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A WEEKLY JOURNAL DEVOTED TO POLITICS, AGRIGmTWIE, SCIENCE, LITERATURE, AND GENERAL INTELLIGENCE* VOL. 1. rjH g COVINGTON HERALD, IS PUBLISHED IN COVINGTON, {Newton Cmniy, Ga.) EVERY SATURDAY MORNING, BY WILLIAM B HARRISON, AT THREE DOLLARS PER ANNUM, IN ADVANCE, OB FOUR DOLLARS AT THE END OF THE YEAR. Advertisements are inserted at the usual rates ; when the number of insertions is not specified, they will be continued until order ed out, and charged accordingly. No subscription received for a less term than one year, unless the money is paid in ad vance ; and no paper will be discontinued un til all arrearages are u ; d, except at the option of the Publisher. Pe.sons request.ng a dis continuance of their Papers, are request* and to bear in mind, a settlement of their accounts Communi cations by mail must be tost UAID. Sisloa.of by administrators, Execu tors, and Guardians are required by law to be held on the first Tuesday in the month, between the hours of 10 and 3 o’clock, at the Court House in the County in which the property is situated. Notices of these s-ile imisthe given in a public gazette, 6ixty days previous to the sale. Sales of Negroes must be at public auc tion, on the first Tuesday of the month, he tween the usual hours of sale, a’ the place of public sales in the County where the letters Testamentary, of Administration or Gu r dianship, inny have been granted, first giving sixty days notice thereof in one of the public gazelles of this State and at the door of the Court House, where such sales are to be held. Notice of the Bale of Personal Property roii6t be given in like manner forty days be fore the sale. Notice to the Debtors and Creditors of an Estate must be published for forty days Notice that application will be mad” to the Court of Ordinary for leave to sell land, must be published four months. Notices for leave to sell negroes, must be published for four months, before any order absolute shall bo made thereupon by the Court. Notice tfa* application will bemadeto the Court of Ordinary for Letters of Administra tion, mast bo published ‘hfty days, and for Letters of Dismission, six months. (fsr All business of this kind will rereive prompt attention at the Covington Herald Office; where Subscriptions and Advorlise rne ts will be thankfully received. * *TKOSPECTUS OF THE COVINGTON HERALD; A Weekly Newspaper devoted In Politics, Agriculture, Science, Literature, and General Intelligence. fN presenting to the Public the Prospectu of anew Paper, we are not disposed to deviate from the usual course pur.-ued by those who solicit support in behalf of such an enterprise, and shall therefore g ve a brief outline of he course we design ‘o pursue in conducting our Paper. In a Govern ment like ours, where the people are the only sovere gns, and the whole supers ruc turo of our institutions is founded upon public opinion, it is of vital importance that the pub lic mind should be well informed and pro perly instructed, not only in morals and the aCs, but in the science of government, that the people may at all times he enabled to judge of “men and measures” accurately ; inasmuch as the perpetuity ofour inalitutions, and the preservation of the liberties of the people mainly depends upon their virtue, intelligence and patriotism, and he dissemina tion of sound plolitical knowledge among them. Holding the principles set forth in the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions of 1798 and ’99, as the fundamental docilities of our Government, and which were adopted by lhe Slate Rights Pan v of Georgia at their meet ing in Mille.-lgeville in 1839, as their creed, we shail suppor’ that Party, engaged as they are, “on the sde of Liberty,—the Consti tution, —Umon.”—But, whilst we thus ex press our decided preference for the doctrines held by the State Righ's Party, we will open our columns to tho-e w T ho and flier with us, as long as they keep aloof from scurrility, winch cannot, in any degree, he udmitted from either Par* } Located in a populous and agricultural section of the State, we shall en deavor, as far as possible, to render otir Pa per useful and interesting to the Merchant, Farmer and general reader. In fine, what ever will be productive of speedily rendering beneficial the va-ied natural advantages ofthe State, elevating the intellectual and moral condition of the people, and promoting the eocial enjoyment of the < ‘immunity in which we live, shall meet with our ardent and hum ble support. CONDITIONS: The Covington Herald will be publish ed evetv Saturday Mo n ng, at Three Dollars per annum, payable in advance, or Four Dollars if the payment is delayed until ihe expiraiion of the year. Advertisements will he conspicuously in serted at. the usual rates. All Communications by Mail, must be Post Paid, and if addressed to the undersigned, syill receive prompt attention. WM. B. HARRISON. Editors ofNewspapers in this Slate by giving the above a few insertion’, wi'l con fer a favor which will be reciprocated the first opportunity. Covington, (Newton County, Georgia,) August 1935. COVINGTON, {Neuton Count;,, Ga.,) SATURDAY MORNING, AUGUST 22, 1835. S THE NEW-YORKER. ON Saturday the 21st of March, will be issued the first number ofthe second volume of The New-Yorker : and the pub lishers trust that tins early announcement wel attract t Fie seasonable attention of all those who may choose to commence their subscrip tion at that time. The New-Yorker will continue to pre serve the general character which has thus far secured it the approval of a steady and rapidly increasing patronage, and a populuii tv commensurate with the sphere of its em ulation. The peculiarities of its plans were adopted after much refleciion ; and we have not learned that its prominent features have failed in a single point to receive the appro bation of its patrons and the public. The paper will continue to be arranged as fol lows : 1. Literary Department-— Embracing the whole outer form the paper, and presenting twelve ample columns of Reviews of New Publications, Original and Selected Tales, Esnays, X'oems, Anecdotes, &c. &c. The original contributions to tiiis department are regularly and promptly paid for; and in ad dition to the many writers who have favored us with articles during the past year, and whose essays will continue to enrich our columns, we have the promise of assistance from others whose names are already well known to their countrymen We do not parade these names, us in the fashion of some; but we confidently appeal to the ex perience ofthe past year as affording an ear. nest of our zealous, untiring, and we trust not altogether unsuccessful exertions to ren der the literary charactoi of the New Yorker interior to that of no journal of its class in this country, 11. Political Intelligence.— ln this de partment ale e does the New Yorker pres’ n’ an anomaly in the history of the newspaper press of the Union. Our plan embraces the collection of every important item of political intelligence—whatever be its character and bearing—in the language ot historical record, and with the strictest regard to ,he preserva. tion of an unquestioned neutralitj, between the contending parties, opinions and section al divis onsexisting in the country. The Ed itor refers with a proud satisfaction to the fact, that throughout the past year, he has presented a minute and circumstantial ac Count of the elections which has taken place in the several States, during the eminently ardent and excited canvass, without once in curring the censure or even the exception of any political journal. And, while he reserves to himself the right of commenting briefly but freely on the topics of ihe day, and of of fering such suggestions us the aspect o the times may seem to requ.re, yet he holds him self pledged that such rein rk shall hoc m terfero, in any material degree, with the views, the doctrines or the prospects of any political party. H” cherishes die confident expectation, that the fiies ofthe New Yorker will hereafter bi referred to for the tru.ti of any controverted statement regarding the re suits of exections, &c. &c. since its cstab lishmei t, with mutual deferences and with entire conviction of absolute certainty. 111. General Intelligence. —Consisting of Fo-eign and Do uestic News, LPerary Items, Statistics, Brief Notices ofthe Dramas &c. However it may bo the fortune of others to obtain the confidence and p itronage ofthe public, on the credit of prospective improve, meets and future excellence, the publishers are content to rest their claims to the public consideration distinctly on what they have always accomplished, and respectfully invite ihe patrons of American literature to exam me their journal and judge what it will be from what it is. Wlien it is considered that no periodical of like character !'or originality and variety of literary contents, comprehensiveness of plan, and the amount of matter weekly pre sented, has everbeen attempted in ibis coun try at a lees price than three to five dollars per annum, the publishers trust they will not he deemed presumptuous in expressing the hope that their journal will attract the atten tion, even if it should not secure the fa or, of the patrons of American literature. II GREELY& Cos. Offi e No 20 Nussau-st. New York, CONDITIONS. The New-Yorker will be published every Saturday morning on a large imperial sheet of the best quality, and afforded to patrons in this city or county at two dollars per annum payable in advance. The experience -of the past year admonishes us to regard the ad vance payment from distant subscribers as an indispensable condition When, from pecu liar circumstances, payment is delayed till the expiration oftho quarter, fifty cents will be added. Any person remitting ton dollars free of all charge to us, shall receive six cop es for one year, and in ‘ lie same proportion for a large number. Post Masters and oth ers are respectfully requested to interest them selves in our behalf, with the assurance that the best terms will ho afTorded them; Now York. January 1, 1835. Information Wanted- ANY information respecting a young man named JONATHAN P. 11. HUGHES, who resided in Augusta, Ga., several years ago; when last heard from, lived in or near Columbia, S. C-. will be thankfully received by the Editor ofthe “Covington Herald.” As it has been upwards of two years since any definite information has been received respecting him.fears are entertained by his re l itives, that he has either died, or gone to the West. If he is alive ho will hear of some thing to his advantage by applying as above, dug ) J roET’S comsrisr = ’ From the N. Y Mechanic's Magazine. THE MECHANISM OF MAN. “ I am Jearfulty and wonder/idly made.” Ps l cskxix, 14. Fund atheist! could a giddy dopce Os atoms blindly bulled, 1 Produce so regular, so fair, So harmonized a world ? Why do not Lyhia’s driving sands, The sport of “very slortn, A palace here, the child of chance, Or there a temple form ? Presumptuous wretch ! thys- if survey— That lesser fabric sctin ; Tell mo from whence the immortal dost, The God; the reptile man ! Where wast thou, when the embryo earth From chaos burst its way— When slars exulting sang the morn, And hailed the new-bjrn day 1 What fingers brace the tenter nerves, Tlie iwistin? fibres spin I Who clothes in flesh the hardening bone, And weavosthe silken skin? llow came the brain, and heating heart, Life’s more mmediate throne, (Where fatal every touch) to dwell Immailed in solid bone ? Who taught the wandering tides of blood To leave the vital Urn— Visit each limb in purple streams, And faithfully return ? llow know the nerves tn hear the will, Tbe heavy limbs to wield ? The longue ten thousand tastes discern, Ten thousand accents yield ) How know the lungs to heave and pant ? Or how the fringed lid To gu .rd the careful eye, or brush The sullied ball, unbid? The delicate and winding ear To image every sound— The eye to catch ttie pleasing view, And tell the senses round ! Who bids the babe, nov* latiujthcd in life, Tim milky draught arrest, And with its eager fingers press The nectar-streaming breast? Who, with a love too big for words, The mother’s bosom warms, Along the rugged paths of life, To benr it in her arms ? A God ! a God ! ereation shouts ; A God ! each insect cries ; He mould and in his palm the earth, And hung it in the skies TIIK~~ISSINARY HYMN. BY BISHOP IIEHER. From Greenland’s icy mountains, From India’s coral strand, Where Afric's sunnv foueiains, Roll down their golden sand ; From many an ancient river, From many a palmy plain, They call ua to deliver, Their land from error’s chain. What though the ppicy bronzes Blow soft o’er Ceylon's isle, Though cv’ry prospect pleases, And only man is vile. In vain with lavish kindness . Th” gifts of God are shown ; The heathen in his blinnnoss, Bows dowr. to wood and stone. Shall we whop# souls are lighted With wisdom from on high, Shall we to men benighted The lamp of life denv. Salvation ! oh salvation ! The joyful sound proclaim, Till each remotest nation Has learnt Messiah’s name. Waft, waft, ye winds, h>s story, And you, ye waters, roll ; Till like a s'-a of glory, It spreads from pole to pole ; Till o’er our ransoßioo nature, The Lamb fir sinners slam, Redeemer, King, Creator, In bliss returns to reign. From the Scientific Tracts. CATACOMBS. Tiic most ancient ca'acombs of which v/5 have any aceoun’ are tHose of the, Theban kings, which have been traced by historical writers during a period of three or four thou sand years. The Egyptians embalmed the bodies of the dead, and then deposited them in catacombs excavated in the earth. The whole chain of mountains in the vicinity of Thebes is pene rated, for almost three-fourth’ of their height, by numerous openings, lead ing to an immense labyrinth of catacombs. The sarcophagi were long since violated and the bodies of the kings carried away ; but their immense size has always attracted the admiration of travellers. One consists ofamassof granite sixteen feet long, six broad and eight high. The lid abo is a sin gle block of stone, hearing the effigy of a king- Mummies are still found in these Theban cat acombs, resting on beds entirely formed of small images of baked earth. They lie in regular order on the ground. Next to the Egyptian catacombs, the most extensive are those of ancient Rome, which are of great extent. It is supposed by some that they stretch several leagues from the city. Persons have been known to get lost in tbe hazardous attempt to penetrate and exploro these dark recesses without a guide. The catncombs of Rome are long and nar row galleries, sometimes crossing each other ni right angles, and sometimes passing off obliquely. Chambers often appear at each side, and a glimmering light is admitted by openings above, at intervals of about three hu tired yards, but the iljjyrior ts perfectly dark. The bodies are MjMprly arranged in tiers by one another, sides of the galleries. A writer who Has explored these ancient mansions of the dead observes, “The brick obstructing the aperture of a catacomb being removed, a body, apparently that of a young woman was discovered. Even nil her teeth were preserved in her jaws. Her bones were totally covered with stalactites, exhibit ing a most singular spectacle. Another tomb Was opened wherein a skeleton turned to. wards the east was seen. The hands were crossed on the breast, and but few teeth were in thej .tvs. It seemed to be that of an old man. The catacombs, besides tombs, contain ed ifices which were once churches. Burnt bones mixed with ashes are found in vases ; also V irions paintings in fresco, &c. Some of tlm Roman Emperors were deposited in the Vatican. The body of Honorius was dis covered there 1144 years after his denth, with many jewels and ornaments in his tomb, amounting to forty, pounds of solid gold. Tbe catacombs of-Syracuse still attract the attention and admiration of travellers. They are immense Bub’errnncous excavations of rock, originally hewn out, it is supposed, for the purpose of obtaining stones for building It is also believed (hat they were, at a very curly period, designed as places of sepulture for the dead ; and multitudes,both of pagans and Christians, have been buried in them Bigelow, in his travels, has given a Very in teresting description ofthetn. A small gothic churehstands overthe descent which leads to the catacombs. The avenues are narrow, and hardly of sufficient height toallowa per son to walk erect. Home of them are a mile in length, and as they proceed they arc con nee'ed with others, which branch off on both sides, or cross them at every point of the compass. At many places of intersection, chambers have been made, like squares in a city. The tombs occur atshort intervals, and lino all tho passages. Som” ofthetn contain twenty receptacles of human bodies. They, are arranged aide by side, in cavities carved with great regularity from a bed of rock The largest tombs are from ten to twelve yard* deep. The sepulchres of christ ans are easi- Sr distinguished by the emblem of a cross, a ove or a palm branch. Simotrccs a little colored phial is found, which is supposed to have contained tho blood, and to indicate tla grave of a martyr. The primitive Christians resorted to these retreats for security against persecution, and to perform their rites of wor ship. Syracuse was founded by a colony of Co rinthians, and subjected by the Romans 500 years after i's founding, and 212 years before Christ. During the time of its greatest pros pority, it embraced an area of twenty miles in circuit, and its population was estimtted at from six hundred thousand to one million. The catacombs of Civita Ve ‘chia, in Mal ta, have also been an object of great attraction forages. They are very extensive, irregular and intricate ; so much so that no one pre sumes to explore them throughout. The ti tie ofsubterranean city has been given to’ these caverns. The primitive Christians fled to them for refuge. Afterwards other sects sought them for the same purpose. The in habitants of Malta have in later times retired to ; hem for safety, during the invueions of G-oihe, Vandals, Moors and Turks. HYDRO-OXYGEN MICROSCOPE, Now Exhibiting at the American Museum. This instrument presents to our view a world of wonders, I's magnifying .powers arc astonishingly great. The spectators be ing introduced into a room adapted to tho ex hibition, the doors and windows are closed to exclude the solar light ; the microscope is ton opened and an intense light, formed by •he combustion of oxygen gas, irradiates the instrument and reflects upon a sheet of cau vbsb of 240 feet what we may truly call a new world. A single drop of water is mag nified 2,400,640 tones. In this ocean, for such it may be culled in comparison with the incomprehensible diminutive tfb''B of animal cule which te min myriads through it, we see var ous species of living creatures sofne apparently as large ns a dog. To give an ac curate description oftheir shape is a thing impossible. Some oftl.em appear with horns which they bend to every shape ; some seem to have but one leg and othe a s cm to have three, some have bodies somewhat of the shape of a tadpole ; others bear a distant re semblance to a porpnise ; some exhibit the shape of a catfish with the head of the grass hopper, others resemble nothing tinder the sun, but are wholly sue getter s. Th's drop, or microscopic ocean, extends its forests far and wide ; amongst their wide spreading branch’s, those tribes of odd, ties, arc seen gamboling, freaking, skipping, swimnvng. While one stands tip-toe on some lofty branch another is seen pouncing upon him from a bove, and coming in contact, they glance off, one this way,the oth t ‘hat. Theirhab its appear to be wholly different fVom what characterizes the animals of the visible crea tion. Tbev seem to tte entire strangers to I any social toolings ; each cine shuns the ap proach of another, and the si ghtest touch makes them spring and dart off, as if it were electric. The Hydrophi’us.or Water Devil, as Fie i9 called, is seen darting through the oceau de vouring all before him. The Skeleton Larvffi ofthe gnat is so pelln cid that iis whole intomnl structuro is quite visible. The motion of tbe heart and lungs, and the circulation ofthe blood are distinctly seen, together with the muscles, which are lhe organs of its wonderfully rapid and pecu liar motion. The point of the finest needle looks likfc the end of a club, while the sting of the bcA slopes off into imperceptrbility. Who can view this astonishing display of tlie Divine power without being transported with wonder, love and praise ! All nature teems with God—if we extend our view to the starry regions that are above us, the mind is lost in wonder there. Thesnn, which appears, owing to to the immense nihtanco ui winch he teplaoed, but as a small object, is, however, one million three hundred l housand times larger than tho earth. Great os is its magnitude, its loss would be as little no'iccd by an intelligence that could grasp the w hole creation, ns tho 1 ss of a drop of water from the ocean coal'd be noticed by our eye. Between the two extremes stands man, with all the self-importance of monarch of this sublunary world. On viewing these micros copic myriads, imperceptible to the naked eye, this thought suggests itself to IhomimJa— “lf there were sensitive beings created by God, whose bodies bore the same relation of magnitude in regard to us, as our bodies bear with respect to the animalcule which wo have just described, man, then, in comparison to those beings, wohld dwindle into atiimnl eular,- unnoticed, and unsoen. Myriads of then, might be inhaled into tho vortex of bm capacious lungs, unseen, unfelt and unktiowir to him. How humiliating is the thought Land yet how true the possibility ! If so diminutive are we, if so much more insignificant thau ihe atoms that float a'ongtlie air, when com pared to a mere creature, however bulkier his bodv in regard to ours, what must we appear m that capacious eye oil whoso bright opt c all creation is less than the point of the sting of a bee, less than nnperceptibility itself? MARRIAGE. Marriage is to a woman nt once thelAppi est and saddest event of her life; it is the promise of future bliss, raised on the death tff nil her present enjoyment. She quits her borne—her parents—dier companions—her occupations—her amusements—every thing on which she hashiihe.to depended for com fort— for aifect>on for kindness—foi fde'a sure. Th” parent by whose advice she hais been guided—the sister to whom sFt< had dared to impart that every embryo thought and feeling—the brotficr who had played with her, by turns the counsellor and tlie counselled—and tho younger children, to whom she lies hitherto been the mother and the playmate—all are to bo forsaken at ons fell stroke—every former tie is loosened— spring of every action is to be changed ; yet site flies with joy in the untrodden path before lie*; buoyed by the confidence of re quited love, she bids a fond nr,d grateful adieu to the Itfo that is past, arj turns with excited hopes and joyous a o.Lc! pattnu ofthe happiness to come. I l>n vvo to the man that can blight Curb fair hopes—w ho can treacherous lv Ime such a heart from its peaceful enjoy ment, and tho watchful proteclttin of home who can, cowan! Ike, break ttie illusions that hnvo won her and destroy, the confidence which love had inspired. Wo to him who has too early withdrawn the tender plant from the props and stays of riioral discipline in which she Fiad been nurtured, and yet make no effort to supply their places ; for on him res's ihe responsibilities of her errors— on him who has first taughl Iter, by his exam pi'’ to grow car’ Ifess of her duty, and then ex pose her with weakened spirit, and unsatis fied heart, to the wide storms and the wily temptations of a sinffil world. The following is,the amendment ofthe ap-- propriaiion bill voted at ihe last session of Congress, by ihe House of Representative®, pl’ iiiß'liree millions of dollars at the dispo sal of the President : “See. 2. And be it further emrcled. That the sum of three millions of dollars bo and the same is hereby appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury, not otherwise appro priated, to be expended, in whole or in pnr-t, under tliedirection of the President ofthe United Slates, for the military and naval ser. vice, including fortifications and ordnance, and increase of the Navy: Provided, 6tich expenditures shall be rendered necessary for the defence of the country prior to the next meet ing of Congress.” Those Senators who spoke it) opposition to this enormous power, were Messrs. Web ster, Cnlhoun, l-eigh. Southard, Clay, Pres ton and VY'hite. Those who advocated it in debate, were Messrs. Wright, Lino, Buchanan and CutFi. bert. Those who voted fir the . appropriation) wero Messrs. Benton, Black, Brown, Bueha-. nan, C.uthbert, GrUn-ty, Hill, K me, King cf Ala., King of Gn., Linn, McKean, Morris, Robinson, Ruggles, Shepley, Talimadge,Tip ton, Wright.—l 9. Those who voted against it, were Messr.si Bell, Bibb, Calhoun, Clay, Clayton, Ewi>g r Frelmghuysen, Goldshorough, Hendricks, Kent, Knight, Leigh, Manmjm, Moore, Nat>- and iin, Poindexter, Porter, Prentiss, Prcs'on, Robb ns, Silsbee, Smith, Southard, Swift, Tomlinson, Tyler, Waggauva'ii, Wefolery White—29 NO. 4.