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Survey c
THE DEMOCRATIC CANDIDATE.
The following sketch of Wood row
Wilson, the present governor of New
Jersey and choice of the Baltimore Convention
for the presidency appears ?n
tht public prints: He was born in Staunton,
Augusta county, Va., Dec. 28, 1856.
being the son of Joseph R. and Jessie
(Woodrow) Wilson. He is in his 55tn
year. After finishing his common school
education in the local institutions, Wilson
went to Princeton University, at
Princeton, N. J., and was graduated
from there in 1879. He then entered
the University of Virginia, at Charlottesville,
Va., and studied law, completing
his course there in 1880. From 1883 to
'85 he took the post-graduate course at
Johns Hopkins University, at Baltimore,
and later received the following degrees:
Ph. D., Johns Hopkins, 1886; LL.
D., Wake Forest College, near Raleigh,
N. C'., 1887; Tulane, 1898; Johns Hopkins,
1901, Rutgers, 1906; University of
Pennsylvania, 1903; Brown University,
1903; Harvard University, 1907; Litt.
D., Yale University, 1901. June 24.
1885, he married Ellen Louise Axson at
Savannah, Ga. During 1882 and *83 he
practiced law in Atlanta, Ga. He was
professor of history and political economy
at Bryn Mawr College from 1886 to
'88, and at Wesleyan University he held
the same chair in 1889 and 1890. He
was first elected to the faculty of
Princeton University, his first alma
mater, in 1890, where he held the chair
of jurisprudence and politics until 1902.
August 1st of that year he was ele cted
president of Princeton University and
held that office until he resigned in
1910, after having been elected governor
of hiB adopted State, New Jersey. His
election to the governorship was fratight
with bitter fighting against the recognized
machine of the State, led by Senator
James Smith, of Newark. Even
after his term of office began he was "beset
by the machinations of the old-line
politicians in the legislature and out
who sought to defeat many of the new
governor's pet policies. Despite this
handicap, Governor Wilson succeeded Ir
having written info the statute books of
New Jersey a number of nrnerressive
measures, embodying the foremost o
the "progressive" ideas of the day. It
has been said of him that within a year
after assuming the reinB of the State
government he had fulfilled every
promise as to legislation which he had
extended to the voters during his campaign.
This record, probably unparalleled
by the achievements of any former
governor of New Jersey, or perhaps of
any other state In this respect, at once
projected the "schoolmaster governor"
into the spotlight of national publicity.
It was not long, therefore, before he
was regarded as available for higher
# honors by his party, and after due consideration
he announced himself a candidate
for the Democratic nomination.
He based his claims for the nomination
Otl/I ?/VTW 1 - * ? -* - * -?* *
? uun uooei) JUS UIH1U1 lur eitftJtlOIl Oil
the "progressive" theories and accomplishments
of his administration as
governor of New Jersey. He has been
a frequent contributor to magazines amd
H has written several books on political
subjects, his best known work being "A
History of the American 'People," published
in 1902.
EXCELLENT EXCELLING.
It Is claimed that New York leads the
world as a city In which benevolent
funds provide fresh air resorts and outing
for poor children. Published estimates
are to the effect that this year.
S500.000 will be spent In manning, provisioning,
and otherwise administering
the sixty-eight 'breathing spots in the
THE PRESBYTERI
?/ Currer
state and at neaihy sections, where the
little tots who now are not infrequently
compelled to sleep six and seven in a
room, will get an opportunity to expand
their lungs in the free air and light of
heaven. These fresh air homes on seaboard
and hillside are not, however, the
only places where the children may be
released from the awful conditions in
which their dally lives are spent. Many
at these sixty-eight places are supported
by private individuals, churches, or
societies, whose aim and intent is the
alleviation of the Infant population. In
one such institution alone, the appropriation
for the care of children during
the summer months has been set at
$150,000. Another sudh institution,
whose province Includes convalescent
children as well as those who are suffering
for want of a breath of air, plans
to spend $50,000 in the summer months
on the three homes which it maintains.
There are 117 homes and camps maintained
by seventy-six agencies which
ofTer recreational opportunities for the
summer. The total capacity of these
home and camps is 8,005. The average
length of season is about eleven weeks,
although some of the homes are kept
open six months. The average length of
stay per child is a little less than two
weeks. The total number of children
served last year was a trifle more than
80,000, and with Che increased facilities
for this summer, it is estimated that
fully 100,000 children will be given from
a ween. iu ien uuyis vacation ax xne seashore
or the mountains.
THE LAZINESS PARASITE.
The second report of the Rockefeller
Commission for the Eradication of Hook
Worm Disease has appeared. Commenting
on it a recent number of the
Journal of American Medical Association
says: "The preliminary surveys of
the areas of Infection in the United
States have been nearly completed; a
definite, uniform survey to determine
the degree of infection by counties a*
agreed on by tihe State directors is now
in progress, and a report on the extent
at infection In fifty-four foreign countries
has been published. The practical
side of the work?the enlistment of people's
interest in the treatment of themselves
and their families?has included
a wide range of activities. The aid of
local practitioners has been secured.
county dispensaries have been started,
county appropriations obtained, school
Inspections made, free clinics held at
set times, sanitary surveys extended,
and the people have 'been taught the
dangers of soil /pollution by means o
stereoptlcon lectures, bulletins and
folders, newspaper cuts and notices, exhibits
at State and county fairs, school
instruction, and efTorts to improve the
health service in separate counties.
The exhibit of the prelipiinary survev
includes a series of maps showing the
degree of infection in eleven States au<i
statistics of its extent in ten of these.
TnfonHAn !hoa 'hnan /Lxm rvn at no t in
every county in South Carolina, in
nearly every county in Virginia, North
Carolina, Alabama, Mississippi and Tennessee,
and in twenty-five counties in
Arkansas, afld twenty-two of the 119
counties in Kentuoky. It has been
shown to exist in Eastern Texas,
Florida, California, Nevada, Oklahoma
and West Virginia 'with very strong
clinical evidence of its presence in
Maryland.' The degree of infection is
heaviest in American Samoa, where It
is found in 70 per cent of the population;
in the southern two-thirds ol
China, in 75 per cent of the population;
in India, from 60 to 80 per cent, of the
300,000,000 population have the disease;
AN OF THE SOUTH
it Events
in Ceylon 90 per cent, in many parts; in
Natal, 60 per cent, of the coolies on
sugar and tea estates; in Egypt, 50 per
cent, of the laboring class; in Dutch
Guiana, 90 per cent, in many parts; in
British G-ulna, 90 per cent, of those living
between sealevel and 3,000 feet,
which Includes most of the population;
in 1904, 90 per cent, of the working
population of Porto iRico was infected.
r SAFEB OCEAN TBAYEL.
In an interview wtfh Senator William
Alden Smith, published in Leslie's
Weekly, on How to Make Ocean Travel
Safer, the Senator said: "I have Just
introduced into the Senate a bill which
contains many recommendations with
regard to further regulating the navigating
of steam passenger vessels. In
the short time since the Titanic disaster,
passenger ships the world over have
added lifeboats, the iceberg courses
have been abandoned and marked safety
precautions lhave been taken. Bach vessel
should have on board lifeboats of an
aggregate carrying capacity computed in
cubic feet equal to ten times the total
number of her crew plus the total number
of her passengers. Such lifeboats
should in all cases have sufficient room,
freeboard and stability to safely carry
one person for each ten cubic feet of
Its capacity, which fact should be determinated
by actual experiment in the
water. They should be equipped with
a properly secured life line running the
entire length of the "boat and on 'both
sides. Lifeboats should be provided
with suitable disengaging apparatus, bo
arranged as to allow them to be safely
launched while the vessels are under
full speed or otherwise. Before the
vessel leaves the port, a plact in one
of its lifeboats should be assigned to
each passenger and member of the crew.
Every vessel should be equipped with at
least two powerful electric searchlights.
No clearance should be granted by any
customs ofllcer to any steam vessel permitted
by her certificate of inspection to
carry fifty or more passengers, unlesF
such vessel is equipped with an efficient
apparatus for radio-communication.
A LION AT BAY.
A thrilling story of the Baltimore
Convention by Mr. Carter W. Wormely
in the News-Leader, of Richmond, contains
this extract: Barked at by petty
politicians and traduced by party leaders,
Bryan has conquered in his battle
for the people. Single handed and
alone the Nebraskan arose in the
Democratic National Convention at
Baltimore. Single handed and alone
he defied Wall Street and defeated
Tammany. Pitted against him were the
money kings of New York. Belmont
and Ryan, with their henchmen, were
joined by William Randolph Hearst,
with his press syndicate. The names
of Murphy, Taggart and Sullivan were
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( HAS. C. THACH. I.L. D.. President.
[July 10, 1912
a talisman at the doors of the convention
hall and nightly the building was
packed with rowdies to participate in
counter Wilson demonstrations. The
ruling of the chair repressed at all
times demonstrations in the galleries,
and the police were more than once Instructed
to clear the sections. But not
all the gold of Wall Street, nor all the
gall of Tammany sufficed to stifle the
voice of American Democracy, or to
longer prostitute the will of the people.
The unanimous nomination of Woodrow
Wilson was the result of the conflict,
t the true issue was far more important
than the mere naming of a candidate.
The issue represented the revolt
of a people against longer submission
to political and plutocratic tyranny.
Backed by the people, Bryan led the
uccessful revolt, but without Bryan as
a icuuci iue mutviuuui wuma not nave
succeeded. Accused of ulterior designs
and charged with selfish ambition, the
Nebraskan was bayed by a yelping political
pack Which barked but dared not
bite. Like a Colossus he towered amid
the pigmies and defied Sullivan, and the
boss of Tammany, with his "ninety wax
figures."
TAMMANY'S PLIGHT.
The New York World gives its impression
of the part played by the
great Democratic City organization of
New York in this vigorous fashion:
Did ever a delegation to a national convention
suffer such humiliation as New
.Yorks's delegation has suffered a
Baltimore? And did ever a delegation
more richly deserve humiliation? Hero
is the greatest and most populour
State in the Union, with 90 delegates i
the convention. One delegate out or
every twelve comes from New York
and New York ought to hold the commanding
position in Democratic councils.
Yet no sooner does the boss r
Tammany Hall cast New York's 90 votes
for Champ Clark than Clark's candidac
is wrecked. New York's support, instead
of strengthening him, has wounded
him to the death. And When Mr
Bryan makes an attack upon New York
such as no great leader ever before
made upon the delegates of any State,
the convention goes mad with hysterical
delight. The more New York is Insulted
the better the rest of the country
pleased. The more New York is made
an object of contempt and derision the
louder the country applauds. And
why? Simply because New York's 90
delegates have chained themselves to
me dobs or Tammany iHall who is the
agent of Thomas F. iRyan and who votes
them as a unit. Is there no independence.
no courage, no manhood, left in
these 90 delegates? Are they willing to
stand 'before 95,000,000 of thedr fellow
citizens as the mere puppets of a Tammany
boss?
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