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VOLUME 11.
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Official Organ of the Patrons of Husbandry.
Georgia Farm Notes.
—“ J. E. 8., ”of Point Peter, in a commu
nscation to the Oglethorpe Echo, gives the fol
lowing results of the cultivation of a ter.-icre
farm, in Madison county, managed by F- G.
Glenn, of Oglethorpe county ;
These ten acres are all upland, and some of
them would not produce one hundred pounds
ofseed cotton per acre last year. He only work
ed ten days in the crop himself, having a store
to look after —hired balance of labor. His ex
penses, including ten days’ work, rent, guano,
tools, horse feed, packing, ginning, etc., was
SIBO 35. This amount he paid with his ma
chine, making garments for the freedmen dur
ing his leisure moments from the store. Now
for the results: Twelve barrels of good corn,
worth sixty dollars; fodder and shucks, ten
dollars ; eleven heavy bales of cotton, worth
five hundred and fifty-five dollars. Seed pays
for ginning, bagging and ties. The above are
the actual figures, not guessed at.
Madison comity land,
Oglethorpe county man.
Who can beat it in either county ? Mr.
Glenn has bought land in Clarke county, and,
I am sorry to say, will leave us next year.
—The Rome Courier says it has informa
tion that a large and increased area of wheat is
being sown in this section of Georgia. This
work is also being accomplished with a great
deal of pains in the preparation of the land.
We are glad to make this statement. It is
certainly time that our farmers should be con
vinced of the importance of making thiir own
provision supplies at home.
—The Darien Timber Gazette says :
Mr. James Walker recently gathered a bunch
of bananas, which grew on his place, that con
tained fifty-two bananas which will compare
favorably with those grown farther south, in
both size and quality. Mr. W. W. Churchill
has several lemon trees in his yard that con
tain fruit fully matured, and in addition to
this, many of our citizens have < range trees
that do remarkably well. This shows conclu
sively that tropical fruits can be be raised suc
cessfully in Darien.
—From the Eatonton Jfc.wnper we learn that
Mr. W. J. Martin, a hard working and horn
est man, living in the western portion of Put
nam, made this year on fifteen acres of land
fourteen bales of cotton, besides corn, wheat,
potatoes, etc., on other lands. Also, that Col.
J. R. Hudson, one of the most thorough-going
and energetic planters in the county, has made
with the ploughing of three mules nearly six
ty bales of cotton, besides corn sufficient to do.
When this can be done in poor old Putnam,
what's the use to seek a better place ?
—The Wilkinson Appeal says:
A friend has criticised the statement of Dr.
T. P. Janes, Agricultural Commissioner, that
2,000,000 of sheep is worth $4,000,000 annu
ally as fertilizers ot our land. The argument
is this, that a sheep does not give back to the
land any more than he takes from it, and that
the chemical element imparted to the food in
process of digestion is not sufficient to produce
thia profit. Inclose a sheep in an acre lot,
let him get his entire living there, and he
will not give back to the land but little more
than he takes from it.
— •
A book on the game of chess, printed in
1174, may be regarded as the first production
of the English press, though the first book
printed in the English tongue was the “ Rceu
yell of the History of Troy," printed at Cologne
September 19, 1471. The first press in Ameri
ca was established in Mexico, about 1040. lhe
first press in North America was at lam
bridge, Mass., about 1638. The first newspa
per in the United States was the Borfen Aetr.-
Letter, 1704.
- •>-
The Messrs. Flvnt, of Monroe county,
have offered a reward of S3OO for the capture
of J. .1. Butler who murdered Mr. I rank
Flynt in tktolvr last. This, with the reward
offered by the <- v. rnor. makes a sum ol SSOO.
which will be paid for the capture ot the mur
derer.
For the Georgia Grange.]
Fruit Raising in Georgia,
There are some very striking incon
sistencies in men, when we reincinU.r
our self-love and self-interest and
contrast these with the care wo take of
ourselves. This reflection always
comes to us when we look at the sta
tistics of fruit-growing in Georgia by
our rural population. The actual re
turns in this branch of our domestic
economy, prove that not one-half of cur
farmers raise fruit enough for their
own use, and we more than suspect
that that half know very little of qual
ity or variety in what they do raise.
Is not this marvellous. What earthly
enjoyment of the palate can equal that
which is afforded by a first-class pear,
apple or peach ? In truth, the pleas
ure one experiences in the enjoyment
of first-rate fruit, is exalted to some
thing above, and far better than most
other gratifications of the gustatory
faculty. Then, let us look at the
profit. If our trees were never allow
ed to, overbear, and were made to de
velop fully each crop, by proper thin
ning, nothing offered in market is in
sured a quicker or more paying sale
than such fully perfected crops.
It is within our knowledge, that
“Duchesse” pears, raised not fifty
miles from Atlanta, realized as much
as eleven dollars a bushel in that city,
the present season. Single pears, of
this variety, brought as high as twen
ty-five cents. It is true, these noble
specimens were said to have been
brought from California, or it is likely
they would have been utterly disre
garded by a “discriminating public.”
Au acre of Shockley or Yates apple
trees, when at maturity, would no
doubt, of good crop years, be worth
from three to five hundred dollars.
But apart from the mere fact of profit,
the delight and advantage that an
abundance of luscious fruit, all the
year round, would afford to the farm
er’s own household would be of incal
culable good.
We will never be fully grown, in a
social point of view, until we avail our
selves of the humanizing influence
which always attend abounding sup
ply of things convenient and beautiful.
You cannot make the best examples
of men raised on bog and harmony
only. With a higher and wider range
of the better comforts of life, come in
a higher and better civilization and so
cial development.
We are most anxious to see on every
farm in Georgia, a first-rate orchard of
well-selected fruits. We advise
a few sorts of apples, pears and
peaches. Let these be selected in view
of the perfection tbvy attain, in each
particular locality, for much disap
pointment often results from a disre
gard of this dictate of common sense.
We would say, for most parts of our
State, take of apples the Red June
and Yellow Harvest for early crops ;
the Gravcnstein, Oconee Greening,
Shockley and Yates, for later sorts.
Pears might well be confined to
Bloodgood, Dtichisse, Bartlett, Law
rence and Winter Nellies. Peaches
are admirably represented in Hale’s
Early, Early Tillotson. May Beauty,
Susquehannah, Flewclleu, White Eng
lish and Baldwin late.
Os course, we could give a catalogue
of book size in names of varieties, and
good ones, but our aim is to popular
ize fruit-raising, and not to encourage
attempts inameteur diffusion of effort.
W e Fnoic that the sorts we are here
recommending to the friends and read
ers of The Grange, will amply reward
the most diligent care. We never were
more fully satisfied of any fact in rural
economy than this, that if one desires
to raise fruit for ma.-A-e.' that the ef
fort should assuredly be confined to a
limited—and very limited—number of
sorts.
This subject of fruit culture, is one
i of grave importance to our people, and
we shall retain to it again and again,
having in this article, barelv hi ted at it.
FRANKLIN PRINTING ATLANTA. GA.. DECEMBER 4. 1875.
THE NATIONAL GRANGE.
Annu i! Address of Worthy Master
D, W. Adam -. '
Delivered at the Ar.nurd Session c.’
the National Grange P. H.. in
Louisville, Ky., 'Nov. 17,
1875.
Patrons—Time flies ! One brush I
of bis wings, a deep wrinkle on the ]
brow, another thread of silver in the i
locks, and a year is gone to take its I
place in the great army of the past. ,
The grim, unerrin r archer has ,
spread his shafts, striking down alike 1
the high and low, and given their I
names and deeds to history.
Yet of the fraternal band which met
at Georgetown, at St. Louis, and
Charleston, not one has received the
deadly shaft, and w r e meet to-day with
unbroken and argmented ranks to la- I
bor in the glorious cause.
A few familiar and beloved faces j
we miss from their accustomed places, 1
having been delegated to other fields ,
of usefulness.
In theiy stead are new forms, 1
strange to our sight, but properly re
cognized as laborers in the same field,
and we cordially extend to them a fra
ternal welcome, and will hold them
with a Patron’s “grip.”
Not only are we pleased to note our
old ranks full, but delighted to extend
them, and incorporate in our fraternal
band, the Husbandman and Matron
who have cleared new fields and sown
seed on new ground. With one ac
cord, our voices greet the representa
tives of Delaw ire and Connecticut, our
hands grasp them, our hearts welcome
them.
By this advent of new members, will
be brought new ideas and fresh
thought, and in the work before us, we
expect of them the enthusiasm of re
cruits, combined with the steadiness of
veterans.
Since our last meeting, our Order
has added another year to its Eventful
existence. It has received the criti
cism alike of friend and foe. It lias
stood like a rock against the buffetings
of enemies, and is now looked upon,
more and more, as the bulwark of its
friends. It, to-day, is stronger in
members, more compact in organiza
tion, richer in experience, and lies
nearer our hearts than ever before.
Over two thousand subordinate Granges
have been organized, and two more
States have put on our armor, and ad
vanced to the front to do valiant bat
tle for the good cause.
In some localities, Granges have,
from various causes, languished and
I died.
Sometimes, the material of which
i they were composed, was too weak to
I live, and sometimes had, from ungeni-
I al occupations, no interest in common
< with our purposes.
Sometimes Granges were too close
together, and. like torest trees, planted
too thickly, the strong overshadowed
and smothered the weak. But. like
forests, this close planting forced the
survivors to a taller, straighter growth,
and their branches stretch out and
cover the whole ground. Some
Granges complain of a want of interest
among the members, ami a thin atten
dance of the meetings, while others,
and by far the larger portion, an
nounce a continued interest. In those
cases where a poor attendance is com
plained of, it is universally the case
that the office rs of the Grange do not
provide for interesting and instructive
exercises. It cannot be expected of
members to attend regularly, when
nothing of interest is transpiring, but,
I wherever officers make the meetings
1 attractive, the attendance is always
good. I beg leave to call, once m<?re,
the attention of the National Grange
1 to this most important matter of lay ii _
1 down some plan or plans, by means c.
which subordinate Granges may be
e labled to amuse and inst ruct mem-
Ueis, so as to make the me» tings full,
ami thus keep their present member
ship and largely increase it.
The work of the last year has been
done under the Constitution as amend
ed at St. Louis, and in the main, it
seems to be more satisfactory than be
fore, but, in a few points, experience
has shown us that some further change
is necessary, and further action to re
move ambiguities.
In this connection, permit me to call
your attention to the composition of
the State Grange.
Under the old Constitution, Masters
of subordinate Granges, and their
wives, who were matrons, were mem
bers, and Past Masters and their wives
were honorary members, eligible to of
fice, but not entitled to vote.
In many of the States, this made a
body too large to do business, and too
expensive for the means at the com
mand of the State Grange Treasury.
In changing the Constitution to its
present form the National Grange had,
mainly, in view, the reducing th? num
ber of paid voting members of the
State Grange, but inadvertently, the
la’Vjwas so worded as to cutoff all Past
Masters and wives from even honorary
membership, and, of course, from eligi
bility to office.
This appears to be a very unfortun
ate mistake, for it places many of our
best, most experienced, and faithful
members, where we cannot avail our
selves of their services. It is eminent
ly proper that when a person ceases to
be a Master of a subordinate Grango,
thenceforth he should have no vote in
a State Grange, yet it seems good poli
cy that the direct representative of the
subordinate Granges should be allowed
to retain official services of such Past
Masters as have proved able and true.
The last line of the same section is
such as to create doubt in the minds of
many members, and some have con
strued this to mean that any Master of
a subordinate Grange, or his wife, who
is not a delegate is not a member of the
State Grange in any sense, and, hence,
ineligible to office. This ambiguity
should be removed- by proper amend
ment.
In regard to district Granges, some
difference of interpretation has arisen
concerning the three-fourth degree
members, who may be elected to the
district Granges. Some States have
provided for the election of three mem
bers each quarter, and under such an
interpretation they may provide for the
election of members every week or day
in the year, thus absolutely endanger
ing the very existence of the subordi
nate Granges by swallowing them up
in the county Grange, and at the same
time making the county Grange so
| cumbersome as to be valueless and im
practical, like the State Grange under
the old law.
If the present wording of the law
really is capable of two interpretations,
, it should be at once shorn of all ambig
! uity.
There is one feature of our law which
lias caused much comment by the press
, and others, they claiming that all
1 fourth degree members should be eli
gible t<> all offices inState and National
Granges, thus carrying the presump
tion that all fourth degree members
are not thus eligible.
The fact is each member is
equally eligible, but our law very ju
diciously provides that before he can
hold any office in the State Grange he
must receive the highest possible in
dorsement from his own neighbors who
know him best, by being elected to the
highest office of his subordinate
Grange. This places it out of the pow
of a State Grange to elect to office in
the State Grange a plausible, good talk
er, who could not be elected Gate
keeper at home where he was better
known.
Our iaw also very properly provides
■ that l>efore any member can hold office
in the National Grange he must re
ceive the highest possible indorsement
from bis own State Grange, and thus
endorsed by his own State, and not till j
then, can the National Grange place !
him in a position of trust. It is a I
most judicious measure of safety, as it I
gives the State Grange in advance the
power to say which of their members
shall not hold office in the National
Grange. This provision is eminently
wise, cautious and conservative, and
will always secure men for office who
have experience, and have shown that
they possess the confidence of those who
know them best.
Some also claim that the higher de
grees should be accessible to all who
will pay a certain fee of membership,
thus selling for money to the rich what
is now reserved as a reward for long
service from rich and poor alike.
In obedience to a resolution of the
National Grange, the offices of the Or
der have been removed from Washing
ton and located in the city of Louis
ville.
The location may now be considered
permanent, for certainly it is appropri
ate that the headquarters of a great ag
ricultural organization should be loca
ted in the center of the great agricul
tural district of our country. Being
thus established, it seems to be emi
nently proper and wise that this great
Order should have a habitation as well
as a name.
The inquiry is often made of what use
is a great fund in the National Grange?
And there seems to be a sort of unde
finable dread lest some accident should
happen to our accumulated treasure.
I would, therefore, most heartily rec
commend that the sum now invested in
United States bonds be used for the
erection or purchase of such a building
in this city as shall be consistent with
the convenience and dignity of the
greatest secret society in the world.
It will thus form a center to which
all Patrons can look as the result of
their contributions, and be an example
of solid strength that State and subor
dinate Granges will do well to emulate.
Did the National and each State and
subordinate Grange now own and oc
cupy suitable buildings’t would, in it
self, be almost a sure guarantee of per
manence.
It shows wonderful vitality in our
Granges that so many have survived
and prospered without any fixed or suit
able habitation, but holding their
meetings in school-houses, or any oth
er building that might be temporarily
attainable.
I have yet to learn of the first failure
of a Grange w r hich owned and occupied
a convenient, comfortable and well-ap
pointed hall.
No subordinate Grange should be for
a moment satisfied with its situation un
til it owns a hall, fully furnished with all
the conveniences of a Grange room, in
i eluding musical instruments and a
I well selected library. Such Granges
never die, but, rooted in the affections
1 of their members, they will bestow rich
; blessings 4 on agriculture long after
1 their founders 1 ave crossed the dark
river.
The question of co-operation in
which our members have so deep an in
i terest, has received much and careful
! thought from the executive committee
of the National Grange, and they will
: have ready a report which is believed
‘ to embody the essence of what the
world has discovered of co-operative
; principles and practice, and they have
I endeavored to adapt it to our present
I wants. This will be submitted to you
i at an early day.
i Regarding transportation and a
' sound currency, our members are deep
;ly interested. My own views on these
J questions have been so fully given in
former messages I need not trouble
' you with their reiteration further than
to sav that the convictions before ex
! pressed are only deepened and strength
t ened by each passing year.
I The loan which the National Grange
NUMBER 31.
offered the State Granges has only been
called for by a minority of the States,
the balance having allowed it to remain
in our fiscal agency subject to their
call, thus showing an ability on the part
of most State Granges to carry on their
work on their regular revenue. That
the revenue of State Granges is ample
for all expenses is shown by the very
handsome balances in some of the State
treasuries after meeting all necessary
expenses. Indiana and Ohio are nota
ble examples of good financial manage
ment, both having pletoric treasuries,
the former, especially, containing over
$20,000. Such cases are cheering to
all good Patrons, and bright examples
of thrift and economy which public
bodies and private individuals should
emulate.
The few topics I have here touched
upon are but a little of what will de
mand your attention. Assembled as
we are from every portion of our great
republic, we necessarily represent every
phase of American agiiculture. It will
tax, to the utmost, your wisdom and
prudence to legislate that none be op
pressed or none wronged.
The relation of National, State and
subordinate Granges to each other is
one of the utmost delicacy, and should
so be handled that the utmost confi
dence and fraternal good feeling shall
be observed between them, for thus on
ly can our grand edifice maintain its
strength and symmetry.
The laws regulating their conduct
should be characterized by a spirit of
kindness and forbearance, and execu
ted with even-handed justice. Thus
shall we beget in all Patrons such an
affection for our Order that they will
rally around our altars and defend them
from every attack.
And now, Patrons, in addressing our
selves to the work before us, let us real
ize that we are the representatives of
the greatest secret society of the word,
and the greatest subordinate interest of
the nation.
Let us remember that the waif are of
millions may be affected by our slight
est deviation from the true path, and,
thus remembering, let our councils be
characterized by wisdom, calmness, and
justice, and may the work done here
make us stronger as an Order, more
prosperous as producers, dearer friends
and better citizens.
Black Tongue.
This disease is now quite prevalent among the
cattle, sheep and deer in many parts of Missouri,
and seems to be working South. When first
attacked the animal evinces a disposition to re
ject all food ; this is quickly followed by slob
bering, and the animal becomes stiff and
apparently unable to move without great exer
tion. Unless checked the disease is usually fa
tal in from three to ten days. A gentleman
writing to the Osceola (Mo.) Sentinel, claims to
have had much practical experience in the
treatment of cattle so afflicted, and reccom
mends that on an animal being taken sick, the
tongue and mouth be examined, and if a dark,
gangrenous streak is found in the mouth, and
the tongue, instead of having its characteristic
roughness, is slick and dry, it will be evidence
that the disease is “ black tongue. ” After
having ascertained these facts, then open the
jaws of the animal, and with a swab, made of
cloth, thoroughly cleanse the mouth and apply
pulverized quick lime. This lime acts as an
escharotic, and destroys the dead and unhealthy
tissues, and stimulates the part to take on a
healing action. The writer assures us that in
every case where this course has been carefully
pursued a permanent cure has been certain.
The Barnesville Gazette, of the 251 h inst,
says : “ Last Thursday night at Williamsville,
in this county, a very sad murder occurred.
The facts, as we are able to get them, are that a
Mr. Jno. Rogers and a Mr. Jas. W. Smith had
been drinking, and decided to test their power
at pulling scales, when a misunderstanding
occurred, words ensued, and Rogers stabbed
Smith, cutting his jugular vein. Smith turned
and pursued him a few steps and fell dead.
Rogers has not been seen in the neighborhood
since.” _
Mrs. Barbara Cauthorn, of Pike county,
. an invalid and for many years confined to her
I bed, disappeared recently, and though diligent
[ search was made for her, she has not yet been
1 found.
