Newspaper Page Text
VOL. 1.
@he Loyal Georgia,
AUGVSTA, GA., FSBRUARY 24, 1866,
PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY MORNING
. by the
G. E. R. Publizhing Aeeccigtion.
THOMAS P. BEARD, Agent
Office, corner of Jackson & ®llis Sts., Augusta, Ga.
TERMS OF SBUBSCRIPTION :
One year.....csueseviserenes. 3 00
b NG RS ... st cnsind 79
- Always in. advance,
IMPORTANT ORDERS.
Heapors DeparTaENT oF B. G ‘
CuarLESTON, Jan. 17, 1866. E }
[General Orders, No I.] |
I. To the end that civil rights end |
jmmunities may by enjoyed; that kindly |
relations among the inhabitants of the
State may be established ; that the rights ‘
and duties of the employer and the free
laborer respectively, may be defined;-
that the soil may be cultivated and the
system of free labor fairly undcrtaken ;.
that the owners of estates may be sccure
in the possession of their lands and tene- :
ments ; that persons able and willing to
work may have employment; that idleness
and vagrancy may be discountenanced,
and encouragement given to industry and
thrift; and that bumane provision may
be made for the sged, iofirm and destitnte
—the following regfi‘ati&xs are establish
ed for the government of all concerned m
this Department :
IT. All laws shall be applicable alike
to all the inhabitants. No person shall
be he!l incompetent to sue, make com
plaint, or to testify, because of color or
caste.
111. All the employments of husban—
d-y or of the useful arts and all lawful
trades or callings may be followed by ail
‘persons, irrespective of color or caste;
nor shall any freedmean be obliged to pay
any tax or any fee fora liccuse, por be
! amenableto avy municipal or parish
* endinance, not imposed_upon all other
- persons. T —————
"~ 7 IV. The lawful industry of all persops
who live under protection of the United
States, and owe obedience to its laws, bes
ing us.ful to the individual, and essential
to the welfare of society, no person will
be restrained from secking employment
when not bound by voluntary agreement,
por hindered from traveling from place to
place. on lawful business. - All combinas
tions or agreements which are intended
to hinder, or may operate as to hinder,
in any way, the employment of labor—or
to limit compensation for labor—=or to
compel labor to be involuntarily perform
ed in certain places or for certain per
sons; as well as all combinations or agree
ments to prevent the sale or hire of lands
or tenements, are declared to be misde—
meanors; and any person Or persons con
victed thereof shall be punished by fine
mat exceeding five hundred dollars, or by
imprisonment, not to excced six months,
or by both such fine and iwprisonment.
V).' Agreements for labor or personal
service of any kind, or for the use add
occupation of lands and tenements, or for
any other lawful purpose, between freed
men and other persons, whet fairly made,
will be impartially enforced against either
party violating the same.
+* Vl. Freed persons unable to labor, by
reason of-age, or infirmity, and orphan
children of tender years, shall have allot
ted to them by the owners suitable quar
ters on the premises where they have
been heretofore dowiciled as slaves, until
adeyuate provision, approved by the gene
ral commanding, be made for them by
the State or Local authorities, or other
wise; and they shall not be removed
from the premises unless for disorderly
behayior, misdemeanor, or other vffense
committed -by the head of a family or a
member thereof. v
VII. Able-bodied freedmen, when
they leave the premises in which they
mtg be domiciled shall take with them
and provide for such of their relatives
ss, by the laws of South Carolina, all
pitizens are obliged to maintain.
VIII. Whena freed person, domieiled
ma glantatio’n, refuses to work there,
after having been offered employment by
the owner or lessee, on fair terms ap
g:ved by the Agent of the Freedmen’s
vean, such freedman or woman shall
mmove from the premises within ten days
.after such offer, and due notice to remove
by the owner or occupant,
IX. When able-bodied freed persons
ate domiciled on premises where they
hive been heretofore beld as slaves, and
amw not employed thereon or elsewhere,
they shall be permitted to remain on
showing fo the satisfaction of the com-
wanding officer of the post, that they have
made diligent and proper efforts to obs
tain empleyment.
X. Free persons occupying premises
without the authority of the United
States, or th¢ permission of the owuer,
and who have not been heretofore held
there as slaves, may be removed by the
commanding ofiicer of the post, on the
complaint of the owner,and proof of the
refusal of said freed . persons to remove
after’ten days’ notice. L L
XI. Auy person employed or domis
ciled on a plantation or elsewhere, who
‘may be rightfully dismissed by the terms
of agreement, or expelled for mishehavior
)shall leave the presiises, and shall not
return without the conseut of the owner
or tenant thcreof.
~ XTII. Commanding oécers of districts
will establish within their commands,
respectively, suvitahle regulations for
hiring out to labor, for 4 period not to ex~
oceed oue year, all vagrants who cannot
be advantageously employed on roads,
fortifieatious and other publlic works.
The proceeds of such labor shall be paid
’fover to the Assistant Commissioner of
the Freedmen’s Burcau, to provide for
2ged sud infirm refagees, indigent freed
‘people and orphan children.
- XIIL The vagraut laws of the State
of South Caroiina, applicable to free
white persons, will be recognized as the
only vagrant laws applicable to the freed
men ; nevertheless such laws shall not be
cousidercd applicable to persons who are
without employmeut, if they shall prove
that they have been unable to obtain
employment after diligent efforts to do so.
XIV, It shall be the duty, of officers
commanding "posts to ece that issues of
rations to freedmen are coufined to destis
tute persons who are unable to work, be
cause of infirmities arising from old age,
or chronic diseases, orphan children too
youdg to work, and refugee freedmen re~
turning to their homes with the sanction
of the praper authorities; and in order
ing these issues, commanding officers will
be careful not to encourage idleness or
vagrancy. District commanders will
make consolidated reports of these issues
trismonthly.
RN, 'flzz ‘proper #uthorities” of the
'State in the several municipalitics and
dist: icts shall proceed to make suitable
provision for their poor, without distines
't;lon of color; in default of which, the
general commanding willlevy an ejuitable
‘ tax on person and property sufficient for
the support of the poor, .
XVI. The constitutional rights of all
loyal and well-Gisposed inbabitants to
Lear arms will not be infringed; nevers
theless, this shall not be construed to
sanction the unlawful practice of carry
ing concealed weapons, nor to authorize
any person to enter with arms on the
p emises of another against Lis consent.
No eue shall bear arms who has borne
arms against the United States, unless he
shall have taken the Amnesty Oath pre
scribed in the Proclamation of the Presi
dent of the United States, dated May
<9th, 1863 or the Oath of Allegiance, pre~
‘seribed in the Proclamation of the Presi
‘dent, dated December Bth, 1863, within
the time prescribed therein, Aud no
disorderly person, vagrant, or disturber
of the peage, shall be allowed to bear
T . .
XVII. To sccure the same equal jus
tice aud personal liberty to the freedmen
as to other inhabitants, no penalties or
punishments different from those to which
all persons are amendable shall be ims
posed on freed people; and ‘all erimes
and offenses which are prohibited under
existing laws shall be understood as pro
hibited in the case of freedmen; and if
committed by a freedmen, shall, upon
convietion, be punished in the same man
ner as if committed by a white man.
XVII, Corporal punisbment shall not
be iuflicted upon any person other than a
minor, and then ouly by the parent, guar
dian, teacher, or the one to whom the
said minor is lawfully bound by indenture
of apprenticeship.
XIX. Persons whose conduct tends to
a breach of the peace may be required-to
give security for their good behavior, and
in default thereof shall be held in custody.
XX. All ivjuries to the person or
property committed by or ufion‘ freed per
sous, shall be puvished in the same mans
ner provided by the laws of South Carolina
for Fike injdries to the persons or pro
erty of citizens thereof. It no provision
Ee made by the laws of the State, then
the punishment for such offenses shall be
according to the course of the common
law; and in the case of any injury to
person or property, not prohilated by
the common Jaw, or for which the pun~
ishment shall not be appropriate, such
sentenee shall be imposed as in the dis
cretion of the court before which the
trial is had, shall be deented proper, sub
Augzusta, Ga., Saturday, Pebraary 24,1866,
ject to the approval of the general com
manding. ' :
XXI. All arrests, for whatever eause,
will be reported tri-monthly, with the
proceedivgs thereupon, throuch the pre.
seribed chanuel, to the general commans
ding. '
XXII. Commaiding officers of Dis
tricts, sub-Districts and Posts within
their commauds respectively, in the abs
sence of the duty appointed agent, will
periorm any duty -appertaining to the
ordinary Agents of the Bureau of Refn
gees, Freedmen aad Abandoned Lauds,
carefully ob<erving for their guidanee all
orders published by the Commiss oner or
Assistant Commissioner, or other com
petent authority, |
XXIIL District commanders will en
force these regnlations by suitable ins
structions to subs District and Post com«
manders, taking carc that justice be doue,
that fair dealing between man and man be
observed, and that no unnecessary hard
ship, and no cruel or unusual purishment:
be imposed dpon any one.
By command of Major General D B
Sickles »
W. L. M. Burcer, - -
: Assistant Adjutant, General.
Official : Alexander Mooref Brev. Ma~
jor and Aid-de~-Camp.
Bureav oFf R F & A Lawps,
Orrice Act AssT Com STaTEOF G 2) ‘
Avucusta, Ga,; Jan. 16, 1866.
Circurar No. 2, - '
I. The demand for labor'in this State
exceeds the supply; therafore no con
tracts will be made in the compulsory
manner deseribed in Paragraph 3, Cir
cular No. 5, series of 1865, from this
Office, except the full compensation wen
tioned in Paragraph 2 of the same Cir
cular is given. A special report of all
such Contracts will be promptly wn.ade
to this Office. |
11. Agents will promptly report to
thig Office or to the nearest Commission
er of the Bureau, all vagrants who can~
not be provided for in the manner pre~
scribed in the proceeding Paragraph.
Rl Dm@sfiz&m&w i
“"Brig Gen Vols Aet Asst Com.
Approved:
Jno. M. Brannan,
Brev't Maj. Gen. U. 8. V.
' Commanding Dep’t of Ga.
Official:
W. W. Deang, A. A. G.
Bureav of R. F. & A, L.
Office Act. Ass't Com. State of Gar,
Aveusta, Gal, Feß 1, 18066.
CitcoLazn
Ue 3.
I. Since the promulgation of Circular
No. 5, Series of 1865, from this cffice,
the demand for labor has beecome very
great, and the freed people have mani
fested almost universal willingness to en~
ter into fair and reasonable contracts,
rendering the provisions of Par. 3 of
said Circular comparatively unnecessary ;
therefore, and to prevent possible injus.
tice to the freed people, the said Par.
3, together with so much of Circular No.
2, current scries, from this office, as con
templates the enforcement of said Par,
are hereby revoked. Agents of this
Buareau will promptly report all vagrani
freed people in their districts to this
offiee, or to the nearest commissioned
officer of the Bureau in this State, aud
will further make a special report of all
cases where freed people have been
bired out in the mannper prescribed in
Par. 3, herein revoked. * _
11. Reliable information has- reached
this office, that parties are muking private
contracts with freed people and not pre
sentiog them for approval—partly to avoid
the payment of reasonable wages, and
partly to evade the payment, of the small
fee allowed citizen agents for their servi
ces, Oune of the most important obj¥cts
bad in view by the Bureau in appointing
citizen agents, as provided by u Resolu
tion of the Georgia State Convention, is
the securing of reliable, profitable laber,
and it cannot allow its just requirements
to be set aside, or evaded, to gratify a
few selfish people; therefort, officers and
agents are forbidden to give any aid or
assistance in enforeing contracts which
have not been approved by the Dureau.
Neither will they permit others to use
any force or punishment to compel freed
people to comply with such coutracts.
111. The attention of officers and
agents, and all parties interested,is call
ed to the latter part of Par. 6 of Circular
No. 2, series ot 1865, from this office, to
wit:— Persons who refuseor neglect to
make written contraets for next year
with the freed people employed by them,
will be required, should any dispute arise
as to the compensation to be allowed, to
pay the bighest wages civen for the same
kivd of lzbor in their neighborhood or
sectiou of conntry,” ;
DAVIS TILLSON,
Lrig. Gen. Vols. Att. dsst. Com.
From the Nationalist, .
A TRIUMPH OF IIDEAS.
The fallacy that the position of the
whites of the late slaveholdinz States is
that ot a suljugated people, was exposed
in my last communication. It was there
shown that they represent ouly a defeated
system. The logical consequences of the
fallacy fall, ot course, with It. Attention
is called to some thus‘overturned, whose
workings have had most hurtful practical
effeets,
O the yiew that the North regarded
the South as a conquered people, it was
natural to look upon the freedom of the
negro as the symbol of Northera mas
tery The consequence is, that {rcedom
hes become the object of unmerited
hatred. It was, however, shown that this
war was not a simple rising against - gov
ernment; but the effcrt of slave labor to
overmaster free labor, and bring the con~
tineut under its feet, The uegro, as a
slave, symYolized the Séuthern idea; as
a freeman, he represents that of the
North. , A disloyal press here paints, for
effect, the North triumphant,‘as’if a unit.
Nothing, however, is farther from the
truth, As there were a few here, who
.opposed slavery, so, at the North, there
were millions who went hand in hand with
it in its strugele, aud fecl its defeat to~
day as bitterly as the South does. ‘Fhe
’ conflict was that of ideas, and the negro
has been throughout only a: symbol in
‘others’ hands. His freedom pow is no
‘mark of triumph. That freedom -was
‘the issue at stake, when the first gun was,
fired, five years ago. Northern politi-
Lcians, it is true, tried to blink this fact
out of sight. No man of sense, however
'was ever for a mowent deceived. The
tinid tried long to evade mesiing it, but
| higher powcrs chastised them into taking
' courage. ° o
L,fll,;sfia?h.mfifmdhdmm.l%uk‘»._ufi
i cut itsell’ off from the®strengfh ~that’
‘ideas alone ecan give to the sword, and’
acted simply in the name of violated
forms of law. It was withows sympathy
throughgut the civiliz d world. Had it |
persisted in this course a fow ‘months ;
longer, the Jouth would have seeured re- |
eognition, and with it victory. Adams
in Eegland, and Dayton in Franee, eatns
estly and persistently urged a decree of |
emanvipation, as the only bulwark aguinst |
foreign intervention. And what was the |
meaning of the emancipution prociama- |
tion, but a declaration that tiis war was |
not a mere rising of discontented peopled |
that something more was nvolved than |
the abstract right to secede; that, in |
truth, it was slavery in battle with free |
institutions; and that this, and not scces-,l
sion, was the ecuemy whose attaeks were |
to be overecome. I
Let us, then, accept the freedom of the
negro-for what it is——vot as that ereation
of disordered fancies, the subjugation of
the South—but the overthrow of slavety
Let us not oppress the eolored man with
speci.l legislation, with vagrant acts and
draymen ordinances; but rather gene
rously lend a hand to lift bim, as quickily
as possible, ifto the positions in which
he may become the most useful mewbér
of the state. Ilis lot, once for ali, is
with us here. ‘A higher power has de~
creed that it shall be so. His interests,
therefore, are not different from thoze of
the community in which helives. What
is good for the people as a whole, that is
also good for Lim ~ What is bad for him,
is equally hurtful to them. The state
will be loser, io proportion to his ignor=
ance and debasement. It will be gainer,
accordiug as he is intelligent, industrious
and prosperous. It is"the part of wis
dom, therefore, to give the freedmen edu
cation, that he may be enlightened; a
free path. to go where there may be call
for his bandiwork ; and seearity to enjoy
the fruit of his lapor;-that he may be
encouraged to thriftiness. % -
Chief-Justicc Chase received a visit,
on the 30th ult., from the colored men of
different states who arc now in Washing
ton for the purpose of pressing the claims
of the'r race to equal suffrage. The in
terview is said to have becn a very agree
able oue, both to the Chief~Justiee and
his visitors. Mr. Chase enjoimned them to
be without fear in the good work they
had begun, and to have faith in the suc~
cessful issue of the movement they had
inaugurated,’ and expressed his convie
tion that the President, although baving
Lis particuler views, would eventuaily
stacd by them,
- Tue Freepuen—Nover 'lncmoenrt—
- A novel incident ocearred to-day before
.he Committee on Freedmen’s Affairs.
Among othery, Gov "Aiken of South
Carolina‘gave the South-side view of the
condition of thingsin his State, reflect
iug severely uponthe Freedmen, and in«
dulging in much of the flippeant preju
dice against thé negro. Heé was follows
‘ed by an intelligent ‘‘contraband,” just
‘arrived bere from Charleston, who aston
(ished the Committee by a straightforward
‘statement of facts coneerniug bis racein
the South, and the animus of they recon:
straeted whites toward the negro. His
‘parrative inspired all hearers with its
‘truthfulness, and his recital of acts of
cruelty evidently” made a deep impres:
sion upon the Committee. It was ad~
witted by all that Governor Aiken had
found more thana mateh in the colored
witness. . e 2 ¢
Mr. Frederick Douglass ~drew the
largest house of the season at the Brook
lyn Academy of Musie, last Tuesday
evening, to hear his lecture on ‘The” As~
sassination and its Lessons.” Unusual
interest bid been awakened in Mr. Doug~
lass, before his coming, in view of the
fact that the Academy of Music bad at
first'been refused to him on account of
his color. - But at last a vote of directors
stood 11 to 5 in favor of granting the
platform. Of course, after such an at
tempt agaiust free speech, the most ins
telligent audience which it is possible to’
gather in that city saluted ghe orator;
with a welcome refreshing to wituess, and
delightful to remember. The speech was
strong, high-toned, and noble; abound
ing in characteristi¢ passages of argu
weat, humor, aud satire; makiog, on the
whole, a wasterly perfcrmance, aud an
impressive = occasion. We understand
that the names of the five ‘dissenting
directors are to be written on shells and
deposited in the Brooklyn Historical
Socicty’s collection of Long Island fossils,
" General Howard, 'Saperintendent of
the Freedmen’s Bureau, lectured«in Bos
ton last week, on the subject of ‘The
Freedmen.’ He was introduced by Gov.
‘Bidtiocks " A--erowded assombly, embra«
cing many eminent citizens, received him
with the utmost enthusiasm, and listened
with eagernessto bhis lecture. He said,
(we quote from the report in the Adver
tiser) » :
‘Although the South had been defeated
in their oppaesition against liberty, they
Liud not yet given it over, notwithst:hd—
ing their asseverations to the contrary ;
they would not give it up till constrained
to do so; even now they were doing all
in their power to deny the freedmen their
rigits. The truth was, the greater part
of the Bouthern people were sincere in
the belief that emancipation was wroog,’
The following language is from the
pen of Joseph Mazzini, the Italian patri
ot. It oceurs in a letfar addressed to our
countrymen, Monclare D. Conway, now
resident in Loncon, : '
-‘You have abolished slavery. You
Lave, as a*crowning to your glorious strug
ule, decreed that the sun of the republic
shives on all; that he who breathes the
air of the republic is free; that as God is
oue, 0 on the. blessed soil where liberty
is not a hap-and-hazard fate, buta faith
and a gospel, the stamp of mankind is
oue, Can you mutilate this great-princi
ple? Can you cut it down to the mon.
archical half freedom standard ? proclaim
the existence of the half man ? constitute
m the republican Awmerican land a mid~
dle ages class of political serfs ? Is there
liberty without thie vote ?’
Perlraps those sad Italizn eyes penc«
trate further into the meaning and the
mqstery of events which are now in agi- «
tation in Amcrica than whny ancther’s
which gaze at those events from a nearer
poiut of view, but amid the blinding
drapery of the storm. = :
Among the witnesees examined by the ™
€ongressional Reeonstruetion eommitiee
was ex~Governor Aikep, of South Caro--
noa, ‘ormerly the largest slaveholder in
the Unifed States: He represented the -
freedmen to be lazy and thriftiess, anc
was particularly auxious for the restora
tion to the rebels of the Sea Island es
tates. He wasfollowed by an ‘intelligent
contrabaud,” from Charleston; who av.
touished the committee by a -straightfor
ward statement of facts coneerniog L+
race in the South, and the animus of tho
reconstructed whites toward the negro.
His narrative iuspired all hearers wis :
ite truthfulaess, and his reeital of acts of
cruelty evidently made a deep impressior
up n the committee’ It was admtte:d
by all-that Gov. Aiker found mote thos!
a mateh i the colored witness,
“THE FLOWERS COLLECTION
XO. 6.