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THE SOUTHERN WORLD, MARCH 15, 1882.
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the owner, if lie has any taste for stock-
breeding (he had better let it alone if he
has not) will enjoy five times the pleasure
from the thoroughbreds.
Many have been waiting for a decline in
Jersey cattle, only to witness an advance of
nearly one hundred per cent within the last
four years. Jersey cattle, properly selected
and well cared for, afford to-day a better in
vestment than any city property, railroad
or factory stock in the South. When we
say properly cared for, we mean that if not
acclimated they shall be watched with the
utmost care and protected in seasons of ex
traordinary heat and drouth from undue
exposure to climatic influences. We would
be derelict toour duty did we not warn our
readers of the risk incurred in the purchase
of cattle of any breed from the North and
West—greater when brought from the latter
section—of cases from the disease now
known as the red-water, formerly known as
and still called murrain, a term of such
wide meaning ns to mem almost Dothing as
generally understood. It was with a full
knowledge of this risk that we advised in a
former number of the Southern World the
purchase ns far as practicable of acclimated
stock, following ns nearly as possible geo
logical lines rather than those of the par
allels-of latitude.
In a country so favored as is the hill and
mountain regions of the South, the neglect
of the special advmtagesofsoil and climate
by the tillers of the soil is a little less than
criminal. With Bermuda grass, Guinea grass
and crab-grass for summer pasturage, lu
cerne, corn, the millets, Egyptian wheat,
■nembered that Shaddow ran a dead heat n-
gainst Dashing Norvice, and divided first
money (which was $500) for first place in the
Derby Stake, ran at Grand Junction, Tenn
essee, December last, and also received a
handsome silver cup, donated by Mr. Wild,
of New Jersey, for the best puppy in the
stake. Mr. Adams, will return her to Mr.
Dew, of Columbia, who will prepare her for
the Minnesota Field Tests to be held in that
State in September next. The Chicago Field,
in speaking of the race, says: “We regard
Shaddow as the most promising young dog
in America. Barring accidents we shall ex
pect to see her go to the front in the Min
nesota Trials.—[Gallatin (Tenn.) Examiner.
Clydesdale Horses.
Probably no firm in the country is doing
more to improve the breed of farm and
road horses than Powell Brothers, of Spring-
boro, Pa. At their “Shadeland” farm, near
Springboro, is one of the most complete
stock-breeding establishments in the United
States. As an indication of the extent of
their operations, it may be mentioned, that
during 1881, they made some fourteen or
fifteen importations of Clydesdales, consist
ing Of as many as thirty-five head at a single
importation. We give in this issue a spec
imen of their Clydesdale in “Dainty Davie”,
which horse connoisseurs will unite in say
ing, is the perfection of equine beauty. It
is being generally accepted as a fact, that a
heavier breed of horses than those common
ly in use, is necessary for farm work, and it
is also getting to be acknowledged, that the
Clydesdale combines all the elements for a
Clydesdale “Dainty Davie," Imported by Powell Bros., Springboro, Crawford Co., Pa.
Ihe §tack gjepartmnt.
TIiorougti-Iirc'lH null Grades vs Com
mon Ntork.
In a recent number of the Southern
World we had something to say of the in
fluence of the stock law, which has been
adopted in quite a number of counties, and
must of necessity be generally adopted in
other parts of the South, on the character
of the stock reared in the South. We have
daily illustration of this influence by in
quiries at the Georgia Department of Agri
culture about the cultivation of the grasses
and other forage plants and the kind of
cattle to breed and where to get them.
Never since the organization of the Depart
ment have inquiries about grass culture
been so numerous or so earnest os now.
Nor have the evidences of a desire to im
prove the character of the stock bred on
the farms been so marked if we interpret
the inquiries which we receive at the De
partment as an index of such disposition.
We regard them as most encouraging indi
cators and hail them os prophetic of a whole
some revolution in our systen of agricul
ture,—a revolution long advised and often
predicted, but never until now showing
signs of vitality. We have thus prefaced
our remarks in order that the readers of
the Southern World may not be laggards
in the grand march of progress by the only
safe road to prosperity. It costs but little
more to ra sea thorough-bred animal worth
according to size and quality from $50 to
$1000 than to raise a common animal the
maximum selling value of which is meas
ured by the price of beef.
There are farmer in every Southern State
who rear cattle for their milk and butter
who do not realize an average of more than
one gallon per day from each cow, of very
inferior milk and yet it costs very nearly
as much per head to keep these cows as it
would to keep the same number of thorough
breds which, if well selected and bred, would
average three gallons of milk and more
than one pound of butter per day and
butter too which would bring thrice the
pr.ee of the white tallowy stuff called in
our stores "country butter.”
. There are two courses open to farmers
who wish to improve their stock from the
scrub to the thoroughbred.—One by gradual
approach, through grading up and the
other by direct sale of the scrubs and a
purchase of thoroughbred, with the proceeds
so far us it will go. One good cow well
cured for in everv respect will afford un
ample supply of milk and butter to an av
erage family and ah extra good one will
yield a surplus. Now is it not better to
keep one good cow than a dozen poor ones?
A cow that will yield four gallons of milk
will eat no more than one that yields only
one gallon and yet the profits from her are,
so far as milk and butter are concerned,
four times as great.
Instead of feeding and milking four cows
which yield one gallon of inferior milk
each, sell them and buy one thoroughbred
which will yield four gallons of rich milk
per day and bring annually a calf worth
from $50 to $160 when only a few months
old.
Those who with limited means are de
sirous of continuing to keep quite a herd of
cattle and still improve their quality may
do the latter quite rapidly by the introduc
tion into the herd of a thoroughbred bull.
If butter is to be the market product of the
dairy no other breed compares with the
Jerseys. If milk is the principal product
desired and a ready sale can be Imd for it,
the Ayrshire is beyond question the best
breed for the South. Few farmers however
are sufficiently near cities to justify the
sale of milk. In the great majority of cases
therefore the Jerseys are the best source
from which to draw for the infusion
of pure blood. In u recent publication of
remarkable yields of Jersey cows in the
cotton states, Tennella, owned by Mr.
J. B. Wade, of De Kalb county Georgia,
stood at the head of the list, yielding over
three pounds of butter per day. 8uch but
ter sells in Atlanta at fifty cents per pound
and is in greater demand than white “coun
try” butter at twenty-five cents per pound.
Why feed and milk ten cows, the offspring
of which are not saleable except to the
butchers, when two thoroughbreds will
yield mors and better milk and butter, and
whose calves, dropped every year, will sell
for more than ten scrub cows and their an
nual increase in calves are worth. The ten
scrub cows will consume five times as much
as two thoroughbreds and require five times
the labor in milking, feeding, etc., while
clover, etc., for soiling crops, orchard grass,
enselage, wheat, oats and barley for winter
pasturage or winter soiling crops, the most
of which advantages are peculiar to our
climate, together with the resources com
mon to our less fortunate friends of a more
northern climate, we are criminally neg
lectful of the blessings bestowed upon us by
a wise Creator if we fail to utilize them.
We can cure hay and store it in bams as
do our northern friends or preserve green
forage in silos in addition to the peculiar
advantages arising from climutic influ
ences above mentioned.
But says one, this is peculiarly a cotton
country. We admit this, but claim that it
is also peculiarly a stock country, and that
we can rear stock and derive all of the
profits of a stock farm, and then reap more
clear profit from cotton than would accrue
from an exclusive cotton culture as now
ruinously practiced by too many of our
planters. The cattle will not only yield a
profit, but emancipate their owners from
the slavery to the dealers in commercial
fertilizers and at the same time Improve
the soil and make the cotton crop practi
cally a clear money crop, as it should be.
Besides all this the cattle will utilise the
cotton seed in the production of milk, but
ter or beef and transmit through their
manure all the advantages that are usually
derived from their use as a fertilizer. We
have extended this article heyond the lim
its at first intended, but it is a subject so
fraught with interest to our southern far
mer and planter than our pen runs riot.
J. S. N.
Dr. E. 8. Carr, of this county, sold his
Flewellin setter, 8haddow, to Mr. Luther
Adams, of Boston, for $300. It will be re-
perfect draft and farm horse. The Messrs.
Powell have lately made an importation of
Percheron Norman horses for the benefit of
those who prefer that breed to the Clydes
dale. Their stock of trotters and roadsters,
is as good in its way as is their collection of
draft horses, containing several highly bred
young Humbletonian stallions. The firm
also deals in pure Holstein and Devon cat
tle, We are pleased to hear that the de
mand for their stock is increasing almost
beyond the ability to supply it, because we
know that they are doing a good work for
the American farmers in the way of improv
ing American horses and cattle.
Holstein bulls are gentle and docile, and
excellent workers in the yoke. The cows
are large milkers, excelling in that respect
all other breeds. They are easily fattened,
and males often attuiu a weight of two or
three thousand pounds. Females generally
attain a weight from twelve to twenty hund
red pounds. There is considerable demand
for both males and females for breeding pur
poses, enough to take up all the importa
tions, amounting to over four hundred in
1871), and the natural increase, at prices af
fording a reasonable profit, both for the im
porters and breeders. It is a noticeable
fact that half-breed heifers, sired by Hol
stein bulls, generally bring twice and often
three times as much as tb^jrades of any other
breeds willsell for; and this fact is perhaps
tbe most reliable indication of the estimation
in which Holstein cattle are held by Ameri
can farmers who have had experience with
them.—[Prof. Shelton.
The dog catchers of Greenville, 8. C., re
signed, unable to stand the popular indigna
tion. 90 dogs were captured and 20 drowned.
PROTECTION OF 1,1 VK STOCK FROM
DORN.
En. So. Live-Stock Journal:
Having recently received many letters of
inquiry; “how shall I protect my flock from
sheep killing dogs,” und a large majority of
such queries coming from subscribers to
your valuable paper, thought it advisable to
adswer all in one siiort letter through its
columns. After much experimenting, the
following has proven the most beneficial in
protecting sheep from dogs. For a flock of
from 'JO to 100 and 150 head, put on from 14
to 10 bells of vurious sizes and tone. The
bells should vary in size and tone from the
common little sheep bell up to the large
cow bell. It is the variety of tone und sound
that terrifies the sheep killing dog. The
flock should ulwuys be so situated that they
can with ease approach the house of tbe
landlord, through u lane gate or a gap in the
fence, und if occasionally suited neat the
house will invariably approach it at night
to sleep, particularly if disturbed by dog or
person. No dog, I care not how much prac
tice he may have had in killing sheep, can
be induced, even under the most trying con
ditions, to attack a flock having from 14 to
10 bells of different sizes and tone. A dog
severely pressed of hunger, may be influ
enced to attact a flock while lying down at
rest, or silently grazing; but the moment
that doleful sound of sixteen bells of differ
ent size and tone reaches his ear, his tail
will be seen to tuck between his legsnnd Jle
is off for other quarters in a moment. Not
one dog in one hundred cun catch and hold
a strong sheep in a run of 400 to (100 yards,
hence, the advantage of having the flock so
situated that they can at all times approach
the house, which they will invariably do
when opportunity admits.
For over 20 yeurs I have kept a flock of
from 125 to 200 head and although there are
many worthless sheep killingdogsall around
me in the neighborhood, I have not had one
killed by dogs. The tenants and hirelings
residing on my farm, many within 100 yards
of my residence, (who are prone to be dear
lovers of worthless curs) often have from 2
to three eucli, making from 10 to 15 dogs,
upon an average, upon the farm, and many
of them known to be notorious for sheep
killing though, strange to say, yet true, they
have never killed one sheep known to my
self.
However, as often as opportunity affords
I thin out the number by use of strychnine
und shot gun Ac. Hnve often, very often,
witnessed them attack my flock when at a
distance and while lying down, but the in
stant they catch the terrifying sound of 15
bells of different size and tone they quickly
turned in the opposite direction as fast as
their feet could carry them, and I have often
seen the same dogs repeat the attack with in
variably the same result, the scene being
too frightful and exciting to contidue the
chase. Many of my neighbors, who have
lost, by dogs, from one-third to one-half of
their flock in u single night, have been influ
enced to this experiment and all, without
exception, report it eftectuul. Mnhy have
offered thanks, saying, “I would have given
up sheep breeding long ago if it had not
been for your recommendation of bells.”
Less than 14 bells will not accomplish the
object, even though they be of different size
and tone. It would be more profitable to
add to the 1(1 bells than to diminish the flock
of from 100 to 125. Have employed other
means as preventative, such os shot-gun,etc.,
but have found bells the most effectual and
cheapest in the end. For years I have en
deavored to kill by gun or by pistol every
stray dog found upon my farm, which often
thins them out much, butyet the worthless
curs are found in numbers at every negro
hut throughout the country. One other
mode of killing dogs I have found very ef
fectual und private: build a strong rail pen
ten feet square at bottom around the carcas
as a sheep, hog, cow, Ac. In building said
pen commence to slant the rails inward from
the bottom of the pen and thus continue un
til it is 14 or 10 rails high, having the open
ing at the top not more than half as large as
at the bottom; tbe pen thus being inclined
inward all around renders it easy to get into
but impossible to get out. One of my neigh
bors is thus said to have killed 14 dogs one
night, they having killed the sheep, around
which the pen was built the night previous.
Have also caught them in steel traps. A
female in heat confined in such a pen will
give opportunity in a few nights, of making
way with all dogs within live miles. More
anon, M. P. Bailey,
Elkton, Ky.
The Indiana 8upreme Couft has decide^
that dogs are not property.