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yoL. L
the Tayal Genrgian.
T AUGUSTA, €A., MARCH 190, 1866
LUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY MORNING
by the
@ E. R. Publishing Association.
[HOMAS P. BEARD, Agent
(fice, corner of Jackson & Ellis Sts., Augusta, Ga.
TERMS OF SU’BSCR‘IPTION:
One year...cccssesesnescenes 3 00
Rix Monthesisetuneeriisaivis]l T
Always in advanée, -
RATES OF ADVERTISING :
For one Square of Ten Lines, one in
sertion, $1 00; for each subsequent in
sertion, 50 cents, ;
A liberal discount made to yearly, half
garly, sod quarterly advertisers. Ad
yertisements .conspicuously placed by
special agreement.
Address, Key Box 169, Augusta, Ga.
AVERTISE!
To out patrons both white and colored,
we offer the very best terms to advertise
"m our eolumns, Our circnlatign is daily
increasing, and will soon be read by 20,
000 iuhabitants of this State, and otbers.
Asamedinm for White Men doing busi
ess to present their cards before their
colored patrons, it stands unsurpassed,
and we commend their special attention
’to the subject. Give us your advertise
ments and let the world know what you
bave to dispose of.
The following gentlemen are autherized
Agents for the Counties named :
L B Toomer, Chatham co, Savannah.
r Peter Hlouston, for Union League, at
Savarnah.
Wm Harris, Warren co, Warrenton.
Heory Nelson, Wilkes co, Washington.
Wm Fioch, Clark co, Athens.
E C Powers, Green co, Greensboro.
8 McAlister, Morgan co, Madison.
Rev F Quarles, Fulton co, Atlanta.
Rev H Strickland, Cobb co, Marictta
Lewis Smith, Bibb co, Macon.
T Rbodes, Muscogee ¢o, Columbus.
W Simon, Sen. Columbia, S C.
Rev H M Jurner, Traveling Agent.
PRESIDENT JOHNSON'S VIEWS
AND POLICY. '
Wasningron, Feb. 26, 1866.
The following important letter was
read to-night by Governor Cox, of Qhio,
to the Representatives in Congress from
that State :
‘WasnincTon, Monday, Feb, 26.
‘General George B Wright, Chairman
Uvion Central Committec, Coluwbus,
Obio :
Dear Sir: On -Saturday last I had
luterview with the President which I
regarded as of sufficient importance to
reduce to writing my remembrance of
bis Statemeats while fresh in my memory,
I waited upon him this morning’ to make
knownwhat I had done, to ask bis veri- 1
fieation of the truth of my report, and
his consent to make the same kuown to
the country, He frankly gave his con-
Sent, and agsented to the accuracy of my
report. :
‘The President said he Had no thoughts
he way ot willing to avow; that bis
pohqy bad simply aimed at the eailiest
possible restoraiion of peace on the
g“d" of loyalty. No Congressional policy
f‘ ever been adopted ; ‘and, aud, there
ho.r'e, When he entereq upon the duties of
h}s office he wag chliged to add’ione of 1
t;:;wam. He had, in some sens nheri= |
thou 2 of Mr. Lincoln, 'with which
m‘m be agreed; and that was sub
Wi %e one he had ‘carried out.
e é:?t:u bad no jugt ground of com
i ke bad done so, for they had
e te"“ it to declare their views, or
eouli:i bl"y Utasures embodying ‘what
Myvic Calleq o policy of restoration,
of mmt:“fled that no long continuance,
Red th“ythi":i?&ment ?;nld _'b?dtoler;-
e country would prop-
Iye :::nnd the restorafiony of trulf civil
Rous %“ti and to give it to lately re
fily ates would be an admission of
" of the administration of the |
l party which carried through the war to
i prove themselves equal to the exigencies
PO ..
‘The work of destruction was over. and
rebuilding had begun. Military govern
went aloue would not pacify the South.
At the end of a long period of such gov
ernment we would be no nvearer and
probably not so near the end as now, and
would have the same work to do. Hence
there is a real necessity for the adoption
of a policy which should restore ecivil
government just as soon as the rebellion
should be thoroughly ended, and those
cunditions accepted by the South which
were t 0 be regarded as absolutely ueces
sary to the peace of the country = The
proper system of pacification should be
‘one which tended every where to stimu.
late the loyalty of the South rather than
o impose upon them laws and conditions
by direct external force.
~ ‘Thus, in the case of the Freedmen’s
Bureau, h> was not against the idea of
the bureau 22 oto, for he had used it,
aud was still usinglt, . It might continue
for a period of more than a year; but
he had contemplated that either by procs
lamation of his own, or by some action
of Congress, the condition of peace and
tecbnical end of the rebellion would prob
ably be declared at some period not very
remote; as he understood the present
law, the bureau might continue a year
from that time, Meanwhile, he could
say to the South, it depends on yourselves
to say whether the bureau shall be dis—
continued at an early day, for I will put
an end to it just as soon as you, by pros
tection of the freedmen, make it unneces
sary, Tkus the hope cf getting rid of
the institution stimulates them to do
right, while they are not disecuraged
by the idea that there is no hcpe of aid
from what they regard as a sort of mili~
tary government. If, on the other hand,
the bureau were made permanent by
legislation, all the objectiong he bad
urged in his messago applied in full force
to it; and instead of encouraging the
South to loyalty, would tend to make the
hatred of the government invcterate.
‘The same principle of stimulating
loyalty was shown in the manner he had
beld martial law over them. Whenever
they should show that martial law was
not needed, it thould be removed. Their
own conduct would then determine the
matter, and the curnest desire aud interest
of all the best people be increased to
obey the law, because by so doing they
would hasten the withdrawal of inter
ference of the military arm in their affairs.
in precisely the same way he had acted
in regard to civil affairs generally in that
sestion. - Regarding 1t as necessary to
impose couditions upon the rebellious
Statcs which would guarantce the safety
of the country; and regarding the exist~
ing affairs of the government as having
disqualified themselves by their treason
for continuauce in power, he deposed
them, and established provisional govern~
ments.
‘Then he asked himself whbat condi
tious ought to be demanded of them, and
how their disposition to accept them in
good faith might be stimulated by those
conditions, namely ;—Amendment of the
State constitutions, cxcluding slavery;
acceptance of the same amendment of
the Constitution of the United States;
repudiation of the rebel debt, and ad
mission of freedmen to various rights,
&e. To stimulate them to accept these
conditions, bewng such as, using his best
judgment, and in the absence of anv Con
gressional plan he tnought the nearest
right of any he could frame, he engaged
that on the acceptance, with evidence of
good faith, he would permit them to reor
ganize their State governments, elect
legislatures, &e.,and so far as Kxecutive
acts could do, would restore them to
their positions in the Union of the States.
They had so far accepted his conditions
that he regarded the experiment a sucs
cess. He bad accordingly recognized the
Post Office Depsrtment among them, and
reopened trade and removed the restric—
tions thereon, through the Treasury De~
partment, and in like manver in all the
Executive Departments, reorganized
them as States in the Union, only keep
ing enough military bold to protect the
freedmen, and to induce them to do
something more thoroagh in that direc—
tion.
~ ‘Now, but one thing remained in which
those States did not exercise the full
rights of States, and that was represen-~
tation in Congress. In this he had ad
vised that the same principle of stimula
ting . loyalty be applied as in other re
spects named. He would adwis only
such Representatives as are in fact loyal
men, giving safisfactorz ev.xdence of this.
W henever a State or Distriet sent a loyal
man, properly elected and guah‘fied,, he
would think it right to admit him the
Augusta, Ga,, Saturday, March 10, 1866.
| same as if from any other State, and he
would admit none but such loyal men, so
that other States or Districts might be
induced to send similar mer.. ' When Ihey
bad all done this, their represeutation
would be full, and thé work woula be
dobe; ‘s !
‘Such wae the plan. He did not ask
to be a judge of eections, or of the
qualifications of members of Cougress,
or ot their loyalty.” Congress was its
~own judge, and he had no dream of ins
terfering with ‘its covstitutional rights,
| but he telt like wrging uron tbem and
'upon the country that this mode of finish
itg the work, sonesily completed in other
respects, was the ouly feasible one which
had been presented, snd that it wes im
possible to ignore the fact that the States
were exercising their rights and enjoy
‘ing their privilages withio the Union;
were, in short restored in all other re
spects, and rhat it:is too late to gques
tion the fundamental right of representa
‘tion. 4
‘I then remarked to him that I heard
it suggested that legislation could prop
erly be made by Congress, purely eivil in
its character, providing for the protec
tion of the freedmen by the United States
courts, of iuferior jurisdiction, in all
cases where the States did not do so them.
selves. ‘
. ‘He replied that sugh an idea would
run exactly parallel to his plan, but he
had not thought 1t yet time to fix his
own ideas of the precise mode of aceom«
plishing this, and because we had a mar
gin of time lasting till after the next
session of Congress, .during which the
present Freedi.en’s ]?tureau could con~
tinue in operation. If, hefore that time,
the Southern States should recognize the
necessity of passing proper laws thema
selves and of providing a proper system
of protection for the frecdmen, nothing
further, on our part, wouli be necessary.
It thcy did not do what they ought,
there would then be time enough to elabo
rate a plan. ;
‘He then referred briefly to the fact
that men have been rejoicing over his
veto message, saying that if these men
in good faith adopted the views of his
policy, which he had hiwself held and
and acted upon, and which he had so
fully elaborated in bis annual message
and explained to the country, surely he
could have no cause for sorrow in that.
If disloyal men und rebels everywhere,
North aud South, should cordially give
their adherence to the conditions of
restoracion he had wniformly insisted
upon, he thought that was precisely the
kind of pacification loyal men everywhere
would rejoice in, The more they were
committed to such a course the better he
would like it, for if they were not sincere
they would at least diminish their power
of dangerous opposition in the future
His whole hear: was with the body of
true men who had carried the country
through the war, and he earuestly desired
to mamntain a cordial and perfect under
standicg with them. This sentiment
and purpose he regarded as entirely con
sistent with a determined opposition to
the obstruction policy of the extremists,
who, as he believed, would keep the coun
try in chdos untii absolute ruin might
come upon us. |
‘Such, my dear sir, is the statement of
the Piesident ou this important wmatter,
and if you could meet his straight-for j
ward, honest look, and hear the hearty
tones of his voice, as I did, [ am welt
assured you coull believe with me that,
although he may not receive personal as
sault with the forbearance Mr. Lincoln
used to show, there is no need to fear
that Audrew Johnson isnot sineere in
his adhersion to the principles upon which
he was elected.
‘Very truly yours,
[Signed.] “J. D. Cox.”
A SOUTHERN LETTER.
Wicmneron, N. C Feb., 4, 1866.
To she Editor of the Christian Inquirer:
I cannot bctter reply to your letter
than by relating the events of this moru
ing. The day was cloudy and cold; but
at 9 o’clock we repaired to the new Sun«
day-school for colored children, recently
opened, and named the Howard school,
and situated in the upper part of the
town On the way we were obliged .to
climb over long lines of intrenchments,
thrown up when the place was io the pos.
session of the rebels, who feared that
Gen. Burnside would approach from
Newbern and attack the city. They
stretch away, far as the eye can see, 1=
dicating by their height and magnitude
the earnestness with which the great con
test was carried on—a contest which,
while it stirred the heart of the nation,
North and South, ploughed deep furrows
into the solid earth. T n
Upon entering the »oom, which was
built for soldiers’ barracks, but recently
was refitted to serve the double purpose
of a schoollfouse and a church, we found
one hundred and seventy-five colored
children and young people assembled to
engage in the Sunday school service.
With wbat alacrity they joined in the
Lo:d’s Prayer, and in singing a Sunday~
school hymn ! And then, as we read from
the New Testament, how eager the ins
terest with which they listened | Having
| but five teachers, it was necessary to di
vide the whole school into five classcs.
- The classes were large, but the teachers
found pupils as eager to learn as they
~were to impart. The soil itself seemed
t) ask for the seed of truth which should
‘grow and ripen fruit of peace and righte
ousness. At the close of the Sundays
school, the children amd a number of
adults who had come in, joified in a
regular church service. It was pleasant
to look upon that coogregation, unitin
with such hearty geal in the prayer ans
the sioging of bymus, and listening to
the sermon, which frequently elicite«f res
sponses from their sympathetic lips.
These are the new-made freedmen, who
are, in unmistable ways, showing their
fi'ness for tne possession of the rizhts of
the rights of the free, and thejr hnnaor
and thirst for xuow]edge and improve
ment. When has the world witnessed
such an example as they have shown?
What other race has beefi so gentle, so
doeile, so eager to improve and to qualify
itself for citizenship, and for all the privi
leges and respounsibilities of civilizeg life,
as this poor, despised African race?
Returning, T entered St. Paul’'s Chmeh
and found * Bisbop Atkinson preachin
to seveuty-five colored people who ha§
gathered vo organize an Episcopal society.
It was apn intelligent, goodslooking as.
sembly, though composed mostly of young
people and cluldren.
Besides the two societies of colored
people already mentioned, there are in
the eity four others, of which two are
Methodist, one is Baptist, and one is
Presbyterian FEach has its Sunday
school, and connected with each is a day
school, and an evening school for adults.
The colorcd people of Wilmington
seem ecarnestly desirous of improving
themselves, and are making rapid strides
in social, intellectual, aud moral culiure.
They are open to the best efforts of Chris
tian instruction, and they know how to
value reason and commonssense. lam
coufident that Liberal Christianity is
caleulated to meet a great want, and will
doa mighty work among these people.
They take kindly to it and easily under
stand it, and is influaence through them on
society at large and the great future of
this land, will be incalculable., Let our
Gospel be put into their hands and hearts
at ouce.
But I bave no space left to speak of
the state of opiuion and feeling bere re
specting public affairs, of the condition
and requirements of the white population,
nor of the special interests of education
and religion. But of these at another
time. ; a. T
Praver IN (Conxgress.— I trust that
the readers of these letters will not con~
sider it as speaking indeeorously if 1 en
deavor to lay before them the appearance
of the House during prayers. At twelve
o'elock precisely, the Speaker’s hammer
falls, and the chaplain, a medium-sized,
spare man, som. forty-five years of age,
with a bigh narrow forehead, long black
bair, brushed bagk over the erown, balfs
concealing a hemisphere of - baldness,
rises to supplicate a blessing. The theory
is that all the members, who may be in
their seats, rise also; but in practice
they do ‘quite the rewarse, as Uaptaiu
Cuttle would say. An averag: of some
fifteen stacd up; ten anll sometimes as
many as twelve assume a devational at
titude. I countzd one morning eight who
pretended to be in devotion, but who,
from my look-out in the galleries, I dis
covered were reading the morning papers;
twenty-one at the same time were loung:
ing about; seventeen were engaged in
writing, and three groups, who bad been
in conversation when the Speaker’s haw
mer arrested thews, were again engaged
in earnest colloquy, while numbers who
had come in while the prayer was in pro
gress were clustered about the door. If
it is asked why I employed myself in this
way, during the momenis devoted to
prayer, I give the obvious and pertinent
reply, of the rustic, who, attending
church, when the whole congregation ex
cept himself were dissolved in tears, ex
cused himself for his apparcat insensibili
ty ty pleading that he did not belong to
that parish.-—Boston =~ Commercial’s
Wash. Cor. :
One is spared from being a tool in so
cicty when he is a model there. oheloh
/ ¢ .
JAMLES PARKS
WISH ES to inform the Citizens of Augusta
that he is prepared to dray with 7 drays
avd can do it promptly and with dispatch. Can
be found at Phinizy & Clayton’s Warehouse on
Reynold Street. 1I
Just Published,
THE BLACK MAN, a beok of 300 pages,
“eoutaining biographical sketches of all the
celebrated colored.men that have lived in thisand
the last century. Price per copy $1 2s.
Copies can be procured at my residence on
Marbugy Street, near Springfield Church.
5 J B.SMITH. °
AbeO M L R
INFORMATION WANTED,
UF HOWARD SATTAWHITE, was in Sa
vannah when last heard of He left there
some time in November last for Grahamasville, S,
C. He was a drummwer in the 103 d regiment. U
S. C. T Any information of his whereabouts
will be thankfully, received by his father at this.
office. JOHN SATTARWHITE.
In the Press.
THE entire Procecdings of the Freedmen’s
Convention of Georgia, ¢ontaining the ad
dresses of General Tillson and Captain J, E.
Bryant on the occasion Orders for copies may
be left at the office of this paper, corner of Jack
son and E'lis Streets. ; :
Country Produce.
“fE have opened a store on Walker Street,
No. 136, near the Georgia Railroad Pas
senger Depot, where we will keep a constant
supply of Country Proauce, such as Chickens,
Eggs, Butter, Lard, Meal, Tallow, Wax, Ches
nuts, &c , &e.
16 KENT, COTTON & Co-
INFORNATION WANTED
(’ }F Caroline Barnwell, formerly belonging tc
Mr. Kingstou, at Calhoun Ga.. has not been
heard of in two years. Any information of her
whereabouts will be thankfully received at this
office. MARIA JENKINS.
B A(KSMITH WORK.
JOSEPH K. WILLIAMS is now prepared
to execute any kind of Blaecxsmith Work a$
shortest notiee. Country people would do well
to give him a oa'l as he iz master of all plantation
work., He can be found at his :hop, cormer of
Jackson and Boundary streets.
THE UNDERSIGNED respeetfully informs the
g public that they can have any kind of
TURNING done at Nelson’s Bobbin Factory,
near the Augusta Factory. :
Any person favoring me with a Job, will have
it attended to at shortest notice and in the neatest
style.
);10\'.25—1m. S. INGRAHAM.
Brickmasonry !
THE UNDERSIGNED respectfully informs
his frie: ds and the Colored Public generally,
that he is now prepared to do any kiod of BRICK
WORK at the Colored Cemetery, such as Vauit=
ing up Graves, repairing the Brickwork around
tombs, enclosing Squares, ete., etc., in the neatess
style and at the shortest notice, at one third of
the usumal price. Call and see me at the Colored
Cemeterv
nov.2s—lm JOHN GARDINER.
WA: KER & GREEN,
Bricklayers & Plasterers.
ORDERS left at the GLOBE HUTEL will be
_J promptiy attended to. !
27
ABRAHAM MALLORY,
LACKIMITH & WHEELWRIGHT.
: onthe .
HARRISONVILLE ROAD,
VVHERE sny'hing .a my line will ®e
promptly attended to at cheap rates.
N v
PETER M’LAIN
HAfi always on band,
FRESH MEATS,
BEEF AND
PORK
for the speecial accommodation of his up town
friende, He can be found at his old stand on
GREEN ST, where be would be glad to see and
wait upon bis friends.
GROCERIES! GROCERIES!! GROCERIES !!
at
WM. HALE'S,
0 < 4 . 34
'WASHINGTON SIREEL T
[A few dours from BEROAD.]
YOU e¢an always find a choice supply of
Groeeries of every description, anu at the
lowest price possible.
[NARPER & LADEVEZE,
‘ DEALERS IN
PIC’!’URE FRAMES, TASSELS, CORD
and NAILS, LOOKING GLASS, PIC-,
I'URE GLASS. e
Also, VIOLINS and Violin STRINGS, efc.
A Supply always on hand.
M . PP”Y I:o y 32 WcINTOSH ST.,
nov. 0 —llw * Opposite Pogt Office. -
NO. 8.