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THE SOUTHERN WORLD, MARCH 15,1882.
tick.” But what if the merchant should
say:
“O foolish and impecunious generation,
ye seeketh after tick, but no tick shall be
given you save the tick of the prophet Jo
nah.”
You know, my brethren, he tried to obey
the Lord on tick, and the consequence was
that he got ducked in the sen and swallowed
by a whale, and walloped around generally
in a way that made him “git up and git.’’
Just so will you get soused in a sea of
trouble, swallowed by a whale of debt, and
walloped about until you will look meaner
than the sneaking “yaller” dog that Adam
found slinking around his kitchen, and has
slunk around the universal creation ever
since.
O, misguided brethren, are you content to
sit, like a legion of Lazaruses, at your mer
chant's doors, and feed on the crumbs you
can beg from their bounty? Can you stand
up like men and feel that you are free born
American citizens as long as you whine
after others for your "vittles?" Then rise,
rise ye slothful farmers, from the bog holes
of credit, soarnloft on the blessed conscious
ness of having raised your “vittles,” and year
after year you will rise higher, and higher
when your lives shall reach the “sere and
yellow leaf," you will perch on the pinna
cle of independence, and, planting the point
of your thumb on the apex of your nose,
you will be able to twist your fingers in
contemptuous defiance at the hordes of Shy-
locks who lie in wait for the unwary farmer,
trying to gobble up all he makes by furnish
ing him “vittles.!' And when the caterpil
lar, like the angel of death, shall spread bis
wings on the blast, and sweeping from cot
ton field to cotton field, shall gather into his
capacious stomach the crop of the South,
then rising from his feast, like an eagle with
bloody talons, shall startle the land with his
exultant screams of
GUILD RES, WHERE’S YOUR "VITTLES?”
then you will be able to smile “with a smile
that is cliild-like und blund,” and shout
back the defiant answer:
“I got you that time old fellow, 1 raised
'em myself."
Thendrom every hill-top and out of every
valley, ten thousand times ten thousand
“sperrits of just men made perfect” will
kick up their heels and shout
DULLY KOR YOU.
OX-BUTTJEB.
Northern exchanges continue to publish
fulminations against oleomargarine, and the
law making powers of several States and
Congress have been invoked to prohibit its
manufacture, or at least its sale as genuine
butter. Under heavy penalties, manufactu
rers have been required to brand upon each
package of the obnoxious rival, the word
“oleomargarine,” and there is but little
doubt that that the cow-butter” interest
would be glad to see this new manufacture
prohibited by law. To a disinterested out
sider—a mere consumer of butter, this war
fare appears unjustifiable. If oleomarga
rine is not pronounced unwholesome by
competent and disinterested authority, or
is-not found to be deleterious by those who
consume it, it is a little difficult to find a
substantial and unselfish reason for unnec-
cessary restrictions on its manufacture and
■ale. It does not appear that those who
buy butter for consumption are making any
fuss about it, and it would seem that the
genuine butter producers are rather suspici
ously tender of the palates and stomachs of
consumers. The opposition to the sale of
oleomargarine by butter makers is a very
high tribute to its excellence as a substi
tute for the genuine article. For our part
we much prefer a good quality of real butter
to even the best of oleomargarine; but the
latter is superior in every sensible respect to
more than half the ituff what is sold as butter
in Atlanta. We have several times lately
been constrained to buy the “oleo” because
an even passable article of the genuine
could not be found. The idea of the dairy
men seeiUB to be that theirs is such an old
established business—having existed “time
whereof” even the most ancient history
“runneth not to the contrary"—that they
and their cows hold a prescriptive indefeasi
ble right to supply the world with butter, and
that it is an unwarrantable usurpation on
on the part of any one, to offer an imitation
or substitute. The butter makers want
something in the nature of protection—not
against foreign competition, but against
their own neighbors and fellow citizens!
Manufacturers of oleomargarine are de
nounced as unscrupulous and unprincipled
because they are seeking to introduce an ar
ticle as butter that so nearly resembles it
ttykt Qveij good judges arc liable to t>9 de
ceived and Imposed upon; and they ask leg
islative interference to prevent the “dear”
consumer (?) from being so grossly deceived.
What will be done to protect the poor un
lettered man who cannot spell out the
forbidding word—o-l-e-o-m-a-R-o-a-r-i-n-E?
Would it not be a good idea to require every
manufacturer and dealer to furnish some
genuine butter alongside of every pack
age of “oleo" and require the seller on
oath to tell euch consumer "which is
which?”
So far thcra is no intimation of similar
movements on the part of pork-packers
against the manufacturers of cotton seed oil
—alias cotton “butter"—alias “salad oil,”—
alias “cookoline,” etc. The reason of this,
perhaps, is the fact that the cotton seed oil
bears so little resemblance to hog's lard to
the eye that no one is liable to be deceived
by it. But what of its sale as a substitute for
olive oil? Theanswer is—there is no manufac
turers of genuine olive oil or growers of olive
in this country. Indeed, we are told that
the foreign producers of olive oil are the
principal buyers of cotton seed oil to be sold
again as the genuine olive.
This is a hint to the butter men. Let
them go into the butterine and oleomarga
rine business and make it reputable
Then where are the manufacturers of glu
cose or corn starch syrup as substitutes for
cane syrup and honey. They ought to be
prohibited or put on terms in some way to
protect the dear people from imposition,
and cane growers and bee-keepers from such
dangerous (to high prices) competition.
In all seriousness we do not think there
is any greater necessity for legislation in
one case than in the other. The people
should be protected from the imposition of
such articles as are either worthless or inju
rious and whose quality or character cannot
be detected by ordinary inspection; and
they should also be allowed the full benefit
which conies from competition and increas
ed production, where no harm can result to
them. The remedy for the dairymen is in
their own hands. . Let them make such a
quality of butter and at such moderate
prices as will effectually break down the
business of imitators. I’eople will npt buy
the imitation when they can get the genuine
at the same price.
The truth Is (W6 fear) the dairymerr fore
see failure in the effort to compete in prices
and so cry “wolf” promptly, and invoke leg
islative restriction and popular prejudice in
their behalf. •
There are those who even now are expect
ing greater revolutions in the art of manufac
turing food—even from crude and unassimi-
lable materials. Sytheticul chemistry as ap
plied to the production of food is in its
swaddling clothes.
It is not now so devoutly believed as for
merly, that science can never successfully
supplement natural processes in the pro
duction of compound substances, different
in no respect—save their origin—from natu
ral organic compounds. Rapid progress has
been made in manufacturing useful buil
ding materials of straw, waste paper, sand
and lime; and a great variety of useful
and ornamental articles are now made which
are utterly unlike the original materials.
The manufacture of oleomargarine, it is
true, is not a purely scientific process, but
its close imitation of the genuine is very
suggestive of what may be achieved. We
are surrounded on all sides by the element
which enter into the composition of butter,
sugar, etc. We breathe them every mo
ment; we drink them also with every
drought. In the light of the achievements
of science during the past fifty years, who
will put bound.! to her further progress in
any direction—save towards Divine attri
butes?
We need no literal Creative power, but
only to comtiound elements already created.
If the ingenuity of man can devise new
forms of food by the direct combination of
these elements, instead of waiting on the
slow and roundabout processes of nature,—
food that shall be found wholesome, pala
table and nutritious, and less costly
than-the natural articles—people will ap
prove and adopt them in spite of legisla
tion. R. J. R.
Mr. P. J. Berckmans, of Augusta Ga.,
says that the demand for superior fruit is
always greater than the supply. The va
riety of peaches ripening from the middle
of June to the last of August will generally
be found to be the most profitable. We can
compete successfully with growers living
four or five hundred miles nearer New
York. We have other fruits that are as
profitable as peaches, notably the wild goose
plum and early applet!,
Horticultural Bonanzas.
One of the evils of the times, growing out
of a desire to please, rather than a disposi
tion to seek and promulgate truth, finds ex
pression in the columns of leading political
journals, occupied by the effusions of “spe
cial correspondents” in which the profits of
particular enterprises are exaggerated, for
tunes won without labor and fame acquired
in a single newspaper article.
An important question for the. reader to ask
himself when he reads the effusions of these
“specials” is—how much was he paid for
this? Is this a truthful representation of
facts made for the sake of truth itself, or is
it an advertisement for which the correspon
dent is liberally paid by those whoso enter
prises and profits are so thoroughly ven
tilated. We have recently read several
“specials” on matters relating to horticul
ture, which suggested these inquiries. Men
who have, according to their own state
ments to us, lostynoney by their enterprises,
have been represented as marching with
flaming colors at the head of a grand army
of bonanza kings. A large quarto monthly
apparently advocating the interests of south
ern industries, fills its pages with hand
somely gotten up advertisements of indi
vidual enterprises, which suggest to the
unsuspecting reader, wonderful - enterprise
on the part of the editor in collecting so
much instructive matter relating to the va
rious industries seeking his patronage. He
never suspects that every page of the paper
is occupied by an advertisement for which
a round sum has been paid, and paid just
because it is presented in the deceptive
guise of editorial reading.
The rending public demands sensation;
the ungarnished truth is too plain to be ap
preciated or believed. Baron Munchausen
is the hero of the times and his effusions
are devoured with all the relish with which
“sweet sixteen” gulps a dime novel.
Now, these extravagant reports of profits
arising from special enterprises, while they
serve the temporary purpose of pleasing
and perhaps profiting the interested parties
by advertising their business and putting
money in the purses of the specials, and the
papers in which their effusions are pub
lished, do much mischief, exciting expecta
tions that not only never have been, but
never can be realized in a legitimate bus
iness. Florida is strewn with the wrecks of
the fortunes of hundreds who have been en
ticed to the State by golden-tinted articles on
the “golden orange,” which, like the “golden
hoofed” sheep, has furnished the inspiration
for numerous “bonanza” effusions.
The natural effect of such gaudily painted
pictures, is to encourage wild adventure by
inexperienced persons who knowing noth
ing of the toil and expense which have re
sulted here and there in success, but too
often in signal failure, look only to the re
sults os pictured, venture their atl in a bus
iness of all of the details and roads to suc
cess in which they are ignorant.
We do not remember the time when we
were not interested in horticulture in all of
its ramifications, but we have never known
extraordinary results or unusual success at
tained without a display of unusual energy,
enterprise, judgment and skill on the part
of the successful party. We desire to warn
the readers of the Southern World against
embarking in any branch of horticulture
with the expectation of making fortunes
without the expenditure of money and 'a-
bor and the display of enterprise, energy,
skill and sound judgment. In warfare, the
thousands who fight and fall, or fight and
fall, are unhonored and forgotten, while he
who by some fortuitous circumstance sur
vives the conflict, wears the laurels which
were won by others. So it is in every bus
iness of life: the few who make remarkable
successes are held up as beacon lights, but
too often prove only lurements to disaster.
Now we would not deter any one from giv
ing his time, labor and money to horticultu
ral pursuits because of the false beacons held
out to them by sensational writers. On the
contrary we urge all who live in the country
to devote a portion of their time to such
pursuits, believing that if intelligently pur
sued, it will afford not only a reasonable
profit, but to those who have the refinement
to .appreciate it, a high order of pleasure.
Horticulture followed for pleasure, consti
tutes the esthetics of agriculture, and when
intelligently pursued for profit under wisely
selected circumstances, affords as reasonable
a promise of success as any other business,
J. 8, N,
The Science and Art of Budding.
Every bud upon the branches of a fruit
tree, is either a fruit blossom or a tree em
bryo. Those that produce blossoms are
known ag fruit buds, while those thatproduce
roots ami branches, and grow up like a tree,
are called leaf buds.
Buds are single or double; that is, one or
two at the same place. Of the single buds,
the leaf latds at the time of budding, are the
large round plump buds, at the base of the
leaf stein. The fruit bud is designed to be
ready by the next season, and hence is not
generally well developed in the preceding
June, July and August: but the leaf bud
continues to grow, and is ready to expand as
the necessities of the mother tree requires.
Of the double bud, one is a leaf bud, and the
other is a fruit bud.
The leaf bud possesses individual vitality
like a seed, and by development reproduces
its parent tree in all its characteristics, no
matter to what other tree it is transferred.
A Bartlet pear bud transferred to an apple
tree produces Bartlet pears; Moorpark Apri-
cott to the peach—Moorpark Apricotts; the
White English peach upon some other peach
or plumb—White English peaches, and so
on, the bud always retaining its true individ
ual character.
The bud will thrive as well upon any other
tree of its species as upon the tree where it
grows by nature, if properly transferred ; as
it is entirely separated from the wood of the
mother tree, and can grow as readily in the
wood of some other tree. The principle of
its growth is the same in both instances.
There is under the bark, and between the
bark and the wood, a partially formed
woody matter, called the cambium. It gives
support to the roots of the buds, which be
comes deeply embedded in it, as it ripens
into durable wood. This cambium is the same
in trees of the same species, hence, will
nourish any one of the buds of the family
just as well as another.
Take a switch from this year’s growth from
the tree you wish to propugate from. Cut from
it any double bud, or well formed single bud,
as you wish a leaf bud to propagate with.
With a sharp knife begin to cut one-fourth of
on inch before the bud, skinning just a little
of the wood as the knife pops under the
bud to one-fourth of an inch in the rear of
the bud. This will give the bud, with its
shield, a half inch long. Go to the tree upon
which you wish to insert it, and make a cut
through the bark a half inch long, perpen
dicular with the tree, or sprout into which
you wish to bud, and at the top of this cut
through the bark for a fourth of an inch at
right angles to the first cut, making a let
ter^.
Now carefully raise the bark so as not to
break it, or disturb the cambium under
neath, and slip the bud in, so as to have it
fit to the bark above, and the end of the in
cision below. Then with a soft woolen, or
cotton rag string, tie the bark down tightly
above and below the bud. In too weeks cut
off the string, and leave the bud to grow,
which they will do, either at once or the
next season.
When they begin to grow cut off the tree
just above the buds, and the bud will soon,
in a thrifty stock, produce another tree of
the desired variety.
Budding is best done directly after a rain.
The buds should be inserted in young
trees, or in new shoots upon old ones. It can
be done any time from the first of June to
the Inst of August. The time differs a little
in the different kinds of fruit. The rule is,
“when the skin slips well from the wood,
begin to bud.”
Three or four buds should be put into the
same tree so as to provide against failure, as
every bud does not live.—[W. E. H. Searcy.
Dr. Hoskins, of Vermont, says; "Very
few know the productiveness of the garden
strawberry under good cultivation. . I have
picked four peck baskets from a square rod
at a single picking. Crops of 200, and occa
sionally over 400 bushels to the acre, are
reported, and ISO bushels are only a fair
crop. At ten cents a quart this crop would
give a return of (470, more than half of
which will be clear profit
Mr. Vick is quoted as saying that the
“ white worm,” or any other worm, in pots,
may be destroyed by sticking three or four
common matches down into the soil, also
one or two up jn the drain opening. The
phosphorus on the match is certain death
to the animal life, and a powerful fertiliser
to plants.
The San Francisco Call states that Gen.
John Bidwell has shipped to the Eastern
States and Europe over 10,000,000 pounds of
fruit during the last six months.