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C| e (bmpire 3 tatt GRIFFIN, GEORGIA. WEDNESDAY MORNING FEBRUARY G, 1856. A Speaker at jLast. Telegraphic despatches inform us that Banks has been elected Speaker by one vote plurality, over Akin, of South Carolina. The President’s Kansas Message. President Pierce has communicated to Congress in the form of a special Message, his views and opinions upon the subject of the affairs of Kansas. This like all preceding documents of a similar kind emanating from his pen, is bold, fearless and unequivocal, lie briefly reviews the history of the Kansas troubles, animadverts in strong lan guage upon the derelictions of Gov. Reeder, and demonstrates to the satisfaction of every sound national man, his utter detestation of Northern fa naticism, and his determination to adhere to the Constitution, and enforce its guarantees for the protection of the rights of every section of the Union. This is but another evidence of his title to the continued support and confidence of the Na tional Democratic Party, as well as of every oth er conservative friend of his country. Minister to England. Hon. George M. Dallas, of Penn , has been ap pointed to succeed Mr. Buchanan at the Court of St. James, as United States Minister. This is a good appointment, and will m?et the approbation of all sounl men in the country. Democratic Central Committee. In pursuance of a resolution of the late Demo cratic Convention, held in Millcdgeville, the Pres ident of that Convention has appointed the fol lowing Central Committee viz : A. It. Lawton, of Chatham, D. C. Campbell, of Baldwin, A. J. Law son, of Burke* W. L. Mitchell, of Clarke, and Junius Wingfield, of Putnam. - - Mississippi Senator. Hon. Jefferson Davis, Secretary of War, has been elected United States Senator by the Legisla ture of Mississippi. This will occasion no vacan cy in the Cabinet, as the term for which Col. Davis has been elected, does not commence till the 4th of March, 1857, the end of Gen. Pierce's term of office. Tlie Vermont Resolutions. The Governor of Vermont transmitted to the Governor of Georgia, certain resolutions passed by the Vermont Legislature upon the subject of Kan sas, and other matters connected with the institu tion of slavery, which Gov. Johnson transmitted to the General Assembly of Georgia, accompanied •with a message of some length, containing his views in reference to the several matters embraced in the resolutions. It would be a work of super rogation on our part, to attempt to inform our rea ders as to the character of this message. His opinions are so well understood upon questions of this sort, and his antecedents present such a clear record in reference to the rights of our own sec tion of the Union, that no one can be at a loss for a moment to anticipate the bold and idependent manner with which Gov. Johnson disposes of such cases. We have not room this week for the mes sage, but will endeavor to find a place for it in a future issue. While upon this subject, we deem it prudent to say a word or two of the manner in which these resolutions were received by the Sen ate. Quite an excited debate sprung up upon the question as to the tone of the response which Geor gia would send back to the hot bed of Know Noth ing Abolitionism. Some were in favor of treating them with dignified respect, asserting, as Mr. Baxter and Mr. Peeples did, that there was noth ing insulting in the resolutions. (Mr. Baxter and Mr. Peeples are both Know Nothing Senators.) Others were for hurling them back with defiance in the teeth of the corrupt fanatics from which they came, as unworthy of any sort of respect. Among the number of these stood prominent Mr. McMil lan, the Senator from Habersham,and Mr. Gibson the Senator from Pike. The last named gentle man is represented as speaking in language so con genial with our own feelings and sentiments on ‘his subject, that we present them to the reader. The correspondent of the Chronicle & Sentinel says : “Mr. Gibson, of Pike, said that he endorsed the policy indicated in Mr. McMillan’s resolution.— The argument is exhausted, and we should hereaf ter reason with fanaticism through the mouth of the cannon, and enforce the argument at the point of the bayonet. Gentlemen on the other side of the House, (the American Party have the floor ori the “other side of the House,”) had said, “that they did not consider the Vermont resolutions as insult ing.” He differed with them, and he was for re pelling all such assaults.” Gov. Johnson characterizes the resolutions as “an insult to the State of Georgia.” But Mr. Baxter, kind soul, said, “I reiterate, that I do not take the Vermont resolutions as an insult.” Won der what the gentleman would take to be an in sult to the State of Georgia ? Interesting Relic. The Rev. C. W. Key, Pastor of the Methodist Church in Griffin, has left at our office a stone, weighing about one pound, picked up in one of the streets of the ancient City of Jerusalem, by the la mented Dr. William Terrell, late of the county of Hancock, and brought home by him, on his return from a tour through many of the ancient cities of the Eastern Continent. The principal composition of the specimen left with us, is carbonate of lime, and is appreciable not on account of its “intrinsic worth,” but for the interesting associations con nected with it. The street from the pavement of which this stone was taken, in all probability, is the one through which our Saviour passed, on His way from the Judgment Hall, where he received lrom Pilate the sentence of death, by crucifixion, to the summit of Calvary, where the solemn trage dy was concluded. This is a very reasonable infer ence, from the fact as stated by Dr. Terrell, that it is the most direct route from one to the other of these celebrated localities ; and it is not beyond ihe range of possibilities that, His sacred feet might have trod npon this venerable relic on Ilis sorrowful march to the awful scene, which has been embalmed in the memory of all the sons and daughters of Christendom for the last eighteen cen turies. Know Nothin,; Sincerity. The-House of Representatives o f the U. States Congress, is still in a state of disorganization.— Two months have now elapsed, and nothing has been done to effect an organization. The enquiry •is rife throughout the country, as to the cause of this state of things., and the party who is responsi ble for the same. The Democratic Party, at the commencement of the Session, met in caucus, laid down their platform, and nominated their candi date for Speaker. The Black Republicans, com posed mostly of Know Nothings, have united their forces upon several leaders of their party, and although able to cast the largest vote for their candidate, could not rally strength suffi cient to elect any one of their distinguished lead ers. The contest in a few days, after the com mencement of the Session, was narrowed down to three gentlemen representing the different parties now prominent in this branch of the United States Congress. The Northern Know Nothings rallied to Mr. Banks,of Mass., a Black Republican Know Nothing ; the Democrats, North and South, sup ported their nominee, Mr. Richardson, of 111., the lather of the Kansas and Nebraska Bill ; and the Southern Know Nothings, with a few Northern members of their Fraternity, fell desperately in love with Henry A. Fuller, a Know Nothing mem ber of Penn., an enemy of the Kansas and Ne braska Act, and who beat Wright, w friend of that bijl, in his District, upon the issue of Kansas vs. Anti-Kansas. (By the by, Messrs. Foster and Trippe know very well that Fuller is indebted for his election, to his hostility to the Kansas and Nebraska Act.) What has been the consequence? The National Democrats and Anti-Know Noth ings have inflexibly adhered to Richardson for more-than one hundred ballottings. Banks’ friends have adhered to him with the same pertinacity. — Fuller’s faction have persisted in their support of him, to which faction Messrs. Foster and Trippe belong. The Fuller faction doubtless hold the ba lance of power, and long since could have decided the contest by going over to Banks or Richardson. But as this faction was composed mainly of South ern Know Nothings, they knew that political death would be the consequence of going over to their “worthy brother,” Banks, and to vote fora Demo crat, would be a pill too bitter to be swallowed by them; consequently they have kept the House in its present disorganized state up to the time of this writing. Some of them have professed a jmTer ence for a Democrat over an Abolitionist., but give as their reason that the Democrats had enunciated in their platform of principles, opposition to the abominable heresy of Know Nothingism, and moreover, that Richardson being a member from a free State, was not entitled to the confidence of Southern men. Well, Richardson lias been laid upon the shelf, and Orr, of South Carolina, one of “the straitest of the sect,'’ of Southern politicians, has been pla ced in nomination, and mark the result ! He gets about the same vote which Richardson had receiv ed, and the Fuller men are among the “non est in ventus,” thus showing in a most glaring point of view, the want of sincerity on the part of the Southern Know Nothings. Why don’t they vote for Orr, if they are honest in their desire to organ ize the House ? No, they would prefer any other evil to voting for a Democrat. The excuse we un derstand to.be, the determined opposition of the Democratic Party to the principles of Know Noth ingism. So let it be. Whenever the Democratic party in Congress abandon their opposition to this modern heresy, we say let the people abandon them,* and in the language of Mr. Toombs, our motto is, “let discord |gign forever,” rather than compromise any opposition to the Dark Lantern Party, North or South. MeneMeuc, Telid Upliar sin. Mr R. P, Trippe ! the hand writing is upon the wall, ‘Thou art weighed in the ballance and found wanting, thy kingdom is divided and given to ‘another.’ You have persisted in voting for Henry A. Fuller, an Anti-Nebraska Fresoil Know Nothing, in preference tofWilliam A. Richardson, a sterling Nebraska, Kansas Democrat, and Orr of South Carolina, a sound Southern politician.— You know very well that Fuller owes his present position in Congress to his opposition to the Kan sas and Nebraska bill. lie ran against Wright, who was a friend to that bill, and Wright was beaten oil account of his advocacy of that measure, and Fuller was elected on account of his hostility to it. Yet you have been steadily voting for this man Fuller, in opposition to the best men the Dem ocratic party could bring forward,North or South. Your undying hostility to the Democratic party, it seems would lead you to the very brink of des truction of the interests of your own section of the country, and bow much further, God only knows. ‘The hand writing upon the wall is against you.’— ‘Your days are numbered’ politically, and the peo ple of your district, will no longer tolerate your adherence to Henry A. Fuller. Gather your lau rels, during the present Congress, fur another man must take your place. The coldest day of the Season. Monday the 4th inst. just 21 years from the memorable cold Saturday, was the coldest day of this cold season Just before sunrise the Themomeler stood 2 degrees above Zero; at 8 o’clock 7 1-2 degrees. For the Empire State. The Party. In the concourse which make up the many who throng the festive hull, we see character portrayed in all its delineations. Yonder the coquette with her many admirers, lavish in her profusions of re gard to the many who surround her, actuated on by flattery, and a seeming consciousness of her su periority. Jn another place one might see a group so totally different from die first, ps to bear no comparison, absorbed individually upon a topic bearing in itself upon the minds of each, that which is intellectual and instructive. That young lady, the admired of all admirers ; and that young man by her side, are known to be affianced lovers, remote from all, they appear to be one in convcrsa tion and feeling. That couple promenading upon whom all eyes are resting, revert the minds of ma ny back to scenes in their earlier youth when they loved, but a separation made painful by the inter position of a stern father, and unrelenting mother, severed the bond which had for a time knit them together, and now for the first time, they meet un der different cireumstances. Youder stands the Pastor of his people, with head wdiitened by the snows of age, scanning the many who throng be fore him, with a tear ot regret for the thoughtless* and a smile of approval to the innocent enjoyments of youth. REFLECTION. Thermomctrical Record for the month of January 1856. Griefin, Ga. January 1,8, A. M., 46—Cloudy. “ 2, “ “ “ • 48—Raining. 3, “ *‘ “ 45—Clear. “ 4, “ “ “ 40—Cloudy. “ 5, “ “ “ 30—Clear 6, “ “ “ 271-2—Rainy. “ 7, “ “ “ 32—Cloudy. “ 8, “ “ “ 34 “ “ 9, “ “ “ 19—Clear. “ 10, “ “ “ 12— “ “ 11, “ “ “ 26 -Snowing. 12, “ “ 32- ; i-Cloudy. “ 13, “ “ 32—Clear. “ 14, “ “ 3o—Cloudy. “ 15, “ “ “ 30—Cloudy. “ 16, “ “ “ 26—Cloudy. “ 17, “ “ “ 25—Clear. “ 18, “ “ “ 36 “ “ 19, “ “ “ 38- 20, “ “ “ 36—Cloudy. “ 21, “ “ 22—Clear. “ 22, “ “ “ 15— “ “ 23, “ “ “ 16— “ “ 24. “ “ “ 16 1-2—Clear. 25, “ “ “ 30—Cloudy. “ 26, “ “ “ 30—Rain. “ 27, “ “ “ 28—Cloudy. “ 28, “ “ “ 26 “ “ 29, “ “ “ 22 “ “ 30, “ “ “ 29—Clear. “ 31, “ “ “ 26 “ Mb. Toombs in Boston. —We find in the Boston Journal, says the Savannah Morning News, a re port of Mr. ‘Toombs’ lecture on slavery, delivered before a large audience in Tremont Temple, on Thursday night last, the 24th January. The ar gument is an able, and would have been a convinc ing one, had it been addressed to any but the most prejudiced fanatics. Several attempts were made in the course of the delivery of the lecture, to hiss the speaker, which were, however, promply checked by the majority of the audience. While speaking of the fugitive slave law, and vindicating its justice and constitu tionality, there was an interruption by hisses from various parts of the hall, which (says a reporter,) were taken by the Hon. Senator with the utmost self-possessiov. and coolness. Gentlemen, said he in an impressive manner, you may his your Consti tution if you wish, but you do not now hiss me.-- Clo and pub your curses where they belong—upon the fathers of your country ! We come here to speak of the Constitution, and there are enough here, and in the country to protect it! (Loud ap plause.) The New York Express says : “The hospitality of Boston was stronger than all its prejudices. Three cheers, not unmixed with dissent, were given at the close, and someone cried, “lluw long before Charles Sumner will thus be permitted to speak South ? ’ We may answer, says the News, when the peo ple of the South invite them to comej to the “South” and lecture us ou a subject of which they know nothing ! Religion at the wltitehouse. Speaking of the onerous labors which devolve on the President, a Washington correspondent of the New York Observer says: ‘The President, however, has one habit already well known to the people here, that serves as a shield and help in this matter of labor. He is a Sabbath-keeping man. On the Lord’s day, no company on any pretext, and no business done ex cept that which may fairly come under the head of necessity and mercy. The clergy of the city tell me that Mr. Pierce is a church-going man, invari ably being in his seat on the Sabbath, attending twice or three times a day, and carrying his early New England habits and predelcctions o far as to take pleasure in an evening religious meeting during the week; when he can find lJjuge hr sgch a spot from the cares of the day. MreJire mfffor tune of public men that their private habits must be made the theme of remark, and if the President were a man whose example was bad, there would* be many to proclaim it to the world; and as his life and conversation is such as the religious people of the country will rejoice iu.it is but a duty,to say that that social worship is maintained in his family by the President, and that the order of his household is silch as become the Chief Magistrate of a Chris tian people, The gay world, of course, regret the want of those splendid balls and parties which have in time past made the White House the Head quarters of Pleasure; but the cwcumstances of do mestic sorrow under which Represent family came into the mansion such scenes, did not their taste and sympathies suggest other and more rational sources of enjoyment. The writer adds the following statement, which contradicts-a contrary rpmor, and is, not a little ... . / # ; *f - ‘The temperance people will be glad to know that the President of the United States is a total abstinence man in principle and practice. Gentle men who have dined with him frequently, assure me that he does not drink wine, nor anything but pure water, and this has been his custom for many years. It is so difficult to get at the truth on such a point, and such opposite statements have been made, that 1 am pleased to be able to say this of the President on the best of authority. Gen. Cass has been a temperance man all his life, and the hale and vigorous constitution he now pos scsses at 73, shows that strong drink is not neces sary to make or keep a man strong.’ Eijjaii Bird.—lt will be recollected that the Georgia Legislature, a couple of years ago, grant ed a pardon to the above named individual, who had been convicted of ihe murder of his brother in-law, Dr. N. G. Hillburn. The New Orleans correspondent of the Columbus Enquirer, writing under date of January 17th, gives an item of his whereabouts and manner of conducting liimselt after enjoying the legislative clemency of this State. The correspondent says : “Crime and interperance still stalk abroad in this city. A man was murdered on board the stea mer Republic, on Saturday last, and no one on the boat communicated anything to the police, in rela tion to the matter, until the succeeding Monday, thus giving the murderer time to escape. The name of the murderer is Elijah Bird, who, it is said, absconded from Georgia, a few years since where he had committed two murders. It is said that he has wealthy relations living in Georgia.” Important Arrest. Mr. John Chisolm, of this city, a young man under 20 years of age, und sometimes employed in the Post Office, was arrested on Nondiiy, 28th charged with stealing money out of the Post Of fice. For the Empire State, Tlie Atmosphere. BY GEORGE H. BRIGGS. Number 3. Ist. By selecting sites for our dwellings —Taking care to liat'e them iu airy situations, remote from marshes, ponds, and stagnaut waters, which vitiate the atmosphere we breathe, by the exhalations they give, and thereby generate disease. 2nd. In the manner of constructing our dwellings. —The cellars should be dry, and windows at oppo site sides for ventilation, whenever the weather will permit. The rooms should be. lofty, and ra ther capacious than contracted, and should all open, by windows, to the exterior, and should be well ventilated, every fair morning. 3rd. In improving our personal and domestic habits. —By practising cleanliness,'an ancient, if not a modern virtue ; by avoiding the deleterious influence of the night air, especially in autumn, when much vegetable matter is in the process of decay ; by well ventilating our apartments, par ticularly when the atmosphere is pure and salubri ous ; by graduating the temperature of our rooms iu winter, which should not be suffered to rise above (!4 degrees, Fahrenheit ; by avoiding hot sleeping apartments, in which the temperature of ten varies, between the hour of going to bed, when fires are kept up, and the hour of rising, when the fires have gone out—a transaction too trying for the most robust constitution ; by taking frequent exercise in the open air, when our habits are stu dious or sedentary ; by sleeping in rooms without fires, so arranged that fresh air may at all times have free access, and by avoiding lodging too many persons in the same room ; and by inducing our females to go warmly and tidily clad, both to church and to parties of pleasure. How many constitu tions are ruined in our cities and villages, by in dulging in habits which philosophy and reason teach us to avoid ? 4th. In multiplying ornamental Trees and Shrubs about our Dwellings —Which serve to purify the air, abate the fervor of summer heats, by carrying off a portion of the caloric with the mosture they exhale, and as embellishments, and as imparting an evidence of good taste. sth. In the construction of Stables and Cattle- Sheds. —Farm-stock is as much benefitted by clean liness and good air as man ; and the same precau tions which go to secure the health of the latter, are essentially requisite to promote the thrift and well being of the former. Hence the importance of having clean and well ventilated stables and sheds, and giving cattle wholesome exercise. 6th. In the planting of cur Seeds. —The atmos phere being essential to germination, both on ac count of the oxygen and heat which it contains, all seeds should be deposited in the soil within its reach. They should be put just so low as will bare ly secure about them moisture enough to insure their germination. Thus small seeds often fail to grow from being buried too deep iti the soil ; and that, even if they germinate,the food which the cotyledons afford, and which is their only support till the seipi nal leaves are developed, is not sufficient to carry the plumula, or upright short, to the earth’s sur face, where alone |iie leaves can” exercise their of fice of elaborating or preparing the food. 7th. In the management of our Field and Gar den Crops. —The suit has a strong affinity for wa ter, and the atmosphere penetrates it freely, when pulverised and loose ; but where the soil is com pact and crusted, neither the atmosphere nor the dews are able fully to ensure the growth of the vegetation upon it. In the former case, the is like a sponge, pervious to atmosphere and dew, and transmitting both to the roots of plants, with the elementary -food which .they are charged. But where the earth is crusted, by alternate rain and sunshine, neither dew nor air penetrates freely, and the former is dissipated by the rays of the morning suiUrtik’Bce, the preventive against the evils of is the frequent stirring of the surface, and keeping it constantly permeaabie to atmospheric air, and the vegetable nutrition with which it abounds. We remember an account of a remark able illustration of the benefit of frequently stir ring the surface of cultivated lamjfe, given by Cur wen, a distinguished British agriculturist. He prepared a field of stiff, forbidding land, and plant ed it with cabbages, llis neighbors all declared he would get no crops ; but he put a horse and cultivator among the plants, and subjected the J ground to almost constant stirring during the grow ing season. The resiflt was, he gathered an im mense crop, some of the cabbages weighing over fifty pounds each. The farmer may derive great benefit from this practice in the culture of drilled upd hoed crops, provided he does not go so deep as to cut thdPot.s of his plants, or throw the manure to the surface. • / Bth. In draining our Wet Lands. —We at the same time time promote health, and augment, our profits. For, generally speaking, our wet and marshy lauds are the. richest in o.gauic matters, and become the most profitable to the owner, when thoroughly drained. And, lastly, we may profit from the facts we have det ailed. 9th. And we clip, <fce: In the managsment of our Manure. —All the food of vegetables must be resolved in a liquid or gaseous form, before it can enter the mouths of plants, or become incorporated in the vegetable structure. This change is effected, in dung, by fermentation or decomposition, by which the parts are separated. The gaseous matters first escape, if fermentation takes place in the soil, the earth imbibes it, and the plants growing thereon, are nourished thereby, ll fermentation takes place upon the surface, either in the yard or in the field, these gases rise, from fheir specific gravity being less that of atmospheric air, and are dissipated by the winds. The liqtiiu matters escape next. If buried in the soil, the soil absorbs and gives them off to plants. If left upon the surface, they are washed away by rains, or sink, with little or no benefit to the owner, into the earth beneath them. I'iie whole ol the matter of dead animals and plants is convertible, if buried in the soil, into li ving plants, by the ordinary process of Nutnre ; and it is capable, however solid it may seem, of be ing reduced to liquid or gaseous forms, fitted to the wants of om; crops, indeed, it proceeds to take these forms immediately, on its losing its vitality, as soon as it comes in contact with air, heat, and water, the great agents of decomposition. The moment fermentation begins, the waste of vegeta ble food begins ; if the fermentation takes place upon the surface, carbonic acid gas is disengaged, and is scattered by the winds ; the oxygen of the atmosphere, uniting with the hydrogen of the mass forms water, which settles into the ground, or is carried off’ by the rains ; the mass is reduced in volume, and when fermentation has exhausted its force, it has lost one-lmlf of its fertilising proper ties. If the fermentation takes place in the dung yard, or upon the field, we repeat, this half is lost to all useful purposes of the farm. If it takes place in the soil, the earth imbibes it, and the plants growing thereon are fed and nourished by it—the gases and liquids are converted into the solid mat ter of the growing crops, be they grain, grass, pulse or roots. Now, when we consider how small a portion of •this immense mass of atmospheric food comes in contact with animals or tires at any one time, and that it is only these small portions that become vi tiated, may we suppose that ages would elapse be fore any difference could be detected in the quanti ty of oxy e *,even were there no means of replenish ment provided. But the wisdom and design of Dei ty, which the study of Nature everywhere detects, and which as constantly seems ordained for the ben efit and comfort of man, has not left so important a principle as that of vital air to be consumed, without a source of regeneration.” It appears from experiments, that vegetation is the source from which the atmosphere is replenish ed with oxygen ; and, so far as is known, this is the only source. It farther appears, that growing plants, during the day, absorb Carbonic acid from the atmosphere, decompose the gas, emit the oxy gen of which it is in part composed, and retain the carbon to increase their growth. Gridin, January, .1856. From the Atlanta Intelligencer. On the sth of April, a regiment of volunteers from Alabama will leave Montgomery, for Kansas under the command of Maj. Buford. The regi ment will be composed of 400 men, divided into companies of 50 each, commanded and drilled by officers chosen by themselves The outfit is to be six blankets, one gun, one knapsack, and one fry ing pan. Maj. Buford is to pay the expense of this regiment to Kansas, and in return the members are to acquire a pre-emption, and pay him out of that. The men are bona fide settlers, who go to Kansas as a permanent place of residence. SotUern Masonic Female College’ Someone has scut us a catalogue of the Faculty and students of the above named institution. The number of pupils for the present Collegiate year is 140, The f> Rowing extracts from the printed regulations are so much iu accordance v illi the principles of common sense, that we commend them to the perusal and consideration of all those having charge of similar institutions. Gov ciiimeiit. Our boarding Ptipilis are not allowed to visit the stores without first presenting a bill of articles they need to to Faculty. Then, on set days, some member of the Faculty will go with them to make their purclias s. ‘Fins simple regulation will go far to secure jm lici* m expenditures, and protect the interests of all concerned , and must be approved, alike, l>\ all reflecting parents and all true friends of the College The excessive extravagance and vain show now prevail ng, is the great, the crying evil and curse of Schools the crushing demon of Education and Religion--the fruitful source of Pride, K.ivy an l Disco i tent—engendering {Vise views that too frequently ripen into Bankruptcy, .Misery and Buiti. We feel it tq.be a high and j-olernn du v, as it is now om; settled poley, to arrest and control this silicons folly, ns far as we possibly can, in this College. Will vot our patrons — an enlightened public—a ( lirislian cummuni ty, and thy .Masonic Fraternity, all, unitedly sanction and aid ns in brinfring about a reform so urgently demanded ? “Economy is essential to the * .oral and Literary character of any institution ” During school term Pupi’s of this College will not be allowed to attend parties, iravl ing concerts shows* and such kindred excite incuts, for this sufficient reason; that it is impossible to educate any girl right while indulging in such habits. Dress. i lie dress for our i onimencement will be plain white Swiss muslin. No ribbon to be worn on the head. No jewelry to be worn, except a breast-pin, or Society Badge, either at Commencement, or during school term All ornamental adorning unavoidably tends to feed and strengthen pride and vanity, vrid to thwart the very best effort to educate the young. Apparel dresses for every day will be of worsted, calico, gingham and white sun bonnet,. For Sunday, a neat, white corded bonnet, with no ribbon. Every Pupil sh< uld be furnished with two pair of thick walking shoes The thin cloth shoe, worn in the winter, frequently endangers both the health and life of the Pupil. From tee Daily Intelligencer. State Aid to Rail Roads. tt'e condense from recent article in the Amer - can Railway Tunes the following statement of the , position of other States upon the important ques tion of State aid to Railroads—a matter which cannot fail of interest at this time to our own citi zens. The policy, it appears, has hitherto been confined to the Southern States. Os these, Vir ginia contributes to the construction of the follow ing roads as stockholder : Alexandria Louden, and Hampshire ; Freder icksburg and Gordonsvillc; Manasses Gap; Nor forlk and Petersburg; Orange and Alexandria; Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac; Rich mond and Petersbuag; Richmond and Danville; Richmond and York River; Roanoke Valiy; South Side; Virginia and Tennessee. It has also constructed, on its own account, the Covington and Ohio Railroad, as a grand aven ue between the Ohio and the seaboard. The State subscribers t eyflfuTu l iT'n f three fifths to the cap ital stock of most? of the Roads aided by her. The Tennessee Legislature, by an act passed in the session of 1851—2, authorized a loan by the Stat<; of §B,OO0 —after increased to §lo‘oo0 —per mile, to be applied exclusively to the ironing and equiping the Roads mentioned in said act. Un der the provisions of this act, and the one amenda tory passed at the next.session, nineteen different railroads are entitled to the aid of the State. A bona fide subscription sufficient to grade them and provide the cross tics, is required before the loan cun be obtained; and a section of thirty miles must be ready lor the iron before the delivery ol the first instalment. ‘The bonds constitute the first mortgage on the Road, and upon failure to pa\ the interest it is sold the State remunerated from the proceeeds. Louisana —By an act, passed in 1853, provi sion is made for assisting internal improvements within the State in the following manner, viz: When a company shall have received a special charter granting State aid, it is made the duty of the State Treasurer to subscribe to the amount ol one-fifth of their capital; there are other provisions and restrictions not necessary here to be mention ed. Several railroads in the State have availed themselves of the provisions of this act. North Carolina.— Has of lute begun to encouragi several works ol internal improvement by subscrij - tion to their stock or endorsing their bonds to n certain amount. Dcceware —This State has recently contributed a small sum to a road in progress in her bounds. South Carolina. —This State has aided to u considerable extent the various railroads in hei limits, but not in accordance with any general plan, or system. The work to which she has ex tended the greater amount of aid is the B.ueridge railroad now in progress, to which she has subscib ed, we believe, $2,000,000. Legislative Proct dings. In the House, on r J uesdav, the English educa tion bill with Mr Stiles’ amendment, propos al the appointment of a Commissioner of Public Schools for the State, were considered and lost. A bill to authorize Chas. S. Arnold to marry again, and for other purposes, was passed, and or dered to be transmitted without delay to the Sen ate. Anew county to be called Berrien, was created to-day in the House from Coffee, Irwin and Lowndes; also one to be called Colquitt from the counties of Thomas and Lowndes. The Message of the Governor predicated upon the resolutions of Vermont, relative to the subject of slavery, was read, referred to the Committee on the State of the Republic, and 160 copies ordered to be printed. Mr Jones, of Muscogee, offered a resolution, the effect of which is to cease all intercourse with the State of Vcrnuiiit, until she learns to regard her constitutional obligations, and to observe that courtesy which is due from sister States of this Union to each other. Mr. Thoronton offered a substitute. ivqii sting the Governor of Georgia lo transmit to the Governor of Vermont the resolu tions passed by the Convention of the State in the year 1580, together with a leaden ball, and request the same to be lai t before the General Assembly of that State. Mr Tcrhunc offered to amend by adding a little powder, Mr Jones by adding a coil of rope. Mr. Smith, of Union, presented the following. Resolved, By the General Assembly of the State of Georgia, that his excellency the Governor is hereby requested to transmit the Vermont Reso tions forthwith to the deep dark and foetid sink of social rnd political iniquity from whence they em anated, with the following unequivocal declara tion inscribed thereon, viz: Resolved. T hat Georgia, standing on her Consti tutional paladium, heeds not the maniac ravings of hell born f,mutism, nor stoops from her lofty po sition to hold terms with purjured traitors. The same were also lefcred to the Coiuniitteo on the State of the Republic. The action of the Senate on the subject of these Resolutions was to *oithorize the Governor of Georgia to ret rn them to the Governor of Ver mont. Mr. McMillan, of Habersham, was in favor of keeping the resolutions here, as another link in the chain of grievances that have been piled upon the .South, and wnieh may ultimately lead to a disas- I troosUsue to the country, and that hereafter ‘we i should only rcfl-oii through the mouths of our mus l nets, and impress our arguments by the points of ■ our bayonetts. ’ ~*~ , The bill appropriating money to complete the Lun tic Ass\ iu ni, utter considerable discussion was , passed. The majority, mi t mo tut Minority Jlisooimlble, The anti-Nebraska majoiity in the House of U jirescntativc’ a e under special obliga tions to the id.tors of tie Intelligencer for the earnestness and pers steiiey with which they l si.st on fixing an indiscriminate r-. sponsibility on each section into wnieh the House is divi ded in the effort to elect a Speaker. Hereto fore it has been regarded as the fair and just course to ascertain which party in Congress cv institutes the majority, and, upon the ascer tainment of this fact, to determine where the responsibility belongs. Very much to the re lief, and no doubt lo the incouragement, of the anti-NT braska majority in the house, our very conservative neighbors discard the ques tion as to who constitute the majority, but seek, by indiscriminate censure, to fix indis criminate responsibility upon the minority as well as upon the maj rity. This extreme con servatism approaches very near the exhibition of a feeling of sympathy with the majority,, which will be apt to remind the readers of the Intelligencer that Nebraska has never been a favorite with the journal, We are bound to suppose that the editors of the lutilligcnecr are in earnest in the desire wli cli Diey express for an organization of the House, and that it is that desire, and not any real sympa lty with the black republicans, which induces iis editors to cast their indis criminate censures upon all sections and di visions of the House. Conceding this much to the li .bitual conservatism of the Intelligen cer, we must say that its course strikes us as the most successful one that could be adopted to prevent an oiganizatit n. What need the-, majority to care for the responsibility which, legitimately attaches to them if a journal so< old and infiueiiti 1 and cquservat ve as the In telligencer comes forward day by day to s: ift from the shoulders a portion of that responsi bility, and to lay it upon the shoulders of the majoiity ? Our neighbors go far beyond the recognized organs of the minority - even Ho race Greeley is not so unreasonable and unjust U’ to attach the responsibility, or any portion, of it, to the minority; but the Intelligencer overlooks all distinctions between the majori ty and the minority, and gives and ily ‘aid and comfort’ to the abolition majoiity by dividing the responsibility between them and the un tie nl minority. And the Intelligencer does this under the plea—we had almost written the pretext —of an earnest desire to hasten an organization. G e repeatthat, incur judge ment, the intelligencer could not have adopt ed a m re efficient policy to procrastinate and and defeat an elect.on of Speaker than by its indiscriminate censures upon the whole House. That the anti- ebraska members are ill a majority in the House is as demonstrable as that 106 and 6 make 112. the fact that all the anti-Nebraska nren do not or cannot agree iu their choice of a >peeker does not contra dict the fact fixed by figures, which do not and cannot lie, that a majority of the present House s opposed to the Nebraska bill. If ilie Intelligencer had trailed its attention to* the ascertainment of this fact, and thereupon have united with us in fixing the responsibili ty n; on the real majority, it would have con tributed much more towards an organization ban by | utt.ug iu daily a sort of plea in ex tenuation of the e< miuct of the majority.— With all the ela ins of that journal to candor and fairness, and libeiallity and conservatism, t can nevvr blind the country to the fact that the anti-Nebraska members have it in their i owtr oil any ballot to elect a Speeker, if tWv will un.te their forces; and upon this here can be but one judgement as to tlie re sponsibility. Whet; er the blame is to be aG tached to the Banks men or to the fragment of anti-Nebraska men who refuse to vote for him, is a matter of no concern to the country; ti e responsibility will be fixed upon the major ity without stopping to inquire what portion t it is in the wrong as to their failure tOi harmonize on a candidate.— Weekly Union The Star is informed that the|Secrelary of lie interior is about to notify the officers of the States and territories unde: his control thatab -ence fr nn the post of duty will be deemed by him a sufficient cause for- 1 emoval. This is ioten ed prieipaliy for th ■ absentees who visit wash’ ington during the session of Congcbs.