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THE SOUTHERN WORLD, NOVEMBER 1, 1882.
tpect, over any other farmer of the same
means any where in the State unless it be an
advantage created by the will. Almost any
man having the same will can do as well on
his farm as Mr. Webb is doing, and has done
—chews no tobacco, never tasted intoxicants,
in all respecta temperate, spends no money
for vain show, squanders uselessly n'o time,
and never makes a promise but to fulfil it.
Uses what healtli and strength a kind Prov.
idence sends, with a constant eye to bis ac
countability to his God, and what genius he
may have for an honest purpose. What does
Mr. Webb, and how does he, more or better
than may easily be done by any other?
One Teason some may find farming will
not pay is laziness, pure and simple.
Would such find any avocation to pay ?
Another is, a too frequent cessation, or
intermission to the work of the farm. Can a
man invest his means and time in anything
that will pay if he takes a holiday whenever
he can conjure up any sort of excuse? If he
shall consider “Work time over” fora month
or two every year and leisure and stolid in
difference to business the main employment?
And yet, how many men, owners as well as
renters and croppers, who have no other
source of income but the farm, positively do
nothing but consume for as much as two
whole months of the twelve. These two
months constituting sixteen and two-thirds
per cent, of the year, must reduce the far
mer's income on that ratio. Now if he can,
with this annual loss, still maintain his
financial status of course with constant ap
plication to business, as in the case of men
who invest money and time in railroads,
merchandise, etc., he would double his for
tune every six years.
Now brother Farmer, seriously what think
you? Candidly, on your judgement, un
biased by likes or dislikes, leaving out of
view the idea of !• Winter’s cold and summer’s
heat,” of isolation from city or town society
or temptations, or the real poetry and calm
dignity of rural life,— Will Farmnig pay t I f
not, please call on Mr. George Webb, of De-
Kalb county, and spend an hour at dinnor
time. Fabmeb.
Forman Hnstalned.
Col. E. C. Grier, Secretary of the 8tate Ag
ricultural 8ociety, with four others, visited
not long since the farm of Hon. Farisli C.
Furman, near Millcdgeville, and says:
The farm isabout five miles from Milledge-
ville, and two of the gentlemen stated that
the land was worn out twenty-five years ago,
and would not produce over 200 to 300
pounds of seed cotton per acre when Mr. F.
began his experiments five years ago.
We carefully examined the crops now on
the land, and not one of the five of us put a
lower estimate than C50 pounds of lint cot
ton per acre, and were it not for the fact that
the cotton was too much crowded and liable,
to rot, a much larger yield would be made
beyond a doubt.
The early planted cotton was not so highly
manured and did not grow so luxuriantly,
consequently it bad more sun and was well
matured. On the poorest acre of this early
cotton 600 pounds of lint is a low estimate.
Some of the land was very highly manured
—over three tons of compost to the acre. On
this the rows were five and a half to six feet
wide and the stand fifteen inches in the
drill, the cotton plants six and a half to sev
en feet high, and so interlocked that they
cannot bend, and unless the fall is a very
dry one, we think over one-half of the ma
tured bolls will rot—still a magnificent crop
will be gathered. Mr. F. says that, owing to
the abundance of rain, his cotton has grown
beyond his expectations, and that eight by
four feet would have been the proper dis
tance this year.
We saw cotton planted on the 7th of June
—after a splendid crop of oats had been ta
ken from the land—which was five to six
feet high, with from twenty to forty bolls,
nearly grown, on a stalk. We saw cor.i,
planted afteroats, the fodder ready to pull,
that would yield thirty bushels per acre.
Besides being a first-class lawyer and farm
er, Mr. F. is about os good a road overseer as
I have met with. The road from his place
to Milledgeville has been for many years one
of the worst in the county, Some time ago
Mr. F. applied to be appointed overseer.
After dinner he drove me six miles to the
train over the same road at a four minute lick.
One of the most efficient railroad men, ca
pable of filling any position, Col. A. B. An
drews, Superintendent of the Richmond A
Danville Railroad, has been appointed assist
ant to the President of the road. Col. An
drews will reside in Raleigh. Col. W. H.
Green was made General Superintendent of
the road from Richmond to Charlotte.
GEOlIGIA’fl AOKtCI'I.TUBAL BUREAU.
The biennial report of Hon. J. T. Hender
son, Commissioner of Agriculture for Geor
gia, gives some interesting facts about the
consumption of fertilizers in the state.
The following table shows the number of
tons inspected for each of the last eight
seasons:
.... 46,680 ions.
75,824 ••
™......... 39,478 "
.. 119,583 “
1880-8!
.. .. 152,404 ••
125, 427
1881-82
A total of 763,729 tons or an average of 94,-
210,% tons per year.
The following number of tons of acid phos
phates or dissolved bones were inspected
dnring the past eight seasons:
i87s< 6,«» tons.
1876- 7.„ 12,M2 “
1877- 8...MM. .... 15,312 “
1878- 9 10,291 ••
1879 80 - 18,908 “
1880 81., 22,088 ••
1881-82 20,602 ••
A total of 101,508 tons or an average of 12,-
088% tons per year.
The number of brands of fertilizers in
spected, analyzed and placed upon the mar
ket for each season since the organization of
the Department is interesting.
1874 5 11011878 9 162
1875-0 101 1879-80 182
1870-7 125 1880 81 226
1877 8 1:71681-82 270
Tiie foilowingaverages will befound of in
terest :
GENERAL AVERAGE OP ALL FERTILIZERS.
Available
Phosphoric
Ammonia.
Potash.
Acid.
1874 5
9.23
2.55
5.17
18756
10.94
2.53
2.49
1876-7,
10.87
2.52
2.75
1877-8,
11.43
2.79
2.23
1878-9
10 95
2.70
1.66
1879-80
11.24
2.58
1.33
1880 1-.™..
10.96
2.53
1.41
1881-2
10.88
2.48
1.47
AVERAGES OF AMMONIATED FERTILIZERS.
1874-5.
1875 6.
1876- 7
1877- 8
1878- 9
1879- 80 _...,
1880- 1
1881-2.
Acid.
8.73 ~
10.38
10.51
10.83
11.52
0.53
10.30
10.20
281
2.08
2.73
2.78
2.70
2.50
2.53
2.48
5.21
2.70
2.4.1
2.25
1.64
1.25
1.45
1-58
AVERAGES OF NON-AMMONIATED FERTILIZERS.
1874- 5
1875- 6
1876- 7
1877- 8
1878 9
1879-80
18-0-1
1881-2.
Acid.
“11.60
11.99
11.68
12.10
12.20
1244
12.00
12.48
3.85
4.61
4.54
2.16
1.62
128
1.20
1.05
Previous to 1877-8 the fees arising from the
inspection of fertilizers were perquisites of
the inspectors. During the past five seasons
the Department has inspected 67,GOO,092
tons, receiving therefor $288,000.47. For
tags and expressage $13,631.01 was paid out;
for salary of chemist $14.900; for salaries of
inspectors $29,021,18, a grand total of $67,-
452.19. This deducted from the gross re
ceipts leaves the net sum in the State Treas
ury of $230,548.28.
The report of the State Chemist is full
of valuable suggestions. He gives the fol
lowing organic analyses of No. 1. Red May
wheat, No. 2. Dallas wheat, No. 3. Winter
wheat, unknown variety, No. 4. Ivory
wheat and No. 6. Millo Maize:
Water
Crude tlbre
March, aum.s'gr
Album! n olds"..."
Ash
I No. 1.1 No. 2.1 No. 8. | No. 4. | No. 8.
low
11.37
11.75
11.00
2.00
3.00
2.05
1.93
73.38
71.62
71.21
70.29
1.50
1.60
1.90
287
9.82
10.76
10.89
11.71
1.85
1.75
1.55
2.20
12.80
2.21
71.68
2.85
8.88
A partial analysis of the ash of each has
been made with the following results:
1 No. 1.
No. 2. | No. 3.
No. 4. | No. 5.
Phosphoric acid
45.02
40.U8
40.80
44.21
43.85
PoiauU...............
3 M2
30.80
36.10
29.20
3008
Lime
3.15
3.08
3.10
2.86
3.45
Other min. m'tr
21.11
19.97
18.85
23.73
22.62
The proximate analyses of No. 1. Illinois
yellow corn, No. 2. Illinois white com, No. 3.
Georgia white (field) corn, and No. 4. sweet
potatoes (yellow yam) are given :
Albuminoid..
14.1010.75
S.t)| 2.16
4.64 8.43
68 2070.60
8.21 8.82
1.34 1.25
Estimating the oil and ready-formed fat as
double the value of starch and other carbo
hydrates as fat formers, we have the follow
ing relative value:
Of these analyses Commissioner Hender
son says: “The analyses speak for them
selves, showing that there Is scarcely more
difference In the proximate analysesof Ivory
wheat, so-called, and Dallas or Red May,
than appears between the analyses of the
two latter varieties of ordinary wheat. The
Ivory wheat shows a larger per centage of
albuminoids (flesh formers,) slightly less of
starch and none of fats (fat and heat pro
ducers) than either of the true wheats. The
Millo maize has considerable less of the
albuminoids than either of the others, being
about equal to Indian corn In this respect.
The flour from Ivory wheat, when properly
ground and bolted, is rather darker than
ordinary family flour, but possesses the
property of kneading well and is adapted to
the process of raising with yeast or by simi
lar means.
“ The comparative analyses of samples of
Illinois and Georgia Indian corn fully sus
tains the popular notion that home-grown
corn is more nutritious and fattening than
Western com. Unfortunately for the com
pleteness of the comparison, Prof. White did
not have at hand a sample of Georgia yellow
com to compare with the Illinois yellow,
but even the Georgia white is shown to be
superior to the Illinois yellow as a fat pro
ducer, and very slightly inferior as a flesh
producer.
“ The analysis of-the sweet potato, a yel
low yam variety, is also given, and is easily
compared with those of the several varieties
of com, and also of the wheat in the prece
ding table. By easy calculation it wil be
seen that in fat producing constituents, one
bushel of Georgia raised corn is equal to 2.89
bushels of yam potatoes, and in flesh produc
ing constituents, to seven bushels of pota
toes.
“This sustains the opinion that many in
telligent farmers have long held that the
potato is a most valuable stock food, in view
of its great productiveness and the ease with
which it may be grown, even in soils of or
dinary fertility. Fifty bushels of potatoes
in .>• be produced on one acre with as much
cer.ainty as eight or ten bushels of corn,
and are worth, for fattening purposes, fully
twice as muc.h.”
We have given some of the striking
points of the report because of their value,
not only to the farmers of Georgia but
of the South. As a matter of information to
our readers we give the officers of the De
partment:
J. T. Henderson, Commisioner.
Troup Butler, Commissioner’s Clerk.
R. J. Redding, Assistant Commissioner.
J. 8..Newman, Editing Clerk.
W. B. Henderson, Mailing Clerk.
H. C. White, Chemist of Department.
Dr. H. H. Cary, Superlntendent.of Fish
eries.
Inspectors of fertilizers: J. 8. Lawton, At
lanta ; O. T. Rogers, Samuel Hawkins, Au
gusta; E. L. Thomas, Macon; W. P. Harden,
Brunswick, W. H. Howell, Columbus.
Wblte ItusNlnn Oats.
Editor Southern World : If any of the
readers of The Southern World have tried
any of the large white Russian oats adver
tised in your valuable paper last winter, and
would make known their success through
the columns of The World, they would
oblige Henry Boswell, and it may be many
others would like to know.
[We would be pleased to publish the ex
perience of those who have tried the white
Russian oats.—Ed. So. World.
Tbe Golden Pocklington Grape.
The following letter from George W. Camp
bell, of Deleware, Ohio, who was United
States Commissioner to the Paris Universal
Exposition in 1878, is worthy the attention
of all who are interested in grape culture
"As the season is approaching when many
persons will wish to plant some of the new
er varieties of grapes, a few words as to their
general character may be acceptable.
“The Pocklington, how do you like it? has
been asked of me so often, I avail myself of
the columns of the Rural New Yorker, to give
a more general reply than I could in separate
answers to individual questioners. I will
say I like its large size, both in bunch and her
ry, and the hardiness, health and Concord
character of the vine, both ingrowth and fo
liage; and I like it especially for those qual
ities which promise to make it both valua
ble and profitable aa a shipping, market, and
table grape. When fully ripe, Its color,
a handsome golden yellow—is very attract
ive, the clusters aie very laige, weighing a
pound each and more. The skin of tbe ber
ries, although very thin, is very tenacious,
and this grape will bear handling and ship
ping with ordinary care, much better than
the Concord. Then too, I think it will prove
one of the beet keepers. For two successive
years I have kept clusters of the Pocklington
in the ordinary temperature of a living
room for three months , and found them nei
ther to decay, nor lose their flavor, and they
gradually dry into raisins. In flavor I find
them when fully ripened, more sugary and
richer than the Concord."
Wild Speculations.
The wild speculation in Matrimonial Aid
Associations aud kindred institutions has
nearly spent itself. The press and pulpit
are beginning to speak out against its evil
tendencies. The Concordia (La) Sentinel thus
punctures these short-cut schemes by which
fortunes may be quickly made.
“Tbe effects of such schemes cannot but be
demoralizing. They tend to degrade the
sanctity of the maniage tie, they lay open to
the vulgar gaze of the public eye affairs that
should be of the strictest privacy, and thrust’
upon the market for purposes of speculation
that holiest of God’s covenants, marriage.
To think of the ill-assorted marriages, of the
bonds that will be hastily entered into for
the few hundred dollars that will be paid by
a specuiatlvesyndicate forthe consummation
of a marriage, and of the suffering and woe
that must result from them, of the separa-
rations, divorces, and desertions that will
follow; when these things are thought of the
public cannot view with a favorable eye the
rapid multiplication of marriage Associa
tions.
We have' already heard of a man who was
engaged to be married to a pure and noble
young woman. This marriage Association
craze came on. The man thought to make
a speculation upon his approaching nuptials,
and half way won the assent of his bride to
allow speculative policies to be tuken out
upon tbeir marriage. Upon after thought,
the better feeling of the bride asserted itself,
her mind revolted at the idea of making
merchandise of her marital affections, and
she broke tbe match off. What did tbe
man? He could not afford to forfeit the shi
ning, glittering gold in the prospective. He
sought him a woman unworthy the name,
they stood before the man of God, and the
holy rites of matrimony were performed. It
was but a hollow mockery, and the papers
fora divorce were immediately signed.”
Tbe Agricnllnral Transition.
Capt. Fat. Darden,Lecturer of the Grange
in Mississippi, is on a tour through the
State, giving the farmers some plain, prac
tical talks that are directing popular atten
tion to the prospects and defects of our pres
ent system of agriculture. Capt. Darden,
as the result of his wide experience, declares
what seems to be the conclusion of every
thinking man, that tbe old plan of agricul
tural operations, superinduced by the neces
sities of the farming class after the war,
rather than adopted as their deliberate
choice,has everywhere proven a failure. The
only successful farmers coming under his
observation in Mississippi are those engag
ing in a diversity of operations, making the
support of the farm on the farm, and mak
ing cotton only as a surplus and as a selling
crop. Such farmers are paying attention to
stock, are cultivating a comparatively small
area in cotton, and are cnltivating that area
well, with close attention to manuring and
to a rotation of crops.
In the Canton of Geneva, Switzerland,
every country school-master is required to
know something of agriculture and natural
history, to the end that he may instruct hla
pupils therein. Every village has its night-
school, in which lads and young men who
have attended the communal school the re
quired term—until the completion of their
thirteenth year—may obtain further instruc
tion in matters related to their calling; and,
during the winter, lectures are given in the
village school-rooms—sometimes in the vil
lage churches—by professors from the uni
versity, on agricultural chemistry and kin
dred subjects.
We are pleased to see that Mr. Mercer
Slaughter of the Midland Road has been ap
pointed general passenger agent of the Rich
mond and Danville system, in which the
Midland Road is embraced. Mr. Slaughter
is a gentleman of high qualities, fine intelli
gence and valuable experience as a railroad
man.
The Farmer’s Congress recently in session
in 8t. Louis, adjourned to meet in Louis
ville on the first Wednesday in December,
1883.
T. H. Kimbrough is Master and A.B. John
son Secretary of Cataula Grange, No. 319, of
Harris county, Georgia. They are live Pat
rons.