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■sATURD.vY , Oflobei 30, ISO 2.
(THE AUGUSTA CHRONICLE
A n o
GAZETTE O F THE Jp TATE.
IF REE D O M of the PRESS and TRIAL bv JU R Y shall remain Isolate. CmgMiio. of Georgia,
—— „
AUGUSTA: P«»»„ bv JOHN E. SMITH. . EA a the mArket. {[3 Dolls, per Annum.
A Lift of Defaulters in Columbia county ,
for the year 1802.
Capt. Whitcomb's Dijiricl .
George Worthy, Ralphard
Avaryr, John Partrick, John Sargeant,
James Puckett, William Wiifon, Arthur
Grady, Middleton Cone, Francis Bo
roughs, Benjamin Darling, David Piick
ett, Asa Savidge, Zachariah Savidge,
William Haufon, Zachariah Corfey,
John Garnett, jun. j fuh Underwood,
Ramon Boroughs, Miles Edwards, Arnos
Mitchell, William Breant, Danian M‘
Neir,
Capt . Culbreath's DiflriEl.
Juhn Ledlce, Richard Boothe, Brad
ley Garner, Ecachem Owens, Charles
Crawford, jun. Thomas Beal, Abraham
Pearre, Caleb RuiTcll, Stephen Liles,
James Bayard.
Capt. Meriwether's DiflriEl.
Walhington Jennings, Edward Gar
nett, Joseph Sharp, Douglass Brown,
William Mimms, Charles Worlham, Le
muel Dixon, William Meriwether, John
Dixon, Richard P. White,* Reuben Gar
nett, John King, Robert Ta.ikeifl/, 1
Jcffe Lively, Daniel Corfey, James Ed- |
roundfon, Snodcn Griffin, Henry Thomp
fpn.
Capt, Willingham's Dijiricl.
Jofe'h Owens, John Walls, Miller
Mur!i, Stephen Hargroves, Wm, Beck,
lf.ewis Ghafteen, Il'aac Jones, Aaron
Wilobcy, Meriman Cook.
Capt , Ford’s DiflriEl.
J. Trammel, Samuel Lazenbrey, Jo
seph Johnson, John Booker, William
Hannon, W. Bracher, William Brown,
Samuel Benton, Solomon Ellis, jun. Je
remiah Perryman, J ha Willingham, fen.
John G. Willingham, jun.
Capt. Wilkins's DiflriEl.
Bat. White, James Shaw, William
Crane, John Jones, James Carrol, James
Finney, El’as Longhorn, Record Burks,
James Ross, Amos Thomas, Daniel
Smith, Joab Spivy, Jcfle Durden, Geo.
Tulks, JofcphCobb, fen. Charles Shaw,
William Large, John Large, Cornelius
Gibson, Robert MGenney, William
Zachery, Isaac Lne, Philip Walker, Jo
nathan Carter, Vo!. Atkinson, David
Hay.
Capt, Drant’% DiflriEl.
John Tabour, fen. Zadock Magruder,
Anthony Smith, Clabourn Alfobrack,
Benjamin Durden, Thomas Wcltby, Leo
nard Martin, George Darsey, 1
Harp, John Reave, David Welch, Wm,
Ray, Michael Dunagy,
Capt. Ayrt's DiflriEl .
Jacob Groathoufe, Charles Devon*,
fen. Edward Short, Thomas Shields,
William Fuller, Abraham Fuller, E!e
inucl Howard, John Hill, Geo. Thomp
son, John Nickfon, William Stone,
George Smiihers, John Clark, Parks
Bacon, Charles Caller.
4 Capt. Stith's DiJiriEl,
Levin Magee, William Pool, Gabriel
Baker, Jonas Totton, John Wade, Ben
jamin Reece, Joseph Smith, Martin
Haife, James Tapper, John Neelaod,
Clement R. Harrifun, Wm. Todd, Jcf
fc Jones, Laten Lewis, Britain Lewis, So
lomon Henfm, Joseph Baker, John
Race, E'ijah Granade, Z idock Edwards,
John Mash.
Capt, Baldwin's DiflriEl.
William Linch, Wm. Sharp, Richard
Moore, Adam Scott, Peter Ryan, Ri
chard North, Kham Moore, William
North, James North, Thomas Jenkins,
T m. Morriffon, Theodious Bell, Jtffc
Stubbs, Samuel Stubbs, Charles Lynn,
Haniel Weft, Hugh Bracher, Thomas
Phillips, James Wiifon, William John
son, Richard Jones, John Jones, Wiili-
Clabourn, John Harmon, Michael
Coftlcjr, Jeremiah Griffin.
Capt. Edmundfon's DiflriEl. 1
Robert Huggins, William Nettles,
John Kendrick, Doffcn Calh, Paten
Worthy.
W. FLEMING, P. T. R._
Blank Deeds of Conveyance
(or fait at this Office.
The following excellent Address, suppos
ed to come from the pen of Dr. Eustis,
one ot the Members of Congress irom
Mifrachutert, though add relied to the
People Ot that State, will, we doubt
not, be read with pleafarc by the citi
zens of Georgia, and thofc of every
other State in the Union.
To the People of MaJfachufettSy on the
repeal of the Taxes.
IF any one measure adopted by the
present Administration has a claim to pre
eminence in the public eflimation, it is the
repealing of the Excise Laws, or as they
are more generally termed, the Internal
Taxes. Among the belt proofs of this
truth, is the intemperate railing of the
Oppofuion. They levied these taxes. If
it was right to lay them, it is wrong to
aboliih them. Their characters are at is
sue; and, like desperate gamcllers, they
Hake the lall remnant of their reputation
to retrieve the whole. In the found and
truly federal policy of abolilhing this com
plicated, unequal and opprdlive fyrtem of
[ Excise (when rightly understood) they
anticipate the lalt and fatal blow to their
expiring influence. Hence their desperate
efforts to misrepresent one of the plaincll
rranfaCtions which can be offered to com
mon underloadings.
In'order to form a correfl judgment on
this fubjeCt, it will be ufeful to call a re
trospective eye over the pall. When the
formation of a Federal Constitution was
in contemplation, neither the Delegates
to the Convention, nor the People who
elected them, entertained an idea, that
the Federal Government Ihould be vested
with the power of levying taxes, except
ing by impost. Many intelligent citizens
were of opinion that even the import should
be limited to five per cent. On an oppo
sition to granting even this five per-cent,
import, Mr. King, our minirter at Lon
don, grounded his rirft popularity in Mas
sachusetts ; and so did Mr. Stephen Hig
ginfon of Burton. To lay Excises and Di
rect Taxes, was at that time deemed an
important right, which ought to be re
served to the State Governments, and
which was actually exercised by them.
When a concurrent right to lay Excites
and Direct Taxes was fuggclted, and ac
tually inferred among the po*vers of the
Federal Government, it formed and was
urged as an objection to the adoption of
the con dilution.
Independent of the general wifn of the
people, that this mode of taxation should
be reserved to the States exclusively, it
was forefeen that two concurrent jurildic
tions over the fame fourccs of revenue,
were generally impolitic and inconsistent
—that, after a conflict of influence, the
(Longer power would eventually prevail
over the weaker—that the State Govern,
ments mult yield to the Federal. Such
has been the refute of experiment. The
State of Maffadiuietts repealed her Excise
on carriages and licenses, soon after that
of the Federal Government came into ope
ration on the fame articles.
In the power “ to lay and collect Ex
cites,” which was veiled in the Federal
Government, men of political experience
and dtteernment fortfaw the circle of taxa
tion extended, not merely to goods im
ported from foreign countries, but to eve
ry article of family ute, whether of fo
reign or domeitic manufacture, and as a
neeeffary contequence, they anticipated a
holt of officers, authorised to enter their
manufactories, workihops and dwelling
houfes, every day and ejvery hour of the
day, to taice account of their Hock, and
collect the taxes laid on their property,
'without being accountable to the laws oj
the State. Here lay the root of their ob
jeteion, the reasonable and well-founded
jealousy ot a people who undcritand free
dom in a practical sense. To what extent
this power might be carried, they could
not know ; but they did know, for ex
perience had taught them, that nothing
was so liable to be ahmed as Power j and
the power to place centinels and tax-gt
GEORGIA.
therers over their dwellings and occupa
tions, with inquisitorial authority, was
never palatcable to the people of Maffa
chofetts.
Another and not an unimportant con.
fcqueace was forefeen, in the excrcife of
this power. A multiplication of officers,
with a ccfnfequent mcreafe of officers, by
the Federal Executive, mult, in process
of time, give to that Executive an influ
erlce not limited to the immediate object
of appointments, incompatible with, and
finally deftruCtiveof the elective franchise;
? ‘in influence which in its various and ex.
i tensive cifeCts mud tend to sap the foun
dation of Government, and render the
Executive office perpetual.
In answer to these objections, and to
quiet these apprehensions, it was urged by
the party who afluraed to theinfelves the
character ot Federalilts, that the Impoll
was the great fourcc of revenue on which
the Federal Government would depend,
and which would prove adequate to the
national exigencies; that Excises and Di
rect Taxes would never lie retorted
exccpt.in time of actual war, or on fume
equally pressing occasion. On the faith
ot such declarations, and in a zeal to e
ttablifh a National Government, the Re
publicans, who at that time (us well as
the present) conditatcd thrcclourths of the
qualified voters in the State, gave alfcat
and life to the conilitailion.
The period in which the wary poliri.
cian knows that fear will fubfidc and pub
lic vigilance Humber, was scarcely fuller
ed to elaple, when the Excite fyitem was
ulhered into being, and that in a time of
peace, and without any apparent nccellky.
Like a culprit in good company, it was
smuggled into our law-books, on the cre
dit ot its authenticator, meeting a cold
civility from his friends, and the veto of
a few honeil men. Having been once c
llablilhcd, the fyllem has progrefled in re
gular gradation, as fad as the apathy of
the People, and the cupidity of the admi
nistration, have dictated. How soon it
would have been extended to every article
which ad ninideis to the case and comfort
of life, may be conjectured from the rapid
ftridcs already made in our infant country,
and the examples of countries farther ad
vanced in the modern art of taxation.
How long the right of fulfrage would have
extded in purity, or in fafety, under the
blighting influence of this Tingle branch
of Executive patronage, vve are no longer
tortured to conjecture.
From this view of thefubject, and with
these consequences resulting from the fy-
Item, a reformation was demanded, by
the principles of civil liberty, and by the
genius of tiie conltitution. To reform,
was neither more nor Id's than to alAjh
the taxes, by repealing every law which
related to them. It was ncceifary that
the practice under the conflitu.ion (hould
he brought back, and rendered conforma
ble to the sense and interpretation which
was originally given it; to Amplify the
Government, in order that the people
might, through the Adminillratkm, have
one glimpse at “ thole manners, feelings
and principles," for which they fought a.id
bled, and by which they expected to be
governed, when they adopted the conlli
tution ; that the Executive (hpuld no
longer derive an artificial fuppom which
the cor.flitution abhors j that hundreds of
Excifcmen, who were eating the public
bread, (hould return, from habits of indo
lence, to eat bread of their own labour ;
that Manufacturers, if they were not fo
ftered by the Government, (hould at lealt
be freed from fetters; and above all, that
the Elective Franchise should be no,longer
adulterated by the poifott of Executive
patronage .
The Administration who have hpd the
courage to make this reformation, the Ex
ecutive who has dtfeovered the .virtue
willingly to rest on its own basis, diverted
of artificial props of its own raifinb, are
held up to you as oh j efts of fcfpictbo, if
not of reproach ! Paafe, my com try men ;
lay a fide all refenenaent, banish parry con-
I
M [Vol. XVir. No. SjSJ
h.*. 'v • *4' '■>' U- ? *
u
Alterations* and a(k yotirfcl ves what yo
have gained, and wh.it you have li ft ? 400
Excifemen have 101 l their places ! Is this
a cause ot mourning for a nation of free
men ? 400 ohjecls of competition are re -
moved. Is this prejudicial to the public,
tranquility? So many Ihcasns of Execu
ti vc patronage arc dried up. Who but of
fice-lechers have occasion to complain r
What have the people 101 l ? They an; li
berated from a system unfavorable to the
caufc of. freedom. One million of dollars
(the sum which may he fairly ellimated as
tiie amount of what the people paid direft
ly or indiredily on account of thc/c taxes)
inft.cad of being thus paid, is now retain
ed in the pockets of ihofc who have labor
ed for it, to be applied in their own way
to their own uses, ‘Who is injured ? Lye
him (peak. Is the public creditor defraud -
ca ? Does he, not receive his intcrelf punc
tually, or his principal as soon as it be
comes due ? Mas so simple a provilion ever
before been made for the national debt ?
The price of the Hocks anfwcrs every ob
jection, and liieiucs every murmur ®n.
this head.
Is “ the common.defence”' (nfufltelent,
or “ the general
tor ? Arc the frontiers not well defended ?•
Do you require largergarrffohs on thefca
b6ard ? Is commerce unprotected ? Far
mers, mcrchams, manufacturers, mecha
nics, men of politick! fcienac, anfwcr thefh
plain queltions, then turn your attention
to those who clamour; fee who'they any
mark well their characters, and draw your
own condulion?.
liul, iiiier, sill, these arc pot the queftL
ons. it Is on the prtnctpja that the op
poßtion object. It Is dll th<| principle that
the repu’qlKan.s ground iljeir junification,
'idle theory with which the federally
really view the corillitutlop, and their
praCtioe’uitder if, proceeding ftqp by step
towards a favorite point ary detected
reprobated—Their fyfteni of patronage and
influence, w'e will not fay tneir barter aud
fate of the right of fuftrage, yve (may*
be permitted to call it their jyjtem of ar m
tijiciul influence, tending tocurriiption, t\
broken up., Here is, the wound given fp
ambition, a deadly wound, winch rankles
in the heart of taction,, aqd envenoms tlyf
whole corps of ariilycrucy, Defeated,
difappoioted and exposed in their flatter,
ing project ot intrbdqcing tlyis aristocratic
fyifem of Exceptive teilucpce, under the
fpeciyus guile of fcderaiifm, they arc;now
attempting to divert yy-ir attention, fete
lo.v-citiv.tus, from the, great one, ft ten be
tween the two parties, Kdmfant to myej;
the principle, and un’ablij' to’ defend itl
they faun tiie difcuiiion of its merits, and
apply thcmldves to ihe avarice, to fhs
wcakr.cfs with which they know the hu
man nature .they, ypgeaj to your
prejud ces, and would cover your judg
ment with ddufton. Wu!i an effrontery
unparalitied in the hiftory of parties, they
arc endeavouring, by popular clamour and
mifreprefentatjuus, td disgust you with a
Free Government of your own adoption,
and divide you from tiie au
thorities of your own choice.
Attend to their objections,, and Jn a
moment tlicit (hort-lived, lhadowy
euce will vanish like a dream. Thcijiiirjt:
and great objection is, that all the Reve
nues of the country, whether of import,
tonnage, or excite, arc nbt more than
adequate to del ray the nariirial expenses,
and provide for the public debt; that-the
infernal taxes ought not: have been abo
lished, because they w’crc ncceffiiry tp tiie
payment of that debt. And ycr, in .the
fame the fame party propefe a
repeal ot tiie duties on fait, on the low
priced teai, and on fug tr and codec, a
inouncing to a m ich larger sum !
If they did ready believe that the Inter
nil taxes coaid not be dispensed with,
could they be willing to repeal the duties
on imported articles of great amount ?,Hut
fay they, the duties on sugar, e i and tof
fee, fall on the poor—-VVha laid those
burthens on the poor? Who have froqi
time to time iu.reated these .burthens op