for each State of the
“ inviolable right to govern itself ac
“ cording to its sovereign pleasure, sub
“ ject only to the limitations and ob
“ ligations of the Federal Constitution.
We shall be greatly disappointed if the
Democratic majority in Massachusetts
be not largely increased this year.
Ex-Senator Doolittle, of Wiscon
sin, in an address last Wednesday at the
Winnebago County (I1L) Agricultural
Fair, proposed a novel scheme for re
form in elections. His plan includes
the following measures : (1) The sub
division of electoral precincts until not
more than than 750 votes shall be in
any one, a legal requirement that every
citizen who cannot give a good excuse
shall attend and vote at all elections,
and minority representation in elections
(popular) of judges and clerks of elec
tion ; (2) in cities of more than thirty
thousand inhabitants the name and resi
dence of each voter to be publicly read
before his ballot is deposited, and pub
lic proof of his identity and qualifica
tion to be given on the spot and under
oath, if challenged ; and (3) that heads
of families shall be allowed two votes,
for themselves and the other as
representatives of their families.
It was not exactly a bank failure in
San Francisco the other day. It was
the oollapse of an inflated gambling
house,— Cincinnati Commercial.
MsDUFFIB® COUNTY.
Editorial Correspondence Clironicle
and Hentinel.
Thomson, Ga., September 23, 1875.
The Fall term of the Superior Court
of McDuffie county commenced Mon
day, his Honor Judge Gibson presiding.
The Bar was well represented. Messrs.
W. D. Tutt, P. C. Hudson, H. O.
Roney, R. W. H. Neal, J. H. Casey
and W. E. Jones represented the local
Bar. The visiting brethren were quite
numerous. General Toombs, Judge
Reese, General Dußosk, Messrs. M. P.
Reese and F. H. Colley, of Washing
ton; Colonel James F. Read, of Craw
fordville; J. E. Stbotheb, Esq., of Lin
coln; Captain A. S. Morgan and Hon. C.
S. Dußosb, of Warrenton; Judge Hook,
Judge Twioos, Samuel F. Webb, Esq.,
and Davenport Jackson, Esq., Solicitor
General, constituted the visiting attor
nies present, to aid in giving jnstice and
doing equity between parties litigant in
the Honorable the Superior Court of
McDuffie county. The civil docket em
braced a large array of complaints for
the collection of debts. The following
list embraces the principal cases, and
sbowß the disposition made of them :
J. L. A W. M. Hardaway vs. Benjamin Sam
uels. Verdict for plaintiffs. Principal and in
terest, $195 09.
J. W. Burgess vs. J. T. Kendrick. Verdict
for plaintiff. Principal and interest, $359 25.
J. L. A W. M. Hardaway t. John M. Barks
dale. Verdict for plaintiffs. Principal and in
terest, $155 50.
Z. McCord t*. John 0. Lambert. Verdict for
plaintiff. Principal and interest. $258 45.
Jennings, Smith A Cos. et. Wm. McLean,
trustee M. H. McLean. Plaintiffs allowed to
amend declaration.
James Norris A Cos. vs. 8. 8. Branch. Ver
dict for plaintiffs. Principal $394, with interest.
J. Norris A Cos. rs. A. E. Sturgie. Verdict
for plaintiffs. Principal slls 50, with iuterMt.
J. Norris A Cos. vs. V, B.
,for plaintiffs. and mtereaJK
J. Norris A Cos. t>. Johnson A"PftjßaaTwsS
diet for plaintiffs. $l5O principal, interest to
be added.
J. Norris A Cos. vs. A. E. Sturgis. Verdict
for plaintiffs. Principal $528, with interest.
Daniel A Rowland rs. W. A. Dnnn, trustee
L. W. and W. M. Dunn. Plaintiff allowed to
amend declaration.
Dozier, Walton A Cos. rs. Goodrich ( Usry A
Cos. Complaint on note. By consent, it was
ordered that name of A E. Sturgis as defend
ant be stricken from this case, as plaintiffs
could not prove that he was a member of said
firm.
Wilcox, Gibbs A Cos. rs. M. C. Fulton, trus
tee. Verdict for plaintiffs. Principal and in
terest. $2,886.
Moore A Cos. rs. A. E. Sturgis. s Verdict for
plaintiffs. Principal and interest, $3Bl.
Dozier A Walton rs. Goodrich, Usry A Cos.
Verdict for plaintiffs. Principal $2,925, with
interest.
Branch, Scott A Cos. rs. Ann H. Wiley and
William O. Wiley. Verdict for plaintiffs. Prin
cipal and interest, $997.
E. B. Jones and T. J. Oates rs. James B.
Wilson and Berryman 8. Embree. Verdict for
plaintiffs. Principal and interest. $307.
Daniel A Rowland vs. William 8. Stovall.—
Verdict for plaintiffs. Principal and interest,
$5lB.
Isaac T. Heard A Go. rs. Thomas B. Young.
Verdict for plaintiffs. Principal and interest,
$146. Thomas H. Johnson, assignee, was
made a party plaintiff in said action
Roberts, Phinizy A Cos. rs. W. D. Wilson A
Son. Settled.
Z. McCord rs. J. L. AW. H. Goodrich. Ver
dict for plaintiff. Principal and interest, S7OO.
S. D. Linton A Cos. rs. It. H. Langford. Ver
dict for plaintiffs. Principal and interest, slOl.
Isaiah McNair rs. J. L. Goodrich A Cos., prin
cipals, aud Goodrich, Usry A Cos., and Mary
A. Megaliee. executrix., S. F. Megaheo, en
dorsers. Complainant. Verdict for plaintiff
Principal, $573 with interest. Motion for new
trial granted.
Isaiah McNair rig J. L. Goodrich A Cos.,
principals, aud Goodrich, Usry A Cos., en
dorsers. Complaint. Verdict for the plaintiff.
Principal $490 with interest.
Z. McCord vs. W. A. Dunn. Complaint.
Dismissed.
Thomas Wynn rs. A. E. Sturgis. Complaint.
Verdict for plaintiff, $212 with interest.
Tho criminal docket was taken np to
day. There was a case disposed of that
illustrates Georgia justice as dispensed
to the colored race. A negro was
charged with stealing a horse from a
white man. The evidenoe was con
clusive as to the taking of the horse.
The prosecution proved that the prisoner
forcibly seized the horse in Thomson
and rode him into the country. The
State, represented by the Solicitor
General, made out its case /so con
clusively as to leave but little
hope for the accused. The defense
was conducted by F. H. Colley, Esq.
The prisoner was placed on the
stand aud stated that he only bor
rowed the horse for the purpose of
riding home. With the plea of not
guilty aud the prisoner’s statement,; Mr.
Colley addressed himself to the jury,
delivering a feeling and forcible argu
ment in behalf ot-justice to the colored
man, coutendiug that the State had not
made out its case beyond a reasonable
doubt and that the benefit of the doubt
should bo given to the prisoner.
' The Judge gave the law to the jury,
who after a short absence returned a
verdict of not guilty. Under all the
circumstances the aqnittal of the ac
cused is highly to the Court
and the jury. There are very few in
stances where a negro fails to obtain
justice. The truth is that our Courts
aud juries incline to meroy rather than
a strict enforcement of the law where
the rights of the colored raco are in
volved. And this is right in principle,
as we have to deal with a credulous,sim
ple-hearted people—provided always
that the kindness and meroy extended
by the Courts aud juries be not con
strued into a license for the commission
of orime.
Thomson.
The town of Thomson contains from
eight hundred to a thousand inhabitants.
The Court House is one of the best in
the State. Several new buildings, stores
and residences have been constructed
within the past year. Mr. John E. Ben
ton has recently completed a large store
and stock yard on the line of the rail
road near the depot. He is doing a
large business and is, withal, a sterling
man. The principal business houses
are owned by Messrs. J. B. Neal & Son,
R. H. Bush, J. E. Benton, J. Norris A
Cos., Grkald & Dillon, T. A. Scott, T.
N. Lewis, A. J. Adkins and Sol Sakl
ino, who is engaged in the clothing
business. The town is growing and
does a good business. It would be
an accommodation to the people
of Thomson and of the surround
ing country to have the Picayune
train. We believe that it would be
a benefit to August also, and we see no
good reason why Thomson should not
be made the terminus in place of Har
lem. At the other end of the road
an accommodation train is run daily
from Atlanta to Covington— a distance of
forty miles. The merchants of Thom
son handle about 2,000 bales of ootton
and the yearly shipments are over 9,000.
There are very few points on the road
that does a larger freight business, and the
growing importance of the place, would,
it appears, warrant the officers of the
road in running the Picayune train to
this point. An experiment conld do no
harm. It would satisfy the wishes of
the people. If it pays to run an ac
commodation train to Covington, why
not to Thomson ?
The Thomson Bar is composed of
young gentlemen of talent, who are win
ning their way to success in their pro
fession The number of lawyers has
been increased by the accession of W.
E. Jones, Esq., who was admitted at the
present term, after a creditable exami
nation.
The Journal is a sprightly paper,
which will oompare favorably with any
weekly in the State. It is W ®ll conduct
ed by Messrs. White & Combs, editors
and proprietors. It has a large sub
scription in McDuffie and adjoining
counties, and is liberally patronized by
the merchants of Augusta.
The Crops.
The crops in this county are short.
CoL MrBBAY, an intelligent and sub
stantial planter, informs me that
while twenty per cent, more grain
was planted the yield will not
equal that of last year. He does not
believe that the planters of the county
have made enough com to last them
through March*. As to the cotton crop,
he thinks tho yield will not be mneb
over half that of last year. It is certain
ly short one-third, if not more. This
view is confirmed by others.
The necessities of the farmers general
ly are such as to compel them to harry
their cotton to market. They are even
more urgent than last year. They must
sell in order to meet their wants, and
the early crop will be marketed and sold
much sooner even at the present unre
munerative prices. There is a dearth
of money in the country, and there will
be for some time to come. It will have
to be dug out of the ground, with favor
able seasons and better prices.
Exclusive cotton culture is the curse
of our people. It will keep them poor
as long as they continue at it. The only
successful fanners in Georgia are the
men who plant corn, wheat and other
small graiD, and make their own meat.
Farmers who have to buy corn and ba
con, and fodder and hay, will be always
in debt. I heard a planter say that a
killing frost within the next ten days
would be a blessing to our people. W.
“THB UNCERTAINITY WHICH
KILLS.”
In discussing financial questions the
other day the head of one of our largest
and most successful ootton houses re
marked that “it is the uncertainty
which kills.” He meant that until
the financial issue is settled one way or
the other the business of the country
will continue to suffer. Until the people
know whether we are to have inflation
or resumption nothing will be done to
relieve the present distressing condition
of affairs. Every thinking man will
heartily agree with this view of the sub
ject. The phrase is apt. It is the un
gertsintj whichy kills. It is the uncer
jfcjljr" WllleMjjiwevails;~regarainfe the
which is killing trade, killing labor,
killing enterprise of every description.
Men will do nothing because . they are
certain of nothing. A law has been
passed which declares that in the yeai
1879 the country will return to specie
payments. The law is a standing
menance to the basimms of the country.
No man wishes to part with his money
or to incur any liability. No man
wishes to contract a debt in greenbacks
which he may have to pay in coin
when coin is at a heavy premium.
Every many wishes to put his
house iu order—to prepare for the
coming storm. While we are preparing
trade is prostrate and industry paralys
ed. Four years of stagnation will ruin
the country. Let the question be de
cided this Winter. Let Congress decide
to resume on the fourth day of July,
1876, or let Congress declare that re
sumption is inexpedient. It may be
said that the country is not prepared for
resumption at such an early period. Is
it not better prepared now than it will
be after four years more of shrinkage
and stagnation ? If .resumption is
dangerous let it be postponed and busi
ness of every character will speedily re
vive. In any eveut we prefer a speedy
to a lingering death. If we mast have
a convulsion let us have it and be done
with it. Better strychnine than con
sumption.
THE FUTURE OF PARTIKfi.
We publish elsewhere in the Chroni
cle and Sentinel this morning an edi
torial article from the Chicago Tribune
whioh’will be read with interest. The
Tribune is the leading Republican jour
nal of the Northwest and represents a
large and influential constituency. The
TVibune takes its text from the platform,
candidates and attitude of the Demo
cratic party in the State of New York,
and hints that the of ex
isting political parties and the organiza
tion of new ones upon financial issues is
by no means an improbability. It be
lieves that the “ Democratic party of
“ New York is already prepared to form
“ the nucleus of a National Hard Money
“ party in 1876, should one bo neceSßa
“ ry, which will be made up without
“ reference to past political combina
“tions.” It declares “ the fact is—and
“ politicians and party managers of
“ every party may as well prepare them
“ selves therefor—the paramount sub
“ ject, the absorbing question, the all
“ important aud controlling issue in
“ 1876 will be this one of honest money
“or dishonest money ” —“ honest
money” being gold and “dishonest
money ” greenbacks, in the estimation
of the Chicago Tribune and the
New York Democracy. The idea of
the Tribune seems to be that unless
New York and tho hard money wing of
the Democracy are permitted to shape
the platform and nominate the candi
dates, when the National Convention
meets next Bummer, they will desert the
party, and seek an alliance wiih the
hard money men in the Republican
ranks. Should similar troubles and a
similar division occur in the Republi
can camp the disaffected of both sides
may form a coalition which will destroy
existing organizations, and present to
the world the singular spectacle of hard
money Democrats aud hard money Radi
cals banded together and fighting
against soft money Democrats and infla
tion Radicals. Tilden and Grant
would be arm-in-arm on one side of the
line and Ben Butler and Bill Allen
cheek-by-jowl on the other. But if the
Republican Convention should pro
nounce in favor of specie payments and
the inflation minority should aoquiesce
in this decison the hard money Demo
crats would have to go over to the Radi
cals, just as the Liberals came over to
the Democracy, and fight for centraliza
tion and corruption as well as for hard
money and contraction. It must be
admitted that there is some ground
for the prophecies of the Tribune.
Th New York wing of the party, lead
by Manton Marble and Gov. Tilden,
has annohneed in almost so many words
that it mnst be allowed to control the
party or it will quit the party. It has
left open no avenue for retreat. It has
closed every path to conciliation or to
compromise. It must rule or ruin. It
has in effect declared war, bitter and un
relenting war, against both inflationists
and the hard money men in the party,
of whom there are a great many, who
oppose fighting the inflationists. It
has virtually proclaimed that if Allen
or Hendricks, or Thurman, or Pendle
ton or Hancock should be nominated
for the Presidency upon a platform
which opposed a “speedy return to
specie payments” or which did not strong
ly approve immediate resumption, they
will not reoeive the Democratic vote of
New York. We must either submit to
the dictation of Tilden & Company or
Tilden A Company will take their
wares to another market. Should the
hard money men among the Republi
cans prove eqnally as intractable the
prophesies of Mr. Joseph Medill may be
fulfilled and both of the great parties go
to pieces iu 1876.
We think it of the utmost import
ance that this financial question shonld
be disposed of by the next Congress.
In this way only can the threatened dan-
ger be averted. If party lines are to
be broken down at all on these issues
let them be broken down in Congress.
Let the hard money and the soft money
men fight their own battles in the Sen
ate and the House of Representatives.
Let them vote for an immediate return
to specie payments or an indefinite post
ponement of resumption. If the hard
money men win the day they will doubt
less be satisfied with their victory ; and
after specie payments have onoe been
resumed the inflationists will scarcely
attempt to force a return to “rag
money.” It is of the utmost import
ance to the South that some such ad
justment should be made. In the dis
integration of parties npon financial is
sues the cause of honesty, of local self
rale and of constitutional government
will be forgotten and abandoned and
the triumph of hard money might also
in such a case prove the triumph of cor
ruption and of centralization. In this
section both sides would pander to the
negro vote aud but a few months would
suffice to undo all the great results
which have been accomplished after
years of patient labor.
In his last letter from Paris, Arsens
Houssaye relates a legend, which is said
to have been told among the most ex
clusive diplomatic circles in France, re
garding the part the Empress Eugenie
took in starting the Franco-Prussian
war. After the more or less pacific ex
planation of the last interview at Ems
with Count Bbnrdbtti, there was a
council at night at the Tnileries, at
which peace was peremptorily decided
npon by the Emperor, who was the most
prudent of the party, because he
hated bloodshed, and did not think
a gory baptism was necessary to the
consecration of the Prince Imperial.
Bnt there were two sovereigns at that
time on the throne. Beside the Em
peror reigned the Empress. When
everything was peacefully decided, the
Emperor, who was then ill, went to bed,
like Titus, content with his day’s work.
But the Empress was more wakeful. In
her tarn she held a council with the
Duke of Geammont, and through pure
gallantry he left too much of the talking
to the Empress, who thought that war
was the only salvation of France, and
who when she said France always
meant her son. She took possession of
every one. She was really eloquent in
talking of the national dignity; she said
that the Emperor’s good heart would
ruin both France and the dynasty. Be
sides, all the newspapers and all the
deputies were for war. It would not do
to swim against the current. They
wonld gain the Rhine with one battle;
they would chastise Germany and return
triumphal with the peace of Europe se
curedjipr a oentnrv.
j the DnkeoF ,, CHlß®si. ’
alone, perhaps, having donbts of all
these fine things. But as it was a wo
man who was speaking he had the gal
lantry not oppose her. They waked up
the Emperor and extorted from him the
declaration of war. And thus did France
lose two provinces and five milliards.
The Chicago Times sees in President
Grant’s rebuke to Ames, for wanting
bayonets, a plan of Sonthern Radicals
to put up Butler for the Presidency.
Says the Times :
Grant, just as Ares had hoped, refused to
respond to the call, and scolded the Governor
into the bargain. This, of course, infuriates
the Southern Radicals, aud impresses them
with the necessity of having a man at Wash
ington far President who can be relied on in
every emergency. Butler is just that kind of
a man. The negroes worship Butler. They
believe him to be even a bigger man than
Obant, wearing a more gorgeous uniform and
carrying a sword several feet longer. Butler
is the man for the Southern Radicals, and his
son-in-law is bound to make him the Southern
candidate for President.
The Chicago Times is wofully mis
taken if it imagines for an instance that
Butler would have any showing in the
South against Grant. The Southern
Republicans will go for no one but
Grant and their delegates to the Na
tional Republican Convention will force
his nomination upon the party. The
black men constitute the Republican
party, or what is left of it, in the South
and the black men know no one but
Grant. His is the only name which
they know and they consider him the
Republican party, the Government and
the country combined. With the blacks
to decide the contest General Grant
could beat the Apostle Paul to-morrow
from the Potomac to the Gulf of Mexico.
The opposition to the Democratic
ticket in Maryland crystalized on Wed
nesday in a coalition of the Republicans
‘and the Democratic Reformers and the
nomination of a State ticket. The
nominees are all known Democrats and
men who have hitherto stood high in the
estimation of their party. Tho Mary
land Republicans are attempting the
same game which was played so success
fully by the Democrats in Missouri a
few years ago. Their only hope of de
feating the immense majority which
they have hitherto had to "encounter in
Maryland lay in dividing the enemy and
espousing the cause of the Independent
division. This they have been able to
do, and they now expect to go into pow
er under cover of their Democratic fig
ure heads. Of course if J. Morrison
Harris should be elected in November
the Republicans would be the power be
hind the throne, and would control him
as effectually as the Democrats con
trolled Gratz Brown in Missouri and
Sentrr in Tennessee. We know nothing
of the alleged unfair influences by which
the nomination. of the Carroll ticket
was obtained, but we deeply regret a
division in the Maryland Democracy
which may again put the State in the
power of the Republicans and exercise a
disastrous effect npon the coming na
tional campaign.
Col. Black, the commandant of the
United States garrison in Columbia,
Sonth Carolina, attempted to establish
the color line the other day by objecting
to negroes drinking at the bar of the
“Wheeler House.” His language was
resented as offensive by a colored Rep
resentative in the Legislature named
Hayne, and Barre, a colored State
House official. An altercation concern
ing the rights of negroes and the Civil
Rights bill ensued, which terminated in
a passage of arms between Barre and
Lieut. Potter, the Colonel’s Adjutant.
The belligerents were separated, how
ever, before the deadly pistol which the
parties had drawn could be discharged.
The local chronicle informs us that
“Messrs. Hayne and Barre remained a
considerable time on the sidewalk swear
ing vengeance npon the ‘Yankees.’ ” It
is to be presumed that General Grant
will have Col. Black and Lientenant and
Adjntant Potter court martialed and
cashiered at the earliest practicable mo
ment. Officers who have so little re
spect for the law of the land, and so
great an objection to mixing socially
with the man and brother, should not
be permitted to remain in the service.
The local chronicle also adds that “it is
unnecessary to say that the United
States officers are white.” Entirely un
necessary we imagine.
The Nashville American publishes
some encouraging statistics and says
that fignres are very potent and sug
gestive, and completely throw in the
shade the most plausible theorizing.
Just contrast a few Democratic figures
with the gauzy moralizing of Republi
can politicians. In 1870 there were four
Democratic Governors; in 1875, twenty
fonr Democratic Governors. In 1870,
four Democratic Legislatures, in 1875,
twenty-four Democratic Legislatures. In
1870, ninety Democratic members of the
House of Representatives of the United
States; in 1875, one hundred and eighty
members of that body. In 1870, twelve
Democratic members of the Senate of
the United States; in 1875, twenty-eight
membftre. The ratio of progression Mill
furnish still more suggestive figures in
the coming Centennial year, when they
will make a clean sweep.
The New York Herald has also some
thing to say about the delusion that
United States buildings famish sanc
tuary to criminals. In commenting npon
the arrest of Joe Morris in Atlanta, the
Herald says:
It ia a somewhat remarkable circumstance
[hat he should have been in communication
with the United States District Attorney for
several days prior to his capture, and that a
United States Judge should have refused per
mission to the sheriff to enter the room in the
Uourt House where the criminal lay concealed,
rhe almost invariable sympathy manifested
for negro criminals in the South by Federal
TCfh-iaia would not seem to tend greatly toward
he promotion of the era of good feeling, of
ahieh so much has been said of late.
A ragged little urchin came to a lady’s
loor, asking for old clothes. She
wrought him a vest and a pair of trow
>ers, which she thonght wonld be a com
ortable fit. The young scape-grace
ook the garments and examined each;
hen, with a disconsolate look, said,
‘There ain’t no watch pocket.”
TILDEN AND HONEST MONEY. |
The Political Situation and the Con-1
trolling Issie In 1876.
[From Out Chicane Tribune, Rep.]
The of the New York
Democratic State Convention on Fri
day last were of the deepest import
ance, not only to the Democratic party,
bnt are destined to have a serious effect
npon the organization of all parties in
the Presidential election of 1876. The
action of that Convention forces and
compels both parties to take decided
position on the great financial question.
The New York Democratic Convention
not only made a declaration of its own
views, bnt did so in a manner that
amounted to a bold, defiance to the con
ventions of the same party in Ohio and
Pennsylvania. The party in New York
has simply declared to the party in the
country : “ We stand on the platform
of honest money, honest government,
and honest payment of debts ; and we
will not follow or affiliate with those
who hold the opposite doctrine.” The
New York Democracy propose to stand
on the Hard-Money platform, whether
the party generally does or/not.
Governor Tildea and Mr. Charles
O’Conor were conspicuous leaders of
the Democratic party, and bravely and
ably led in the exposures and prosecu
tions which led to the detection and
punishment of the robberies by Tweed,
Sweeny, Connolly, and their associates.
Governor Tilden devoted his time per
sonally to the investigation, and ap
peared in Court as a witness to prove
the guilt of the conspirators. He took
high ground in favor of official honesty,
and by his influence was able to carry
the city of New York against the Tweed-
Sweeny party. In due time the Demo
cratic party nominated Tilden for Gov
ernor, and, though his opponent was
the popular General Dix, Tilden was
elected by over 50,000 majority. As soon
as he got in office he addressed himself
to the investigation of the chronic abuses
and robberies in tha management of the
State canals. His“roceedings produced
as much consternation in his own party
as a few years before he had produced
He
I forbSSr,' 'but he was resolKe. “lie
Democratic Legislatnre did not dare to
denounce him, but it sought to defeat
hiH examination by appinting legislative
committees to do the work. Governor
Tilden was not thus to be defeated, and,
taking the responsibility, he appointed
Commissioners outside of the Legisla
ture to prosecute the investigations and
bring the robbers to justice. At the
head of one of these commissions was
John Bigelow. Iu former times—that
is, before 1854—Bigelow was a
Democrat. He was then editor
of the New York Evening Post,
and with that paper left the Bemocratic
party on the slavery question. In 1861
Mr. Lincoln appointed him Consul at
Paris. When Air. Dayton died Bigelow
was appointed Charge d’Affaires. Sub
sequently he returned, and for a time
edited the New York Times, but re-,
mained a Republican, voting, however,
for Greeley iu 1872. He was an anti-
Grant Republican. Though there were
a number of Republicans interested iu
the canal frauds, the party generally
has supported Tilden in all his efforts to
root out the corruptionists. There is
not a dishonest Democrat in New York
—we mean one who has sympathized
with the Tweed gang or the canal
thieves —who is not opposed to Tilden.
These, and that portion of the party who
favor inflation, propose to make war in
the party. This factioa was, however,
powerless in the State Convention,
which at once, with great unanimity,
placed at the head of the ticket John
Bigelow, the Radical-Republican of
twenty-one years’ standing. The unan
imity with which this act was
done, and the defiant tone of the
platform, leave no doubt what
ever that the Democratic party in New
York is already prepared to form the
nucleus of a national hard money par
ty in 1876, should one be necessary,
which will be made up without refer
ence to past political combinations. It
is a solemn warning to the Ohio and
Pennsylvania demagogues that if Ben
Butler, Wash McLean, Bill Allen and
Bill Kelley are to control the Demo
cratic party they will control it alone,
and with the hard money Democrats
left out. In this broad declaration of
devotion to honest money, to honest
government and honest payment of
debts, the New York Democracy are
sustained by the latest declarations of
the Democrats of all the Neiv England
States, New Jersey, Delaware, Mary
land, Michigan, Illinois, Wisconsin ,
Minnesota, Nebraska, Nevada, Oregon,
California and Texas, or nineteen
States. Other States may agree with
them in their declarations next year. It
is not probable that these States will all
bolt if a rag money platform be adopted
by the National Convention; but there
will be an immense bolt of individuals,
and under such circumstances and in
such numbers as will divide the party iu
twain.
The Republican party has in no State
Convention declared for inflation or cur
rency debasement; still, its ranks con
tain many inflationists who are wild as
hawks on the subject and ready to strike
hands with the currency-watering Demo
crats. The National Republican Con
vention will have to face the music on
this vital, overshadowing issue, as well
as the Democratic National Convention.
Shonld the majority declare for infla
tion, or cowardly seek to evade the
issue, then there will be an equally
strong protest in all parts of the coun
try.
The fact is—and politicians and par
ty managers of every party may as well
prepare themselves therefor —the para
mount subject, the absorbing question,
the all-important and controlling issue
in 1876, will be this one of honest money
or dishonest money. There is no other
issue strong enough to displace it, and
it presses for solution. There is not
room for a difference of opinion among
intelligent men outside of this financial
question. It is one that addresses itself
alike to rich and poor, and to every per
son, male or female, in the land. It is
the question of wages—how much
wages shall a man receive—and shall
he receive it in par money ? Par
ty conventions must take unequivocal
ground, and Democrats and Republi
cans, postponing and ignoriug all other
questions, will take sides and vote upon
that all-important matter. The New
York Democracy give notice that ou
this ground they will not compromise.
The man who refuses to compromise
with Tweed outside of the Penitentiary,
and who is to-day fearlessly indicting,
arresting and prosecuting leading
“ statesmen” for robbing the canal
funds, will compromise with no propo
sition to pay the wages of labor with
dishonest money. They but proclaim
the purpose, which is much stronger in
the Republican party than in the Dem
ocratic, to vote for honest money, in
their own party, if they can, but if not
in their own party, then in whatever
party that is pledged to carry out that
policy. Shall this element of the Dem
ocracy vote with the Republican party
next year ? The question will be an
swered by the action of the next Na
tional Democratic Convention.
The Study of Astronomy.
The young man, who had always
manifested an interest in the heavens
above him, says the San Francisco
Chronicle, paid his quarter and was told
to pick out any star he pleased and
feast his eyes on it. He glued his optics
to the small end of the tube, and after
shoving the machine about for some
seconds, suddenly became wrapt in the
study of something which appeared to
give him the highest satisfaction. For
several minutes he stood as immovable
as a statue. “Guess he’s goin’ to grow
there,” growled a man waiting for a
chance. “Perhaps he never saw a teles
cope before,” said somebody else.
“Young man,” remarked the owner of
the tube, “if you propose to monopolize
the instrument yon must pay more.”
The only answer made by the fellow was
to quietly put his hand in his pocket,
and, without taking his eye away from
the opening, hand the man four bits.
For nearly fifteen minutes the student
of astronomy kept up a raptured and
uninterrupted gaze upon the heavens,
and paid his regular assessment every
time he was called on. The owner of
the telescope was taking in a rich har
vest. Suddenly there was a long-drawn
sigh, and, rising from his stooping posi
tion, the young man stood up. “Mister,
that’s a good telescope and I am satisfied
with the show.” Then he walked on,
and the next man who went to look at a
heavenly body, didn’t see it, from the
simple fact that the house on Telegraph
hill which had been in the focus of that
telescope for the past fifteen minutes
was no longer illuminated, and the girl
whose chamber had been peered into so
steadily bad gone to bed.
Somebody says that no Sam was ever
great in American politics. This is a
mistake. What wonld American poli
tics for the last thirty years have been
without Sambo?
Ex-Gov. Brownlow, of Tennessee, says
Gov. Ames, of Missisippi, “knows
about as little of the temper and wants
of hia constituents as a mule does of
mathematics. ” Ain’t that a little hard
on the male, Governor ?
The popular vote in the recent elec
tion in North Carolina for members of
the Constitutional Convention is stated
by the Charlotte Observer to have been
as follows : For members opposed to the
Convention, 100,191; for members de
sirous of carrying ont its objects,
94,987.
AFFAIRS AT THIS NORTH.
Hard Times North and East—The Cur
rency Question— Speedy Resumption
Desired—Manufacturing Prospects.
Francis Cogin, Esq., Superintendent
of the Augusta Factory, and one of the
proprietors of our esteemed contempo
rary, the Constitutionalist, has returned
to the city, after an extensive trip North
and East. We had the pleasure of meet
ing Mr. Cogin yesterday morning and of
conversing with him upon some topics
of general interest. Mr. Cogin confirms
the general verdict of Southern ob
servers, viz: that times are “ harder ”
at the North than in the South. On ac
count of the stagnation in business, and
especially in manufacturing enterprises
of every description, a great many labor
ers have been thrown out of employment,
and a great deal of actual suffering pre
vails. Mr. Cogin visited both Fall
River and Lowell and found little doing
in the manufactories of either city. The
market for goods is limited and prices
can neither be established nor main
tained. Mr. Cogin thinks there is little
reason for expecting much improvement
in business this Winter in any section
of the country. The continued stagna
tion, he thinks, is occasioned by the un
certainty attending the financial policy
of the Government. The people with
money are unwilling to do anything un
til they learn whether there is to be re
sumption, inflation or non-action. He
is convinced that the North and East, de
sire resumption at the earliest possible
moment, and he believs that an im
mediate return to specie payments
would be the best thing for the whole*
country. There is no reason to fear
that any “smash” will follow resump
tion, for the reason that there is very
little left to smash, and there is gold
enough in the United States to make
specie payments entirely possible. When
resumption takes place a revival in every
branch of trade and manufactures
may be confidently expected. But
with the country at sea in its
fiuauoial policy, and with the
prevailing heavy fluctuations in the
prices of gold, it will be difficult to
fibring about a revival of business. Mr.
Gogin represents values at the North as
very low, awl says that a man with the
r#Jly..morvi® poetet can make
purchases atnis own trado
which is being done is a “dicker” trade
—and while the merchant may fix a
price upon his goods the purchaser for
cash can obtain them much lower.
Mr. Cogin’s views of Southern manu
facturing are very hopeful and encour
aging. While at the East he purchased
the machinery for the steam cotton mill
in Atlanta, in which he is interested.
He says that the hard times and small
demand have combined to make ma
chinery cheaper than it has ever been
before, and his purchases were made for
about fifty per cent of former prices.
We may remark here that Mr. Cogin
says the Atlanta mill has contracted for
a supply of coal for several years at
three dollars and a half per ton deliv
ered, which will enable the factory to be
run as cheaply as if operated by water
power. The Northern people are realiz
ing that on account of superior advan
tages manufacturing can be conducted
more profitably in the South than else
.where, and they are watching the manu
facturing interests of this section very
closely.
Mr. Cogin is confident that little diffi
culty will be experienced, notwithstand
ing the dull times, in getting Northern
capital invested in Southern mills. He
could easily have gotten large subscrip
tions to the Atlanta mill if he had tried;
and in one case a wealthy lady, who had
heard the scheme discussed, voluntarily
subscribed to fifteen thousand dollars of
stock. He thinks that if a mill of fifty
thousand spindles should be started
here to-morrow Northern capitalists
would readily take one-half of the stock
if Augusta people would take the other
half. They will cheerfully aid any man
ufacturing enterprise which receives the
sympathy and substantial support of
our own citizens, but they do not care
to invest their money, nor is it reason
able to expect they should, when South
ern people are not willing to risk any of
their capital. Mr. Cogin thinks that
the future prosperity of Augusta de
pends upon the growth of her manufac
turing interests, and with this opinion
we are confident every intelligent citi
zen will agree.
PROF. PENDLETON.
Report Upon His Text Book.
Athens, September 16, 1875.
Editors Chronicle and Sentinel:
Sirs— At a recent meeting of the Pru
dential Committee it was resolved to
publish the following report, whiph I
furnish as a communication for yonr
paper, and which I trust will have suffi
cient interest to be copied by the other
newspapers of the State. It is very
gratifying to state that Dr. Pendleton’s
Text Book has been adopted as a Text
Book in Amherst College and in the
University of Mississippi, and perhaps
in several other leadiug institutions. It
deserves to be adopted in all the Agri
cultural Institutions of the United
State®. A second edition, enlarged and
corrected, is now going through the
press of A. S. Barnes & Cos., Publishers,
New York.
Very respectfully,
Wm. L. Mitchell,
Chairman.
The report of the Committee on the
Department of AgricuLturre and Horti
culture was taken up and adopted, and
is as follows :
lo the Board of Trustees of the Uni
versity of Georgia :
Your Committee on Agriculture and
Horticulture have the pleasure of ex
pressing their great satisfaction at the
progress made in this Department of the
Georgia State College of Agriculture and
the Mechanic Arts. The wery many ex
periments made on the farm each year,
and published for the benefit of the
people of the State, are valuable con
tributions to agricultural science, and
are being appropriated to economic ag
riculture. Professor Pendleton, on en
tering upon the duties of his chair,
found the field unexplored and without
appropriate text books. But he brought
to the direction of the experimental
farm a large practical experience and
scientific knowledge, which soon made
this experimental station of incalculable
value to the people. He created a sys
tem of teaching at once attractive and
instructive to the student. From his
lectures during the first two years Pro
fessor Pendloton systematized a Text
Book of Scientific Agriculture for the
use of his classes, a compendium of
general agricultural science, useful alike
to teachers and students.
It is with pride your committee refers
to this text book, the work of our own
Professor. It reflects great credit upon
his energy, enterprise, industry and
science. The lectures of this Professor
before the Agricultural Society of the
State have achieved a very large repu
tation, both for himself and the Univer
sity. At the recent National Agricultu
ral Congress, held at Raleigh, North
Carolina, one of his lectures was order
ed to be read. This was a marked com
pliment and evidence of the high appre
ciation of his acquirements. He is so
licited to deliver lectures in other States
also. The committee refers to the
special report of the Professor, as to the
more minute working of his department.
Your committee suggest to the Board to
abolish in this department the Degree
of Bachelor of Science, and adopt the
more significant one of “Bachelor of
Agriculture,” to obtain which a three
years course shall be required, retaining
the present schedule for the first and
second years, and creating one for the
third year by selections from the
present third and fourth years courses;
and also to establish the Degree of
“Master of Agriculture,” to be confer
red upon Bachelors of Agriculture who
shall take a fourth year course, to be
prescribed. These degrees may be con
ferred upon farmers of the State who
may be considered by the Board to
merit them from unusual and distin
guished success. The usual appropria
tion of five hundred dollars is asked for.
Nearly all of this sum is refunded by
sales of products of the farm.
Bespectfnlly submitted,
Ben. C. Yancey,
Chairman of Committee.
Somebody has been inquiring of late
as to the authorship of the expression:
“The schoolmaster is abroad.” Lord
Brougham is supposed to be the author.
On a certain occasion that worthy said:
“Let the soldier be abroad if he will;
he can do nothing in this age. There is
another personage abroad, a person less
imposing—in the eyes of some insignifi
cant. The schoolmaster is abroad; and
I trust to him, armed with the primer,
against the soldier in full uniform ar
rayed.” Possibly some writer used this
expression before Brougham, but we
are disposed to give him the credit of
its paternity. It may be well to note
that he does not use it in the sense of
the schoolmaster’s being absent, as
many do, but in the sense of his being
present, everywhere disseminating
knowledge. The word abroad is fre
quently used in this sense in the Bible:
“The love of God is shed abroad in our
hearts,” etc.
In 1872 Maine gave Grant 32,000 ma
jority, In 1873 the Republican majority
was 10,000; in 1874, 11,000; in 1875 it is
less than 5,000; and it is believed that if
Mr. Morton had remained in the State
three or four days longer the Democrats
would have elected their ticket. Any
Democratic general committee that can
secure the services of Mr. Morton and
the ensanguined linen will®perform an
incalculable service to its party.
HORSE INFLUENZA.
The Epizooty In New York.
Within a few days a serious disease
has broken out among the horses in the
many public and private stables
throughout the city of New York. It
borders on the nature of the fau ous
epizootic, which two years ago carried
off so many valuable animals in all parts
of the country. The New York Herald,
of Monday, says:
It is calculated that there are ten
thousand horses suffering in some de
gree from colds and sore throats, at the
present time, in New York, the symp
toms being precisely those manifested
when the epizootic first showed itself.
The leading feature of the present at
tack is a constant hacking and cough
ing, with sore throat and a slight run
ning at the nostrils. Not a single car
line in the city but has suffered from
the malady in some degree. In fact,
during the past two weeks, many of the
superintendents of public stables be
came considerably alarmed. Most of
the private stable proprietors acknowl
edge that their horses are also affected.
As near as can be ascertained there are
now laid up over two thousand suffering
from disease and unfit for duty. The
car companies say that, with but a few
exceptions, they have worked their
horses right along, but they have had
to watch them very closely and see
that they were well taken care of as
soon as they came in from a trip.
Strange to say, the disease seems to be
found more prevalent on the west side
of the city than on the east.
It is said that within the last three
weeks over one hundred horses have
died in Cumberland county, New Jer
sey, from the effects of a disease sup
posed to be “blind staggers,” which in
timately resembles the apoplexy. The
disease has thrived most in low, marshy
sections, or meadow lauds, and it is be
lieved lias been produced by rich pas
turage, the dependent position of the
animal’s head, coupled with warm, sill
try days and unusually cool nights.
Others believe the unfortunate animals
must have eaten cobwebs and (.'spiders
with the grass, and still more lean to
the opinion that the contagion—for such
it appears to be—has been superinduced
by miasmatic influence. The disease in
"Was rapid, and death- inter-,
vened in a couple of houis; in others the
horses were alive and apparently well
when stabled for the night, and in the
morning were found dead, and in other
cases animals have lived three or four
days. The value of the animals so far
lost closely approximates SIO,OOO, and
the malady continues to spread in all
directions. No positive cure is kuown,
but most of the farmers have recourse
to blood letting, bathing \yit{i liniments,
and the application of internal reme
dies. The disease has also appeared in
Salem county.
So far no influenza or epizootic has
developed among the horses in Balti
more. The City Eassenger Railway
line has seven hundred and sixty horses,
all fit for duty except five, which are
laid up from lameness. The Citizens’
line has two hundred and sixty horses,
all in good health. The Hall’s Springs
line has sixty-five horses; none sick.-
All the horses of the three lines are thin
from overwork, but unusually healthy.
There are reports that much suffering
among horses and inconvenience to own
ers in the peninsula of Delaware and the
eastern shore of Maryland from influ
enza or epizootic. It is to be hoped
that ano' her epidemic, such as existed a
few years ago, may not preveil among
horses.
MAN NOT DEGENERATING.
The Modern Egyptian as Big as the
Egyptian of Thousands of Years
Ago—'The Modern Englishman Big
ger Than His Ancestors.
There never was a delusion with less
evidence for it, except a permanent im
pression among mankind, which is often
the result, not of accumulated expe
rience, but of an ever-renewing discon
tent with the actual state of things.
There is not the slightest evidence any
where that man was ever bigger, strong
er, swifter, or more enduriug under the
same condition of food and climate than
he is now.
As to bigness, the evidence is posi
tive. Modern Egyptians are as big as
the mummies who were conquerors in
their day, and modern Englishmen are
bigger. There are not in existence a
thousand coats of armor which an Eng
lish regiment could put on. Very few
moderns can use ancient swords, be
cause the hilts are too small for their
hands. Endless wealth and skill were
expended in picking gladiators, and
there is no evidence that a man among
them was as big or as strong as Shaw.
No skeleton, no statue, no picture, indi
cates that, men in general were ever big
ger. The Jews of to-day are as large as
they were in Egypt, or larger. The peo
ple of the Romagna have all the bearing
and more than the size of the Roman
soldiery. No feat is recorded as usual
with Greek athletes which English acro
bats could not perform now.
There is no naked savage tribe which
naked Cornishmeu or Yorkshiremen
could not strangle. No ra -e exists of
which a thousand men similarly armed
would defeat an English, or German, or
Russian regiment of equal numbers.—
Nothing is recorded of our forefathers
here in England which Englishmen
could not do, unless it be some feats of
archery, which were the result of a long
training of the eye continued for gen
erations. The most civilized and luxu
rious family that ever existed, the Euro
pean royal caste, is physically as big, as
healthy, and as powerful as any people
of whom we have any account that
science can accept. Thier’s Frenchman
is Cmsar’s Gaul in all bodily conditions,
and with an increased power of keeping
alive, which may be partly owing to im
proved conditions of living, but is prob
ably owing still more to developed vi
tality. There is no evidence that even
the feeble races are feebler than they
became after their first acclimatization.
The Bengalee was what we know him
twelve hundred years ago, and the
Chinaman was represented on porcelain
just as he is now before the birth of
Christ. No race ever multiplied like
the Anglo-Saxon, which has no ad
vantage of climate, and till lately no
particular advantage of food. Physical
condition depends on physical condi
tions, and why should a race better fed,
better clothed, and better housed than
it ever was before degenerate ? Because
it eats corn instead of berries ? Com
pare the California and Digger Indian.
Because it wears clothes ? The wear
ing of clothes, if burdensome—which
the experience of army doctors in India
as to the best costume for marching
makes excessively doubtful, they de
claring unanimously that breechless
men suffer from varicose veins, as men
wearing trousers do not- must operate
as a permanent physical training. You
carry weight habitually. Because they
keep indoors ? Compare English pro
fessionals with Tasmanian savages, liv
ing in identically the same climate, but
living out of doors.
The conditions of civilzation not only
do not prohibit Captain Webb, who
would have out walked, out swum, or
strangle any German that Tacitus ever
romanced about, but they enable him to
live seventy instead of dying at forty
five, as two thousand years ago he, then
probably a slave bred for the arena,
would have done.
That the human race, even under the
best conditions, advances very little in
physical capacities is true, but then it
is true also that those conditions are
fatal to the most powerful of the old
improving forces, the survival of the
fittest. Still an advauce is perceptible
in vital power, and we question whether
a Greek swimmer would have ever cross
ed from Dover to Calais, just as strong
ly as we question whether the ancient
world ever possessed a horse which
would have achieved a place at Epsom.
Why should men grow feeble in civili
zation any more than horses ?— London
Spectator.
The Intelligent Compositob Talks
Back. —An exasperated and sarcastic
“blacksmith,” who sets type in Cairo,
writes : “Who ever # heard of an editor
making an error during his whole edito
rial career ? No one. The merchant
swears at the printer; so does the occa
sional correspondent humbug, who writes
about the ‘people,’ ‘sovereignty,’ ‘com
monwealths,’ ‘burden of taxes,’ ‘tyran
ny,’ &c.; so does the cheerful hiero
glyphieal prodigy, the associated press
fegeut; and those intolerable frauds, the
poetess and poet of the city; the man
whose friends ddhire that he should be
Mayor; the individual who received a
benefit and a stuffed watch for his bril
liant talents, and in his card of thanks
used the glittering commonplace, the
antiquated and excessively vain pro
noun %’ thus “I,” in fact, the printer
: gets bounced on all sides. The printer,
! who rummages after unintelligible pieces
of metal, who corrects, on -an average,
about fifteen villainous errors an hour
in common words, such as traveler,
jailer, hypocrisy, fulfill, holiday, gauge,
separate, alleged, fetid, judgment, skill
ful, counselor, impanel, and many other
simple ones, and makes probably one
blunder in five thousand words, is fre
quently asked to step down and out. No
wonder he feels savage, and drinks whis
ky and beer, and talks about the igno
rance of the aristocrats, the middle
classes, and all other classes.”
The newspapers state that a well
known banker of Paris has absconded,
leaving a deficit behind. Mrs. Parting
ton thinks that it was very good of the
poor man to leave it, when he might
have got off clear with everything.
GEORGIA CROPS.
Report of the Commissioner of Agri
culture.
In the following report the numbers
opposite turnips refer to the acreage
compared to that of last year; those
opposite the names of other crops refer to
the estimated yield compared to the
crop of last year.
General State Averages.
Corn, 85; cotton, 73; sugar cane, 70;
sorghum, 105; sweet potatoes, 75; field
peas, 81; ground peas, 75; turnips, 102.
The estimated yield of corn and cotton
in the connties of Carroll, Campbell,
Fulton, DeKalb, Gwinnett, Jackson,
Madison, Elbert and the counties north
of these consolidated to themselves is :
Corn, 108; cotton, 89—showing an in
crease of 6 per cent, over the estimate of
last month in corn, and a decrease of 7
per cent, in that of cotton. The con
solidation of the returns from the rest
of the State, including Middle and
Southern Georgia, give- the estimated
yield compared to that of last year of
corn, 77; cotton, 67; showing no change
in the estimate of the corn crop since
last month, but a decrease of 9 per cent,
in that of cotton. In the following
county consolidations “def” refers to
the per cent, of.corn made less than a
home supply, and “sur” indicates the
excess over what will be required to
feed the farm. The “supply” of forage
meaus that required’ to feed the stock
usually kept on the farm. For example,
“corn, def 25,” means that the county
so reporting will need to buy 25 per
cent, of the corn used on the farms—
“corn, sur 25,” indicates that for
every 100 bushels required on the
farm there will be 25 for sale.
County Reports.
Baldwin: Corn, 100; cotton, 60; sweet
potatoes, 100; field peas, 110; ground
peas, 100; turnips, 110; rainfall, 2.56;
corn, def 10; forage, a supply.
Burke: Corn, 70; cotton, 80; sugar
cane, 70; sorghum, 70; sweet potatoes,
80; field peas, 75; ground peas, 80; tur
nips, 80; corn def, 33; forage, not a
supply.
Clarke: Corn, 120; cotton, 80; sor
ghum, 400; field peas, 80; corn and for
age, a supply.
, Columbia: Corn, 82; cotton, 60; sweet
potatoes,' 60; field peas, 55; ground peas,
75; turnips, 100; rainfall, 1; mean tem
perature, 70; corn def, 25.
Elbert: Corn, 88; cotton, 72; sorghum,
125; sweet potatoes, 85; field peas, 90;
ground peas, 95; turnips, 110; rainfall,
2; corn def, 20; forage, a supply.
Emanuel: Corn, 60; cotton, 60; sugar
cane, 25; sweet potatoes, 25; field pens,
80; turnips, 100; rainfall, 25; mean tem
perature, 80; corn and forage, not a sup
ply.
Glascock: Corn, 75; cotton, 50; sugar
cane, 50; sorghum, 50; sweet potatoes,
25; field peas, 25; ground peas, 25; tur
nips, 100; no rain; corn def, 25.
Greene: Corn, 87; cotton, 80; sweet
potatoes, 95; field peas, 90; ground peas,
75; turnips, 90; corn def, 25.
Hancock: Corn, 84; cotton, 70; sugar
cane, 80; sorghum, 88; sweet potatoes,
94; field peas, 65; ground peas, 79; tur
nips, 83; rainfall, .22; mean tempera
ture, 77; corn def, 30.
Hart: Corn, 87; cotton, 85; sorghum,
100; sweet potatoes, 100; field pqas, 95;
ground peas, 95; turnips, 95; rainfall,
2.25; mean temperature, 70; corn def, 5;
forage, a supply.
Jackson: Corn, 90; cotton, 90; sor
ghum, 100; sweet potatoes, 90; field
peas, 85; turnips, 100; rainfall, 3.31;
mean temperature, 80; corn and forage,
a supply.
Jefferson: Corn, 75; cotton, 70; sugar
cane, 25; sweet potatoes, 50; field peas,
50; ground peas, 50; rainfall, 2; corn
def, 25; forage, not a supply.
Johnson: Corn, 80; cotton, 80; sugar
cane, 90; sweet potatoes, 75; field peas,
60; ground peas, 75; turnips, 100; corn,
a supply; forage, not a supply.
Lincoln: Corn, 85; cotton, 60; sweet
potatoes, 70; field peas, 80; ground
peas, 75; turnips, 100; corn def, 26; for
age, not a supply.
McDuffie: Corn, 83; cotton, 63; sugar
cane, 100, sweet potatoes, 46; field peas,
51; ground peas, 80; turnips, 80; rain
fall, 40; mean temperature, 86; corn def,
22; forage, a Supply.
Morgan: Coro, 100; cotton, 83; sweet
potatoes, 75; field peas, 100; turnips,
100; no rain; corn def, 10; forage, a
supply.
Newton: Corn, 110; cotton, 100; sweet
potatoes, 60; field peas, 75; no rain;
corn and forage, a supply.
Oglethorpe: Corn, 100; cotton, 70;
sweet potatoes, 87; field peas, 75; ground
peas, 100; turnips, 100; rainfall, 5;
corn def, 3.
Oconee: Cotton, 50; Corn and forage,
a supply.
Putnam: Corn, 100; cotton, 75; sweet
potatoes, 85; field peas, 90; ground peas,
90; turnips, 80 ; corn def, 30; forage, a
supply.
Richmond: Corn, 85; cotton, 90; sweet
potatoes, 75; field peas, 80; turnips, 95;
rainfall, 1,5 ; mean temperature, 82;
corn def, 50; forage, not a supply.
Rockdale: Corn, 110; cotton, 75; sweet
potatoes, 100 ; field peas, 85 ; ground
peas, 100; corn def, 30 ; forage, a sup
ply.
Scriven: Corn, 68; cotton, 50 ; sugar
cane, 25; sweet potatoes, 55; field peas,
75; ground peas, 75 ; turnips, 105; corn
def, 37.
Taliaferro: Corn, 60; cotton, 50; sweet
potatoes, 75 ; field peas, 60; corn def,
10; forage, a supply.
Warren: Corn, 85 ; cotton, 66 ; sweet
potatoes, 50; field peas, 70; corn def, 15;
forage, not a supply.
Washington : Corn, 75 ; cotton, 50;
sugar cane, 65; sweet potatoes, 56; field
peas, 40; ground peas, 75; oorn def, 25;
forage, not a supply.
Wilkes: Corn, 105; turnips, 105; corn
and forage, not a supply.
Wilkinson: Corn, 81; cotton, 76; sugar
cane, 75; sorghum, 100; sweet potatoes,
73; field peas, 90; ground peas, 91;
turnips, 103; rainfall, 1.5; mean tem
perature, 68; corn def, 3; forage, not a
supply.
It will bo seen that Georgia will gather
only a little more than two-thirds of a
full crop of cotton, and fifteen per cent,
less corn than last year.
These facts, taken in connection with
the very low price at which cotton is
now selling, are indeed discouraging,
and should stimulate planters to the
necessary steps to fortify themselves
against the consequences of this double
disaster, by planting supplementary
crops to supply the deficiency in the
corn crop, and avoid the necessity of
buying as far as possible.
A deficiency of 17 per cent., or abont
2,000,000 bushels corn, must be supplied
either by purchase from other States, or
by planting barley, rye, oats, early pea
crops, and early varieties of corn; 66
per cent, of the correspondents report a
deficiency of long forage. This de
ficiency can, and should be supplied.
Farmers are, therefore, urged to save all
the native grass and peavine hay pos
sible; to sow rye and barley lots for
early Spring use, and particularly to
seed very largely of oats this Fall.
They very wisely increased their grain
crops last Fall and Spring; but the dis
astrous drouths and heated terms dur
ing the past Summer have caused
another deficiency, which must be sup
plied, if possible, without purchasing at
the ruinous rates of interest shown in
August report. The answer to the ques
tion, “ Will farmers sow an increased
area of oats this Fall ?” is very encourag
ing—97 per cent, answer yes. There is
no crop more certain, or more cheaply
raised in Georgia, than oats sown early
in the Fall. The rust-proof varieties,
sown in the Fall, are positively certain
to yield a remunerative harvest. Now
that the price of cotton is below the
average cost of production, self-preserv
ation demands that farmers raise their
own supplies, since at the present price
of cotton there will be no money with
which to buy, after paying the cost of
its production. Indeed, the time has
come when planters must become
farmers. The production of homsup-
plies must be the leading object, more
stock must be raised, less land cultivated,
less labor employed, that employed
made more efficient, and cotton made a
Subsidiary instead of a leading crop.
There can be no prosperity until our
agricultural policy is such that the cot
ton crop of Georgia shall be the prop
erty of the producer, and not pledged
for supplies advanced to make it.
The varieties of grapes generally re
ported as succeeding best are the Con
cord, Ives, Clinton, Hartford Prolific
and Scuppernong. Many other varie
ties are mentioned as succeeding in
localities. The above are recommended,
generally, over the State—the Scupper
nong being the universal favorite. For
the table, Delaware, Concord, Hartford
Prolific and Ives, are generally recom
mended. For market, the Ives, Con
cord and Hartford Prolific have the
preference. For wine the majority re
commend the Concord, Catawba, Clin
ton, Ives and Scuppernong. The aver
age profit per acre where special atten
tion has been given to grape culture is
reported at 8248, the reports ranging
from SSO the lowest, to 8500 the highest
results obtained. These are facts well
worth the consideration of those who
are willing to devote the requisite care
and attention to the vineyard, and to
learn the principles and practice of wine
making. Without these, no one need
embark in grape growing with the hope
of success. The answers to the question,
“ what is the annual cost of fencing
crops in your county,” are made on
such varied bases that no definite re
sults can be derived from them. The
■ame is true as to the answers to the
question as to the cost of “ fencing
stock.” , . .
The conclusions drawn from a careful
study of all the answers are, that such
is the diversity of circumstances and in
terests in Georgia that a general law re
quiring either the fencing of crops or
stock is unwise. In the mountain re
gions of North, and the wire grass re
gions of South Georgia, fencing stock
would be not only a hardship, but abso
lutely impracticable, the cultivated area
being very small compared to the stock
range, and yet the flocks not sufficiently
large to justify the constant care of
herdsmen.
In the farming and planting regions
of North, Middle and Southwest Geor
gia, on the contrary, the present law re
quiring crops to be fenced is equally a
hardship, and with the present system
of labor, almost impracticable. The re
lations of cultivated and pasture areas
in the latter sections are the reverse of
those in the former, and hence a law ap
plicable to one is inapplicable, if not
unjust, to the other. How then is this
question to be met ? Very plainly, by
leaving the question of “fencing crops”
or “fencing stock” to be determined by
the freeholders of each county.
That some better system than the
present is necessary, is shown by the
fact that five per cent, of the stock of
the State are either injured or killed for
breaking into crops; that five per cent,
of the crops of the State are destroyed
by stock and that eight per cent, of
stock are lost annually by running out
and not being fenced at night. It is a
matter of some surprise that only fif
teen per cent: of the farmers of Georgia
save, under shelter, the manure from
their stock. This is a record of delib
erate and unpardonable waste. Animal
manures exposed to the leaching effects'
of rain, and the evaporation of the sun,
lose a large portion of their soluble
plant food. Experiment shows thatr
nearly one-half the value of animal ma
nures is lost by such exposure. Farmers
will consult ecouomy by sheltering all
the manure saved on their farms. In
composting manures that have been ex
posed, it will be necessary to use more
concentrating material to supply the
waste thus occasioned. In composting
such manures, at least 600 lbs. of acid
phosphate, and 50 lbs. of sulphate of am
monia should be used to the ton, or 600
lbs. of an ammoniated superphosphate,
composted with 1,400 lbs. of manure
and cotton seed. The injury to the
crops by insects is reported at three per
cent., and is attributed almost tfttirely
to bud worm in corn in the Spring, the
’cut worm, and the boll worm which has
injured the cotton to some extent. No
injury by caterpillar is reported.
SOUTH CAROLINA.
But two prisoners now in Edgefield
jail.
Died, in Orangeburg, 9th, John Whet
stone.
The police force of Columbia num
bers 22.
Died, in Columbia, recently, Thos. J.
Rawls.
Johnston is to have anew Baptist
church.
Died, in Greenville, recently, Mrs.
John Stokes.
Died, at Cedar Springs, recently,
John Devlin.
Died, at Abbeville, 18th, Annie, in
fant of A. M. Hill.
Mr. J. Y. Jones is making a map of
Abbeville county.
Arrangements are about completed
for the establishment of a Male Academy
in Lexington.
A little child of Mr. L. A. Burke, at
Midway, had its arm cut off last week by
being caught in a cotton gin.
Johnston has anew guard house, and
the young men of Johnston have organ
ized a weekly prayer meeting.
The game laws authorize the shooting
of partridges and other game birds on
and after the 15th day of October.
The Brahma Pootra Minstrels give an
entertainment at Pine House Depot to
night, assisted by the Johnston Brass
Band.
The Fall term of the Circuit Court is
in session at Barnwell. The Barnwell
Bar recommend the re-eleetion of Judge
Maher.
The gin house of W. H. Hewlett, of
Barnwell, was destroyed by fire recent
ly, with five or six bales of cotton. No
insurance.
Seven hundred and ten thousand dolr
lars is the estimated cost for completing
the Spartanburg and Aehville Railroad—
connecting line between Charleston and
Cincinnati.
Three prisoners have recently escaped
from Edgefield jail, Ras Scott and Lang
Goodwin, negroes, accused of murder,
and an old white man named Snipes,
confined for assault and battery.
According to the late census the popu
lation of the county of Chester is 24,227,
of which 7,228 are whites and 16,999 are
colored. The population of the town of
Chester is 2,719, of which 1,655 are
whites and 1,064 colored.
The last Edgefield Advertiser has a
very interesting and welhwritten let
ter from London from the attorney
who has gone to look after the interest
the Edgefield Jenningses are supposed
to have in some magnificent English
estates.
Barnwell Sentinel, 24th : A fearful
storm swept over the neighborhood of
Healing Springs on Saturday night last,
exceeding in violence anything that has
occurred for years. Trees, fences, &c.
were prostrated, and cohsiderable dam
age done the corn and cotton crops.
Rev. Dublin J. Walker, former School
Commissioner of Charleston county,
and now a State Senator, has been con
victed of issuiug a fraudulent school
certificate for seventy dollars. Walker
is a leading negro preacher. The con
victing jury had one white man and
eleven negroes. Six of them were com
municants in his own church.
A dispatch from Greenville to the At
lanta Constitution says suit has been
entered by W. E. Earle, Esq., editor of
the llepublican, against Messrs. John
0. and Edward Bailey, proprietors of
the Enterprise and Mountaineer, for ten
thousand dollars damages for libel in
the publication of an article defamatory
to his character. This is the matter re
sulting from the caning of J. M. Runion,
the supposed editor of the Republican,
some time since by Col. S. 8. Critten
den, editor of the Enterprise, and Moun
taineer.
The number of deaths witllin the city
of Charleston, for the week ending Sep
tember 18, 1875, was 50, of which 15
were whites and 35 were colered, (in
cluding 6 stillborne, 2 white and 4
colored), as follows: Whites—Adults,
male 6, female 2; childreu; male 4;
female 3. Blacks or Colored—Adults,
male 6, female 3; children, male 11,
female 15. Ages : Under 1 year, 15;
between 1 and 5, 13; between 5 and 10,
2; between 10 and 20, 2; between 20 and
30, 3; betweu 30 and 40,4; between 40
and 50, 4; between 50 and 60, 3; between
60 and 70, 2; between 70 and 80, 1; be
tween 80 anil 90, 1.
Trottlng Record for 1875.
The great trotting circuit of 1875,
which included the splendid meetings
at Cleveland, Buffalo, Rochester, Utica,
Poughkeepsie, Springfield and Hart
ford has produced some very fast time.
The records and the winnings of all the
trotting horses making a record is as
follows :
Horse. Amount. Record.
American Girl 8 7,550 2:17$
Annie Collins 2,650 2:27
Amy 2,000 2:22}
Adelaide 4,650 2:22}
Ashland Pet 500 2:35$
Albert 4,250 2:24$
Bonner 4,750 2:28
Bella (Maud) 2,800 2:22
Breeze 3,250 2:25$
Clementine 8,075 2:21
Cosette 750 2:23
Carrie 1,725 2:24$
John W. Hall 4,100 2:25
Lula 7,750 2:15
Lady Maud 7,700 2:18$
Lucille Golddust 7,850 2:16$
Lady Turpin 4,125 2:23
Lady Snell 1,500 2:23$
Little Fred 5,850 2:24
Lewinski 2,700 2:26$
May Queen 5,625 2:20
Music 2,000 2:21$
Moisey 4,350 2:21$
Calmar 650 2:30
Duke 1,000 2:26$
Eva 2,800 2:25$
F rank Ferguson 1,000 2:27
Frank J 1,300 2:23$
Goldsmith Maid 12,000 2:14$
Gen. Garfield 3,500 2:21
Grafton 3,000 2:24$
Great Eastern 2,550 2:27$
Hopeful 8,850 2:17$
Honest Harry. 1,950 2:25
Idol 3.325 2:23
Judge Fullerton 3,850 2:18
joker 5,050 2:22$
Jim Irving 1.250 2:23
Jack Draper 2,000 2:31$
Mollie Morris 4,625 2:22
Nerea * 3,050 2:23$
Nellie Walton 2,500 2:26
Orient 5,100 2:24
Preston 050 2:28$
Quaker Boy 150 2:37
Karus 9,600 2:20$
Sensation 7,650 2:23$
St. Jnlien 8,900 2:22$
Sand Hill 925 2:31
Twilight..... 600 2:27$
Tom Moore 775 2:28
Unknown 1,125 2:23
White Cloud 1,000 2:28$
Woodruff 350 2:38$
York State :. 1,800 2:23$
Public Trials.
Gov. Sprague, 4 years (Buffalo).. .2:21$
Madame Fitiens, prima donna, and
Charles Bradlaugb, British Radical,
have arrived in New York.
