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ProMfht Lohtmhii Tel: ki'oj'r |
Passages |
t joni the Lite ol n Great ■tatesman.
N O IV.
"Mammon led them on,
Mamm in, the feat' crated spirit tliil frit
From Heaven, Lit e'en in Heaven hit /oike and
thojghtß
Were always downward rad, admirine m
The rirhoa of Heaven's pavement, tro hlt •• - '7, '
Than ought divine or holy, else enjoyed
lo vision beatific." Taruilisr Loi’.
In my last 1 pinned Mr. (Jalhoun m il.nt
class whose enthusiasm and energy invar a • .
ably advance them beyond their own times,
but whose impetuosity and eagerness disqual- j
ify them for an accurate understanding of the
affairs with which they are connected, for the
precise relation which they hear to them.
Many traits in his course arc inexplicable but
upon this hypothesis, or.one more disparaging,
which lam unwilling to suspect. To what
cfae are we to refer his confident impression
in regard to his undeviv.lng uniformity, or the
declaration with v.dlieh lie lately fell prostrate
upon Ins favorite measure of finance, that two
bard and unsuccessful campaigns amounted
only to a “skirmish.'’’ “Thou hast already
•seen, by a thousand tokens and experiments,
(said the Knight of'La Mancha to his squire,
while “rostrate on the ground.) how fur the
valour of this strong arm of mine extends 1”
To what wc arc to refer tho separate de
clarations, that in 1810, without the recharter
ol the Hunk “the restoration could not have
been effected, short of the i liter protlralion ot
oil the moneyed institutions of the country,”
and in September, ’37, that “so far from at
fording relief, (a rcchatler of the Hank) would
bo the most disastrous measure that could be
adopted,” is perhaps not so clearly to be per
ceived. The difference indicated in the
speech of the 18th September, between the
two points of time, Dial the Government at
one was the debtor to the bunks, and at the
other their creditor, if true, certainly varies the
balance sheet, in the statement ol an account
current between the parlies themselves; but
as between the bunks and the public, (or as
between a general bank and the local bunks,)
■what difference cun llicir relative posit inn to
the Government at the two points of time
'make? Certainly, if at the first, the Govern
ment was unable to meet its engagements with
the banks, (ss Air. Calhoun slates,) It cannot,
at the last, press them to a fulfilment ol theirs
during a derangement produced by its own
intermeddling. If, m the present money cri
sis, the Government has a bonalide disposition
tosul the resumption of specie payments, us
the creditor, it has only to “give stay upon
the execution.” Make the indulgence recip
rocal; let the banks alone, now filial they arc
I lie iletuors, as they lot llio Government alone
in 181(1, when il was the debtor, and as be
tween the banks and the community, (llicir
private bill-holders,) or as between tho local
hanks and a general hank, (which may better
-be formed by un affiliation of existing bunk j
capital, Ihun by Hie creation of new,) the dis- (
licullies will bo neutralized by their reciprocal (
liability fora redemption of Uieir issues and
oblieiitions m specie. j
Against any l ability to a specie demand (
upon its issues, Mr Calhoun lias effectually (
fortified Ins Independent Treasury, by chan. {
gmg the form of its paper from that of a pro
iniao to pay in "the legal currency,” (us ho ,
terms the “current com,”) to that of a prom. |
•iso to be received for debts duo to tbo Gov- (
eminent; n transposition of woids which it is
demonstrable (and which I propose to show)
-confers upon “the great money dealer of the |
■country” (as be justly terms the Government) (
; lhe power, through its fiscal action, not only
ucsli'0 v the banks, but almost to confiscate
the entire properly of llio country.
The annual average debt to be pa d by the
■country to the Government, at the custom
thouse, tho hind office, and the post office, can
not bo slated at less than fifty millions, which
• emphatically makes tho Government “tho
great creditor” of iho country, tho mode of
collecting whoso demands upon individuals, |
will ultimately establish the medium in winch
all other debts are to be paid. If the great
payments of tho year can ho made alone m a
prescribed medium, the small payments must j
of course conform to that medium, or tho
largo payments cannot bo effected. If the t
merchant, lor example, must make his pay- £
inents to the Government either in |tho “cur- (|
16111 coin," (tho "legal currency,’’) or in a
paper promised, by the Government, to ho re- £
coived in payment of its demands upon its
debtors, (the il legal currency, I suppose) of [
course he must make his collections liom tho
'Community irt kind, or be in default. The }
medium ot till payments, therefore, must con- (
form to this standard, and will he controlled ,
by it. ‘A medium resting on this demand,
which simply obligates the Government to re- |
ccivc il in all us dues, to the exclusion of ev
ery thing else, except gold and silver,” is the ,
“suitable currency” proposed by Mr. Calhoun i
in his speech ofthe 18ili September last, and ,
this we are to lake as his plan. Let us an- ,
alyze it.
Wo arc told, and well told, by this great
•statesman, in Ihojsamc speech, that the Gov
ernment (the great creditor) "has the power
of creating a demand against every citizen as
high ns it pleases, in the shape ot a tax or du
ty ami an unlimited power lo increase the
liability of the debtor, and at the sumo time lo
restrict Ins means of payment, in indirectly a
power of confiscation, and nothing loss ! Hut
let us analyze the process by which ibis result
is to be readied ; and in doing so 1 must beg
indulgence for running the subject through a
complicated detail indispensable to Us com.
plotc explanation.
I have stated the Government as the aiiiiu- 1
al creditor ol the country for fitly millions of I
■dollars, which Mr. Calhoun says the eouu ry
should only bo permitted to pay either in “cur. i
rent coin,” or m these "promises to be recei- j
ved ’’issued by Government. To lender an
Alternative, wtiicli is plainly iiiipta iticable, is j
■to offer no alternative at all; audio ,-ay iliat I
the only mod ol payment to the government
are either coins, or tins i neon vert ildu paper 1
medium, is t o limit all payments absolutely
and emphatically to the last; for it bus been
shown a thousand times over, that payment in
coins of large masses ot' debt, (under tbo im
mense mid increasing swell of modern com
meree,) is physically impracticable. The ne
cessary consequence is, that unless tbo great
trading class are m constant possession of
this paper substitute, their goods cun never be
cleared Irotn the custom bouse; and, in fact,
that all foreign commerce is suspended, upon
fhc perpetually recurring chances of a paper I
blockade. Jf the Secretary of tbo Treasury !
were to withhold tho annual supply m lu f.
Vance «f this paper, thus made indispensable
lo the commerce of the country, and were to
choose to instruct Ins bill brokers, holdnm it
at Hie various ports ol entry, to shut their
hands, the blockade would be complete; and
then lo open them, and it would bo raised
thus excluding or admitting merchandise, and,
ot course, raising and depressing prices at.
will! Hut what ut the “current euin'" the de
fenders of tins Independent Ticsmry psoci I
will euy. Vju shall tec.
Fo any nothing of the impracticability lie- 1
lorn aHverti (1 to ot making large jmy tnenta in
line mod.inn, 1 w.ll show you mat it id effec
tually within the power ot the Government,
iimler the action of Mr. Calhoun's p an, ef
(cctuttlly to withdraw specie from the circnla
lion; and that it wdl do no, in the very nut ot
putt ng iid receivable paper inio market.
It in the creditor, niaik, and not the debtor,
and, as I have staled, to the annual amount
of filly millions ol dollars. t 1 have also sud, j
I hat to enable tlic merchant to anticipate Inn ;
port duties (or the current year, and to protect j
him from the open and shut process of the .
Government hill broker before described, these j
receivable Government issues (which he must ]
have) must ho put into the haiidd ot Govern- i
inenl agents at the various ports ol entry, lor i
sale, in advance, or at the opening o( the year.
Any merchant would prefer to lose the dis
count uu this indispensable paper, lather than
be put to the perpetual risk of having Ins
goods uncleared ut the custom house, through
the caprice of Government agents. In fur.
nishing the supply of this medium to the con.,
try, the Government would not only, then,
furnish it in due time, hut in sufficient amountj
and the debt to be paid to it being as before
stated, it would of course place in the hands
of its agents in the commercial cities, at the
commencement of the fiscal year, liliy mil
lions of these promises to be received, appor
tioned according to the amount of debt to he
paid In it at each point. We will slate them
i sold at par tor current hank notes, for limy
I ild be readily taken by the merchants and
paid in that medium. The merchant then
gives to the Government broker the promise,
by a bank, to pay the paper, in dollars and
cents, and takes in exchange from the broker
a paper which the Government promises, on
its fnec, to receive in discharge ol debts due
toil. And here begins (ho working of tins
‘‘infernal machine.” You perceive that the
promises by the hanks and by the Govern
ment, upon their respective issues, are not
correlative and reciprocal; that by the hunk
being directly u promise to redeem upon pre
sentment, in the metals, wlniu that by the
Government, instead of being a reciprocal
promise to redeem, is simply a promise to re
ceive m debts due to itself. The former is a
responsible, ihc latter loially an irresponsible
paper; and feeling that ho ig protected from
reciprocal liability, by the character of Ins is
sues, the broker presents the bank notes for
redemption. If there ho a failure to redeem,
the bank issues are of course discredited, and
their place in tho circulation supplied by the
issues of his Government, winch Mr. Calhoun
has said, with great truth, will havo a credit
attached to them of which they cannot bo di
vested, from the more fact of being received
in payment of Government duos, which will
keep them, if not always at specie par, ccr.
lainly very near it. Jlere, llieu, if the hanks
refuse to redeem, the Government at once
possesses itself of the circulation «f the coun
try, and becomes its banker, with the privilege
of banking without responsibility, and of
course without limit, upon an irredeemable
paper. The excluding or discrediting of (
bunk notes would call tor an increased issue (
ol this Government l J roc.; which being ul- *
ways liable to infinite expansion, might ne
vertheless be so contracted, at concerted pc- r
rinds, throughout the country, ns not to make i
way for the ro-emission of the discredited
bank issues, but to depress and elevate prices, !
that the insatiable spirit of speculation might *
at intervals profit by their disturbed current. 1
It is not, however, to be expected that the ■
banks would surrender at the lirsl onset from 1
the Treasury brokers; and to carry them a 1
point beyond, admit that they tuduem on pro- '
sent incut. Here then are fitly millions of
specie translerred f rom banks to Government
brokers, but ul. various and d.stunt points.'ln
thirty days, at farthest, this vast moveable mass
of metal may he drawn from the outposts, and,
through the operation of transfer checks, may t
be thrown to the great, money centre of the j
country. Imagine that degraded felon, ll cu- ,
hen M. Whitney, entering upon the scene nt t
this stage of the process, and standing on tins j
hoarded treasure in the city ot New York! (
Wo will say that the stockholders and dircc- f
tors ami olllcors of the banks of that great r
city have not the true political impress, and c
that Whitney is instructed to pul them through t
a course of discipline to make them a ‘‘unit,” p
and to bring them to the footstool of the ma- v
gician. What has he to do but to buy up their
circulation, with the specie already drawn m «
part from tiictn, through the msliumenlalily 1
of n system of irresponsible financiering upon ■
perspective Government credits, and when ‘
lie is prepared to make his daily call, to the 1
tune of half a million, in specie, how long,
with the panic which would ilms be extended :
at once and at largo to all billholders, could
the bunks stand Hie drain*!
It will hu perceived that there is no possibility
of retaliation or reprisal; for the fixed relation
between the parlies, intentionally established by
this schema of Mr. Calhoun, is that of total and
entire irresponsibility by the Government, while
the condition of the hanks is one of daily
responsibility. We promise to pay, say the lat
ter; 1 piomiso to receive, says the former, fs
not one corsleted in steel, and contending behind
nn impenetrable shield, against an adversary un
armed and unprotected ! l! is literally sweeping
nil adversary in an open plain, from the bastions
of the Muto Castle, or from the fortress of Gib
raltar.
The suddenness with which evolutions whh
money|may be performed, is known to every one
who knows what money is ; and ns soon as this
agent of the Troasmy, (yes, the irresponsible as
well us the “ Independent” Treasury,) with the
aid of a general panic, shall have pressed the
| banks to the point of suspension at Iho great mo
ney comic, winch of ilself would extend ns effects
| to the remotest exliemity of iho country, ho has
only to remove his fiord to Philadelphia, Haiti
! mote, Charleston, Savannah, New Orleans and
I Huston, successively, “for the purposes of the
Government,” and repealing tho movement in
| each, in less than ninety days die entile banks of
| the country me Iho fractions of a discredited
I “ unit, * and the Government, under tho name
and style of Ken bon M. Whitney & Co., would
j f ind ilself supplying tho circulation and selling
the exchanges of the country. Is this tho con
templated separation of the Government from the
banks ? Is ibis tbo patent process for “ unbank*
iug* these institutions, by first forcing irrespon- I
slide Government credits into the circulation, bv
making them so indispensable by law that they
will command bank credits: and these once ob
tained, are they to bo made tbe instruments in the
unbanking process which is to set up an Exchc
; quor Hank, without limits and wiibout responsi
| bilily, upon their ruins ? Ves, without respon
i sibihty, (and of course without limit,) for where
is the shadow of responsibility attached to the
emission ol irredeemable issues ! If convertibil
ity be ihe process by which en over issue by
banks is to be cheeked, it is to lie presumed that
die issues of a government will hardly be restrain
ed by making them inconvertible. \nd when
this paper machine is revived, we lia m exactly
retrograded to the reign of Louis XVI. and of
Fionch assignats, with this d iVcrcnce, that the
French promised to redeem and actually did p.iv
one for seventy., whereas Mr. Calhoun b( b ;ns his
I project with a dislinet exclusion of a promise to
| pay, in which it u tuoie than likely ho will con
1 Unuo am good as hi* Word lo the end. Away .
with such contemptible and paltry einpittcimn 1 I
A boy of twelve could nut be cheated out of his i
penny whistle tvilh L'enton's cravat full ot these
rags; and yet with that amour:! of the “belter 1
currency,” a money changer, with the CJovern- !
rr.cnt to back him in '.he process, could shake Mr.
Kerr Boyce or Judge (Jolcock to the very ends of i
ilieir toenails. The country is not to he deluded
by this most daring and dangerous project of
financial empiricism that has ever been presented
to mankind I
Could any general bank, issuing a convertible
paper, upon which it is made daily responsible
by demand for its redemption in coin, compare,
in its action upon the monetary syslem, with the
danger of the stupendous and irresponsible paper
machine I In my simfle way of estimating the
guards upon a currency, I have hern accustomed
lo suppose that its liability to daily responsibility
for Ur redemption in llie metals was by far the
most safe and effectual. I have been in the habit
too of supposing that where the liabilities were
reciprocal upon their i-suoi, ihat the action and
reaction being e(|ual and contrary, the check
would he mutual between antagonist banks, being
alike subject to the daily check of redemption ;
and hence the security of a general bank, not only
I in its power to check local hanks, but in its lia
bihly to bo checked by them, from the convertible
and responsible nature of its issues, upon which
it could bo brought lo daily account. Hut it
seems that upon this point ot security all former
ages wore deluded ; and that wo have coached ihe
era ul tlnancc, in which a [taper with no other
responsibility resting upon the parly issuing it,
but to lake it back for debts due to himself, is the
salcstand best guarded ! With this sole obliga
tion resting upon the drawer of such paper, what
is to hinder one not worth the paper and ink
from extending his credits in this form without
limit, and getting jn return into his hands a [taper
in general credit, issued by responsible hanking
institutions, with it buying himself rich in prop
erty, and having no debts due to him, his paper
is never returned for him to receive. A govern
ment, it teems, under this arrangement, may do
with impunity, and even with honor, what an
individual would ho whipped in any esurt of!
sessions in any civilized country for doing. It
may “cheat mankind with false tokens, culcula
leil lo ileceive the public at large in oilier
words it may swindle ami defraud the innocent
holders of these tokens, when its citizens are pun
ished for a like ceurse.
Hut :l may be (bought Ihat these consequences
may all be averted by a constant reflux of the
coins back to the banks, through treasury dis
bursemenls of the metals to government creditors.
Is any one so simple as to imagine, that if a dtaft
were offered lo the government creditor, at the
same cost that ho would have to incur in trans
porting the metals, that there is one man in one
hundred thousand, who would freight a vessel, or
load a caravan with the former, when he could
answer his purpose equally well with a piece of
paper, which he could carry in his pocket ? If
he were lo take specie, it would not bo for trans
porlation, but the puicliase of a bank’s or a bro
ker’ draft, which would answer him no better and
nut so well as that of an exchequer, which had
absorbed the whole metallic basis of the country.
And before (hero could be a possibility of rcllux
the whole mischief would bo done, by a general
discrediting of the entire bank circulation of the
country, and pushing out government proc. as a
substitute for depreciated bank credits.
This brings me lo consider the political opera
tion of a government bank, which I will examine
in my next.
A word of the Mercury editorial of the 16th,
and I have done ; with what purpose the wanton
intimations of that article were directed against a
man whose years, infirmities and peaceful occu
pation should at least have protected his privacy
from intrusion, is not to be accounted for, unless
it be from a disposition to evade tho subject, by
an »i>pcutl v«» i\\o jvcisttii. I have no Wlßll lO lUII
into the hands of the press gang of the inde
pendent treasury parly, and 1 have merely noticed
Ibis attack, to throw a shield before the person of
a venerable and declining friend, whose extreme
age could not protect him from their mercy or
Ilieir magnanimity. That Dr. Cooper lias not
thought proper lo acquiesce in taking money (rom
parliament, and placing it, free of all restraint,
into executive custody, is perhaps, to be ascribed
to the fact that his ripe and steadfast republican
ism was learned in a country where it lias ever
been esteemed a great conservative guard of lib
erty, that, the purse should be kept beyond the
reach of the hum! which grasped (he sword ; and
even in this country, it is difficult lo [rerceive how
Ihe paper guards of a constitution could resist the
power of an Executive who struck with the one
while ho subsidised with the other.
As lo the substance of these numbers, it is
easier for the Mercury to pronounce it malicious
than to prove it false : as to their author, it is not
so readily lobe peiceived, why the editor should
hive adopted an indirect method for ascertiining
a fact about which no concealment is intended,
when a person having a right to inquire shall
seek the information with a more worthy purpose
than the mere gratification of idle curiosity.
NAKED TRUTH.
From Ihe Jivhimco-Medical Recorder.
Dr. liolcoinbc’s Recipe for preparing the
Tomato lor Medical use.
"1 now cheerfully and gratuitously bestow up
on the community at large, what has cost me
much labor and time; and my most sincere desire
is, that the world may become as fully satisfied of
the excellency of tins medicine us 1 have.
I mash the tomatoes and press them in tho
same maimer that 1 would apples, to make cider
--having the press fixed in such manner, with
straw, as to prevent tho seeds or rinds from run
ning out wiili the juice. 1 then reduce the juice
by evaporation, over a slow fire, lo the consislon
cy of honey in cold weather, or to that ol stiff tar.
In this slate, if it be put into wide mouthed, but
tles or small jars, and secured entirely from the
air, it may be kept as long as necessary, perhaps
for several years. 'This extract alone, taken in
doses of 30 or 40 grains, will act as a mild cath
artic; it has a fine effect upon the bilintly organs,
and is also diuretic and diaphoretic.
From various experiments on the fruit, in its
different stages, 1 have proved to my own satis
faction, that the green fruit, when fully grown,
is much better for medical uses, than the ripe.—
Try it, gentlemen, and you will be satisfied.
Dr. Heunctt lias done much good, by introdu
cing to public notice this invaluable vegetable as
a medicine; he has written several valuable arti
cles on the subject, the first of which was publish
ed between three and four years ago.
Hut I claim to be the first who introduced the
extract, which I finst prepared in the fall of 1835,
though Dr. Miles has made many people believe
it is original with himself.
While on tho subject of the tomato, I will men
tion api tit which 1 believe is not generally
known, by which the natural flavor, (rather, 1
would say,) the fruit in its natural stale, may be
preserved for winter use.
Take up tho vines in the fall before they be
come injured by tho frost, with the green fruit on
them, and hang them up in a house where they
"ill not be likely lo freeze; be careful not to hang
them in very thick clusters, lest the fruit should
rot. Thus the tomatoes will ripen and bo nearly
as good as when taken from the green vine.
A. J. HOIA’OMUE ”
Tuscaloosa, Ah.
We learn that there was a very severe blow at
New Haven last evening, accompanied with thun
der and tain. The rain was very much needed.
I omlinson’s bridge, we are informed. w» d struck
"ith lightning, and slightly damaged.
wvrrv—r- —~—.~rrs—~r**-rr« -wr-r-n - i-rrvrm
CHOONICLK AND SENTINEL,
augh/stA.
Sntnnlay llurninj, .Inly SIR,
STATE UIGIITS TICKET
FOU COSOKESS.
WM, C. DAWSON,
R. W. HABERSHAM,
J. (;. ALFORD,
VV. T, COLQUITT,
E. A, NISBET,
MARK A. COOPER,
THOMAS BUTLER KING,
EDWARD J. BLACK,
LOTT WARREN.
1 *“ [ ‘ ’
i We have received a copy of the fifth annual
report of the stockholders of the Richmond, Frcd
| crickshurg and Potomac Rail Road, made hy the
j President and directors, in conformity with the
! act of incorporation, from which it appears that
the affairs of the company are in a prosperous
condition. The net income applicable to divid
j ends, on the first day of June 1837, was $ 10,592,
02, and the income from the first day of June,
1807, to the Ist day of June, 1838, amounted to
! Ji11,040 28, making together $127,038 30. The
! whole amount of current expenses and intercA
I paid from the first day of June, 1837, to the Ist
day of May, 1838, was $73,195 06. Deducting
the one from the other, the net balance constilu.
ting the dividend fund, is $54,143 64 out of which
the company were able to pay $730,000, the
amount oflhcir capital stock—to divide four per
cent on the first of November, and three per cent
on the first of May. Making seven per cent for
the past year. The company were also well sat
| isfied that no semi annual dividend hereafter will
he less than 3 percent.
Thermometer,
The following is the state of the Thermometer
during tho past week, kept at the Globe Hotel in
(his city, in a cool situation.
July, 9am | 12 m | 2 p m | 4p m | 6p m | 8 p m
22nd 84 89 931 93 90 i 88"
23rd 82 85 80 88 80 84
24 th 80 82 84 80 80 84
251 h 82 80 90 91 90 80
20m 84 88 93 94 92 93
27th 84 91 i 95 97 97 88
At 5 o’clock P. M. yseterday, the Thermometer
stood at 98, being the highest degree attained this
season in this city. Notwithstanding the great
heat, tho city remains quite healthy.
Florida.
The latest advices we have from this territory
stale that the citizens of Columbia county, have
generally left their homes and plantations, in
consequence of the frequent appearance of tho
Indians in the ncigborhood.
Melancholy Occurrence.
We regret to learn, says the Charlotte (N C.)
Journal, that on tho 4th of July, while a nnmber
of persons were engaged in firing a cannon in
Providence Settlement, the piece exploded, and
killed instantly Wm L Patton, Esq , and wound
ed Josiah Boycs, seriously, and Hugh Peoples,
slightly. Tho accident, it is said, was produced
altogether from a want of proper care in loading,
iiieuieccu or me gu« was rnrown anout 170
yards.
Florida Crops.
The Tallahassee papers state that (lie crops of
Corn and Cotton in Middle Florida, arc unusual,
ly good for the season. The corn crop will ho
much larger than last year, more having been
planted than usual. The lateness and drouth of
the spring kept the cotton backward, hut the
recent rains have brought it forward aston
ishingly.
Henderson, the Forger.
The Cincinnati News states that Mr. Alex
ander Hunter, Marshal of the District of Co
lumbia, arrived in that city on Wednesday the
18th, for the purpose of claiming Henderson i
the Tresury note forger. He was fully identifi
ed hy the Marshal, as the real “Simon Pure,”
and the rewaid of $l,OOO paid to officers Jones
and Hazcn, who arrested him.
We learn says the N. V. Whig that the U S.
Bank, has entered into a scheme, hy which
many of the banks of Mississippi and Alabama
can be privileged to draw on the cast at 12
months time, in redemption of their excessive
circulation. If this be (rue to a sufficient extent
a resumption of specie payments must follow
in those states ere long.
At Tallahassee on the 2st, Flour was r-ellmp
at $l4 a 10 per bbl; bacon sides at 18 a 17 els;
do hams 20 a 25; lard 12} ; corn $1 75; salt 4 ;
coffee cte; sugar 11; pork $25 a 30.
F. O. J. Smith, has been nominated by the
Conservatives of Maine, ns their candidate for
Governor.
The Hon. George Evans lias been nominated
by the Whigs, for reflection to Congress, in
Kennebec district.
Wc learn that a few days ago in York Dis
trict, South Carolina, two young men named
McKee and Harris were stubbed by a negro fel
low who had runaway, while they were in the
act of lying him. He then made his escape but
was soon arrested, and he has no doubt ere this
paid with his life for this alicmpt on the lives ol
others. It is vciy doubtful whether the young
1 men will recover. Since writing the above, the
j following statement of facts have been furnished
j us hy otic of the Jury who sat on the trial.—
Charlotte, -V. C. Journal.
More Stabbing ami Murder.
A Mr. W m. M Kee last January, hired for one
year, a stout hearty young negro man, who pro
ved to be somewhat disobedient and ungoverna
ble, and in the course ot the season had runaway
two or three limes. On Thursday the 12th in
stant, he again eloped, and Mr. M’Kco took with
him a Mr. Wallace Harris and went in pursuit
of him on Sunday night the 15th, and about 10
o clock found him at Mr, H. M. White’s where
Iho had a wife. M'Kee went into the kitchen
I and brought him out into the yard, while Harris
•t' J oil at the door. He then ordered him to cross
his hands with a view to tie him, which the fcl.
low (John) did with apparent submission, but
immediately afterwards made a stroke at M’Kee
with a knife and cut him in the lower part of the
abdomen. Harris then made a stroke at him
with a stick, the boy then made a lunge at him
and stabbed him in the upper part of the abdo
men. John then made bis escape. Some noise
being made roused up Mr. White and Mr. Kim
hre|. and when they found the young men they
"CIO both holding their tn'e-titjeg j n rhrii hands
M'Kee’n bk pretty pooh pul back, but Harris's
remained obliuded about labours, and the Doc
tors were then unable to put them bark until the
orifice was enlarged. A company of men suc
ceeded on Monday night, the lOlh, in taking
John, and a Court was organized c*. Tuesday
the 17th, at the house of James M’Kee, Esq., for
the trial of John, when and where be was found
guilty of Felony, and was ordered to be bung on
Friday, the 20th inst.,at the forks of the road
near Doctor Moore’s plantation. Mr. M’Kee died
about It o’clock on Tuesday, while the Court was
| engaged in the (rial; and Mr. Harris’s case is
considered extremely doubtful, from the nature of
the wound and the warmness of (he season.
The conduct of the owner of this boy, Mr.
Robert D. Spruit, is considered laudable and
praiseworthy,as he has manifested every dispoai
■ lion, that John should he brought to trial and pun
ishment, for as the Stale does not pay for the prn
: perty of slaves executed, it has been too much
1 of a practice of running them out of the way of
. justice, and the chances of escape heretofore for
e “loves have been more than that of white men.
Owing to their value they are rarely ever execu
-3 led for F'elonies.
1 Indian Land , York Sis., July 18, 1838.
From the Buffalo Journal July 18.
Rail Road Accident*
!, A serious accident occurred on the Lewiston
, Kail Road, day before yesterday. As the cars
were descending the mountain by horse power,
conveying a company of U. S. troops under the
G command of Capt. J. Smith, such an im{ cu ; was
t caused by the rear car not being controlled by the
t brakes, as to alarm the driver, who jumping from
, his scat, left the train. The very next instant the
5 horse was crushed to death, the forward car fore
• cd off the track, ran down the precipice about lil
i ly feet, being completely demolished. About
3 twelve soldiers were more or less injured by cuts
r »nd bruises. One poor fellow had his leg so shat
tered as to probably require amputation. Every
t attention was paid by the citizens of Lewiston, lo
r the sufferers, who were conveyed by the Steam
. | boat United States to Fort Niagara:
j | Ihe officers, with their wives and children, and
the wives and children of several of the privates
fortunately were in the middle car, and escaped
all danger and injury.
Comparative dimensions of the s eam ships Si'
rius, Royal William and Tiger.
ft. ins. ft. ins. ft. ins.
Length, 181 10 ICC 05 166 06
• Bearn, 28 63 20 00 28 00
Hepth, 18 00 16 09 18 10
Cylinders, 60 60 00
Stroke, 6 03 5 00 6 00
Tonnage, 696 tons. 617 tons. 524 tons.
Horse power, 228 276 256
*>>
t [ / rom the Baltimore American.]
The following is the concluding or rec apilula
lory portion of the Report of the Clerk of the
House of Representatives of the United States,
' showing' the appropriations made, new offices
3 created, and officers the salaries of which are
1 increased, during the first and second sessions \
o f the Twenty fifth Congress of the United ,
1 States. This Report is made in obedience to an ,
act of Congress: I
RECAPITULATION.
Extra Session. ,
| For he support of the Government
r and suppression of Indian hostili
ties for the year 1837. (52,109,000
1 Second Session 25: h Congress.
1 Civil and diplomatic, 8,252,360 22
- Army, 5,127,800 10
Fortifications, 1,015,415
’ Protection of the Northern frontier, 025,500
1 Navy, ‘ 6,062,136 30
. Revolutionary and other pension
) ers, 3,058,533 02
Current expenses of the Indian
Department 3,002,427 73
Preventing and suppressing Indian
f hostilities, 7,739,410 41
Harbors, 1,535,008 57
‘ Lighthouses, 307,010 30
3 Miscellaneous, 540,300
i Private claims, 45,103 00
f
, 5538 413,004 87
’ Statement of the new offices created and the sa
laries of each and also a statement of the of
fices the salaries of which are increased, and
the amount of such increase, during the two
- last sessions of Congress, made in pursuance
of the Gth section of the act of the'id July,
, 1836, to provide for the appropriation of ad
ditional payments, and fur other purposes.
1 NEW OFFICES.
• Governor of the Territory of lowa f $1,500
’ As superintendent of Indian Affairs S 1,000
s Secretary of the Territory of lowa, 1,200
Chief justice supremo court Territo
ry of lowa, 1,500
Two associate justices (1,500 each,) 3,000
. District attorneys, same a* others,
h Marshal “ “
a Judge criminal court District ofCo
-2 lumbia, 2,000
J udge orphans’ court District of Co*
c lumbia, 1,000
it Two registers and two receivers,
,v Wisconsin Territory west of the
Mississippi, same compensation
as others,
g Surveyor General Wisconsin Terri*
“’. r y, 1,500
’ Register and receiver northwestern
■ land district of Louisiana, same as
others.
Collector for the port of % icksburg. 500
' NEW HEOJMEST OF INFANTtIV.
r 1 colonel, same compensation as other officers
of same grade,
j 1 lieutenant colonel do do
1 major do do
1 10 captains do do
10 Ist lieutenants do do
10 2d lieutenants do do
_ ARTILLERY,
j 4 captains, same compensation as other officers
of similar grade,
g 4 Ist lieutenants do do
t 42d lieutenants do do
roiti’s nr r.NuiNEr.ns.
, 1 lieutenant colonel, same pay as other officers
T of same grade in the dragoons,
e 2 majors do do 1
q 6 captains do do
COMMISSARY DEPARTMENT. i
1 assistant commissary general of subsistence, '
pay same as lieutenant colonel of cavalry. 1
e 1 commissary of subsistence, pay of quarter- 1
. masters of the army.
. 3 commissaries of subsistence, pay of assistant r
y quartermasters.
- OUDXANCE.
h * majors, pay of officers of dragoons of same
t grade. I
[) 1 professor of chemistry, mineralogy, &c. at
c West Point, pay of professor of mathematics.
a MEDICAL DEPARTMENT,
s V surgeons, same pay as other surgeons,
s Note.—The other appointments authorized '
, by ibe new army bill are staff appointments, to
t be made from the lino of the army, and do not
i | increase the number of officers.
" | The afiair Settled. ,
Wo understand that the difficulties, growing
1 out of the iccapturc of the American schr. Lone "
! between Captain Olarke. her commander, and the
| prize officer, M. LeCoet, was honorably adjusted i
this morning, by an exchange of two shots at ■
; twe.ee paces. M’eare happy to learn that nci
■ l '.her of the parties were injured, M. Lc o„et
"'Uic-l lo continue llit fight until cube, k, ffil
L *y l " n ‘-’larko should be wounded ' or k^ : HP
lull, through the laudable exertions of hi,?BW
eomb:, Ibid desperate procedure was obviate,*
mir o),inmn, they are boil, honorable and » Bft*
men, and we hope ll,at, having proved lh •
rage, they will again become hicnJ.; _ v
Coll, ■
[hram the A'. V. I Chief, July 23,1
Money Market. “ 1
It is an admitted truth, dial the State 0 1 \ 9
\ ork, according to her population, her
and her resources, compared with those of IB
oilier stales, should have within her borders
hundred millions of bank capital. The delicic' B ‘
cy in this respect under which our state has hith'B'r
erto labored, was always supplied by loaning ih I'
credit ot the New England slates. In being tbu I
compelled to seek abroad that which we
have had at home, the loss to our enterprising I
merchants and citizens, has been almost inealeu' I
hible. This fact, though long known to our statec ft
men and financiers, could never induce them n H
lake such measures for the increase of the ban HH
king capital ot the stale as was demanded by our BSP
necessities, and (bus lo put an end to our slavid, feff
dependence on the tesonrees of others. Will
out wise men were so ajsalhetic in a case of such k£l
manifest importance, it is not for us now to e , I
plain. En passant, wc refer our readers lo tl le 9-
policy of our former rulcts, as a key to unlock Kjl
the door that leads to these anti patriotic acts H
Luckily for the cause of our prosperity, howevc, yfe;
a whig Huu?o of Assembly were returned to* power |i|
by the people last year. That house persuades’ W’
of the paucity of capital under which our enter. tP|
prise was daily sufficing, brought i n the general
bank law project, and in opposition to the rulina
Senate and Governor, gave their verdict in its f a . */j&
vor. Under this very law wc are happy now i„ Wk
announce, that it is in contemplation by that 19
largo and honorable class of our citizens who deal 9
in borne and foreign merclmndiso, the importinc
and jobbing merchants, to erect a banking asso f-’S
elation with a capital of fifty millions of dollars H
Mo understand that the capital of this concern M
is to be subscribed for and paid in, in the good m
old way, that is, in hard cash. The association M
intend to exclude bond and mortgage values, and Si
in doing so, they manifest a knowledge of baits H
king very different from the popiular notions now r
afloat. The experience of the past assures us, \
that for the active business of commerce, an ac. '*§
live, tangible capital is necessary. The importing s
and jobbing interest dues not onfv require a hea
vy paid up capital for its full and healthy piost- li
cution, but a large amount ot funds is needed to -I
anticipate the realization of values incident on m
the system of granting credit to the interior deal- “
crs. Had an institution existed like this capable p
of sustaining this portion of the mercantile 3
munily when the pressure of 1837 came on,
thousands of dealers would have been spared to O'
commerce, and nine tenths of the misery that It
now assails our eye, would have been warded off.
With the capital paid up in the hard stuff, wo I
have no tears for tho success of this institution.
Men arc very apt to manage well a trust of great I
value. $
1 lie United States Hank of Pennsylvania is
busily engaged in preparing to establish in this
city the association promised by it to the Board
ot I radc. What the exact amount of capital is
to be, we have not heard. Those concerned are
endeavoring to procure a suitable lot on Wall
street, on which it is intended to erect a building
somewhat similar to the Bank of America. Tho
addition of a tew millions of dollars to our bank*
ing capital from such a source as that of the
Pennsylvania United Sta cs Bank, cannot fail to
be useful in enabling our merchants lo reap the
advantages of internal exchanges, without being
subject to the late ruinous prices charged by some
of our banks on domestic bills. Enjoying a pc.«
section of machinery, and an unlimited confidence.
Ui unitcio ooaittJiva at uincrent points of tlio ■
Union, this bank can perform the duties required
ol her at a much less rate than a new establish*
ment. In this point of view, no doubt, the new
association will chiefly confine itself to tho ex
change business, as the most profitable to itself,
and advantageous to the community.
Stocks were rather flat today. The sales were
larger than on yesterday. Tho closing prices of
U. S. Bank was 119. J.
Jhe question of resumption, so far as regards
nearly all the suspended stales, is now considered
as settled. The batiks of Richmond and Boston
will not attend the Convention of Monday the
23d instant in Philadelphia, but have signified
they are ready to follow the example of the U. S.
Bank.
1 he Secretary of the Treasury, as cr vainly try.
ing lo sell the U. S, Bank bonds for the last ten
days, has advertised for proposals. There arc
two of them, each for $ 1,986,589, bearing inter*
est at the rale of 0 per cent, a year, from March
9,183 U. Tho first one is due September 1839,
and tho eccond one September 1840. If they are
not sold, Congress must be called together early
in October, to provide the ways and’means la j
keep the wheels of government going.
COMMERCIAL. {
NKW ORLEANS MARKET, JUI.V 22.
Cotton.—Unccivod from the 15th to the 21st msf
19(8, exported 11040 bales. Stork on hum), inclu
ding all on shipboard, 68,006 bales. In the early
prompt last week we had a moderate demand for
Louisiana Mississippi i a qualities over middling
lair, arid lor North Alabaman, from fair to good in
crops for the northern markets. On Wednesday
the demand became general and continued through,
out tho week. Tho sales amount to 6000 bales,
and prices for all kinds were fully supported, par
ticularly tho better descriptions, which are, it any
llung rather dearer. The stock on sale is fast di
minishing, large shipments of North Alabama on
factors’ account are now under way for Europe
mid tho north. Our receipts will not full off tor
the I alnnce ol tins season. We have got in nearly
all the North Alabamas and Tennessees, and very
iiille morels expected from Mississippi and Louis
jam until new makes its appearance, wide li wc
look tor early m September, from Hie very fine
weather we continue io hum. On Friday last we
got by express mail Liverpool accounts to June Bth,
Havre to June 9—they had no effect on our market.
The sales in Mississippi and Louisiana have been
at Bal Os ordinary lo fully middling lair ; 11 a 13
fair to good ; in North Alabamns and Tennessees,
7 a Hi ordinary to middling fair; 8j a lie fully
middling fair to choice in crops ; Texas, 9 a 101 c
MARINE I NT E L LIG ENC E,
I jl AH I.F.S t O\, , I n!y 2,7, —Arrived yesterday, brig
York llntJ ' Uo,l? > Havolll1 ' u *• brig George, Hull, New
Cleared, shio Fnrali fi case. Merry, T mate, ship Dnf
i win, Myers, Havre, nnd liordcimx hrinj Hunter, l»oni
(ley, Itosldii, line brig Alunna, Ke .drirk, Huston, steam
packet Georgia, Hollins,N 0rf,,!!..
Went to sen yesterday-ship, N. „ i rsev. Dickson, Li
verpool, brig Motiauk, Crock* r. Ilurdeatix, tine brig
Langdon Clie-vrs, Harrison, I’Jii inH-lphiu, brig Howell,
Kruse, Havana, t>leam packet Georgia, Hollins, Haiti
more. 07
THE A i i; r stT m RROII,
A semi-monthly journal, devoted to Folilo Litera
ture, Music, and useful intelligence, is published
every oilier Saturday, by W. T, Thompson, at $3
per annum, in advance. If July 27
Augusta Ucnevolcnt Society.
The fallowing are tho Visiting Committees ap
pointed to act lor the present mouth :
Division No. I.—J. W. Meredith, Cjrus Fife,
Mrs. McCoy, and Mrs. Nancy Jones.
Division !, o. 2,--Rev. C. F. Stnrges, Ur. E O.i
borne, Mrs. E. Colo, and Miss E. Morrison.
Division No. 3,—Samuel C. Wilson, Porter Flem
ing, Mrs. Barna McKinne, and Mrs. E. W. Collier
■July 1 1 T S. STOY, See'y.
{Ur During my absence drum the Slate, William
H. Cuahney and Nathaniel Patten, are my autltot
ised agents, for the transaction ol business connect
cd with the, office of the Chronicle & Sentinel
WILLIAM E to.\E>
Augusta, July 7, 1838