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SOUTHERN CONFEDERACY.
JPontberi jC
t. r«sf^.vrAT»m^
M-iDituit,, ’ ?
**”’ Zrvi ini To no hoiaT^
TUESDAY, MARCH 11, 1861.
mMmtssioncr
from Georgia, before iki Getertl I briefly pree.nl th* gr.1.4 a ml r.u»oa that judgmaot
Tbc Doctor! Dloagreo.
Tho debate, laat Thursday, io tbe Hulled
SUM Baaed* au the rrMiitebU Inaugural, waa ^ bar Co«»»ol.ioo.
one of .Diking import, from tbe high charec-
toroT tl*(»ntlegien p.ttiripiti.g ia tbe de
bate, aa W^l IV die *(<M direr genre of opin-,
ion between them.
Mr. WjgTaT Salffthlt Mr. Douglas hat! glvn
the day previously, hk opinion of tUo low go
rat, and now he thought it important that Oth
ers differing from him should be beard. Mr.
Wigfal said seven States were out of the Un*
ion, und the fact oould no longer be smothered
up under generalities; and that their Embas
sadors were now demanding a bearing from
the Government at Washington. He said it
was easy talk, that, about enforcing the laws
and holding forts and Government property,
but bajoneta, and net talk, would settle that
question. Fort Sumter oould not long be held
by the United States—tl»e Union no longer ex
isted under the Constitution, and the issue
must be met. If the troops wore not removed
from Sumter by Lincoln, they would be re
moved for him. The seceded States, said Mr.
Wigfal, will nsver return to your Union—they
will never live under this Administration; then
withdraw your troops—make no attempt to
collect your revenue there, and then enter in
to a treaty with the Southern Confederacy, and
you may have peace.
Mr. Douglas replied, that he had not chang
ed the opinion expressed the day before, that
the Inaugural meant peace. He had carefully
analysed that epeeoh, and had arrived at the
conclusion that Mr. Lincoln meant peace and
to avoid war. Mr. Douglas aaid, this far he
would go with the President, but if he meant
wan, he was agaioat him. lie feared that Forts
Pickens and Sumter could not remain long in
the hands of the Government. Fort Sumter
might once have been reinforced, but now it
would take 10,000 men te do it. There were
but few men in the Forts, they would soon be
ex':a isted at the gunv, and4hey had not bread
and salt for thirty days' rationV. ‘If4be Pres
ident did not mean peace, it was time for Con
gress to be in session, and 200,000 rAtn in the
field.
Mr. Wigfal remiuded Mr. Douglas 4hat last
Fall he waa for hanging * gooi many people
in the South, to which Mr. Douglas replied by
a denial of the statement, and a declaration
tbai, with him, “by-gones were to be by
gones.”
Mr. Mason said, that for two whole days the
debate had been raging on tbe Preaideut’s In-
augurul, and no Black Republican in the Sen
ate bad broken silence. Mr. Mason was sur
prised to hear the Senator from Illinois say
that he regarded tbe Iuaugura! as a declara-
tion of peace. From every quarter, said Mr.
Mason, I have heard interpretations of this In
augural, and the Senator from Illinois was the
only source from which he had heard that the
Inaugural meant peace. It is well known,
•aid Mr. Mason, that the Union is broken, and
that seven States, having left the Union, have
established a Government, adopted a Hag and
a revenue system. That Government is com-
and the Right of Secession
And when Virginia ratified the Federal Con
stitution, she declared, "that Iht power*granted
under the Constitution, being derived from the
peapli e/ the United Stott*, uky iir nnssnvKD by
TBC1I WHENSOEVER TF1K KINK 811Al I. MB PKHVfcKT-
nn to tqbir ixjcry or orPitRSHio*, and that cv
try power not granted thereby remains with their
will !**
And agaiu, Virginia declared, ia her Dim.
Riorts, unanimously adopted, January 12th,
1776, “ that when any Government shall be found
inadequate or contrary to those purposes, (
affording protection to persons and property,)
the majority of the community hath an inaliena-
able, indomitable and indefeasible right to reform,
alter, or abolish it, in such manner as shall be
judged most conducive to the public weal." In the
foregoing extracts the right of Secession is
clearly defined and distinctly avowed by Vir
ginia, in Convention assembled. The Cotton
States, therefore, having beeu taught the doc
trine of Secession by Virginia, have shown
tbsir faith by their works, and yet the ancient
Commonwealth remains a laggard bohfnd !—
Virginia cannot say that she has not sufficient
cause to sever the ties which bind her to the
Union. The causes are multifarious, ample—
yea, overwhelming. Being more largely in
terested in Slavery than any State belonging
either to tho Northern or Southern Confedera
cy, it is inexplicable with her proverbial ten
acity for States Rights and the avowed right of
Secession, independent of sympathy or inter
est, that procrastination should mark her de
liberations at this momentous era.
The sons of the Old Dominion are scattered
throughout the Cotton and B >rder States, and
those of the States especially watch, with fear
ful auxiety^the course of their much cherish
ed mother! The eyes of her far-off sons in
the sunny South are turn^d to her, and their
hearts throb in unison with those left behind
in their manly efforts to save her from igno
miny and disgrace ! They are reedy, if needs
be, to fly to her rescue, and drive back the
black hordes of agrarians who seek to pollute
the land of their birth and the graves of their
sires!
The Cotton States have now formed a South
ern Confederacy, not from caprice, or to satis
fy the ambitious, but frutn necessity and self-
preservation. and from the desire to live peace
fully, quietly and prosperously. The agrari
an majorities of the Federal Union furnished
no security to Southern interest, hence the set
of Secession. And now that the Cotton States
have dissolved all connection with the Feder
al Union, they neither expect or des : re a re
construction of the Union with Puritans or
Broadheads. Consequently, it is worse than
folly for Virginia to tarnish her garlanded
brow with delay and submission. There is no
and demonism, will never bo tolerated by the
Cotton States. To submit to the rule of the
Black Republicans' ouraug-oufang President
is more than good breeding and decency can
bear. And if Virginia submits to such humil
iation her sons of the Cotton 8‘ates will ask the
privilege of removing from her once honored
bosom the ashes of Washington, Jefferson,
Madison, Monroe, Randolph, Henry, Leigh,
Ritchie, and John Taylor of Caroline.
If Virginia will oily promptly pnes the Or
dinance of Secession, the grand drama of a
Southern Confederacy will have ended, at-
plete in all its part*, and embraces 5,000,000 of | hope of reconstruction. A Union longer with
people, yet tho President says the Union is on- | agrarians, fanatics, incendiaries, amalgama-
broken. He repeated, that if there was any other | tioniats, free-loveri <m. Millcrism, Fourieisui,
man who had found in the Inaugural what the
Senator from Illinois bad found, namely: a
peaceful policy, he (Mr. Mason) had yet toseo
him. If this peaceful poliey had been found,
It would have been proclaimed in the tongue
of tbe trumpot of the country. Mr. Mason
then proceeded to examine the Inaugural, com
ing to tbe conclusion that it is a proclamation
of war. The President had left out of that pa
per the time when force is to be employed. He
bad omitted the fact that the Union is broken.
He should have admitted it. He sbonld have
recognised the separate existence of the se
ceded States, and withdrawn the troops from
fhsir Forts. As to Virginia, he could say that
If any attempt should be made to uso the pub
lic force, under the policy of executing tbe
laws, or of taking possession of ths Forts and
Arsenals under any other policy, and if the
President should order a hostile Army to march
for such a purpose, Virginia would, by the
unanimous consent of her people, become a
pvrty to the war, the moment the first gun is
fired. In further discussion of the subject, Mr.
Mason argued that Mr. Lincoln regarded the
Chicago Platform as the law.
And thus we see that the extremist disagree
ment of opinion exists between those whom
we would suppose had the very best means of
judging correctly, on a question ol life and
death to 30,000,000 of people. All Ibis time
the ouly party who really possesses the grand
•ocr« t keeps a stubborn slence, as if he enjoyed
with fiendish relish tbe ruin and dismay of
his country. If the Abolitionists, controlling
tho Government of the United Slates, really
intend, as Mr. Douglas suppeses, a peaceful
policy, their contemptuous trifling with the
popular anxiety and interests is unspeakably
wicked. We are charitable enough to think
that this ia not tho esse. The troth is, we think
that those wretched demagogues have hatched
a terrible spawn of vexations and miseries,
from their iusano teachings and principles, a
little sooner than they looked for it, and now
they stand in a mass, waiting to see what will
happen next Seward may be astute and far-
Msing enough to have a matured policy, up to
wbioh he means to work. We do not think be
has, and are sure that if he really knows whet
he is a boat, he is the only one of his elan who
does. Chile is limply a Dantou-ceque ;ort
of a butcher, while the rest of the peck howl
the storm at the North broke forth with ten
fold fury. The pulpit thundered its anathemas
—the press teemed with denunciations—the
lecture snd school room swelled the chorus
of bitter invective and hate—the vengeanes of
God was Invoked by those who should have
been tbe ministera of peace upon the heeds of
our Congressmen—while Senators and Repre
sentatives had their way from Washington to
their home's illuminated by tbe flames of their
burning effigies—tbe votaries of every explo
ded political theory and every dangerous ex
periment in government or society, however
widely they differed as to their own conflicting
tenets, struck hands here and entered upon a
crusade against our rights. Under tbe sanction
ni Northern legislatures Northern capital was
111 VlrgfoUfo. Go with the ftou
tea or fttey With the Northern t»ta<
UnV» l«8l#olv«d. 8*»e«*l.n It notfonger <m Prior to tho RtTolMioD, lb. Coloniee mro HtSbi
*I«Jt«tfIe>*, * An—lpun thaorj, h*t n living rp. 1 ■* separate and Independent communities, bound rtbe'faitblesa/
•lity—a thing of the past-si pact of history-. | Messrs. Speakers and Gentleman qf the General - — - * *
a mighty foet ' ftey, Ihee, ahonld the ancient j Assembly.'
and renowned Commonwealth hesitate, dally [ooxoi*® n ee.j
and prooraatinate ? Has the sceptre of States i The legislation of 1814 repudiated the Mis*
Rights departed from the land of Jefferson souri restriction as incompatible with the ter-
aud Taylor of Caroline? And has hoary head- ! ritorial legislation of 1850, and as being in con-
«d Feder.li.ro clutched it »U l»«t? -It - fl,4 with Uu _CpngtiluH«fl, JijA oput* U>*. M^ouiuHiM tk«7 «wUarik«i >nd adapted th.
k; but w.truitthat it it only . hhlltinlrrmrfun’twrit-fic t»*ur .dmittiu* with our pr(>|>erlr. tr t|dlri ctConfederation Under which >11 their
h«r Cunr.uUon, .. . j Jt|i»iodic«t.d. reDjrninjKnee of ju.tic. ujwd elUni ,i iaUircourM wu r^ulaated during that
Virginia has kept in abeyance Federalism in ; the part of our Northern confederate#, end wss p er ; 0( j the c | oge Q f that conflict, the Gov-
.11 Ho Protean pi,mm. from 1708 and 00 ti j the h.rbiogrr ,J better timrt. Butthew bo,,.
IMO. Virginia h.a taught tl.a glare State. ; ful aigna were>*n dlaaipalrd What ahould
Statea Kigbta, the principle of Reserved R ghla, hare allayed only increaaed excitement, and
^ REMARK* OPaiMIIBI.il *1*. B8|m | tlUwu themselves. Knowing this, w# will 1 auee, and
tnptbn by no paUtioal tie) aaauch they com. of l»t»lUct, in deep U.’rniny.n^rotijpf.lien
mnernd the E^ointionary wnr-lb.y d.elaredf liM«talea«»nabip ita» bl»
their indap.ed.noe, Meg careful ia the dec Ired.ll of North Caroli
1 .ration to reeer*e to themaelree all the righte,
privilege and pvwera that pertain to free and
Independent HUtei. A. free and independent
the Gov
«rurucot with which wo had lately been st
war, by the U-eaty of peace ncognised the free wards effectually protected the
>iWtoivcy | could haveobtafoH Hdslieswf *xtrafiitio 0 f rt
jwthen- lislljthe govfrmMnU frith whom w# held**
•ers,tfimrs | cotreei. Upon the part of agy foreign go T|r
in s dissenting opin meat tie ,.rae ices of the Northern
ion which will live as long as tbe principles of reference to our Slave property, would
rational freedom have admirers, rescued our ! been causes ot war, sod oo foreign gorerso*,
liberties from their imminent peril. He ; has ever ventured io tamper with or iavsfo
alar in sd the fears of tbe ptopie, and they made rights.
basto in provide new safeguards. Thanks to We bate only been restrained by Cm,,
him* au amsudwant to the CooaUtuUon was i obli^aiions from making speed* m
adopted which, properly understood and faiih- effective rrptitials •»
fully carried out, would ha
frout
upon those who
dom, independence and sovereignty of each of
these States. The Congress of the Old Confed
eration passed a resolution requiting the States
to send delegates to Philadelphia for the "sole
and express purpnte of revising the articles of
con federation.”
They did not intend that that league should
be superseded by an entirely new and different
form of government, and the States acted in
sending their delegates with the same purpose
aud views as is apparent from tbe tenor and
effect of their commissions. In the Convention
various schemes of government were proposed,
prominent among there was that offered by
Edmund Randolph of Virginia, which sought
among other things to iuvest Coegress with
power “ to negative all laws passed by the several
States, contravening, in theoj>inion of the Nation
forever after ] - 1 !?* •«»<* thereby released u« h
■ -Isiwa sttKassI*
•r and dignity. aF |, r , iu our aiiuaiiuu, ibvy will re,pA
.....ilar a .Oku I u u|.oo II, air |.,««r anu uigmty. >e | tf , j 0 our B i, u *tiuu. ibvy will r„p M ,
In no lubrequent atl.mptwhlrh haibaan mad* | rlgtua Thry hav. Haver br»n kno»inf B
haa the General Governmeut ever eucrceded i* j gag. ig war, uniea. il would pul .‘Ml i,
rSMutlng proceaa agaioat a Stala where rihi.t. j M"**! •"* ,lr » "•* going 10 katiMU
.nee ha. been offered. The framer, of th. *“/!*• 10 wrt " lrom you a pieee of pri;H r;
Constitution were wia. and ..gaciou. men, and ( .“"r ».
would no. huv, omit,ed to pf.ivide a remedy 1 * h ’ Ch ' aDi,rr "' , ' f
concentrated, and th. .weening, of Northern Z , „ latMr ^ lhe artM „ n/ Vni<J „ (r(u
,1 .,,.m.nl*r1 man Hanrn. * j
cities, aided and augmented by men of depri
ved morals and des|»erato habits, were gather-
ed together and marched in bends to possess
themselves «>f territory devoted to the common
use and to drive out our Southern settlers.—
They laid waste the lovely plains of Kausas,
and tbe whole territory presented a scene of
.assassination, murder std pillage. No life how
ever blameless, no innocence however helpless
—no age however venerable —no virtue how
ever illustrious, availed to stay this tide of car.
nage and violence; and when those brutal and
inhuman acts provoked a juat vengeance, tbe
whole country rang with tbe cry of Southern
atrocity and lawlessness. An appeal was made
to put down wbat was styled “the barbarism of
slavery,” and “the aaered animosity” of the
North was thoroughly aroused. A party corn-
posed of this material assembled in Convention
snd adopted a platf. rm which lowered slave
holders to a level with those sunk in the gross
est vices, and addicted to the basest immorali
ties, and placing upon it as their standari
bearer a mere political adventurer, boldly en
tered the contest for the possession of the gov
ernment. It was only after a most unparall* led
struggle that two of your most prominent and
experienced statesmen were saved from a dis
astrous defest, and the government rescued for
a time from the fearful vortex threatening its
destruction. This result did not discourage
these forces—it did not even break their ranks
—they returned to the charge, animated by
fresh courage They were assured of a strength
of which they had not before been conscious.
An irrepressible conflict between the free and
slave labor was proclaimed -n law higher than
the Constitution and more sacred than the
teachings of Iloly Writ was dibcovered. Pre- |
datory bands were marched into peaceful com |
munitic-stoexcite insurrection—apply the mid- j
night torch—rob and murder—to destroy the
means of t ubsistence—to poison the wells—to
alarm our sleep—to render life a burthen, by
making it insecure, and when the desperadoes
were arrested and punished, they were eleva
ted to the honors of martyrdom ; all the re
straints of religion were cast aside, end the
crucifixion of the Savior of mankind blasphem
ed, by impi msiy comparing with it the execu-
n of a cut throat and a tlieif. Those con
spirators who made good their escape, lound
ylum and protection from Northern cxecu-
rea, who, in violation of their oaths, refused
to surrender them on demand.
Among a people uot dead to all sense of vir
tue and decency, such a party could not prevail.
But their strength lav iu their vices; they aa-
ty subsisting under the authority of the Union, io
call furth the force of the Union against any
member of the Union failing to fulfill its duties
ui.dtr the articles thereof” The nnanimo
jeciion of this proposition establishes that the
Government about to be formed was not a ra
tio!* AL OR c HSOLIIUTKD OoVCRSMRRr—that the
Legislatures of the States were not to be
jrct to tbe control of tho Federal Legislature,
and that no State failing in tbe opinion of the
Congress to discharge its duty to the General
Government waa liable to coercion.
The Constitution, being perfected by the Con
vention, was reported to tbe Federal Congress,
to be by that body submitted to the several
8tates for their ratification. In the letter of tbe
Preaident of the Convention, transmitting its
labors, the Government proposed to be formed
is styled in one place, the “Gkreral Govirr
mrntox tie Union,” and in another the'*Fed
eral Government ov thk States.” But, not
withstanding these careful and guarded desig
nations of its character, emanating from one
incapable of deception or falsehood, who had
just successfully established a claim to the ven
eration and respect of the world and the grat
itude of his countrymen, the fears of many of
the ablest and most patriotic in the Slate Con
ventions were aroused, lest the scheme might
destroy the sovereignty and swallow up tbe
rights of the States. Iu reply to an expression
of such fears in tbe New York Convention*
Gen. Alex. Hamilton, than whom no leader of
the party advocating a strong government is
entitled t« be he?d in higher esteem, for his
learning and ability, candor and boldnefs, said:
“It has been well observed, that to coerce the
States is one of the maddest projects that was
ever devised. A failure of compliance will
never bo confined to a single Stale. This be
ing the case, can we suppose it wise to hazard
a civil war? Suppose Massachusetts, or any
large Slate, should refuse, and Congress should
attempt to compol them, would they not have
influence to procure assistance, especially from
those States in tho same situation as them
selves? What picture does this idea present
to our view ? A complying State at war with a
non-complying State; Congress marching the
troops of one State into the bosom of another;
this State collecting auxiliaries, and forming a
majority against its federal head. Here is a
nation nt war with itself.
••Can any reasonable man be will disposed
towards a government that makes war and car
nage the only means of supporting itself—a
government that can exist only by the sword?
Every such war roust involve tbe innocent
sards
hick
which, onder ihriT Institutions btttfaei
^ curse and a nuisance. They cmuoi blocks
for the enforcement of a r^ht eiearly ami ; UU r por:s and cut iff 00 r trade, h, £
“cxprestly delegated,” or “necessary and ! that upcu which the si ability of rr ery tA/o
proper” to carry it into effort. Theabaenceot j Europe icsta, and upon which
of the right; and yet Ihote States who have j
restrictions upon thrift*
........ . , , • , i tercouree would roon compel them io nm*
provided for their ..fety, .ml hav. p*t|b«ir | >n ,j l0 k „ p ,„, ce Wt lh ,„ „ rtlr „|,^r
househohU in order, arc threatened with inva- i you io join ua iti the accomplishment if*
sion! Will you submit to have Federal troops > most glorious deeiiny diet ever awHiieai^
march through your State to subjugate the ae i P*®- With nothing of inconvenience bat i tl
who are only asserting and maintaining the j £ or **’J r «u*barra#so.eut, the not (lismi*
f.crcd right of «.f d.f.oo.1 (Loudcriro, N.v- I
er! never!!) No, never, that is the word; nev-
it—so help
awai:a us—power and freedom are within#«
grasp. When we fo hence our chtldivsei
uerer reptoach us—hut far io the diiiu
future tbe happiness will be theirs t#
around upon a land t-miling with (ltafji*
upon a people uniied aud Imply.
“ Zealous, yet u.oilest—Innocent, tho’ trc*.
fatlrut of toil—serene amidst alarn.s— ■
Inflexible in faith— |u» Inclble in
BEACH & ROOT
Iff now IfffifiDg i fall Lin«(
SPRING GOODS,
INCLUDING
RAREGJi A NO LA IS,
ORGA.WDIKS,
PR/S TE1) JACOXKTS,
LA WES,
DE CHINES,
CHALL ICS,
SILKS,
PRISTS,
CISC HA MS
L.vuBoivmn,
LACES,
<tf., dt
1 large, ud
•trwbled th.ni.-lvi. iu pi nclaTe; proclaimed | w j,h th. guilty. Thi. .ingle non.id.r.tiou
the iicial and poliiir.l equality of the black j .hould be aufficieDt to diipoe. every peaceable
urned superiority over you . oitixen against .uch * government. But can
bs to Federalism and Liucotn, her gl"ry- I f. c , j n battle array, and in the contest were
renowned hallowed aseocintions will have do. j viotoriooa-tliue eanclioning and euslaining,
parted. Her name and fame will cbi.e with . by both a popular and electoral majority of the
her humiliation, and, like ancient Roma, her Northern vote, these enormities, with eertsin
classic bills and vales will soon be desecrated I assurance tbai they will be prosecuted in the
d white rui . B
tended with but little inconvenience, and with- j by putting you and your property under th. | wc believe that one State will ever .offer itself
out war and bloodshed. But it Virginia sue. j ban; brought ou'. their leader) met you face to j t<, be used aa a meana of coercion. The thing
is s dream, it is impossible.” The Constitution
was ratified by New York, but upon the ex
press condition that her people reserved the
right of resuming the powers delegated when
ever their happiness should require it. Virgi
nia accompanied her ratification with a similar
by Northern Goths, and Po?tority can but spurn
her imbecile 1 ass-ironi. May the Fates decree
otherwise!
JOT Connecticut has nearly 1,000 public
schools, and about luO.OOO children, between
the ages of four and sixteen. The Biate 1ms
a school accomodation for about 80,000 chil
dren, an animal expense of $400,000, or $o
to each child. The Average at’tndanco, how
ever, is bat little over 00,000.
par Albert Pike, of Arkansas, who, it will
be remembered, is a native of Massacn-etis,
has published a pamphelt addre^ed iu the
people of (be former SiAte. It bus for its
tills :** State of Province?—Bond or Free?”
He urges Arkansas and the Border States to
unite with the seceded States at once; and
says that, *• if any compromise is patched up,
somebody will be sold ”
Par A jury in Detroit has regarded a ver
dict of $5000 damages against Mr. Robert Ed.
wards, a farmer of Greet field, Mich., for oi>
oompliahing the ruin of Elix-tbetn Reed, a tirl
fifteen rears of age. The best of it is that Mr.
Edwards has property enough to satisfy the
verdict.
ttaT h lap dog reccently broghl $2,000 In
London by auction.
F atm iu vs. Sox.—Tbs BoHon Courier pro
duces the following extract from *u oration
delivered in Boston on the 4th of July, 1808,
by tbe father of Charles Sumner. The son of
bis father bad belter read it;
.. , **Therw is indeed no diversity of interest
In ooncert to the key note of hjpocracy and between the people of the South; and they
ri t * J f ‘‘ l are no friends to vit her Who endeavor to stim
ulate and embitter the one against the other.
Wbat If the SODS of Massachusetts rank high
en the roll of revolutionary fome ? The wis
dom and heroism for wbioh they have been
distinguiehsd will never permiuhem toiodulge
in inglorious boast. Ths independence and
liberty we poesesa are tbe result ot joint efforts
—of oo anno» dangers, sufferings and sucees-
t«e; and Qod forbid that those who have ev
ery motive o/ey at pat hy and interaat to adt io
eooeort, shea Id ever beeorae ths prey tf party
WelMriags .(Doeg ihera.elTt..’’
pliud.r, wbioh hu Imn pitch.d hr them.
ggf Pre»id«»t Dtvli b» appointed C.pt
Robert Jeeeljn — (he popular - Bob Joieljn"
of poetical end Meilean fame—,1 Ml prtr.'e
j) eretarr. II. 1e lb* iuihor .1 tho •• Young
Widow,'' ■'Olfl with (ho Collet Drott,” .od
other Mi.cl.iippi Slit, Lyric* Ho obtained
hi. brevet or Cipratv !■ rto horrio MJ or
Moiioo, it* dofoiud. for tho Uolied *l*too
Coogreai, and li known u th* “ Frio*, of
' ©oo J follow*" !*On| tho Jolly two*.
future with increased aggravstio
Are such wrongs to be endured ? Our people ! condition; and after all the other States bad
ratified the Constitution, Rhode Island acceded
to the Union and completed tbe galaxy, upon
the very terms on which the ratification ol
New York was accepted. If the government
was a consolidation, the?e reservations were
impossible The men who framed the Consti
tution and put tbe government into operation
regarded them as an indication of over caution,
e answered in the negative with one voice.
They were all for resistance in some form.— j
They only differed at to the mode and measure j
of redress, and the time of its application. A I
majority of the n despaired of repressing this
conflict in the Uniou, and were therefore pre '
pared to “repel it” out of the Union. To the j
minority, the voice of the State was as the <
voice of God ; they yielded a graceful and ready j because the very right reserved would necea-
obedience to the sovereign will, and gave their j sarily result from the nature of the compact,
pledge (which I doubt not they will nobly and ; They meant to enable these three Statea to re-
promptly redcoai) to defend their homes, and tain no right or privi ege which tbe others bad
all a freeman can hold dear with their “lives I not. This at once would have destroyed the
and fortunes.” In this measure we did notact j equality of tho States, and sapped tbe very
will be sold for
CASH.
fered.
March 4, 1861.
Goods hove ever Wvs of-
beach a uturr.
hastily—our forbearance had been long—our
endurance great. In 1850 we solemnly warned
our Northern confederates of the consequences
of auother ag^rcs*-i*>n upon our rights. This
warning they treated as the idla wind which
they regarded not, and by their action precip
itated a contingency upon the happening of
which our honor pledged us to resist. But even
under these circumstances we made a last ap
peal to them to acknowledge our rights and
guarantee us the protection for which we had
stipulated in the bond of our Union. This was
spurned, and we had recourse to our rei«rv#d
rights for oar future safety and protection. In
resuming these powers, while we hoped to have
peace, and coveted no armed conflict wJtb soy
of our late confederates, yet, if they so will it,
we ere prepared to meet end repel it. The
mode and measure of redress adopted by ua,
we respectfully maintain is neither revolution
ary or treasonable, but constitutional regular,
U-wdil;—and ahould therefore be peaceable.—
We know the law-abiding disposition ot your
people—we understand and trust, habitually
shariah with you a loyal submission anl dig-
vffled obedience to rightful authority—but only
to rightful authority ; for men who will not
defeod their rights and repel aggressions, wilt
render jnalioe to oUms. or moke faithful
foundations of the government: so that we
may conclude that these conditions were ac
cepted in good faith by each and all tbe States,
and tbe rights reserved by one enured equally
to each and all. But notwithstanding tbeae in
disputable facts in our history, a portion of tbe
party in the Convention who wished a stronger
government endeavored to accomplish, by in
direction, wbat they had fitilad to secure by
the use of open means; and soon after the gov
ernment went into operation they sought to
enlarge its powers by a latitudinarisn con
struction. They appealed to all the depart-
mentsof the government, and were successful
Id having tbeir interpretation adopted by the
legislative and judicial departments. The first
apportionment bill which treated the popula
tion o( the States ss a consolidated mass fell
under the Executive veto of General Washing
ton. The hext effort at coercion was made by
Mr. Edmund Randolph, then Attorney Gene
ral of the United States, wbo selected Georgia
aa his victim, and eetqthMe dwarf her sove
reignty by dragging her, for judgment, to the
foot stool of the lederal judiciary. She scorned
the olUmpV—refused by soy act of here to re-
cognise the supremacy of a jurisdiction she
had aidad fn ereklfng. Note oould be sqpd-
rior to sovereign power, tbe pet 1a ee appear-
er will I believe it until I
God!! Thle
«— “la no tuort jour eouutry ; but itn luplon
Crew of tnen, coneplrlnx to uphold their Stale
By worve than hostile deeds—defeat lug the eride I
For which jour countrj was a name so drar; ” \
and you are asked to contribute to tbe d«-gra ■
dat-'ou au<l ruin of those who are b *n«* of your !
bone and flesh ot yout flesh. You canuot and ,
you will not forget tbe “ noble dt-eds of daring
high ” of a common ancestry, whose blood en- j
riches and hsliowa every battlefield front Ger
mantown to New Orleans. But it has been
said that we shoulu wait! Our rights will be
conceded tj us in the Uuion—we can procure
further guaranties by constitutional amend
ment. The expectation is vain—time after
time, an acknowledgment of your rights has
been refused. There is no fault to be found
with the old Constitution—that wus amply
sufficient, if failbfully observed, for every
emergency ! No more saciel or biudiDg obli
gations can te devitel than those therein con
tained—but the cry ia still wait! Yes, wait
uutil the torch which is applied to your dwell
ing shall wrap it in flame*! Wait until the
assassin haa discharged the fatal contents of
tbe deadly blunderbuss now leveled at your
breast—wait until life is extinct and resistance
vain! While I appreciate the motives and
admire the talents of those tow engaged in a
patriotic endeavor to reconstruct the old Gov
ernment, I must be pardoned fur expressing the
belief that tht-ir "Conference" will end in
nothing—tbe people with whom they have to
deal have deceived us repeatedly. “That was
their fault.” We thank God we ate now fret
from them, aud if ever “they doceivaus agaiL*
it will be our fault.” Our people have no
doubt they may grant all that ia asked by the ]
border 81ave States? But hew wiJl they keep
their plighted faith? We can only judge of
the future by tbo past, and our experience
warns us against auother connexion. You
would have to reeducate them, to reform their
morals and change their very nature before we
could give them our confidence. Our separa
tion is final nud irrevocable.
night you have to choose between a
Northern alliance and a uniou with the new
born Republic—Tux Co.W'smcrate States or
America. You muy not come immeuialely,
but eventually, and I trust at no distant day
you will be with ua. Appeals have been made
to your fears—you have been urged to resist
this natural and homogenioua alliance for the
reason that it was the design of the cotton
States to reopen the foreign Slave Trade. Siuce
1798, the C institution of Georgia has prohibited
this traffic, uot because we believed it immoral
or unjust, but because we doubted its influence
upon our material interest#. No considerable
portion of our |>eople have ever favored the
policy of reviving il, while many of them have
been opposed to tbe federal legislation upon
that subject, lor the reason that they regarded
it as the exercise of powers not delegated, and
because of the stupidly • ruel and aevere pen
alties inflicted upon an act not intrinsically
wrong, but only rendered so by politic consid
erations. Desiring to assure you of our entire
sincerity in relation to the matter, our Con ven
lion instructed our delegates to the Southern
Congress to have this prohib tion inserted in
the Constitution for the new Conf.-deriey.—
This, I am hsppy to say. as you already kn<>w, j
haa been done. In this great movement we 1
prefer the cordial ctoperatiou of the border
Slave Statea to the doubtful profits of this com-
merce for all coming time. Go on. and e<»n- I
tinue to raise the supply of labor, and we will j
provide for our wants in your market. We ;
could bave influenced your action by prohibit- I
ing the introduction of your 8Uve« into our |
midst. We could have Increase d them in your
borders by tbit restrictive policy, until they j ° *
would have become werte than valueless to jnfi' PROMPT ATTENTION*
you. We were unwilling in constrain the ac
tion of a free people Wo were averse to in
Aiding loss snd injury uj on thoso who bad
nnverabowu uanughtbulk. duvss. We would
imply no doubt by our course, of the fidelity
and patriotism of our brethren. All your m«
terinl interests must be promoted by your apes-
dy union with us in the new government The
princely treasures which bave hitherto been
lavished With n generous hand upon uugrste-
ful New England, will be poured into your Up.
Your unappropriated water falls wilt resound
with the burn, and be made glad with Ike songs
of laborers. The music of the shuttle and the
loom will cheer tbe spirt#, and augment ths
comfort of your increase.1 and increasing pop.
ulation The idle will be employed, and the
unproductive become a valuable and produc
tive citisea. Diversity of pursuit* will bring
increased skill and production, and along with
them greater splendor and power. Your un
developed mineral resources will li« brought to
light, aod your uninhabited mown lain slopes
filled with a hardy and industrious people,
will imok. «Hl> Torfe! irid btlM wlrti form
M. Tb» bord.r. of C.n.d»wiUik.B mor.
J. W. II EWELL,
WRoLKSALS AND RKTilL PEiLKZ W
Fancy and Staple
DRY GOODS,
MARKHAM’S BLOCK,
Corner "Whitehall tc AlnbimaKth
ATLANTA, OEOl Qli
Feb. lfl-ly.
W. U. 1A1.1IS, • • X. r. FLSMI.VL • • JA1K
FLEMING
<fr CO*
WHOLESALE
Produce Dealer)
AND GENERAL
COMMISSION MERCIIIIT
MASONIC HALL BUILDING,
(Opposite Paanengrr Depot.)
ATLANTA, OrE
PAID TO
UStr FILLING ORDER*
LIBERAL ADVANCES
MADE OD. rONSIONM
BUSINESS TKANBACTED ON 18*
CASH SYST
K—JL—0—L—U—A— L-V- K -Ar-\
Price. Current meitrd to cnrofceti
MiA-b S, ISOl. 1 •
F IFTY barrel, ot rrln. Le.I Lietl!»
*nd for Ml. bjr
Jonel*
BUTLJB A