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Survey c
0>'E OF OUR POLICIES.
American citizens who invest in revolutionary
movements cannot expect to
find the United States government behind
them as a protector of those investments.
This was outlined in a note
addressed by Secretary of State Knox
to the German government through Ambassador
Von Bernstorff. A copy of the
note was also sent to France, Great
Britain, Italy, Japan and Russia.
While the declaration dealt specifically
with the Chinese situation, it established
a principle that is regarded as a
long step toward the maintenance of intorn
nHnnol nooro V?v chnHlnrr
great measure the procurement of funds
with which to wage war. In felicitating
the powers on their adhesion to the
agreement of joint action in China,
Secretary Knox intimated that much
good might be derived if all the powers
adopted the chief principle laid down
in his note.
TENNESSEE ALUMINUM PLANT.
To build a power plant to develop
electricity for the 'operation of an
aluminum plant, the Aluminum Company
of America, a Pennsylvania corporation.
has purchased rights of way
for a distance of 40 miles along the Little
Tennessee river in Blunt county.
Tenn., and across the State line in
North Carolina. About $500,000 has
been spent for rights of way and it is
reported the company will expend between
$12,000,000 and $15,000,000 In
the construction of dams, which will
develop 200,000 horse power and the
construction of the plant for the manufacture
of aluminum. Th's deal carries
with it the completion of the Bushnell
extension of the Southern railway, a
line or road partially constructed between
Maryville, Tenn.? and Bushnell,
N. C.
NAVY MEN WANT PEACE.
At the convention of the Navy
League on February 23 in Washington a
peace meeting will be held. For this
gathering the committee on arrangements,
consisting of Gen. Horace Porter,
Admiral George Dewey and Col.
Robert M. Thompson, has selected
President Taft, Rear Admiral Richard
wainwrigiu ana l naries r rancs Adams
of Boston as speakers. The committee
Insists that it is fitting the Navy League
should hold a peace meeting, "as an
adequate navy Is the only guarantee of
peace." Secretary Meyer, Major-General
Wood, Rear Admiral Wainwright,
Congressmen Cannon. Sul/er and Humphrey
and Henry White. J. M. Dickinson
and W. Morgan Shuster, will be among
the speakers at the league's annual dinner.
NORTH CAROLINA COLD.
North Carolina regained first place
among the eastern Stutcs in 1910 in the
production of gold. The year's mine
production was 3291.08 fine ounces,
valued at $68,045, an Increase over the
output for 1909 of 1345.55 fine ounces
and of $27,815 In value. The yield of
silver recovered In refining the gold
and copper produced was 9,053 fine
ounces, valued at $4,888, an Increase of
8554 ounces and of $4629 In value. The
copper production was 140.514 pounds,
valued at $17,845, a decrease of 83.998
pounds and of $11,341 In value. The
total value of the production of gold,
silver and copper in North Carolina In
1910 was $90,778. an Increase over the
corresponding value for 1909 of $21,.
103. There were 23 placer mines in
operation In 1910 and 13 deep m'nes.
The deep mines produced 14.9H short
tons of ore, of which 12.693 tons were
S4!d Smarts ores, with an average total
THE PRESBYTERI
>f Curren
recovered value In gold and silver of
S4.42 per ton, and 2,221 tons were copper
ores, with an average precious
metal value of $2.51 per ton, and yield,
ing 63.2 pounds of copper per .ton. The
Diacers of North Carolina yielded 497.34
fine ounces of gold and 43 fine ounces
of silver; the sllicious ores produced
2.745.77 fine ounces of gold and 466 fine
ounces of silver; and the copper over
yielded 48.57 fine ounces of gold and
8,554 fine ounces of silver. The notable
production of silver from North Carolina
in 1910, was, therefore, from copper
ores.
THE LUSCIOUS LEGUME.
The Spanish peanut will become one
of the great crops of Mississippi within
a few years, according to C. U. Dahlgren,
one of the State's experts in peanut
culture. "The commercial UBes of
the pea-nut constantly are increasing
and the industry is In Its infancy at
the present," sa'd Mr. Dahigren. "It
is but reasonable to believe that as new
uses for the ppanut are found many
factories will have to be built to supplv
the demand or the cotton seed mills
will have to manufacture the peanut
oil. Peanut oil, it is said, can more
than meet every requirement of cotton
seed oil when used for cooking, dressing,
salpds, soaps and compounds.
Chemists declare it more l'ke oUve oil
than any of the other vegetable oils.
Analysis has shown that there practically
are the same properties In both.
The peanut of this country has found
its way to the table In simple form,
either reclepned. washed and polished,
or In the hull. The candy manufacturer
has been the great consumer. The
present total acreaee In peanuts In the
United States Is about 350.000, producing
approximately 12,500.000 bushels.
This out nut. pays the producers more
than $10,000,000 annually.
CAXAL TOLLS.
The question of a free or a toll canal
Is now agitating both politicians and
transportation men at home and abroad.
Col. Geo. W. Goethals, chief engineer In
charge of the building of the Panama
canal and chairman of the Isthmian
Canal Commission, who arrived In
Washington on the steamer from Colon,
said he was In favor of tolls for shipping
through the canal and Intimated
he would bring this to the attention of
the President. "I am In favor of tolls."
he said, "but of course I am not making
the rates. The size of the tolls will
have to be settled later." Colonel
Goethals went to Washington to con.
fer with President Taft and members
of the canal commission. He will return
to the Canal Zone soon.
MILLIONS IN WOOD WASTE.
An undeveloped Industry, worth millions
of dollars annually, lies at the
doors of the people of the South and
Northwest In the large wastes of wood
lnrldent to the manufacture of lumber.
F. P. Veltrh, chief of the leather and
paner dlvls'on of the bureau of chemistry.
sale! in a preliminary report on
the subject: "Tops, stumps, slabs, sawdust
snd the dead timber from flres
furnishes one of the great Industries
for the South and far Northwest," the
investigator said. "From this wood, by
Industrially developed chemical
methods, the ent're output of naval
stores, embracing: turpentine, rosin,
pitch, rosin spirit* and rosin oils, having
an annual value of at least >30,000,000.
may be obtained without boning or
turpentining a single tree. The utilisation
of mill wastes In this manner will
add materially to the wealth of the
South and help to conserve it* timber
AN OF THE SOUTH
it Events
resources. There is more than sufficient
waste material to yield annually
all the papers (except news), and boxboard
and building bo&.n) material required.
for which wood is suitable. The
processes, equipment and technique
for the utlllzat'on of this material are
either in operation or may be devised
readily."
THE HAY MARKET.
Kansas City claims to have the largest
hay market In the world. Alfalfa,
timothy and clover crops from every
state In the West. Northwest and Southwest
are shipped here for d'strlbutlon,
and quotations In thlB market control
prices wherever hay Is sold. Twenty
years ago the dally receipts of hay In
KansnB City averaged from 10 to 15
carloads, prpctlcally all of which was
consumed locally, the greater part going
to the Kansas City Stock Yards
Company. Las; year the receipts averaged
100 carloads a day. or approximated
35,000 carlcadB for the year of market
days. The surplus over local consumption
went as far east as Massachusetts,
New York and Pennsylvania. The
value of the hay handled 'p Kansas Cltv
last year was ahout $5,500,000.
PORTO RICO'S NEW LIFE.
The census of Porto Rico, Just published
by the government, shows that
Island Is growing In population almost
as fast as the United States, surpassing
any record 't ever made under Snsnlsh <
dominion. There are now 1,118.021 neople
In Porto Pico, aa against 953.243 In
1899, an Increase of more than 17 per
cent, compared with an expansion of
21 per cent. In the population of continental
United States since 1900.
Porto Pico has two cities, 64 towns and
12 vMlIsges. San Juan, the largest
place, has 48,716 Inhah'tants, and Ponce,
the next largest. has 35.005. The area
of Porto Rico. Includlnp the denendent
Islands, Is 3.435 square miles. The
averape number of persons to the
snuare mile In 1910 was 325.5 and In
1899 It was 277.5.
CANADA WAITS WISTFULLY.
If Canadian dreams are realized
Uncle Sam will collect a snug little
bunch of tolls from the sombre little
maid to the north clad in her gray
wraps and snow shoes. It is said that
three years will witness unparalleled
activity in railroad construction In
Canada preparatory to the opening of
the Panama canal. The opening of the
canal means momentous changes In the
rummerciai currents or the world, but
more momentous for Canada than for
any other nation. The wheat crop In
1911 was from 180.000,000 to 200,000,000
bushels, and 150,000,000 bushels will
have to be moved by the railroads before
the next crop ripens. Besides, 100,000,000
bushels of oats will have to be
handled by the railroads and 30,000,000
of flax and barley. Had the weather
been seasonable, western Canada would
have had 200,000.000 bushels of wheat
and 200,000,000 bushels of oats, barley
and flax for export. As It now stands,
the railroads will have to handle a
crop of 250,000,000 bushels between the
fall nast anil n?*t
accomplish this gigantic work and
handle ctal and other traffic will tax'
Canadian Pacific and Canadian Northern
railroads to the very limit of the'r
capacity and ability. Civilization is in
full march to the north and the railroad
builders lag behind. There is room and
opportunity for 100,000,000 of a farm'ng"
population in the Canadian prairies.
It Is not through the Hudson bay, however,
but through the Panama canal
that the grain growers of the Canadian
[February 14, 1913
northwest are going to get relief. The
greater part of the grain grown after
1914 will find its way to Europe and
to Africa through the Panama canal.
It will cost less to transport grain from
Saskatchewan to Europe through Vancouver
and the Panama canal than
through Montreal and Halifax, and It is
asserted that Vancouver, therefore,
must In time become the great grain
emporium of the world.
VIRGINIA COAL SHIPMENTS.
The coal output from the ports of
Norfolk and Newport New3 eclipsed
during the year 1911 all other records,
a total of 10,000.000 tons having been
shipped from the Norfolk & Western
and Virginian railroad piers at Norfolk
and the Chesapeake & Ohio nler at N?w
port News. The Norfolk output was
about 6.500,000 and the Newport News
output was about 3,500.000. The total
of 10.000,000 amounted In value to about
$26,000,000.
ROME'S ANCIENT SEAPORT.
The excavations In Ostla, the site of
Rome's ancient Beaport, have reached a
very interesting stage. A correspondent
to the Morning Post sends an account
of a visit to the scene of operations
made under the guidance of Prof.
NT 11 1 ?t- - a- - * ? - "
uaiiic ?uBiieri. woo i? in cnarge or me
work there. The professor has been led
to the conclus'on that when Ostla was
at Its best It must have been a city of
80,000 Inhabitants, that the oldest city
bearing the name was not where the
excavations are now being made, but
nearer the region of the salt marsh. Xo
remains are of pn earlier date than the
third century, B. C., one coin bearing
that dPte, up to the present, being the
earliest find. The discovery of a medieval
oratory near Via Decumana marks
the latest building exfpnt on this site.
Sixteen hundred and fifty yards of the
Via have been uncovered. A flne statue
of Venus has been uneprthed here and
placed In the castle of Ostla. This Is
probably Hel'enlc and formed part of
the decoration of a theater. Beside the
Via Decumana a monument wh'ch was
probably pn alter has been found as
well as a Republican portico. The discovery
of baths In a Roman city Is not
an unusual occurrence, but to find a
piece of "ancient Impression" painted
on the walls of a Roman's house has
surprised Professor Veellerl. Thla
pa'ntlng Is, however, scarcely more
than a few daubs with a brush and Is
of no real Importance. It Is wonderful
to hear that an inn has been br>ught
to light with the proprietor's name
still legible upon It. The discoveries
made hy SIgnor Lanelanl at the firemen's
barracks have been followed up
by Professor Vagl'erl with most Interesting
results. A drinking trough for
horses Is here among other things, and
an Inscription which Informs us that
the firemen received their corn gratis.
There Is a bronze tap for letting out
the water and great cisterns under the
pallestra, five furnaces for heat'ng. and
some splendid remnants of mosaic pavement.
These all afTord proof that Ostla
was a city of luxury and cultivation.
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