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16 (lJtf)
Survey o
MORE LIBERAL LAND LAWS.
In the hope of cbecking emigration
of American farmers to the Canadian
Northwest, amendments to liberalize
the public land laws have been favorably
reported by the Senate public
lands commit^e. The enforced term of
residence on a homestead would he reduced
from five years to three, and a
homestead would be permitted to absent
himself from his claim six months
every year. Senator Borah and others
who stand for liberalizing the laws
have declared in the Senate that desirable
American citizens are being
driven to Canada at the rate of 100,000
a year by the stringent land laws on
this side of the boundary, which have
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impossible for a poor man to get title
to any government: land by "homesteading."
FARMERS WANT PARCELS POST.
American farmers, or that part of
tbem actively associated with the national
grange, are preparing to make
a forward movement on Congress at this
session In the Interest of legislation
they believe affects their interests.
They tried their hands in the reciprocity
contest and were beaten, but they say
they are to do better this time. Plans
for the campaign before Congress are to
be made on January 25 and 26, when
the legislative committee of the national
grange 1b to meet In Washington. This
committee Is composed of Oliver Wilson,
of Peoria, 111., master of the national
grange; T. C. Atkeson, of Morgantown,
W. Va., professor In an agricultural
college at that place, and N. P.
Hall, master of the Michigan State
grange. It will be the purpose of this
committee to select the bills for which
the farmers will make a stand and plan
a campaign against certain other bills
which they believe Inimical to the agricultural
Interests. Having planned the
campaign, the committee will send word
Into the country districts all over the
land, so that petitions and personal letters
may begin to come to Washington
addressed to members of the two houses
of Congress.
KENTUCKY ORCHARD EXTENSION.
One hundred million dollars represents
the gift which is to be made over
to the mountain people of Kentucky, according
to information which has
reached the United States bureau of
education. ThiB sum capitalizes at
hank interest the minimum addition to
be made to the Income of the mountaineers
through the efforts of the state
normal school faculty at Richmond, Ky.,
which is employing unique methods to
educate their fellow citizens to raise
apples. T^ast year the cities of Kentucky
spent $4,000,000 for fruit shipped
in from other states, through their own
slopes were pronounced to be unsurnnRSorl
fnr fruit prnwlnf onnAflnllv for
the growing of apples. In a campaign
to put this land to Its proper use, the
normal school faculty has determined
to have at least 100.000 apple trees set
out this year, as the nucleus of 1,000
orchards. Any citizen can buy these
haby trees from the school, In almost
any quantities, at a cost of about a cent
apiece. Tn order to get the trees Into
the ground, Prof. G. T>. Smith, of the
normal school faculty has organized
tree planting clubs among the school
children ajl over the state, each child
being p"ledeed to plant at least 100 apple
trees.' Similar clubs also exist for adults.
esnec'ally for the landholdlng
mounts In eers. The children of Rowan
countv alone will plant more than 2R.000
trees this year.
&bis> -T"
THE PRESBYTERI
f Currer
TO DOUBLE THE YIELD.
Col. Henry Exall, president of the
Texas Industrial Congress, has issued
a statement to Texas farmers which he
hopes will double the yield of Texas
corn fields. He says: "If the great
majority of the farmers of this state
wculd change their, methods, would
thoroughly and carefully plow their
lands In the fall and winter at least one
inch deeper than they have heretofore
been plowing, harrowing carefully after
each plowing, plowing around, instead
of up and down the slones, so as to
prevent washing and erosion; draining
when necessary, working the corn as
nearly level as possible, remembering
that when the corn is a foot and a half
high and the rows four feet apart that
myriads of fibrous roots will meet and
be torn and sap the crop if you plow
between these rows deeper than two
Inches; if after this period you would
constantly cultivate the crop wth a very
short-tooth harrow or sweep that does
not go over an inch or an inch and a
half deep, keeping a constant soft
mulch about that depth, not Bimply
until laylng-by time, but constantly
until the grains are positively hard on
the cob; allowing no sucker or weed
to get a particle of nourishment that
should go into the plant; if you will
adopt this method of cultivation you
will double the corn crop of this state."
WHERE WEEDS ABOUND.
"Our colleges are full of educators
whose heads are laden with all sorts
of Isms and fallacious theories, which
they are constantly Instilling Into the
minds of young men who are sent to
them to be educated," said John Klrby,
president of the National Association of
Manufacturers. In an address to Wisconsin
members of the association. "We
are working to counteract this condition,"
continued Mr. Klrby, "by disseminating
literature which will remove
the weeds that have grown up In the
heads of some college professors and
students, and set them thinking along
broad lines. Tt 's a tedious and exnenslve
undertaking, hut It must he
done If the future generations are to he
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AFTER BIG GAME.
A petition to dissolve the American
Telephone & Telegraph Company, on
the ground that it is a monopoly in
violation of the Sherman law, was made
public a few hours in advance of Its
presentation to United States AttorneyGeneral
Wlckersham 1n Washington.
According to the petition, the American
Telephone & Telegraph Company and
eight subsidiary telephone companies
has a capital of nearly $1,000,000,000,
and It now dominates the telephone
business. Specific reference Is made to
the operation of the allesred telephone
trust In Ohio, Kansas City and Salt
T.ake City.
NOT WHOLLY SPONTANEOUS.
According to some of the Taft political
managers, evidence Is accumulating
In their hands that there Is more than
a "spontaneous" demand from the rank
and file of the Republican party in the
current movement for the nomination of
Colonel Theodore Roosevelt by the
national convention In Chicago next
June. This evidence shows that there
Is one effective and far-reaching organization,
backed by plenty of money and
guided by some of the shrewdest and
most skillful politicians in the Republican
ranks. The Roosevelt boom Is a
wonder, tl.ey say, but It Is far from being
a headless wonder.* The Taft leaders
are aware of what Is going on in
AN OF THE SOUTH
it Events
the Roosevelt organization. In fact,
so little efTort is made by the Roosevelt
organizers to conceal their tracks that
almost anybody who keeps half an eye
open for political developments may
see what is doing.
CANAL PROGRESS.
Up to January 1 the grand total of
excavation from the Panama canal
amounted to 158,092,940 cubic yards,
leaving to be excavated 37,230,439 cubic
yards, or about one-fifth of the entire
amount for the completed canal. The
total for December was 2,439,276 cubic
yards, as compared with 2,946,404 cubic
yards in December, 1910, and 2,811,681
cubic yards In December, 1909. The
dry excavation amounted to 1,542,593
cubic yards, and was principally by
steam shovels. In the Atlantic division,
the total excavation was 665,585 cubic
yards. The total excavation in the central
division was 1,361,981 cubic yards.
The amount taken from Culebra cut was
1,351,082 cubic yards, as compared with
1,211,400 cubic yards in December, 1910.
In the Pacific division the total excavation
was 411,800 cubic yards, 278,960
cubic yards of which were taken out
by dredging at the Pacific entrance.
ITALY'S PLIGHT.
As ill the world knows by this time,
Italy Is further from a real conquest of
Tripoli than ever. After nearly three
months of war, after the expenditure
of over 7,000,000 pounds, she finds herself
in possession of a few coast towns
and a few square miles of desert and
oaseB, but of the real Tripoli, of the
vast territory with its hordes of Arab
inhabitants, six timeB the size of Italy
herself, she knows little and possesses
less, and beyond all this she is or soon
will be up against the fact which all
Europe is coming to see, that peace with
Turkey would not be the end of the war
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International Har
/
[ January 31, 19121
tn Tripoli, but only the signal for the
Arab population of the Interior, a quite
unknown quantity, aided by many sympathizers
from Turkey and Egypt, and
Indeed by Mohammedans from all over
the mid-east and beyond, to simply take
up the war where Turkey left It. A
message from Azlzla, only 40 mlleB
south of Tripoli, tells of the arrival
there of several thousands of Arabs,
well armed and well equipped, adding
significantly that they are well and fit.
after marching continuously for 4G days
from Fezzan. And then one turns to ?
another despatch, from the special correspondent
of Le Journal, at Tripoli,
who writes of the eagerness with
which the Arabs await the Italian advance
Into the interior.
ANOTHER TEACE TREATY.
World peace was strengthened by the
signing in Washington of a general
arbitration treaty between the Argentine
Republic and the United States of
Columbia. The treaty Is almost exactly ?
like thoBe negotiated by the United
States with Great Britain and France.
As neither country had a diplomatic
representative in the capital of the
other, the treaty was signed by their
respective representatives in Washington.
The United States took no part in
the negotiations. In general, the pact,
while following closely the lines of
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States, Great Britain and France, Is like
the arbitration treaty signed between i
Columbia and Argentina thirteen years
ago and the one made by Argentina and
Venezuela last October. Practically
every question involving sovereign
rights in international disputes, except
those which may conflict with provisions
of the Constitution of either
country, may be settled by arbitration
under this treaty. A court consisting
of a representative of each country and
a neutral third person mutually agreed
upon, will constitute a permanent adjudicating
body.
TTTl
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