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THE ATLANTA GEORGIAN AND NEWS.
UlESIMV. OECEMUEl
C.ntinutd from Preceding Page.
trrr^ in this country Ih the question
of the public health. At last the public
mind is awahe to the fact that many
diseases, notably tuberculosis, are na
tional scourges. The work of state and
city boards of health should be supple
tnented by a constantly increasing In
terest on the part of the national gov
ernment. The congress has already
provided a bureau of public health and
lias provided for a hygienic laboratory.
There aro other valuable laws relating
to the public health connected with the
various denarlmenta. Thla whole
branch of the government should bo
strengthened and aided In every way.
Governmental Commistione.
"I call attention to two government
commissions which I have appointed
and which have already done excellent
work. The first of these has to do
with the organisation of the aclentlflu
work of the government, which has
grown up wholly without plan and Is
In consequence so unwisely dletrlbuted
among the executive departments that
much of Ita effect Is lost for the lack of
proper co-ordination. This commis
sion's chief object la to Introduce a
,planned and orderly development and
operation In the place of the Ill-assort
ed and often Ineffective grouping and
methods of work which have prevailed
This can not be done without legisla
tion, nor would It be feasible to deal In
detail with so complex an admlnlatra-
tlva problem by specific provisions of
law. I recommend that the presides
be given authority to concentrate re.
leted lines of work and reduce dupli
cation by executive order through
transfer and consolidation of lines of
work.
“The second committee, that on de
, -partment methods, was instructed to
•Investigate and report upon the changes
needed to place tha condurt of the
executive force of the government on
(the most economical and effective bu
lls In the light of the best modern busi
ness practice. The committee has made
very satisfactory progress. Antiquated
practices and bureaucratic ways have
been abolished, and a general renova
tion of departmental methods haa been
Inaugurated. All that can be done by
executive order haa already been ac-
compllehed or will ba put Into effect
' In the peer future.
Remedy Delicti,
"The work of the main committee
and Ita several aeeletant committees
has produced a wholesome awakening
on tha part of the great body of offi
cers and emptdyeea engaged In govern
ment work. In nearly every depart
ment and office there haa been a care
ful self-inspection for the purpose of
remedying any defects before they
could be made the subject of adverse
criticism. This has ted Individuals to
a wider study of the work on which
they were engaged, and this study has
resulted In Increasing their efficiency
In their respective lines of work. Thero
are recommendations of special Impor
tance from the committee on the sub
ject of personnel and the classification
of salaries which will require legisla
tive action before they ran be put Into
effect. It It my Intention lo submit
to the congress in the near future u
special Message on thdse subjects.
Presidential Campaign Expenses.
"Under our form of government vot
ing la not merely a right bjit ft duty,
and, moreover, a fundamental and noc-
eseery duly If a men Is to be a goad
rltlsen. It Is well to provide that cor
poratlona shall not contribute to prest
■lciitlal or national campaigns, and fur.
tliermore to provide for the publication
of both contrlbuttona and expenditures.
Thero li, however, alwaye danger In
laws of thle kind, which froip their
very nature are dlffloult of enfonre-
ment; the danger being leet they be
obeyed only by the honeet, and disobey
ed by the unscrupulous, so ae to act
only as a penalty upon honest men.
Moreover, no tuch law would hamper
sn unscrupulous man of unlimited
means from buying hie own way Into
office. Thero Is a very radical measure
which would. 1 believe, work a subelnn
tlal Improvement In our eystem of con
dueling n campaign, although I am
well aware that It will taka some lime
for people so to familiarise themselves
with aucli a proposal as to be willing
to consider Ita adoption. The need ftr
collecting large campaign funds would
vanish If congress provided an appro
priation for the proper and legitimate
exfienses of each of the great nation
al parttee, an appropriation ample
enough to meet tha necessity for thor
ough organisation and machinery,
ougn KfiuiMHivn «uu ins** iiiiix'i ,»■
which require# a larfe expenditure of
money. Then the stipulation ihould be
mad# that no party receiving campaign
fundi from the treaiury lhould accept
more than a fixed amount from any
Individual aub#crtb#r or donor; and the
necessary publicity for receipt#, and
expenditure# could without difficulty bo
provided.
• A National -Gallary of Art.
•There should be a national gallery
of art eitabllehed In the capital city of
this country. Thle 1# important not
merely to the artlatlc but to the matn-
rlal welfare of the country; and the
people are to be congratulated on the
fact that the movement to establish
Mich a gallery la taking definite form
under the guidance of the Smlthsonlnn
Institution. 80 far from there being a
tariff on work# of art brought Into the
country, their Importation should be en
couraged In ever>* way. There have
been no sufficient collection# of object#
of art by the government, and what
collections have been acquired are scat
tered and are generally ulaced In un
suitable and Imperfectly lighted gal
leries.
The Biological Survey.
"The biological survey Is quietly
working for the good of our agricultural
Interests, and is on excellent example of
a government bureau which conduct#
original scientific research the findings
of which am of much practical utility.
For more than twenty years It has
studied the food habits of birds and
mammals that are Injurious or benefl
clal to agriculture, horticulture and for
estry; has distributed Illustrated bulle
tins on the subject, and has labored to
secure legislative protection for the
beneficial species. '.The notion boll wee
VII. which has recently overspread the
cotton belt of Texas and Is steadily ex
tending Its range. Is said to cause an
annual loss of about 13.000,000. The
biological survey has ascertained and
given wide publicity to the fact that
at least forty-three kinds of birds prey
upon this destructive Insect,
Ocean Mall Service.
“I call your especial Attention to the
unsatisfactory condition of our foreign
mall service, which, because of the
lack of American steamship lines, Is
now largely ddne through foreign lines,
and which, particularly so far as South
and Central America are concerned, Is
done In a manner which constitutes a
serious barrier to the extension of our
commerce.
The Army.
"Not only there Is not now, but there
never has been, any other nation In
the world so wholly free from the evils
of militarism as Is ours. There never
has been any other large nation, not
even China, which for so long a period
has had relatively to Its numbers so
•mall a regular army as has ours.
Never at any time In our history has
this nation suffered from militarism or
been In the remotest danger of suffer
ing from militarism. Never at any
time of our history has the regular
army been pf a size which caused the
slightest appreciable tax upon the tax-
paying citizens of the nation. Almost
always It has been too small In size
and underpaid. Never In our entire
history has the nation suffered in the
least particular because too much care
haa been given to the army, too much
prominence given It, too much money
spent upon it, or because It has been
too large. But again and again we
have suffered because enough care has
not been given to It, because It has
been too small, because there has not
been sufficient preparation In advance
for possible war. Every foreign war In
which we have engaged haa cost us
many times the amount which. If wise-
ly expended during the preceding years
of peace on the regular army, would
have insured the war ending In but a
fraction of the time And but for a frac
tion of the cost that wan actually the
case. As a nation, we have always
been shortsighted In providing for the
efficiency of the army In time of peace.
It Is nobody’s especial Interest to make
such provision and no one looks ahead
to war fit any period, no matter how
remote, as being a serious possibility;
while an improper economy, or rather
niggardliness, can be practiced at the
expense of the army with the certainty
that those practicing It will not be
called to account therefor, but that the
price will be paid by the. unfortunate
persons who happen to be In office
when a war does actually come.
”1 think It Is only lack of foresight
that troubles us. not any hostility to
the army. There are, of course, fool
ish people who denounce any care of
the army or navy as ’militarism,' but
I do not think that these people arc
numerous. This country has to con
tend now. and has had to contend In
the past, with many evils, and there
In ample scope for all who would work
for reform. But there Is not one evil
that now exists, or that ever has ex
isted In this country, which Is. or
ever has been, owing In the smallest
part to militarism. Declamation
against militarism has no mote serious
place In an earnest and Intelligent
movement for righteousness In this
country than declamation against the
worship of Baal or Astaroth. It Is
declamation ugalnst a non-existent evil,
one which never has existed In this
country, and which has not the slight
est chance of appearing here. We are
glad to help In any movement for in
ternational peace, but this Is because
we sincerely believe that It la our duty
to help all such movements provided
they are sane and rational, and not be
cause there Is any tendency toward
militarism on our part which needs to
be cured.
Militarism.
SHINON
GEORGIA PAINT A GLA88 CO.,
40 Peachtree Street.
flPIUM
and WHIfiKCV HAfitTt
cured st home witte
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titulars sent PJtKl
i B. M. WOOXXHY.M.K
U.US. Office 104 N.frvor 9**#^.
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DR. E. E. BRAGG,
OSTEOPATH
and
PHYSICIAN and SURGEON.
Office 324-25 Century Building,
Hours: 9 to 5—Bell Phone.
‘‘The evils we have to fight are those
In connection with industrialism, not
militarism. Industry Is always nec
essary, Just as war Is sometimes nec
essary. Each has Its price, nnd Indus
try in the United States now exacts,
and has always exacted, a far heavier
toll of death than all our wars put to
gether. The statistics of the railroads
of this country for the year ended June
80, 1906, the last contained In the an
nual statistical report of the interstate
commerce commission, show In that
one year a total of 108.134 casualties
to persons, of which 10,618 represent
the number of persons killed. In that
wonderful hive of human activity,
Pittsburg, the deaths due to Industrial
accidents In 1906 were 919, all the re
sult of accidents In mills, mines or on
railroads. For the entire country,
therefore. It Is safe to say that the
deaths due to Industrial accidents ag
gregate in the neighborhood of twenty
thousand i\ year. Such u record makes
the death’rate In all our foreign wars
utterly trivial by comparison. The
number of deaths In battle In nil the
foreign wars put together, for the last
century and a quarter, aggregate con
siderably less than one year's death
record for our Industries. A mere
glance at these figures !s sufficient to
show the absurdity of the outcry
against militarism.
"But again and again In the past our
little regular army has rendered serv
ice literally vital to the country, and
It may at any time have to do so In
the future. Its standard of efficiency
and instruction Is higher now than
ever In the past. But It is too small.
There are n^t enough officers; and It
Is Imposslhb to secure enough enlisted
men. We should maintain In peace a
fairly complete skeleton of a large ar
my. A great and long-continued war
would have to lie fought by volunteers.
But months would pass before any
large body of efficient volunteers could
be put in the field, and our regular ar
my should bo large enough to meet any
Immediate need. In particular It Is
essential that we should possess a num
ber of extra officers trained In peace
to perform efficiently the . duties ur
gently required upon the breaking out
of war.
Medical Corps.
The medical corps should be much
larger than the needs of our regular
army In war. Yet at present It Is
smaller than the needs of the service
demand even In pea-re. The Spanish
urred lets tiu.n ten years ago.
The chief loss we suffered In It wa* by
never left the country. At the moment
the nation seemed deeply impressed by
this fact; yet seemingly It has already
been forgotten, for not the slightest
effort has been made to prepare a med
ical corps of sufficient slse to prevent
the repetition of the same disaster on
a much larger scale If we should ever
be engaged In a serious conflict. The
trouble In the Spanish war was not
with the then existing officials of the
war department; It was with the rep
resentatives of the people as a whole
who, for the preceding thirty years,
had declined to make the necessary
provision for the army.
Weed Out Officers.
"Among the officers there should be
severe examinations to weed out the
unfit up to the grade of major. From
that position on appointment# should
be solely by selection and it should be
understood that a man of merely av
erage capacity could'never get beyond
the position of major, while every man
who serves In any grade a certain
length of time prior to promotion to
the next grade without getting the
promotion to the next grade should be
forthwith retired. The practice
marches and field maneuvers of the
last two or three years have been In
valuable to the army. They should be
continued and extended. A rigid and
not a perfunctory examination of phys.
leal capacity has been provided ‘for
the higher grade officers. This will
work well. Unless an officer has
good physique, unless lie can stand
hardship, ride well, and walk fairly,
he Is not fit for any position, even after
he has become a colonel. Before he
has become a colonel the need for
physical fitness In the officer Is almost
as great as In the enlisted man.
hope speedily to see Introduced Into the
army a far more rigid and thorough
going test of horsemanship for all field
officers than at present. There should
be a chief of cavalry Just us there Is a
chief of artillery.
"Perhaps the most Important of all
legislation needed for the benefit of the
army Is a law to equalize and Increase
the pay of officers and enlisted men of
the army, navy, marine corps nnd rev
enue cutter service. Such a bill has
been prepared, which it Is hoped will
meet with your favorable consideration.
The next most essential measure Is to
authorize. a number of extra officers
as mentioned above. To make the ar
my more attractive to enlisted men. It
\p absolutely essential to create a serv
ice corps, such as exists In nearly every
modern army In the world, to do the
skilled and unskilled labor, Inseparably
connected with military administra
tion, which Is now exacted, without
Just compensation, of enlisted men who
voluntarily entered the army to do
service of an altogether different kind.
There are a number of other laws nec
essary to so organize the army as to
promote Its efficiency nnd facllltato Its
rapid expansion In time of war; but
the above are the most Important.
The Navy.
"It was hoped The Hugue confer
ence might deal with the question of
the limitation of armaments. But even
before it had assembled Informal In
quiries hod developed that as regards
naval armaments, the only ones In
which this country had any Interest. It
was hopeless to try to devise any plan
for which there was the slightest pos
sibility of securing the assent of the
nations gathered at The Hague. No
plan w'ns even proposed which would
have had the assent of more thnn one
first class power outside of the United
States. The only plan that seemed at
all feasible, that of limiting the size
of battle ships, met with no favor at all.
It Is evident, therefore, thut it is folly
for this notion' to base nny hope of
securing peace on any International
agreement us to the limitation of arma
ments. Such being the fact. It would
be most unwise for us to stop the up
building of our navy.
•‘To build one buttle ship of the best
and most advanced type a year would
barely keep our fleet up to its present
force. This Is not enough. In my Judg
ment, we should this year provide for
four battle ships. But It Is Idle to build
battle ships unless In addition to pro
viding the men, and the means for
thorough training, we provide the aux
lllarles for them, unless we provide the
docks, the coaling stations, the colliers
and supply ships that they need. We
are extilhnely deficient In coaling sta
tions and docks on the Pacific, and this
deficiency should not lbnger be permit
ted to exist. Plenty of torpedo boats
and destroyers should be built. Both
on the Atlantic and Pacific coasts, for
tifications of the best type should be
provided for all our greatest harbors.
"We need alwuys to Remember that
In time of war the navy Is not to be
used to defend harbors and sea coast
cities; vve should protect our system of
coast fortifications. The only efficient
use for the navy Is for offense. The
only way In which; It can efficiently
protect our own coast against the pos
sible action of a foreign navy Is by
destroying that foreign navy. For
defense against a hostile fleet which ac
tually attacks them, the coast cities
must depend upon their forts, mines,
torpedoes, submarines and torpedo
boats and destroyers. All of these to
gether are efficient for defensive pur
poses, but they In no way supply the
place of a thoroughly efficient navj;
capable of acting on the offensive; for
parrying never yet won a fight. It can
only be won by hard bitting, and an ag
gressive sea-going nuvy alone cun do
this hard hitting of the offensivesype.
But the forts nnd the like are neces
sary so that the navy may be foot
loose. In time of* war there Is sure to
be n demand, under pressure of fright,
for the ships to be scattered no as to
defend nil kind of ports. Under penal
ty of tsrrible disaster, this demand
must be refused. The ships must be
kept together, and their objective made
the enemies’ fleet. If fortifications are
sufficiently strong, no modern navy
will venture to attack them, so long
an the foe has In existence a hostile
navy of anything like the same slae
or efficiency. But unless there exists
such a navy then the fortifications are
powerless by themselves to secure the
victory. For, of course, the mere de
ficiency mean# that any resolute enemy
can at his leisure combine all Ids forces
upon one point with the certainty that
he can take It.
8hift Fleets.
'•Until our battle fleet la much larger
than at present It should never be split
Into detachments so far apart that they
ottld not In event of emergency be
speedily united. Our coast line Is on
the Pacific just as much as on the At
lantic. The Interests of California,
Oregon and Washington are a# emphat
ically the Interests of the whole union
as those of Maine and New York, of
Louisiana nnd Texas. The battle fleet
should now and then be moved to the
Pacific, just as at other times It should
be kept In the Atlantic. When the
Isthmian .canal la built the transit of
the battle fleet from one ocean to
the other will be comparatively easy.
Until It Is built I earnestly hope that
the battle fleet will be thus shifted
between the two oceans every year or
two. The marksmansblp on aJJ our
ships has Improved phenomenally dur
ing the last five years.
"Until within the last two ot* three
years It was not possible to train a bat
tle fleet In squadron maneuvers under
service conditions, and It Is only during
these last two or three years that the
training under these conditions has be
come really effective. Another and
most necessary stride In advance Is now
being taken. The battle fleet Is about
starting by the Straits of Magellan to
visit the Pacific cOAst. Sixteen battle
ehlpo are going under the command
of Rear Admiral Evans, while eight ar
mored cruisers and two other battle
ships will meet him at San Francisco,
whither certain torpedo destroyers are
also going. No fleet of such size has
ever made such a voyage, and It will
be of very great educational use to all
engaged In It. The only Way by which
to teach officers and men how to handle
the fleet so as to meet every possible
strain and emergency In time of war Is
to have them practice under similar
conditions In time of peace. Moreover,
the only way to find out our actual
needs Is to perform In time of peace
whatever maneuvers might be neces
sary In time of war. After war Is de
dared It Is too late to find out the
needs; that means to Invite disaster.
This trip to the Pacific will show what
some of our needs are and will enable
us to provide for them. The proper
place for an officer to learn his duty Is
at sea, and the only way In which a
navy can ever be made efficient is by
practice at sea, under all the conditions
which would have to be met If war ex
isted.
Liberal Treatment.
"I bespeak the most liberal treatment
for the officers and enlisted men of the
time the .representatives of practically all
the civilized countries of the world united
In s temperate and kindly discussion of the
methods by which the causes of war might
be usrrowed and its injurious effects re
duced.
Although the agreements reached In the
conference did not In aur direction go to
the length hoped for by the more snugulne,
yet In many directions Important steps
were taken, ami upon every subject on the
program there was such full and considerate
discussion as to Justify the belief that sub- .
•tsntlsl progress has been made toward
farther agreements in the future. Thirteen
conventions were agreed upon emlMMlying
the definite conclusions which bad beeu
reached, and resolutions were adopted
marking the progress made In the matters
tlcabU*.
Arbitration.
‘it Is unnnlmous: til In accepting the
principle for obligatory arbitration: (2) In
declaring that certain differences, ami nota
bly those rein Hug to the Interpretation and
application of international conveutloqnl
stipulations. are susceptible of being sub-
doubt that the great majority of the coun
tries of the world b«ve reached a point
whore they are now ready to npply practi
cal ly the principle* thus unanimously agreed
upon by the conference.
Thn second advnuee. and n very great one.
I* the agreement which relates to the use o 1
force for the collection of contract debts, j
Your attention Is Invited to the paragraphs
upon this subject in my message of Decem
ber, 1906. nnd to the resolution of the
third American conference at Klo in the
Hummer of 1906. The convention upon this
subject adopted by the conference substan
tially ns proposed by the American dele
gates Is us follows:
Not Pecuniary Origin.
"In order to urold between notions armed
1‘ntifllcts of u purely pecuniary origin arising
debts claimed of the g«
■onntry by th« governing
nuvy. It I, true of then, a. IlkewlM ViaHlgnatotfiiw oSf to five
of the officers and enlisted men of the recourse to armed force for the collection
army, that they form a body whose in- of contractual^ dehj*.
You'll Not
Need Much
your.olf, after you're dead—but your
family will keep right on wanting
three meale a day—The landlord will
want Hie rent just the same as now—
And then there'll bo all your debt* to
pay—Are you sure you have enough
life insurance to provide for it all?
Have you seen
The Equitable Life’s
Standard Policy.
Prescribed by the New York State
Law?
WRITE, PHONE OR CALL
Consultation and Office Treatment
Free.
FRANK W. BURR,
Manager for Georgia.
Equitable Building, Atlanta, Ga.
terrsts should be close to the heart of
every good American. In return the
most rigid performance of duty should
be exacted from them. The reward
should be ample when they do their
best; and nothing less than their best
should be tolerated. It Is Idle to hope
for the best results when the men In
the aenlor grades come to those grades
late In life and serve too short a time
In them. Up to the rank of lieutenant
commander promotion In the navy
should be as now, by seniority, subject,
however, to such rigid tests as would
eliminate the unfit. After the grade of
lieutenant commander, that Is, when we
come to the grade of command rank,
the unfit should be, eliminated In such
manner that only the conspicuously fit
would remain, and sea service should
be a principal test of fitness.
"Thone who are passed by should,
after a certain length of service In their
respective grades, be retired. Of n
given number of men It may well be
that almost all would make good lleu-
tenantn and most of them good lieuten
ant commanders, while only a minority
will be fit to be captains, and but three
or four to be admirals. Th^se who ob
ject to promotion otherwise than by
mere seniority should reflect upon the
elementary fact that no business In pri
vate life could be successfully managed
If those who enter at the lowest rungs
of the ladder should each in turn, If
he lived, become the head of the firm,
Its active director, and retire after he
had held the position a few months. On
Its face such a scheme Is an absurdity.
Chances for Improper favoritism can
be minimized by a properly formed
board; such as the board of last June,
which did such conscientious and ex
cellent work In elimination.
Promote Good Men.
"If all that oughf to be done can not
now be done, at least let a beginning
be made. In my last threfc annual mes
sages, and In a special message to the
last congress, the necessity for legisla
tion that will cause officers of the line
applicable when the debtor state refuses or
leaves unanswered nn offer to arbitrate, or.
In ease of acceptance, makes It Impossible
to formulate the terms of submission, or.
after arbitration, fulls to comply with .the
award rendered.
"It Is further
contemplated
procedure, wltn euapter a or me convention
for the pacific settlement of Internntlousl
disputes adopted at The Hague, nnd that
It shall determine, In so far us there shall
he no agreement lietween the parties, the
Justice nnd the amount of the debt, the
time nnd mode of payment thereof."
Hitch n provision would have prevented
much tujustlco nnd extortion In the post,
and I con not doubt thnt Its effect In the
future wilt lie most salutary.
Permanent Court.
Substantial progress was also made to
ward the creation of a permanent ludlcial
tribunal for the determination of Interna
tional causes. There was very full discus
sion of the proposal for such n court and n
general agreement was finally reached hi
favor of Its creation. The conference rec.
otnmended to the signntor.v powers the
adoption of n draft upon which it agreed
for tlie organization of the court, leaving
to lie determined only the method by which
the Judges should he selected. This re
maining unsettled question is plainly one
which time and good temper will solve.
A further agreement of the first impor-
ho recalls the Injustices under which tills
nmtry suffered ns a neutral power during
ic enrly part of the Inst century can not
full to see In this provision for an Inter
national prize court the great ndvuutugi
which file World Is making toward the sub
HtItutIon of the rule of reasou and Justice
In place of simple force.
Numerous provisions were adopted for
during the evil effects of war nnd for de
fining the rights and duties of neutrals.
'I lie conference also provided for the hold
ing of n third conference within «• period
shnllnr to thnt which elapsed between the
first und second conferences.
The delegates of the United States worth-
y represented the spirit of the American
people mid inniiitiilned with fidelity mid
ability the policy of our government i
nil the great questions discussed lu the
of the navy to reach the grade of cap- c b
lain nnd rear admiral at less advanced . *' . .
ages and which wllljpause them to have * r^ B go In consequence of ii revolution
more sea training and experience In I *V ry tuorement In tuba which threnteued
the highly responsible duties of those Immediate return to chaos of the Is
snides, sn that they mav become thor- I l*ml, the United States Intervened, sending
down nn army nnd establishing a provision-
STUART’8 BABY COLIC REMEDY
No Home with children should be
without It. Relieves promptly. 34
disease among the regiments which Wall street.”
grades, so that they may become thor
oughly skillful In handling battleships,
divisions, squadrons and fleets In ac
tion. has been fully explained and ur
gently recommended. Upon this sub
ject the secretary of the navy has sub
mitted detailed and definite recomtnen
datlons which have received my ap
proval, nnd which, if enacted Into law.
will accomplish what Is Immediately
necessary, nnd will, as compared with
existing law, make a saving of more
than five millions of dollars during the
next seven years. The navy personnel
act of 1899 haa accomplished ail tbal
was expected of It In providing satis
factory periods of service In the several
subordinate grades, from the grade of
ensign to the grade of lieutenant com
mander. but the law Is Inadequate In
the upper grades and will continue to
be Inadequate on account of the ex
pansion of the personnel since Its en
actment. Your attention Is Invited to
the following quotations from the re
port of the personnel board of 1906, of
which the assistant secretary of the
navy was president:
Increase Midshipmen.
“•Congress has authorized a consid
erable Increase In the number of mid
shipmen at the Naval Academy, and
these midshipmen upon graduation are
promoted to ensign and lieutenant
(junior grade). But no provision has
been made for a corresponding Increase
in the upper grades, the result being
that the lower grades will become so
congested that a midshipman now In
one of the lowest classes at Annapolis
may possibly not be promoted to lieu
tenant until he U between 45 and 50
years of age. 8o It will continue under
the present law, congesting at the top
and congesting at the bottom. The
country falls to get from the officers of
the service the best that is In them by
not providing opportunity for their nor
mal development and training. The
board believes that thla works
rlous detriment to the efficiency of the
navy and is a real menace to the pub
lie safety.’
"As stated In my special message to
the last congress: *1 am firmly or the
opinion that unless the present condi
tions of tiie higher commissioned per
sonnel Is rectified by Judicious legisla
tion the future of our navy will be
gravely compromised.* It Is also ur
gently necessary to Increase the effi
ciency of the medical corps of the
navy. Special legislation to this end
has already been proposed; and I
trust It may be enacted without delay.
Foreign Affaire.
foreign affairs. this country's steady
policy It Co Iwhavc toward ether nations
a strong nnd self-respecting man should
nl government under Governor Mngoon.
Absolute fftilet and prosperity have returned
to the Island because of this action. W«
are now inking steps to provide for elec
tloiis In the Island and our Expectation Is
within the coiutug year to he able to turn
the Island over again to a government
chosen by the people thereof. Cuba Is nt
our doors. It Is not possildo that this
nation should permit Culm again to sink
Into the condition from which we rescued
It. All that we ask of the Cuban people
Is that they be prosperous, thnt they govern
themselves so ns to bring content, order and
progress to their Island, the Queen of the
Antilles, and our only Interference lias been
and will be to help them achieve these re
sults.
The Japanese Exposition.
An Invitation has been extended by Japan
to the government and people of the United
Htatcs to participate lu a great national ex
position to be held nt Tokyo from April I
to October 81, 1913, nnd In which the prin
cipal countries of t^c world arc to lie In
vited to take port. This Is an occasion of
special Interest to nil the nations of the
world, and peculiarly so to us; for it Is the
first Instance In whlijh such a great national
exposition has Iwvn held by a great power
dwelling on the I'aclftc, nnd all the natlona
of Europe and America will, I trust. Join
III helping to success this first great exposi
tion ever held by a great ndtlon of Asia.
German Tariff Agreement.
The adoption of a new tariff by Germany,
accompanied by conventtous for reciprocal
tariff concessions between that country and
most of the other countries of continental
Europe. led the German government to give
the notice necessary to terminate the recip
rocal commercial agreement with this coua-
try proclaimed July 13. 1900. The notice was
to take effect on the 1st of March. 1906, and
lu default of some other arrangements this
would have left the exports from the United
Htatcs to Germany subject to the general
German tnrlff duties, from 2D to 50 per cent
higher than the convqnt tonal duties Im
posed upon the goods of most of our com-
petitors for German trade.
Changed Regulations.
This practice was repugnant to the spirit
of American law and to American sense of
Justice. In the Judgment of the most com
petent experts of the treasury' department
and the department of commerce ami labor
It was wholly unnecessary for the duo col
lection “of the customs revenues, ami the
attempt to defend it merely Illustrates th|
demoralization which naturally follows from
a long continued course of reliance upon
such methods. I accordingly caused the reg
ulations governing this branch of the cus
toms service to be modified so thnt values
are determined upon a hearing in which nil'
the parties Interested have nil opportunity
lo Ik* heard nud to know the evidence
against taem. Moreover our treasury agents
ire accredited to the government of thfe
wintry 111 which they seek Information,
and In Germany receive the assistance
the quasi-official chambers of commerce in
determining the nctunl market value of
goods, in nepordauce with what I am ad
vised to bo the true construction of the law.
These changes of regulations were ndnptod
... Jew of the close neighborhood'of the
two countries the relations which exist be
tween Mexico and the United States are
Just cause for gratification. We have a
common boundary of over 1,600 miles from
the Gulf of Mexico to the Pacific. Much of
confined to *ur relationswith Germany, and
I have extended their operation to all other
conntrles which have expressed a desire to
enter Into similar administrative relations.
China.
I nsk for authority to re-form the agree
ment with China under which the Indemnity
of 1900 was fixed, by remitting and cancel
ling the obligation of Uhlim for the payment
of all ihnt pnrt of the stipulated In
demnity which Is In excess of the sum of
eleven million, six hundred nnd fifty-five
thousand, four hundred amt ninety-two dol
lars aud sixty-nine cents, and luterest nt
4 per eeut. After the rescue of the foreign
legations in Peking during the Boxer trou
bles lu 1900 the powers required from
Chinn the payment of equitable Indemnities
to the several nations, nnd the final pro
tocol under which the troops were with
drawn, Sf ' — - torn
fixed the
to the
. signed nt Peking, Heptember «. 1991.
the amount of this Indemnity allotted
United Htntes nt over 120,000,000, nnd
of June. Inst, n little i
. ,000. It was
eminent at the
proper time, when nil claims had l>eeii pi
sented nnd all expenses ascertained ns fully
ns possible, to revise the estimates and ac
count. and fts n proof of slucere friendship
for China voluntarily to release that -—
try from Its legal llaldllty for all pay
iu excess of the sum which should prove
to Ih* necessary for actual ludemulty to the
United Htntes and Its citizens.
Chinese Students.
This nation should help lu every practi
cable way In the education of the Chines#
people, so thnt the vast and populous Um
pire of China may gradually adapt itself to
modern conditions. One way of doing this
is by promoting the coming of Chinese stu
dents to this country and making it ntlrac-
to them to take courses at our unlver-
j and higher educational Institutions.
Our eduentors should, so far ns possible,
take concerted action toward this end.
Mexico and Central America.
Oil the courteous Invitation of the presi
dent of Mexico, the secretary of state visit
ed thnt country In September nnd October
and was received everywhere with the
greatest kindness nnd hospitality.
He curried from the government of the
United States to our southern neightmr a
message of respect nnd good will and of
* * “ * acquaintance nnd Increns-
to manifest the most friendly attiude and
thnt American Investments In Mexico
amount to over J700.000.000. The extraordi
nary industrial and commercial prosperity
of Mexico has been greatly promoted by
American enterprise, and Americans are
sharing largely In Its results. The foreign
trade of the republic already exceeds J240.-
000,090 per annum, and of this two-thirds
both of exports nnd Imports are exchanged
with the United States. Under these cir
cumstances numerous questions necessarily
nrise lietween the two countries. These
questions are always approached and dls- •
f osed of In a spirit of mutual courtesy nnd
sir dealing. Americans carrying on busi
ness In Mexico testify uniformly to the
kindness nnd consideration with which they
aro treated nnd their sense of the security
of thels property and enterprises under the
wise administration of the great statesman
who has so long held the office of chief
magistrate of thnt republic.
Two Governments.
The two governments have been uniting
their efforts for a considerable time past
to aid Central America In attaining the de
gree of pence and order which have mode
possible the pnispertty of the northern
parts of the continent. After the peace be
tween Guatemala, Honduras, and Salvador,
celebrated under the circumstances described
in uiy last message, a new war broke out
between the republics of Nicaragua, Hon
duras and Salvador. The effort to compose
this new difficulty has resnlted in the ac
ceptance of thn joint suggestion of the pres
idents of Mexico and of the United States
for n general peace conference between all
thn countries of Central America. On the
17th day of Heptember last a protocol was
signed between the representatives of the
five Central American countries accredited
to this government agreeing upon a confer
ence to be held In the city of Washington
‘In order to devise the mean# of preserving
the good relations among said republics add
bringing about permanent peace In those
countries." The protocol Includes the ex
pression of a wish that the presidents of
the United mates and Mexico should ap
point ‘‘representatives to lend their good
and Impartial offices In a purely friendly
way toward the realization of the objects
of the conference." The conference Is now
In session and will have our best wishes
and, where It Is practicable, our friendly as
sistance. • •
International Bureau of American Re
publics.
One of the results of the pan-American
conference at Itlo Janeiro In the summer of
1906 bus been a great Increase in the ac
tivity and usefulness of the internntlot nl
all
pie of the United Htntes about the other
republics and in making the Uulted Htatcs
known to them. Its action la now limited
by appropriations determined when It was
doing a work on a much smaller scale aud
rendering much less valuable service. I rec
ommend that the contribution of this gov-
Increased
8EVJ2LT.
Does the Dealer Know Better Than You
What You Need in Your Home?
If not you owe It as a duty toTyour-
self to Insist pn getting; what you ask
for when you try to buy an advertised
article.
You are attracted by the advertise
ment In this paper; you read it and
make up your mind that the goods ad
vertised are what you want. You en
ter a store to make your purchase.
Be true to your conviction and get
what you ask for.
Avoid 8ubfetitutss.
behave toward the other men with whom
he is brought into contact, lu other wonts,
our aim Is disinterestedly to help other
nations where such help can Ih* wisely
given without the appearance of meddling
with what does not concern us; to Ik* care
ful to act ns a good neighltor, and at the
Mime rltne in good-natnred fashion, to make
It evident that we do not intend lo be
fnipo#ed upeu.
The Hague.
The second international peace rotifer-
convened at The Uugue uu.tbej
15th of June last
etna Lied In session
PLAN OF GEORGIAN’S POPULAR
VOTING CONTEST
The Georgian's popular voting contest la
open to nH respectable women In Georgia
between the years of 15 aud 50.
Anyone can nominate a candidate. It Is
not absolutely necessary to use the nominat
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although to do so is more regular. Simply
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nnd one vote after seven days. They should
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5 very yearly paid In-advance NEW sub-
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In advance vNEW subscription counts for
1.600 votes*. OLD sutHirrlptk>n 500 votes.
Every three months, paid In advance. NEW
subscription counts for 400 votes; OLD sub-
script Ion 200 votes. Every one month, paid
In advance. NEW subscription counts for
100 votes; OLD subscription 50 votes.
A NEW subscriber la one who Is not now
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not lie accepted at such In this contest.
tine who stops The Georgian for a short
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eecitriag more votes In ibis contest will not
be accented as a NEW subscriber.
to pay np past dne snTmrrtpttons. A pant
due subscription baa to be pr.bl up before
votes are Issued on a pnid-ln-advauce sub
scription to the snme party.
New subscriptions count for twice
many votes ns old subscriptions.
The dry of Atlanta Is divided Into fifteen
districts, the suburbs Into five districts
nnd the state Into ten districts.
There ore four grand prizes—11,000 In
gold, n 12.006 touring car automobile, n STSd
Grand Plano, and a J6S0 Runabout Automo
bile. These prizes go to the four con
testants In any district In Atlanta, suburbs
or the state who get the four greatest nutn-
second choice nnd so on for the third
and fourth highest contestants.
One contestant can win only one prize.
There are ninety districts. Three prizes
will be awarded to each district, Irrc-
spectlve of the number of rotes brought In
from any other district.
The fourth contestant In district one may
get more rotes than the first contestant In
district 30. but the contestant In district 89
will get first choice of the prizes for dis
trict 30. In this way three prices will go
to each dlatrict. The four successful con
testants for the four grand prises will not
pir.no* furnished by the Cable Plano Com-
until the 1Mb of October. For the first No votes are Issued on luuuey brought In J ships; fifteen diamond rings, and fifteen
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Contestants are not restricted to their dis
trict In securing subscriptions.
The money must accompany all subscrip
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tS? {wards In this contest will be made
by n committee of leading citizens.
No active employee of The Georgian or a
member of tb# family of an active employee
is eligible to become a contestant.
The voting coupon Is published dally In
The Georgian, rive votes first week, one
rote thereafter.
Don't have to be a subscriber to be a
contestant. *
The Georgian
upon candidate's
All subscription .
number of street or
written.
Contest opened Friday. November II. •
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ruary 1. 1968.
Write or call nt The Georgian office for
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id all subscriptions, renr“*—— ‘
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