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About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 1866-1877 | View Entire Issue (Nov. 17, 1875)
mromcle anb Smltml. WEDNESDAY. NOVEMBER 17, 1875. SOUTH CAROLINA AND MJBSIBBIP- The Washington Capital says that Mississippi is to be congratulated, for she is once more a free State. Whatever sorrow or joy the various results of the recent elections may carry to cliques and parties, the final emancipation of Mississippi from the rule of the carpet bagger may bo regarded as a national blessing. To Mr. Lamab more than any other man the country is indebted for the rehabilitation of this State. With the Constitution in one hand and the olive branch in the other he has met the Radicals of the South and the Radicals of the North; he has by precept and example taught his own people the les son of patience and long suffering; he has labored earnestly, conscientiously and successfully to restrain the fiery natures of his constituents, and has kept them from deeds of violence under the most provoking treatment, whose occasional commission has hereto fore given their enemies some col orable grounds for the assertion that Mississippi is the least law-abiding State in the country. The white men of Mis sissippi declined to enter into combina tions with either the carpet-bagger or the negro politician. They bided their time and endured wrongs at the hands of their former slaves and men who came from the North with no other aim than to fatten upon their substance, oppress them and malign them. At last the ne gro himself arose to some appreciation of the situation ; the more intelligent east their political lot with those white men whose interests were identical with' their own, and another year will see this great State striding on to prosperity. The case of Mississippi is the case of South Carolina. South Carolinians have the same motive for throwing off the yoke of the spoiler, and the Lord of Hosts will give them a leader. There are men in Sonth Carolina just as able and just as patriotic as Mr. Lamab, and they must come to the front in the next cam paign. r SENATOR BAYARD. We publish in another column of the Chronicle AND Sentinel, this morning, a letter to the Atlanta Herald, writ ten by Senator Bayard, of Delaware. We make no apology for the space which the letter occupies, because we believe that no better nor more acceptable mat ter conld be offered to our readers. The views presented by Mr. Bayard will, for two reasons, command attention. In the first place, because of their sound ness and intrinsic merit. In the second place, because they are the sentiments of a man who at the present time has an excellent chance of being tho next Pre sident of tho United States. The defeat of the Democrats in Ohio effectually killed Inflation and all its disciples and adherents. But it did more than that. It eliminated from tho Presidential con test Governor Tn.DF.N-a man who, up to that timo, had been decidedly the strongest candidate in the held. The Democracy of the country are not will ing to support any inflationist for the Presidency. Neither are they willing to support any man for tho Presidency who, in an important political campaign, gave aid and comfort to the enemy. Mr. Bayard is known all over tho country as an able and consistent hard-money Democrat —one utterly opposed to in flation in all its forms. But neither Mr. Bayard nor Mr. Bayard’s friends are known to have done anything, direct ly or indirectly, to compass the defeat of Allen and tho election of the Repub lican candidate for Governor in Ohio. He is n man of stainless pnblio and private character, and during his career in the Senate of tho United States has been noted for un swerving adherenoe to the great princi ples of Constitutional Government, -For these reasons Mr. Bayard is justly re garded as the most prominent Demo cratic candidate for tho Presidency.— Unless some now unforeseen change should tako place his chances arc good for the nomination next Summer. Thin “open letter” of Mr. Bayard’s gives succinctly, yet strongly, his views upon financial questions ami of the policy in reference to the same which should he adopted by the Southern people. He shows, and to our mind convincingly, that tho country has nothing to fear from contraction, so-called, and an early resumption of specie payments. He says, and rightly, that the evils which the country is now suffering—evils which have paralyzed trade and pros trated labor, which have locked up capi tal and crushed enterprise—have been caused by a want of confidence produced by the mischievous schemes'of the infla tionists. An* addition of five hundred tailing to the circulating medium to morrow would not help tho couutry or people a particle. In fact, such a step would only add to the misfortunes by which both are now overwhelmed. The bubble has beeu pricked and cannot bo blown agaiu. No one will be deceived a second time. The sooner we recognize this fact and act upon it, the sooner will be brought about a restoration of per manent prosperity. We must resolutely turn our backs upon a policy which cau only lead to universal bankrupt cy and utter ruin. Tho cry of “more money" is a delusion and a snare—a pitfall for the unwary. What we need is a restoration of confidence which will permit the millions now locked up all over the country to be made available. As we have said before | using the words of a well known busi ness mnu of this city—it is the uncer tainty which kills, liesumption of spe cie payments to-morrow would not do half the mischief that is occasioned by the present anomalous condition of af fairs. Immediate resumption would do some damage we admit, but not near as much as will be done unless resumption decided upon. Those whom would kill will die anyhow—it is only a question of time. Unless our financial policy is speedily settled every one will be rained. Better to lose the dyiug twig than the whole tree. Better let the arm be amputated than to lose the whole body by gangrene. If such a financial policy as that indicated bj Mr. Bayard be adopted the whole ; country will instantly feel its effects. Doubt would disappear and certainty take the place of uncertainty. The money which is now concealed would 1 come' from its hiding places. Buried ; treasures would be resurrected. Trade j wouid start from its lethargy, industry j would recover from its paralysis. Mon j would no louger be afraid to risk their means. Labor would find employment. Capital would fieek profitable invest- j ment. Investment* would be made at j any point where a reasonable return was < promised, and every inU.-est would j thrive. Mr. Bayard favors a return to the State Banking system. So do we j all The National Bank system created | for a special purpose has answered that parpose, has served its turn, and should now yield to the necessities of: the times. Mr. Bayard shows how these j institutions can be made and have been auuie detrimental to the public while they .have, wittingly or unwittingly, most probably the latter, served the purposes ot speculators and their illegi timate interest.'. The State Banking ■vstern is the safest and the best. It has been tried before and found wanting. Let ns return to first principles and take from the hands of politicians the power to ruin, through ignorance or design, tiie business interest# of ike couutry. What the South seeks uow is the adop tion of a financial policy which will give her the one thing, and the one thing atouc, which she needs, viz: capital. We have everything else. Our re source* ouly need development. We have fine lands, a hospitable climate, inexhaustible water power, unequalled mineral deposits. All that we wish is capital to develop our resources. De velopment can only be accomplished by capital and capital will only come with confidence. Confidence must and will be secured by the adoption of a policy which discards the wild theories of crackbrained inflationists and affords us a currency which will give security to oapital, an impetus to business and a stimulus to enterprise of every descrip tion. ______ THE MAN ON HORSEBACK. We published yesterday morning an article from the St. Lonis Times— a lead ing Democratic paper of the Weat—<>n the third term, which was well worthy perusal. It was the fashion with many to ridicule the “ C*s abism ” articles which appeared a year or more ago in the Herald as attempts to create a sen sation. But events have shown, and are constantly showing, that there was a great deal of truth in what was writ ten on this subject. When General Grant was nominated for the Presi dency in 1868, General Frank Blair predicted that if he once got possession of the White House he would’ not. come out again “ unless he came feet fore most,” plainly signifying that death alone would rid the country of the sol dier-President. In 1872, when Grant intrigued for and secured a second term, some of the ablest members of the Re publican party abandoned it rather than give their support to a scheme whieh they considered so franght with danger to the country. Grant was elected in 1868 and in 1872. He is actively in triguing now for election in 1876. It may be said that he has no chance of election. . This may lie true and it may not be true. Whatever may be his cTiafied of election, his nomination we consider almost a certainty. He will go into the National Republican Conven tion with the solid Southern vote. He will receive the support of every South ern delegation from Maryland to Texas, and if one or two Northern States espouse his cause he will be nominated beyond a doubt. It will require no vio lent stretch of the imagination to suppose him nominated. Suppose that through the blunders of the Democracy, or, as bad, their weakness, he be elected, what shall prevent the victory of consolida tion, the triumph of Cjesarism. It is said that tho army at his back is too small to conquer forty millions of “free men.” Suppose that forty millions of “freemen” are willing to bo conquered, that forty millions of freemen will sub mit without striking a blow, what then ? People who have submitted to usurpa tion once will submit to usurpation again. The encroachments upon liberty made by the Radical party during the past ten years have prepared the people for almost anything. A subversion of the Government now would not create a tittle of the alarm and indignation which the passage of the Enforcement act or the Civil Rights bill would have caused twenty-five years ago. General Grant iu his attempt to overthrow republican government would be backed by the arnl y_ B mall, it is true, but experience has shown how quickly citizens suc cumb to the power of the military. He would bo backed by the capital of the country, for capital is notoriously timid and dreads despotism less than a change of administration. He would, in ad dition, be backed by large numbers of people who are disgusted with so-called republican government and prefer the dominion of one man to the rule of the mob. All these elements wpnld unite to keep General Grant, elected for a third time, in the White House for life. The Democracy must make up their miud that a third term meaus G*;sarihm, that a third term means despotism. PHILADELPHIA FINANCES. New York is not peculiar in the ex travagance of its municipal debt. Its neighbor, Philadelphia, which is con stantly. attempting to rival it in metro politan characteristics, has certainly succeeded in rivalling it in this respect. In 1872, it is stated, the cost of the vari ous departments of Philadelphia was §5,- 694,444; now it is over §10,00t,000, hav ing been nearly doubled iu three years under the regime of the “Pilgrims,” as the Republican ring is called. And al though the expenditures have thus largely increased, yet has not tho debt been diminished; on tho contrary, it lias increased, too. It 1872 the funded debt was §47,000,000, and the floating debt §8,300,000— making the entire iu dobtnesa §60,300,000. On the first of January, 1875, the funded debt was §60,271,000; iu addition to this there is a floating debt of about §10,000,000; and there has been contracted this yoar §l,- 800,000 of bonded debt, and there is yet to bo contracted §1,200,000. The aggre gate indebtednes of the city at the end of the present year will, therefore, it is estimated, be over §74,000,000. This is larger in proportion to the valuation than the debt of New York city. HOME RULE FOR IRELAND. "A meeting of Irish Nationalists was held last eveuiug (we quote from the New York Herald, of the Bth) for the purpose of considering the action it would be proper to take with regard to the present policy .of rthe .Hqme Rule party iu Ireland.” •; %•.. \ , ,r As this question ha* no'* been public-, ly brought forward by the ‘“Nationalist” party of New York—if we , igJglß cftj' them so—it might not be Il*fppAt briefly sketch for the benefit l OuTlrish’ readers, which, of course, include at! those of Irish descent who have not made a study of the question, what this Home Rule really means. Iu the first place, it is different from what a repeal of the union at preseut existing between Great Britain and Ireland would be, for that virtually means nothing more nor less than total separation from England; bnt simply a separation to this extent: upon all domestic matters the liber ty of making the laws for Ireland iu Ireland and the establishment of a native parliament in College Green, iu a word allowing Ireland the same liberty that Australia aud Cauada enjoy, and only upon an imperial question allowing Eng land to interfere in Irish affaire. This is Home Rule. Australia has had this for years, and not long since the boon was given to Cauada without her asking for it. Surely if for no other reason than pure gratitude alone, this petition so humbly begged for by the Irish peo ple should lie granted to Ireland as well I as to either Canada or Australia, for it s is a met acknowledged that more Irish men have shed their blood ou tbs battie i field fighting for England's honor aud i i the glory of the English flag than both i Australians and Canadians combined, ' ' But gratitude in regard to Ireland is a ' word uot to lie found in any English I dictionary. Indeed, to make our meaning more j clear, it is just asking for the rights aud privileges enjoyed by any individual State in the United States. A thing, we! think, very easily understood, and yet England, through her orators and statesic.ec,. affects to be ignorant of what Home Rule means, aud keeps piling up the fuel that feeds the furnace of hatred ! that exists in the minds of the ignorant ! portion at the English population to- j : ward Irishmen, by declaring that it is i I oaly a concerted effort to gain the same : end that Fenianism and other societies I openly aimed to accomplish. To gain j this end—that is to say. Home Rale—le ! gaily, au organization has been started in Ireland, calling upon the people when chosing their representatives to seleot only those who pledged themselves, Iby their speeches in Parliament , and their vote at the ballot, to I Home Rule, hoping that when the - question has been fairly debated, j with the majority of Irish members and i what others they can wist over to their side from the more generous a©d in telligent of the English members of, Parlimeut, that they will accomplish in a peaceable and legal manner the same thing substantially that Ireland has been for 700 years trying to gain by the sword, and for which so much blood has been spilled—to gain that for which O’Connell struggled so hard and for which Exxktt so heroically died. AMERICAN HARDWARE. The Philadelphia North American •ays the English trade statistics con tinue to show a steady decline in the shipments of hardware to the United States. Formerly there was no branch of the foreign import trade here so strong or reliable as that in hardware, and all our stores in that line were filled with foreign products. But gradually American ingenuity obtained command of one thing after another, either by la bor-saving machinery or superiority of make, until at length the hardware trade of the Republic has become mainly American. Nor is this all. For we learn from an English trade report that American hardware is generally pre ferred in Australia on account of the superiority of its materials or construc tion, and that those who once employ it iu that country will never have any oth er. The real explanation to this is that in hardware, as in textile fabrics, the English manufacturers have sacrificed everything for cheapness. They can boat the world for deception, in giving a fine appearance to an inferior article. But in metal working that sort of thing will not answer, and hence when the English hardware manufacturers once lose their market in a place they lose it finally. The American article proves its superiority, aud that cannot be disputed or overthrown. , A NEW INVENTION IN PAPER MAKING. Though the manufacture of paper in this country is among the most import ant of our industries, until recently there have been but very few improvements in the complicated machinery used.’ Costly furnaces, fixtures and chemicals have been required to prepare the wood and straw for the pulping engines, and with the greatest care possible, the material was often found unevenly cooked, both causing waste and turning out unsatis factory product. A now process lias been introduced, which promises to overcome all these disadvantages. It fills the wood and straw in the digestors very rabidly, and produces a free circu lation of the alkoline liquid. A uniform temperature, necessary for digesting the wood and straw, is obtained iu an hour and a half, which in itself is said to be the great improvement. The importance of these improvements arc obvious, as the trade is a growing one. In IS7O there were in the country 669 establish ments, using 53,210 horse power (11,574 steam and 41,644 water), employing 10,- 009 hands, with a capital of §35,365,014, paying §7,148,513 as wages, employing §30,029,063 worth of materials, and turning out a product valued at §48,- 676,936. These figures include the va rious kinds of paper made, but printing paper is represented by over one-third this immense aggregate. MINOR TOPICS. A recent estimate) places the debt of Hpai.i at $2,000,000,000, which is an increase in threo years of nearly $1,000,000,000. The hulk of the new loan is probably floating debt, borrow ed from hand to mouth, at Madrid. Spanish six per cents, are quoted at 02 in London, mid tho probability is that Spain wilffollow the ex ample of Turkey in partial repudiation. Peace and wise administration, which might enable Spain to pay her debts, seem stilt remote. Quite a lively sensation was proJucod on Sat urday afternotm, at the Tivoli Theatre, iu New York. It appears that a little child was per forming on the trapeze, when officers of the '•Society for tho Prevention of Cruelty to Children" made a raid upon tho stage and ar rested the little acrobat, who is about six years old. At the time of the raid he was in the aot of walking a tight rope, with a balancing pole. The performer and his father were taken into custody, placed in a carriage and driven to the residence of a Justice. A New York letter says : -‘The newest politi cal sensation lit the City Hall is to the effect that Governor Tildes and Mayor Wickham have formed a ooalition against Tammany Hall, and that the first practical manifestation of tho fact will be tho removal from office of Police Commissioners Disbf.ckkh and Voorheeh, in order to fill their places with moil over whom the Wigwam can havo no control. There are many circumstances, in the existing condition of things, to make such a coalition a clever stroke of reform policy now that Tammany lias been ignominionslv votod down at the ballot box. Still it is well to await the development of events before accepting rumors for facts.” There is strong evidence iu the utterances of the press of Texas of a gradual tendency in that State .toward a belief iu tho value of hurnau life. The Waco Examiner of a recent date speaks in terms of severest criticism of the murders which have become so frequent throughout the State, and closes with a stir ring appeal to it® readers and cotemporaries to “ make Toxas too hot to hold a man who wan tonly takes the life of a follow man.” With this spirit abroad we shall undoubtedly hear before many years that a law has been jjassed in Toxas making murder a crimiual offense. In England the annual item of damages for injuries to passengers and freight is a serious one in a railroad’s expenses. The sttm award ed by English Courts for personal injuries on railroads during the yoar ending with June last amounted to $1,693,000, and for loss aud damage to goods in transit, $1,310,000, a total of more than $3,000, 00#J being nearly one-half the average dividend. The largest sums paid on both bqniridec&tions were by the London and Nortbpreeteru, $7110,340. The Great East ern paid pearly #200,000 for personal injuries. We presume Ah*l ile, voluntary awards made by the road*.’ would Considerably swell these figures. Courts hi England seem to be stern where accidents have boon caused by the fanlt fxl t|ie companies. A reunion of th* survivors ctf the famous oharge of the English light brigade at Baiak lava. In Crimea, in 1354. was held ip I/oiidon on October 2s, the anniversary of the battle. All who were engaged in the demonstration aud the general public were astonished at the number of tfie participants in the charge who are still hying. No less than oue hundred and eighty accredited were present at the celebra tion. and considering that ip the natural course of eveuis a number of the Bothers havo died during the twenty-one years that havo elapsed since the battle occurred, the attack must have been decidedly less desperate andTatal than some of the iuoteqtcnts iu our late riwil war. Pickett’s charge at tjte battle of Gettysburg, for instanoe, probably caused the loss of a greater portion of his division than the pro portional* loss of the six hundred at Balak lava. Paris is stirred with anew sensation. There are in that city great numbers of titled per sons, many of whom derive their claims to no bility from grants made by the Pope of Home. Keacptly hie Holinoss issued a patent of no bility to a wealthy Parisian, and the French Government refuses to allow tho recipient to assume the title conferred. o to recognize it in any way. Th* ground of the refusal is that the P. pe is no kiuger a temporal sovereign, and hence has no right to create a nobility.— This, of course, invalidates all titles granted by die Holy Father for several years past, and th* consteruatiotr of persons so favored is very great. It is an anomaly fer a republic to acknowledge the validity of title®, carrying with them grades of rank other than official, bnt France is an exception to general rules in varioaa respects Her nobility enjoy no hered itary legislative privileges, as do those of Eng land, and their distinction is wholly social. This being the case, we don't see why a title conferred by the Pope, or for that matter by anybody else, need give the Government any uneasiueee. _ A recent German writer says that a lmudle of muscle-fibers is a kind of machine, con sisting of albuminous material just as a steam engine is made of steel, iron, brass, etc., and. as in the steam engine, coal is burned in order to produce fore*, so in the muscular machine, fats, or hydrocirtone. are burned for the same purpoee. and just as the constructive material of the engine—irou. etc.—is worn away and ; oxidized, the constructive material of the muscle is worn away, and this wearing away is the source of the uitrogenious constituents of the urine. This theory, it is asserted, explains why. during muscular exertion, the excretion of urea is litfle or not at all increased, while that of carbonic acid is enormously augmented; for iu a steam engine moderately fired and ready for use, the oxidation of iron, etc , would go on quite equably, end would not be much increased by the moss rapid firing neces sary for working, bnt much more soal weald ! be burned when it than when it was , standing idle This is. in substance, an old theory ingeniously improved upon. Why is the letter O *o frequently used l in -writing ? Because it’s always ’round when wanted. JYDEE KELLEY. [Special Correspondence Chronicle mi l Sentinel.] Radical Bag- Money Pig Iron Kelley. Atlanta, November 10.—Some days ago I sent yon an account of Radical Bag Money Reconstruction Pig Iron Kelley’s vi 4t to the eity in the year 1867, or thereabouts, in whieh I men tioned that he had stated, in response to an invitation of several gentlemen to visit them socially, that he had uni formly declined all invitations during his visit to the South, except the invita tion of some quadroons—negroes—in New Orleans, whose hospitality ha h#d accepted with pleasure and gratification. ( htionid R A Alston, of this city, who seems over anxious to trump up some charge against me, and’who seems to be an admirer of Reconstruction Quad roon Loving Kelley; clipped ont a part of the letter, a garbled extract, and sent it to Kelley, making it appear that the oc casion referred to was ia October last. To this the disciple of Reconstruc tion replied, denying the truth of my statements, and saying he had not been to New Orleans daring his visit to the South. Something About Quadroon Loving Kelley. When negro-admiring Kelley wrote that very polished, elegant and refined (?) note to Alston, possibly he may have forgotten his first masterly raid into Georgia in 1867 in company with a paitv of other Radical politicians to organize the negroes in the interest of the Radi cal party against the honest white peo ple of the South. I now reaffirm what I have before stated, that after he de livered a harangue iu this place in 1867 he was invited by a prominent citizen to call on him, aud that he replied that he hail made only one social visit during his tour South, aud that was to call on a colored lady aud gentleman iu New Or leauaanddiue with them, aud proceeded speak to in complimentary terms of their manners, and to decline the invitation of the Atlanta gentleman. His reply to the invitation was heard by four prominent gentlemen in this city, three of them geatiaaxeu. of immense .wealth mid jp markable business success, who related the inoident for years afterwards until it has become quite generally known, and if Pig Iron Kelly contradicts it he can be confronted by these very gentle men, who will bear testimony to the cor rectness of the statement. The Truth Hurts. The truth of the matter is, this expo sure of ’Kelley’s past record is galling to the very refined quadroon lover. Eight years ago, when the white people were helpless, he came South to complete their degradation by inciting tho negroes to oppose and oppress them by voting tho Radical ticket. The white people were weak and he snubbed them, boldly | proclaiming his association with negro quadroons. Bnt eight years have past, and the white pooplo of Georgia have regained their power and influence, and he is willing to bestow upon them politicalattentiou and tender them the greatest consideration, in order to ob tain their influence to further his schemes. As to whether your corres pondent or Quadroon-loving Kelley is a liar, after the foregoing explanation, I am quite willing to submit tho question to the public. As to whether R. A. Al ston thinks the extract “false in spirit” or not, lam perfectly indifferent, as he is not my monitor, pastor, guardian, god-mother or graudinammu. Minor Matters, It is stated this afternoon that a young man of this city, of high social standing and of considerable wealth, lias been ar rested and imprisoned on a charge of mutilating the county records, having, it is reported, abstracted from the Court records a mortgage in which lie was in terested. Another report states that he had forged the names of certain leading attorneys to important papers. I with hold his name until a judicial investiga tion is had A gentleman of consider able wealth, who lias been in this city from the far West endeavoring to induce emigration for several mouths past, has declared bis intention to remove and locate in Atlanta. Georgia is the great est place after all, and Atlanta the dom ing city. He left Georgia thirty-five years ago for the West, where lie accu mulated a fortune. . . . f learn from what I consider good authority that Hon. John H. James is developing astonish ing strength for the Governorship, and that if he continues to accumulate strength he will outstrip several of the prominent and avowed candidates for the Chief Executive position. •Halifax. THE COURSE OF COTTON. Weekly Review of the New York Mar ket. [New York Bulletin. \ The general market has been dull, even to stupidity at times, and afforded a decided contrast to the condition of affairs prevailing during the preceding week or two. This, however, was to be expected after the unusually severe “twist” of the October “corner,” aud matters have been gradually adjusting themselves into more legitimate shape. On futures there has been some shrink age, bnt spots show tho most decided decline on quotations, though the de cline in actual value is considered mere ly a nominal oue, as Yates were simply forced np at tho close of last month to aid in carrying out the speculative ma nipulations, while it was a well known fact that buyers who xvotild positively take cotton ont of tho market, could, at all times, find accommodation materially below the so-called ruling rates. No positive plan of operations has been de veloped for the future, neither the “bulls” or “bears" having as yet snffi oievtly recovered from the late tussol to venture upon freo movements, but ru mor has it that plans laid some time ago are being quietly matured, which will culminate in au attempt at least to handle this month’s contracts in a man ner similar to those on October. The prospects for success on such a move ment are as yet very doubtful. The effect of the recent full rates is already to be seen in the free arrivals at the ports and the steady accumulation of stocks, while the severe ordeal through which they have just passed induced the “bears” to act with gYeat care, and pre sents much of an extension of the “short” interest. The sentiment of the regular “trade” also is most decidedly against further “corners” as tending to prostrate legitimate business, and hurt this eity as a centre for distribution. In deed, it ;s claimed that many of the leading buyers era already seeking sup plies elsewhere, and we are tqld by one firm that they alone can clearly tiace a loss in commissions of very considerable magnitude to the baneful influence of the October “corner.” Customers have flatly refused to operate on a market where it is utterly impossible to decide upon any fixed value for bona fide ‘goods. - Very few orders of magnitude have been received on the market for futures during the week, and the 1 current busi ness was light, at times almost at a stand, and only kept alive by the small operations of brokers. Values have made light fractional fluctuations, with the average range a little lower, but no serious break. Iu yieif of tho full sup plies in sight, the steady arrivals and the absence of any important demand, the inclination in many quarters has been to sell, thongh no one nas had the bravery to do so freely. The fear is, that the “bulls.” are working their cards to induce liberal Additions to the ‘‘short” interests for a week or so, aud then again put on the screws. The general influences, both foreign and do mestic' have shown nothing peculiarly stimulating; and, taken altogether, the position, iu appearance, at least, Was weak. On “spots” the business during the earlier portion of the period under review was quite limited and confined almost exclusively to small parcels pick ed pp bv spiuners to meet sonre urgent necessity. Exporters finding “short no notices” cheaper tkap sample lots, neg lected the latter until they ooijid buy at 13-Lc, and then took enough to fill a few orders awaiting this limit. The regular monthly count of stock made an aggre gate of nearly 70,0(X) bales, of which, however, seme 38,700 were on shipboard awaiting clearance, and thus verifying the statement of last week that shippers had received largely ou contract. This fact and not very encouraging advices from abroad have undoubtedly contrib uted toward cheeking much fresh de mand on foreign account. The avail able stoek here has increased and in nearly ail cases was freely offered at de clining prices, the falling off on quota tions from the close on October 30 to present writing amounting to 1 l-16c per lb. The amounts available to arrive, too, have been liberal without many buyers, and stock at the Southern ports was offered very cheap at times. As sortments few and there is less difficulty experienced in making selections than a week or so agd. STABBING AT V ARNEBVILLE. 8. C [Speeiai Ihspateh to th* Ckronide and Sentiml.] Vabxesvtllk, S. C., November 12.- At the close of a Masonic meeting in Varnesvilie yesterday, A. J. Gill stabbed and dangerously wounded Mr. C. D. May. From what I can learn, it fppears that they had had some disagreement during the day, and that when at the j breaking up cijf the meeting May, who 1 was unarmtd, stepped up to GiU, offer ing to settle the matter by a fair fight, j the latter responded by stabbing him. several times in the Biae. They were • promptly separated. Little hope is en tertained of the wounded man's recov ery. Both are Masons. Gill is still at large. N. E. G., Operator. BEXATOR BAYAKI). AN OPEN LETTER ON THE CUR RENCY QUESTION. The Old Democratic Doctrine of Hard Money'—A Splendid Enunciation of Principles—A Tribute to the SonUt ern People—A discussion of the Old Banking System, etc . etc. \Yu.iii*GTO*, Del, Nov. 6, 1875. To the Editor of (he Atlafita Herald : Mr Dear Sik— lt would have saved me some hours in a time of business jyessure if I could have had the aid of a stenographer at Macon to rejiprt the speech I there dikde to tho' peopleof Georgia But as noroport of was made, I cannot Tail, m view of the grave importance of the subject, to comply with your request for “an open .letter,” in relation to .the question of national finance aud currency, which so interests and agitates the public mind at this time. 1 shall speak as plainly as I can, and must be fofgiven if I reassert truisms, which seem however to be overlooked by many who discuss the Bubject now-a-days. - ‘ Whatever is by law oalled “money”— the legalized currency of the country— is the basis of all public and private contracts, and therefore of credit—being made by law the equivalent for all things purchasable. If this "money” contains in itself no intrinsic value, it cannot be used as a standard by which to measure the valuo of other, commodities, and thus at once fails in the highest attri bute of money, because instability is its inherent and necessary feature; insta bility is uncertainty* .and uncertainty is the fruitful parent of fraud and wrong. Thus, if with such “money” w? buy land, or houses, or horses, or bread, and obtain credit for such purchases— the currency having no fixed value— fluctuates from day to day—so that no buyer can kuow how much "he will have tn pay when his debts fail due, nor can the seller know what value heis.to re ceive; aud thus all. ordinary business operations become speculative and gam bling transactions,* With a basis so changeable, all lotjfcof money are nn mi 1 to that with which he parted, aud will, therefore, hesitate to make the loan un less upon a profit equivalent to his sup posed risk, aud this undue profit is al ways paid by the borrower. If the lender was made to feel confident that the currency he loaned would not be re turned to liim depreciated iu value, he would gladly put it to use and on mod erate terms. It is the absence of such confidence that produces “contraction,” and gives rise to the complaints we often hear of “want of money,” and which causes the paralysis we witness in every branch of trade and business. The threat of “in flation”—that is, of increasing the volume of irredeemable paper notes of the (government, and thereby necessari ly decreasing the value in a greater ratio —produces “contraction” iu the amount of lonns, because it lessens the influence which induces men, liaviug money, to lend it. Thus the inflationists have been all along, and are ftow, the real foes of those who wish to borrow money, on reasonable terms, in order to employ men who labor for their daily bread.— We witness in the cities a plethora of curreucy, which the owners long to in vest—to lend upon interest—lint which the insecurity produced by the threat of inflation deters. To-day money eau be borrowed in millions in New York at. the rato of 3 per cent, per annum “on call” and secured by abundant collateral; but. it will not be lent on time, or permanent ly invested, until the owners are assured it will be faithfully repaid undepreciated in value. That condition secured, and the loan is easy. Tn other days it was tho rigid and faithful performance of their contracts which gave to the banks of Charleston, South Carolina, Mobile, New Orleans, Savannah, and other cities of tho South, their enviable fame aud credit through s out the Union. Some of these institu tions never failed to redeem their notes on demand in gold and silver coin, eveu in the midst of general temporary sus pensions of specie payment— so rooted were they in stubborn, old-fashioned integrity. This was not only expedient, bnt it was right. It made loans easy to be obtained, because they were to be faithfully returned; and the rate of in terest was low, because the risk of lend ing was small. And wo must not for get that as factors in all these transac tions personal integrity and good faith were ever present—which were the con ditions of high mercantile standing in the cities I have named. Nowhere in the wide world of com merce was strict bnsiness integrity more rigidly insisted upon aud more honored than in tho cities of Charleston, Savan nah, Mobile and New Orleans, when the real man of the South had control of af fairs, and before the days of carpet bagging and military interference. The time has again come when the true men of the South should, as I be lieve they can and will, restore tho old regime of high personal character, and at once speak, plainly and sensibly as of yore, in favor of such a policy of admin istration as shall lead to the substitution of a souud currency, convertible at the will of the holder into gold or silver coin. Such apolioy announced by them will instantly girit. confidence to those who own capital, or who control capital and we should witness the quick reward of such proofs of wisdom aud sound policy in the abundant supply of money upon mortgage and other security, and the States of the South would become the theatre of the investment of capital, which now lies idle in the money centre for want of confidence alone. Recent legislation in the West, in Wisconsin, and other States, and the late declara tions in Ohio, have alarmed capital and will prevent its flow into theso quarters, where it has heretofore gone so freely, and will induce its reGall whenever prac ticable until the citizens of those States shall take steps to re assure their credi tors of their intent to give due protec tion by law to all investments. There fore it is that I see iu the present condi tion of affairs and of pnblio sentimeut the great opportunity for the restoration of the laws of sound finance, by return to the limitations of the Federal Consti tution upon the powers of Congress in relation to this most important subject. Ever since 1862 there hq.s existed a com bination between the Federal Adminis tration aud the money power of the country, unwholesome for both parties and unsafe for the country at large. It has its basis iu the system of Na tional Banks organized under act of Congress, and largely controlled by the Treasury Department, and subject to the will"of a Congressional majority, a copditjon of things never warranted by the letter and spirit of the Constitution, or the federal nature or our system of. government. Under it the banking busi ness of the entire country has been re stricted to one special kind of capital; i. e., the bonds of the United states Government, and the employment of all other descriptions of capital as a basis for banking has been rigidly excluded from competition. Credit has been re stricted to the single form of National Bank notes, and this has been unlaw fully and unwisely taken from the States and the people, where it admittedly be longed under the usage of our Govern ment from its foundation, and deposited under the sole and despotic control of Congress, Tips was all accomplished by the passage of an act of Congress, which, under the pretext of taxing the State Banking Institutions for the pur pose of revenue, crushed their circula tion out of existence. So long as this lasts, and Congress is invested with the power and soje discretion to determine and control the volume of cnrrency—the extent of emissions of paper currency for all the States and people—just so long uncertainty and dissatisfaction will prevail, and the sound and true princi ples of banking and credit will be disre garded. The ebb and flow of party power j changes Congressional majorities from j year to year, and I can imagine no body ; of men" so unfit to exercise so great a power and peculiar discretion as the accidental majority of Congress. Such a power has never been exercised in Great Britain. Even there under their imperial system, and all the political omnipotence of Parliament, such folly as confining the banking business of the country to a single species of capi-. tal, or preventing any banker or bank- j ing association from using his or their credit by the emission of notes in any ; form they saw fit, has never been at- j tempted or suggested. Therefore we j see the numerous banks of Scotland, ; and Ireland, and England, “eonntry banks” they are called, pursuing a safe, useful and profitable business, supply ing currency notes to their customers, and regulatingthe volume of such issues ; under such limitations as self-preserva- i tiou, and the laws compelling redemp tion of their notes on demand in gold and silver coin, make it necessary. The notes of the Scotch and Irish banks float side by side with the notes of the Bank of England and the coined money of the realm, in all avennes of business. They are not and never were a legal tender, Lui: cpi;vertible at will into coin, they became practically equivalent. The combination between the money- j ed power of the country and Congress J gives to the former a degree of influence j over legislation which is inconsistent j ■with ti. 6 cqblip interest and hostile to j popular freedom, and fhe same time j capital is subjected to the ignorant or j capricious control of Congressional leg- ; islation, rendering its operations inse- j cure and unstable. Is it not manifest. that there is now a favorable opportu- j nity for the tiouthern States to assist in ; aiding the country to return to systems j of sound finance and currency under I the limitations imposed by the Federal Constitution over the power of Congress over this important subject. The cry of Kelley, Butler, Wendell Phillips, and (aiß3 !) here and there a Democrat, is against “money rings,” “bloated Bondholders,” ■‘coupon clip pers,” etc., etc., and passing by for a moment the infamous nature of 9unh appeals, such outrages upon the “law of the land,” which is for the rich as well as the poor, does not avmoment’s reflection make it manifest that all the prolitsof fluctuation inonr paper money of credit—those changes in its value which are going on day by day andhppj; by tifiqiy afij at the oost of the labor er and consumer, and benefit, the very classes against whom Kelley A 00; seek to excite popular and ignorant prejudice. The moneyed class have it always in their power—by the purohase pr sale of gold—to raise or lower the Value of the paper dollar; and when Kelley and Btler insist upon ooutumadco of the system of irredeemable paper money, they flay directly intotSe hands of the very classes' they affect to assail, and perpetuate in their hands a control oyer the ourrenoy dangerous to the welfare of thp laboring and producing classes. It is the mail whose daily toil supplies that day’s needs, the man whoso reli ance is upon steady industry, to'whom the fluctuation in the value of the cur ceucy in whioh he is paid, are go full of distress and loss.' That whioh depletes liim fills the pockets of the speculative class. How wise and eloquent 1 hro the words of Webstar: “Of ail contri vances fyr cheating the laboring classes of mankind, none has been more effec tual-thirti that Which delndes’them with paper inoney. ” This is -the most effect ual of. inventions ito fertilize the rich man’s hold with the.sweat of the poor man’s brow. Ordinary tyranny, oppres sion,’ excessive taxation—these bear lightly on the most of the community, •compared with the robberies- committed by a depreciated paper money, I the welfare of all our people is bound up in a proper settlement of this. CTeat question, and especially the Southern people; to wh6m relief from the present unfriendly administration at. is continually grow ing upon them, and the very existence of States, is imme diately atad vitally important. Finance has its laws,, and the business of the commercial world moulds these laws, and the nation that; refuses to conform to them must suffer just in proportion to the extent of such refusal. The cur rency of a oountry is the basis of its business, and if it consists of a money without intrinsic vajue—a money based upon credit only—and inconvertible and irredeemable fit any time, it. will have no value whatever outside the jurisdiction of the Government by whom it is issued, and is totally use less to the market of the world. There fore, being inferior in value to tho money of the world, it will always de preciate, and being depreciated it will drive out of circulation all other cur rency of superior value, for the ob vious reason that no one will givo in ex change a thing of greater value if lie can obtain that which ho needs for something of less value, and thus the currency of superior value will disap pear and find its way into places where it cati be used as money and without loss. The law of supply and demand will control, and gold, like Water, find its level. To invest a paper currency with the attrinute of being a legal tender for all debts is but to increase and intensify its powers for mischief, and does not, and never did in all his tory, permanently prevent its deprecia tion. Tho power of legal tender annex ed to tho note only assists, the more hopelessly, to unsettle values: and demoralize nil dealings between man and map. If our people will but read the history of this subject—in all countries—reflect upon it, and examine it by the light of experience, I feel confident, they will willingly accept the councils of Wash ington, Jefferson, Hamilton, Madison, Jackson, Webster and Calhoun, and re ject the modern lights afforded by Kel ley and Butler ami Wendell Phillips. A restoration of confidence will “inflate,” in a wholesome way, because it will en courage timid capital to come out of its hiding places, and embark in enterprises which will give employment to laborand increase production. Should such out lays become excessive and degenerate into speculative schemes they will grow and burst; then “panics” wilt come, and tln-n Vcontraction” follows the with drawal of capital. Every era of reckless speculation is followed by a, season of timorous distrust—such as now exists. Witness the wild embarkation of capital upon vast and premature enterprises, such as the Northern Pacific Railroad, in the construction of which tens of mil lions of dollars wero buried, for this generation at least. The victims of this speculation are to be numbered by thousands, nd l have now before mo a glowing oration, by tho Hon. W. D. Kelley, M. .0., delivered in Philadelphia in June, 1871, inviting everybody to put their money into this “magnifioent un dertaking.” His promises and pictures of profit and prosperity were as abund ant and confident as those with which lie now seeks to allure the people of the United States into his patent “green back bonding scheme.” And the misery his oratory assisted them to produce would be terribly repente l should he again succeed in misleading his country men., The wreck of railroad property which we see all over the land makes capital necessary to set them again in operation, and capital in Europe, and in this coun try only awaits the signal of confidence. Whenever we make it safe, to invest, the money will quickly seek investment. But the main source of confidence in a man or in a people is not so much in their, means of payment as in the. honest will to pay. Herein is my reliance upon tho ultimate prosperity of the country. The impulsive people of the Southern Strtes may have crude ideas of finance—may be befogged by soph isms, and misled by hazy theories in re gard to “the dismal science,” but I rely upon their sense of good faith and duty of standing by their plighted word. My trust is in these homebred native qualities/ and when at the close of the late dreadful struggle they re entered the Uniou and became its citizens in name, they did so under the honorable pledge of fidelity to the Government. Believing this, and trust ing them because I love them with a love “that casteth out fear,” I would, from the day of their re-entry into citizen ship of the Union, have delegated to them their lull share of political power, coupling with it a moral responsibility for the public welfare. For if the men of the South lack honor and truth whore shall we look for them? If they lack truth aufl bonoy, may Ileayen have mercy upon them and us! For we have compelled them to a uuiou that must prove fatal. No, my friend ; in those years of mis guided “ reconstruction*” I have stead ily vouched for the good faith of the people of the South, and asked only that they should be permitted to get upon their feet, to resume their place in the Union—to speak freely with tlieir own voice, and through their own represen tatives. And every pledge I made for them they have kept, and every promise I made has been fulfilled jnst in pro portion to the relaxation of the grasp of military power from their throats and the withdrawal of inimical interference with their local affairs. Wherever they have been allowed to rehabilitate their States and save themselves from negro domination, from Virginia to Texas, they have justified the expectations of , their friends aud overwhelmed with con fnsion the prophecies of their foes. Public opinion in the North lias at last recognized this truth and compelled Williams to depart from the Department i of Justice (?) branded as a malicious | slanderer, and taught even Morton that j his “bloody shirt” may prove to him a j shirt of Nessns. And now J. appeal to every man among you—and to none so confidently and di rectly as to those who risked their lives in battle for the independence of the Southern States from this Government —crown your pledge of citizenship with anew proof of fealty—put under foot the dangerous methods of assault upon the credit and prosperity of our common country which are coutained, intention ally or ignorantly, but always certainly, in measures which involve a violation of the recognized laws of finance which the commercial world adopts for its govern ment. Eschew the plans and schemes of Kelley, Butler and Phillips, and stand by and insist upon a restoration of the standard of value in our dealings as the basis of our eurrency, State or Federal, public or private, according to the pow ers delegated to Congress under the Constitution of our fathers. I do not say a day can at once be fixed, upon which the Csited States Treasury can announce its ability to pay all outstand ing demand notes in coin—but a system can be inaugurated looking directly to that result which will make resumption an early possibility. . A man cannot 1 be sure he will he in health on a given day next year, hut he can live according to the laws of health and the result will naturally follow. Let us have good will and mutnal kindness restored between the sections— ungener ous suspicions banished, and trust in each other .restored among owe country men. An administration at Washington friendly to the South as well as to the other sections of the country, a sound economy in raising and expending pub lic revenue. IJouesty, old fashioned and precise in administration, and a de clared polity of restoring a specie basis for the money of our people, and we may then look for a tide to set in, bear ing confidence upon its bosom—“con traction” will become “expansion,” and prosperity will smile again upon us and onr children’s children in a union of co equal States. Sincerely your friend, T. F. BayaSd. TUB XLIVt’U CONGRESS. Preparations for Its Meeting—TlinOffi cero of the House. The Forty-Fourth Congress. Washington, November 6.— The Sen ate and House halls and the adjacent offices are being placed in complete or der for tne coming Congress, which . meets some four weeks Unufennw, Mon day, November tl. The President’s, Vice-President’s and* Speaker’s rooms are receiving unusual adornment, that they may be not onrly attractive to the officials who occupy thorn but to the thousands who are expected to visit them trie corning season. Tjie.House hall is receiving 4 nfcw'eai'pet of Ameri can manufacture, which is quite iu keep-' iug with the-'cheap aud fragilbhdesks wlrich were imposed upon the members of the Forty-third Cougroqs. The in terest in the new Congress, of course, centres in' tho organization of tile House of Representatives. , The Senate, as a co-ordinate hi'auelrpf the Executive,De partment of tue Government, is a per petual body, and therefore always or ganized. The ohe-third Of new Senators wlrgr are elected every other year took their seats at extra session convened dust March lor rtxeotitiye business, and the vacancy Sjriee* caused by tho death of Senator Andrew tfOtmthii has heett fllfed by- Judge Key; of- Tennessee. When his credentials are presented and he thkes thq oath, thp ganate wiljt, ;be full with the exception of the long pending and interminable Lohislana vacancy. Politically, the Senate foT the Forty .foqxth Congress will consistol' licans, 48; Democrats, 28 •* Independ ents, 2. Senator Booth, of California, will probably act with tho Democrats, whioh will give! them 29 and leave the Republicans a majority of 13. The Democratic House. . -JL. will be eighteen years the 7tli of December since Speaker has been elected by the House of Repre sentatives. Iu that interval the Repub lican party has controlled too House for nine consecutive Congresses. At the beginning of tho Thirty-fifth Congress James L. Orr, of South Carolina (who lately died, us Minister to Russia), was elected as a Democratic Speaker and served from December 7, 1857, to March 4, 1859. He was succeeded by William Pennington, of New Jersey, who was elected Speaker, as a compromise Re publican; after a protracted balloting, and exciting contest of nearly eight weeks, ou February 1, 1860. Then came the Thirty-seventh or /war Congress of 1861, which met ou the sth of July, and elected Galushii A. Grow, of Pennsyl vania. Schuyler Colfax, of Indiana, succeeded him for the Thirty-eighth, Thirty-ninth and Fortieth Congresses, and James G. Blaine, of Maine, in turn succeeded Mr. Colfax for the Forty-first, Forty-second and Forty-third Con gresses.' Mr. Blaine, therefore, has the honor of giving way for a Democratic Speaker. The next Ilonso is over whelmingly Democratic. Of the 292 mem tiers, the Democrats have 178, the Republicans 108, the Independents 6. This largo majority affects the specula tions, now very remotely', if ever, in dulged, of combinations for the elec tion of any officers of the House but those of straight out Democrats; and this brings onp directly to the daily in quiry, Why Will bo Speaker? The candidates who have thus far been spoken of are for tho most part so well known in their party and to the country that naught but. the mention of their names need be- made here. Messrs. Kerr, of Indiana; Randall, of Pennsyl vania; Cox aud Wood, of New York; Sayler, of Ohio; Holman, ol’ Indiana, aud Lamar, of Mississippi, were mem bers of preceding Congresses. General Payne, of Ohio, and Gilbert C. Walker, of Virginia, are new members. What tho newspapers have represented to lie a very active canvass was made early in favor of Mr. Randall, but this appears to hake, been- so persistent? jiiSppSd direc tions as to have produced already a re actionary effect, ami that, gentleman is now merely among the entries in the race. Sqme of air. Randall’s. ..votes, coupled with the support h.e is rycoiviyig from Republican politicians (who are naturally attracted to him tin are his co workers in tho Democratic party by his popular personal qualities), are not cal culated to strengthen his prospects as the day of election approaches. The strength of-'aSI- the candidates, however, is rapidly developing strength through out the party and tire country, and by the first week in December .figures alffije may be brought into requisition for the first time to sho'tv who is ahead. Those Democratic members who Wave Visited here express their desire to vote for a candidate whose record as a Democrat is free from local mid “entangling al liances,” and who will reflect the highest honor and credit ou his party and the country. ’ The Clerk of (lie House. Next to tlic Speaker the l-Jerk is the most important, officer of the House. This position lias been most creditably held for fourteen consecutive rears by Edward McPherson, of Pennsylvania, who had formerly represented the Get tysburg District iu Congress. The duties, of the Clerk as defined by law are im portant, from the fact that at. the outset he controls in one at use tho organiza tion of the House. “Before the first meeting of each Congress” the law re quires “tho Cierk of the next preooding House to make a roll of the Representa tives elect, aud place thoroon tho names of those persons, and of such persons only whose credentials show that they were regularly elected in accordance with the laws of their .States respectively and of the United States.” This extraordi nary power iu cases of close party divis ion aud contests of election gives the Clerk the absolute control of the organi zation of tho House. He alone decides the prirna facie, claim of a member to his seat, and in cases where both parties, are nearly equal, and whore each con testing member holds His credentials, (the Governor of some of the states.hav ing in contested cases frequently given both members a certificate 1 of election) there is no appeal from tho decision of the Clerk as to who has the right, prirna facie, to the seat. This law was passed in 1867, when the Republican party had so much fear of President Johnson that they were determined, in an emer gency, to retain tho organization of the House. In case of the death of the Clerk during the reoess, his duties are devolved upon the Sergeaufc-at Arms or Doorkeeper of the preceding House. The salary of the Clerk is $5,000 per annum, to which may bo added about §I,OOO in the way of per quisites. He gives bon'd# for $20,0,00 for his disbursement of the contingent fund of the Houso. Including clerks and messengers, the Clerk has some seventy appointments to make, with salaries for tho clerks rringing from §1,200 to §B,OOO per annum. There are numerous applicants for every position within the gift of the Clerk, and these, as in the cases of the other officers, will possibly be quadrupled ere the meeting of Congress. The Candidates for the Clerkship Of the candidates for Clerk of the Honse Stevenson Archer, of Maryland, and George M. Adams, of Kentucky, are among those who were first named. Both are ex-members ot Congress. Mr. Adams has made a very active canvass among the re-elected members of the last House and i:vconfident of success. Richard Vans, of Pennsylvania; Mr. A. 1). Banks, of Mississippi; Mr. Bhocber, of North Carolina, a member of the Forty-second Congress; George C. Wed- ! debnrtJ, of Virginia Governor It. W. I Mitchell, of Ohio; !>. M. Hit Bose, of: Georgia, a member also of tho Forty second Congress; T. T. Crittenden, of Missouri, and Ctiaa. A. Ehlredge, of Wisconsin, members of the Forty-third Congress, and others are candidates and have from their own sections such a de cided following and strength as to plain ly show an absence of any concentration upon any one upon tho first ballot in the Democratic caucus. It is very evident, however, if one is to be held," the opin ion of members and politicians gsnend ly is that the geographical question must have much to do with tho selection of a Clerk. It is probable that the second office in the Honse will be con ceded, by common consent of both the East and the West, to the South, which advances no claims to the first position. The bare election of a Speaker may up set the calculations of at least a dozen candidatesfor the Clerkship, and though most of the gentlemen named for the : Speakership would not enter into any bargaining between candidates for va rious offices, there is sure to be some ex changing of votes between, the lesser candidates before the caucus meets. The Sergeant-at-Arms, Doorkeeper and Postmaster. The salary of the Sergeaut-at-Arms is $4,200. It is expressly provided that he shall receive no fees for services render ed in summoning witnesses, Ac., as I formerly, when the income of the office i reaehedi SB,OOO or SIO,OOO a year. He ! has the appointment of two high-salaried t clerks and a messenger and the seleo- j tion of deputies on extraordinary occa- j sions. He is also required to keep agd pay the salary accounts of members on the certificates issued by the Speaker, and in cbnfhnction with the Sergeant at-Arms of the Senate has the appoint ment of the Capitol Police of about forty i members. Columbus Alexander, of this oity, is among the candidates for this office. The Douf keeper of the House has a larger p&triuage under his control than the SergesWt-at-Arms, though hie salary is but S3JOO a year while held by tfie present isfcumbent, and $3,000 a year f6r any tmuvis incumbent. The Door keeper ap r ,iat Y his assistant at a Balary of s2,soo*uperiutendents of the docu ment >nl folding rooms at the same salary, arm, including the pages, names about oiffl hundred other employees of the Horqp There are a half dozen can didates flntioned for this office, among whom arKTohn Dailey, of Oakland, Md.; Col. M.W. Kendig, of Washington; a Mr. TttJfar,'""o'f Warreuton, Va., and others. Hirer e are several candidates from thßouth whose names havpnot been mentioned as yet. \ COTTON REPORT. Monthly Return of the,(Savannah and Augusta Exchanges. The Committee on InformnPon'atid Statistics of the Savannah Cotton Ex- ChangeSiave submitted.the following re port fob the moutl) of October. The twenty bright counties in charge of tlm Augusfe Cotton Exchange of course can not foxu any part of the report; GeersJr— One Hundred aud Ten Re plitos from FUty-Fonr CouuUea. Fir# Q.uestierfc-*Wbat has been the chamber of the weather, since October Ist, and has it been more or less favora ble tiffin saihC time lait year for gather ing the crop? Answer-a-The weather lias been good, and as favorable as last gathering the crop. Second did you have killing’frost iu your section, and what damage, if any, has it done to the crop t Answer—Thera has been no killing frost except in a few localities, but a slight damage generally, ou or about October 18th, from a’ light frost. Third Question—What proportion of the crop ltas picked, and by what time do you think picking will be.finish ed in your county? Auswer-i—About two-thirds picked Out., Picking will finish in Georgia from 15th ' November to middle of Deoember, according to lo cality. Fourth Question —How will the yield in yoilr county compare with last year? state the probable increase or decrease. Answer—The reports from different sec tions vary vary much. The average de crease for the State will be over ten per cent, as compared with last year. Fifth Question —State any material fact regarding the yield not covered by the above questions. Answer—Tho plant is small, but generally was well fruited. The top crop only, ou low lands, is represented as coming up to •expectation. The plant has never re covered fully from the drouth in July. Sixth Question -What damage,if any, do you estimate is done by rust in your section? Answer —The clay lauds have generally escaped rust, lint the light sandy lands are reported as having been damaged therefrom over ten per cent. i .Florida 'l’hlrty-seveu Replies from Fifteen Counties. Question No. 1. The weather has been good, aud as favorable as last year. Quostion No 2—There has been no in jury from frost. Question No. 3—Three-fourths of the crop has been picked. Picking will he finished from middle to last of the liionth. Question No. 4—The yield will be less than last—probably fifteen per cent. Question No. s—The dry weather in July cut the early cotton off, and the second growth after the rains has been injured by caterpillar. Question No. 6—The damage from rust on light sandy lands is estimated at ten per cent. Crop Report of Augusta District, The following is the report of the Au gusta Exchange for October; The Augusta Exchange, ( Augusta, Ga., Nov. 10, 1875. ( To the President and Board of Direc tors of the, Augusta Exchange: Gentuemen—We respectfully submit the following report for the mouth of October as to tho prospects and condi tion of tho cotton crop in the district al lotted to this Exchange. Our report is based on sixty-one replies from twenty four counties. Average date of replies, 1 at. instant: Ist Question —What has been the Mluracter of tho weather since October Ist, and has it been more or less favor able than same time last year for gath ering the crop ? Answer—With the exception of some local rnius in the early part of October, the weather has been dry and very fa vorable for picking. The majority of our replies report the month as more fa vorable than in 1874. 2d Question —When did you have kill ing frost in your section, and what damage, if any, has it done to the crop? Answor—Killing frosts are reported on the 16th aud 17th of October. Late cotton is reported as damaged, though the injury is stated to have been in con siderable, the crop having matured rapidly previous to that date. The damage is certainly no greater than iu any average year. 3d Question —What proportion of the crop has been picked, and by what time do you think picking will be finished in your fiouuty ? Answor—About half of our corres pondents report two-thirds of tho crop as picket!, the balance, three-fourths, and a very few as much as seven-eights. The general opinion seems to be that picking will be completed between the 15th and 30th of November. 4th Question—How will the yield iu your county compare with last year? ritaAe probable increase or decrease. Answer—Twelve replies indicate a yield as large us last year; ten, from eight to twelve and a half per cent, leas; sixteen, from twenty to twouty fire per cent, loss; twenty, range from thirty to thirty-three per cent, less; and two, fifty per cent. less. The average points to a falling off from last year’s yield of from eighteen to twenty per cont. sth Question—State any material facts regarding the yield not coveted by the above questions. Some couuties are making a fuller crop thiul was expected a month ago. The damage by frost is very inconsid erable, probably not over two per cent., as it only killed the youngest bolls, without piercing such as were fairly groivn, and which it really helped to open. Besides, there was but little late cotton in this section subject to damage, moat of it having suffered severely from the drouth. There seems to be a gen eral unanimity of opinion that cotton does not yield as well as last year, re quiring more seed cotton to make a specified amount of lint. 6th Question —What damage, if any,* do you estimate was done by rust in your section ? Answer —The ilamago by rust has been very unequal in different localities. Our reports range from “very* little*’ to “twenty-five per cent, loss.” It is im possible to give an average. The princi pal damage was done by the drouth, and consequent shedding. Very respectfully, your obedient ser vants, L. L. Znfavsky, Chairman; J. J. Pearce, F. W. Reid, R. W. Heard, L. C. Nowell, A. M. BensOn, Wra. M. Read, Committee on Statistics and Informa tion. Northeast Georgia. —This section of the' Statp liayiug recently attracted a great deal of attention, we have thought tire following statement as to the elevation, above ocean level, of the several points of interest would be worth publication, as well as the reference had to the depth of the several magnificent falls : Feet. Tim bridge at Athens, above ocean level, is about 1,000 Onrrahee Mountain 1,920 Ciarkesvilie Court House. 1,928 Clayton, Rabnn county 2,858 Yonah Mountain .2,894 The Bock, inßabuu county 3,478 Tray Mountain 5,018 Tray Mountain is the highest point in Georgia, and is thought to be the lofti est of the Blue Bidge. The chasm of Talnla Falls (properly Talolee), at its deepest point, is 860 feet perpendicular; the Chattooga Falls, in Rabun county, are 80 feet down an inclined plain; Toc coa Fails are 185 feet perpendicular; Amiealolah Falls, in Lumpkin county, are a succession of falls, the highest be ing 60 feet in a distance of 400 yards. The whole fall is 400 feet. They are 17 miles west of Hablonega. Talnla, or Talolee, signifies grand, terrible, mag nificent ; Tuccoa, or Toccoa, means beautiful; Amicalolah is a compound of ami, water, and calolah, running or rolling. RBLIGIOUB. Mission Appropriations. Nkw Yobk, November 12.—The Board of Missions of the M. E. Church con tinned its session to-day, Bishop. Rimp sbn presiding. Among the appropria tions made were: Erie, $1,000; Florida, $3,800; Georgia, §7,500; Louisiana, 88,- 000; Mississippi, 87,000; North Caroli na, 87,000; Philadelphia, §4,000; Pitts burg, §1,200; South Carolina, §7,500. The Board of Missions made the fol lowing appropriations: Texas Confer ence, 85,500; Western Texas, 86,000; Virginia, 87,500; Washington, §3,500; Western Virginia, 84,5004. Wilmington, §3,000. A resolution was adopted re commending the removal of the seat of General Conference from St. Louis to Baltimore. FROM WASHINGTON. Personal, Official and Financial Items. Washington, November 12. The commission of Horace Welch, Postmas ter at Marshall, Texas, has been signed. SeVeral Treasury officials are sum moned to St. Louis to testify in the whisky fraud trials. Wilson continues to improve. Loans and discounts of the National Banks to the Ist of October amounted to over nine hundred and eighty mil lions. They held eight million specie and seventy-six and a half millions legal tenders. Among the liabilities are 604, 500,0Q0 to depositors; unpaid dividends, 4,000,000; other undivided profits, 53,- 000,000; the capital stock paid in is 504,750,000. Hiram Leffingwell is appointed Mar shall of the Eastern District of Missouri, which includes St. Louis. G. Wiley Wells, United States Dis trict Attorney for Northern Mississippi, is here to make his- report and resign. Two agents sent to Mississippi by the Department of Justice are preparing re ports. The change of the United States Mar shal for Missouri in the present stage of the whisky prosecutions excites sur prise. Melvin D. Peck is appointed chief clerk of the Patent Office. The Commissioners of the Land Office will recommend that all timbered lands belonging to the Government be ap praised and put on the market at the ap praised value. £f? * - The Speakership—Randall and Kerr— Kerr Is the Coming Man—The Demo cratic Victory in Wisconsin. (Special Correspondence Chronicle and Sentinel.] Washington, November 10, 1875. The question as to who will be the next Speaker is now the absorbing topic of conversation in political circles here. This and tho Sergeaut-at-Arms will af ford topics for politicians to discuss for several weeks hence, although it is gen erally conceded that Columbus Alexan der will walk over the course for the latter plaoe. The fact that Randall hails from the more than doubtful State of Pennsylvania, together with his having voted for the salary grab, places his stock at exceedingly low ebb. What militates against tho gentleman most is that he is receiving the warming advo cacy from the Republican and Chroni cle, of this city, whose antecedents as supporters of jobbery aud corruption are known from Maine to Florida. The election of Mr. Randall means immunity and protection to theShepherd-Babcock- Graut ring, who will meet iu him a “hail fellow well met.” The Star, of this city, tlins discourses upon au edi torial of the Baltimore Gazette, of to day : “ The Baltimore Gazette makes a savage raid upou the candidacy of Sam Randall for the Speakership, and charges that active trading is going on in Washington to secure his election, and that there is 1 imminent danger that the scheme will succeed.’ The Ga zette says that ‘ the plan to secure Mr. Randall’s election is to unite the infla tion members of the Democratic side of the House with the Republicans by divers pledges and assursnees, aud thus defeat a more uncompromising inde pendent Democrat for tho place. It is maintained that as an extreme proteo tionist Mr. Randall would throw the control of the important committees into the same power which now controls them under Mr. Blaine, and would thus aid the Republicans in carrying out their ruinous high tariff policy. Further more, it is more thau hinted that those Republican members with tarnished records, who fear the consequences of rigid investigations of sundry acts of legislative jobbery, for suspicious rea sons, are strongly in favor of Mr. Ran dall.” The coming man for the Speakership, in my opinion, is Kerr. His State is safe for the Democracy in the future, and he is especially free from all en tangling alliances. He never voted for the salary grab and refused to touch the unclean thing. Moreover, he is a Western man und will receive the vote of his seotion solid. In this contest Southern Representatives should not hesitate to. stand as a man by the West, for are not tlieir fortunes iudissolubly oonneeted ? Tho highest compliment that can be paid Kerr is to say that he is warmly opposed by the Shepherd-Grant “ring,” who see in his elevation the exposures of all those villainies whioh have made Radicalism a “curse aud a reproach” amongst the nations. The Democratic Clubs of Wushiugton are to-night cele brating the Democratic victory in Wis consin, and on next Friday night they will serenade ex-Governor Walker, of Virginia, and Messrs. Kerr and Kelley, of Oregon, and other prominent mem bers of the next Congress. Bunn Run. Treasurer New—The Finances. Washington, November 13, It is con fidently stated that Treasurer New will resign in January on account of private business. The Treasury now holds $366,150,812 in bonds to secure the natioual bank cir culation and $18,724,500 to secure pub lic deposits. The national bank circula tion outstanding i55345,602,278, of which amount $2,220,000 are notes issued to gold banks. Revenue to-day, $379,837; for the month to date, $4,535,142; for the fiscal year to date, $42,650,665. Cus toms to-day, $455,066; for the month to date, $5,176,652; fiscal year to date, $61,193,767. National bank notes re ceived for redemption to-day, $510,100; total for the week, $3,053,663. Capture of An Auukoed Ku-Klux.— The Savannah News, of yesterday, says: Yesterday morning Mulkey Godby, a resident of Burke county, living in the vicinity of No. 9J Central Railroad, was brought to the oity in the custody of George 8. Barthelruess, acting as Depu ty United States Marshal, and turned over to the United States authorities.— He was committed to jail, in default of $2,000 bond, by Judge Erskine to await trial at the present term of the Court, on the charge of “resisting United offioers.” The particulars of this affair are as follows; Some time in 1872 a negro in Burko county was alleged to have been killed by a party of disguised men, several of whom, Godby of the number, were recognized. Warrants were issued against them under tho Enforcement act, and Godby and a man named! Blocker were arrested. On the way here Godby escaped, aud has until Tuesday managed to keep out of reach. Blocker was brought to Savannah, and, owing to the disappearance of certain witnesses alleged to be important to the prosecution, the grand jury failed to find a true bill against him, and he was discharged. Various efforts were made to capture Godby, but he was too sharp for the United States depu ties, although continuing to live iu the county and follow his regular pursuits. We understand he is Justice of the Peaoe in his district. Several months sinoe one of the deputy marshals came up on him; but Godby, who was well provided with arms, pleasantly in timated to the deputy that he had bet ter keep his distance, which the deputy very wisely did, and returned to Savan nah without his bird. If we are not mistaken, a squad of soldiers were dis patched on the same errand, but failed to accomplish the object of their mis sion, and Mr. Godby continued to prance eround bis own vine and fig tree, “in maiden meditation fancy free,” so to speak. Finding that it was impossible to oap ture Mr. Godby in the regnlar way, Marshal Smyth decided to resort to strategem, and accordingly secured the services of Mr. Bartbelmess, who was unknown in that seotion, and hence suc ceeded in “trapping his bird.” Mr. Godby is described as a man of commanding physique, with an immeese head of auburn hair, which shades his shoulders to the length of several inches, in ringlets. The prosecution in the en forcement case proving fruitless, he will now be tried upon the charge of resist ing arrest and bidding defiance to the United States officers, the penalty of which, upon conviction, is one year in the penitentiary and a fine of §3OO. Nearly all the horses in Columbus have the epizootic in a mild form. We see in the papers that the speediest way to cure the epizootic and make a horse thoroughly happy is to give him onions. In proof thereof, a Portsmouth horse is mentioned which had a severe attack of the disease and his owner placed a half dozen onions in the trough witirhis regular food. The horse tackled three of the onions immediately, and by the time he had swallowed them began to congh, sneeze and prance about, ap pearing quite indignant and refusing to touch the remaining onions. For full five minntes this continued, and there was a cured horse. He has not had a cough, sneeze or any symptom of the epizootic, but he did have the courage to eat the onions remaining in tne trough the*next day after the cure. Postax. Matters. —A letter addressed to a person, care of a hotel, and deliver ed in accordance with the address, can not be remailed except it be prepaid anew, at the rate of three cents for each half ounce or fraction thereof. Post masters are not required to redeem or accept in payment of post office dues, money orders, stamps, or stamped en velopes, any onrrency which may be so mutilated as to be uncurrent. Express companies cannot lawfully carry and de liver letters, except they be enclosed in Government stamped envelopes.
