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IN EDUCATION. Mr. Charles S. Bryant in Popular Science Monthly has a valuable and thoughtful article on “State Educa tion—A Necessity." In the course of it, in the special theme of uniformity in education, the writer criticises cer tain objections of an English writer, Sir A. Herbert, to the system of State education. Mr. Bryant says: “But uniformity is objected to, by Mr. Her bert, as an evil in the English system ; and, if so, it would be the same in any other country. Such a system, he be lieves, is not sufficiently elastic, and does not yield readily enough to im proved methode of instruction. Teach ers and pupils and trustees go alike into the groove of established routine, and there remain, to the injury of the mental growth of all, and thus become a positive hindrance to progress. 'Changes,’ be says, if ever made by great exertions, “would be only spas modic ; they would not be the natural outcome of the system, and therefore •could not last.’ “It can be replied to this objection, •that uniformity is but the precursor of variety, and without intelligent uni formity there can be no sure founda tion for progress. We, indeed, expect the greatest variety from the most per fect uniformity and regularity in the systems we are investigating. Were •there no laws of uniform operation in -nature, we should have no foundation for science, physical or psychological; and the most perfect uniformity is yet ■so prolific in variety that the fields in human investigation are infinite. “But we have only space for one practical illustration of this principle •of uniformity. We have, in America, a system of schools, either permitted soy license from the State, or required by State enactments, wh’ch is quite as uniform a system as exists in England, and perhaps far more so. And the uniformity of the American system of graded free schools, for the forty years ■of their operation, has not as yet pre sented any of the special or general evils so much feared by the honorable ■gentleman, and which to him seem so threatening in the schools of England. In several of our American cities the system has matured, during a period of some thirty-odd years, from the kin dergarten to the university. These schools have produced whatever results the organism of the graded system is calculated to accomplish. The pupils have passed from the lower grade, in regular order, in large classes, under similar programmes, in a uniform course, supervised by boards of trustees!, and taught by instructors rising in lit erary attainments from grade to grade through the entire series. When the higher grades are reached, the pupils take more and more optional studies, and less and less required. And, as the curriculum widens toward the end of the course, the linguistic and scien tific studies yield more and more to ■the inclination of the parent or the pupil, until the post-graduates of the high-school, as well as of the univer sity, severally fall into chosen special ties, as their tastes and preparation may dictate. The result. is all that -could be desired.” International Cotton Exposition. —According to announcement the Exposition was opened on the sth inst., with appropriate inaugural ceremonies. The opening was, in every respect, a success. About ten thousand people were present, and there was a fine civic and military display. Addresses were delivered by Director General H. I. Kimball, President Colquitt, Senator Vance, of North Carolina, Senator Voorhees,of Indiana. A poem, written for the occasion by Paul H. Hayne, Esq., was read by Hon. N. J. Ham mond. A chorus under the direction of Mr. C. M. Cady, of Atlanta, sang the "Hallelujah Chorus” of Handel in < fine style. The Exposition was then formally declared open. The exhibits will all be in their proper places during this week and will well repay a prolonged visit, as the •Exposition is an extraordinary one in many respects. The accommodations in the city and surburbs are ample for all visitors. Thousands have already come, and many thousands more will come. Atlanta, in festive array, is ready to receive them. A. P. Tripod. —We take pleasure in commending to the favorable notice of our readers the advertisement of* the above named popular gentleman. He has no superior in the State as a sign, fresco and house painter. His work is artistic and will surely please the most exacting. Try him. He also keeps in store, at 13 Broad street, a fine line of guaranteed paints, oils, varnishes, etc. Personal. —Mr. Marks, the inventor of the famous “Marks’ Folding Chair,” advertised in our columns, is in the city in attendance on the International Exposition. Visitors to the Exposi tion must not neglect to examine this chair. From personal experience we say that it is the best chair of the kind ever invented. —The Christian at Work, (New York) says: “The Atlanta Cotton Ex position, which begins October sth, is full, and no more applications for room can be received. That is pretty good evidence that somebody is alive to its importance. We look for the best re sults from this exhibition of the resour ces of an important section of our coun try, and we hope it will lead to a free intermingling of the people of the North and South. W Sr wJww Secular Editorials—Literature— ' Domestic and Foreign Intelligence. LITERARY NOTES AND COM MENTS. Science, and the investigations of modern scholarship in the fields of his tory, are rapidly dissolving the rosy mist of romance which has, for ages, veiled the pages of history. Many a valuable historic fact has been discov ered to be no fact at all, and many a beautiful picture of the past, dear to poetry, fancy, and the blessed memo ries of our school-days, vanishes into thin air under the iconoclastic hand of our nineteenth century investigators. The last to be assailed by the icono clast is the highly dramatic story of Joan of Arc, to whom statues have been reared, if she has not been actu ally canonized, by the Romish Church. No doubt seems to be at present cast upon the martial exploits of the Maid of Orleans, for it is upon record in the archives of the city that she received two hundred and ten livres from the Town Council for her services at the siege of that place; but authentic doc uments have recently been brought to light at Mentz which indubitably es tablish the fact that the heroic damsel was not burnt at all, either by the Eng lish or her own countrymen, but that she lived to be a respected matron, having,in 1436, been married to a Sieur de Hermoise, or Armoise, of Lorraine, and apparently, as the old romances say, “lived happy ever afterwards.” Thus has modern research spoilt a touching tragedy, the supposed truth of which has been attested by a statue in the city with which her name is as sociated. —English authors complain that publishers are not liberal in arrange ments with them. Most books are pub lished at the author’s risk on the half profit system, that is to say, the profits, if any, are divided between author and publisher. Unfortunately, there rarely are any profits for the author. The publisher buys paper, and has his com position and printing done at a nomi nal price, which he charges to the au thor, although he got heavy discounts off. Thus when a book has sold just sufficiently to pay expenses, the author gets nothing, but the publisher makes a comfortable profit out of his special discounts, and out of his charges for the expenses of his business. In fact, the author takes the risk, the publish er charges all expenses and pockets heavy commissions and then, if there be a profit, he takes half of that also. But there rarely is a profit. A delightful little book of poems ran rapidly through five editions without the au thor’s having received five pounds. Another English poet, who has pub lished two volumes of charming verse, each of which has had more than one edition, has not yet received half as much from both of them as he receiv ed in royalties for the sale, during nine months, of an American edition of cer tain of his poems. There is a wonderful family likeness in the publishing craft all over the world There are honorable exceptions—but rare indeed—on both sides of the At lantic, but the average American pub lisher, in his business dealings with writers and authors who are not in a condition to dictate their own terms, does not, very materially, differ from his English brother-in-trade. —The much-announced third vol ume of the Comte de Paris’s History of the Civil War in America is “nearly ready” again. It describes the Virginia campaign, of which the writter was an eye-witness. —lt is rumored that Mr. Froude is to be elevated to the Peerage, “for his eminent services to literature.” —Mrs. Celia Thaxter “has written the poetry for some of Prang’s Christ mas and New Year’s cards.” And why not? Pegasus must eat and drink like the ordinary nags of the stable. He may fly in the air but he can not live on air. “Money makes the mare go” in poetry as well as in prose. —lt is stated that on July Ist, 1881 the sale of the Moody and Sankey Gospel hymns, including all editions of the three numbers, had reached but a few short of nine million three hundred and thirty-seven thousand copies. —Scribner's Monthly becomes The Century Magazine in November. The prospectus of this, and St. Nicholas, for the coming year promises more and better still for the readers of these magazines. St. Nicholas will have a new serial story written by the editor, Miss Mary Mapes Dodge. —Charles W. Hubner’s “Poems and Essays” will be ready in October, from the press of Brown <fc Derby, New York. —The author of “The Georgians,” in the Round Robin series, is Mrs. E. H. Hammond, who lives in Atlanta, ATLANTA, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, OCTOBER IJ, 1881. where her husband practices law. It is one of the best and most popular books of this select series. —Germany is already beginning to manifest interest in the coming four hundredth anniversary of Luther’s birth. Prof. Hostlin, of Halle, is pre paring a people’s edition of his biogra phy of Luther, while Prof. Kolde, of Erlangen, is said to be engaged upon a new" life of the reformer. Prepara tions are also being made under the editorship of Herr F. Knaake, of Prus sia, to publish a complete edition of Luthei’s voluminous works. —The Sunderland Library, to be sold in London next December, in cludes nearly a hundred editions of the Vulgate Bible, one of which is Faust and Sheffer’s of 1465, printed on vel lum. —A new volume on “Isms,” by Dr. Lorimer, of Chicago, will be published in October by S. C. Craig & Co. —Under the general titled of “Cam paigns of the Civil War,” Charles Scribner’s Sons will begin the publica tion in October of a series of volumes, written at their request by gentlemen prominently connected with the events described, which in their entirety will make the most complete history of our civil struggle yet published. Each vol ume will contain about 250 pp., and be liberally supplied with authentic maps, and will be sold for $1 each. The following are nearly ready : Out break of the Rebellion, by John G. Nicolay, Secretary of President Lin coln ; Fiom Fort Henry to Corinth, by Gen. M. F. Force; The Peninsula, by Gen. A. S. Webb; The Army Under Pope, by John C. Ropes; The Antie tam and Fredericksburg, by Col. F. W. Palfrey; Gettysburg, by Gen. A. Doub leday ; The Army of the Cumberland, by Gen. H. M. Cist: The Campaign of Atlanta, by Gen. J. D. Cox; The March to the Sea, Franklin and Nash ville. by Gen. J. D. Cox; The Cam paigns of Grant in Virginia, by Gen. A. A. Humphreys. —Mr. Stedman’s essays in Scribner, on “Poetry in America,” are sympa thetic in tone and finely written. It is a little singular, however, and unpleas ant, withal in fact, to notice that the es sayist -thus far, in his allusions 'to Southern'poets', has failed to mention the name die latv Ridaey Lamer. It is to be hoped that Mr. Stedman will yet correct this omission. Mr. Ranier in the artistic quality of his verse, is not excelled by any living writer. His genius was of the rarest and purest kind. In poetic art, in the fine es sence of poetry, Mr. Lanier unquestion ably stood at the head of all Southern poets. By circular signed by Frances E. Willard, President, and Mary A. Wood bridge, Recording Secretary, we are requested to publish the fact that the Eighth Annual Meeting of the Wo man’s National Christian Temperance Union will be held in the city of Wash ington, October 25th to 28th, in clusive. The circular states: This meeting is to be composed of one delegate from each Congressional District of each State. Territories and the District of Columbia are, like States, to be represented on the basis of their representation in the United States Congress. In addition to this, all Cor responding Secretaries of States, Su perintendents of Departments of Work, Chairmen of National Standing Com mittees, also the editor and publisher of Our Union, are delegates by virtue of their offices. All delegates are re quested to send their names and post office addresses to Mrs. Clara L. Roach, President of the W. C. T. U., No. 447 P street, N. W. Washington, D. C., who will assign them to their places of entertainment. It is earnestly desired that October 20th be observed as a day of prayer for the National Conven tion by our local auxiliaries, and on Sabbath evening, October 23d, pastors be respectfully requested to hold Union Temperance meetings. “The Lord of Hosts is with us, the God of Jacob is our refuge.” —Macon Tel-graph and Messenger: Rev. Dr. A. J. Battle, president of Mer cer University, returned a few days since from Fort Valley, where he has been assisting the pastor of the Baptist church of that place, with a highly succesful result. Dr. Battle is now in Griffin attending an A ssociation meet ing at that place. His learning, elo quence, deep truth and piety, pre eminently qualify him for the accom plishment of great labors. —Dublin Gazette: A very interest ing revival of religion has been going on at the Baptist church this week. At this writing no additions have been made, but great interest is manifested. BOOKS AND MAGAZINES. Estes A Lauriat, Boston, publish the original Chatterbox, a periodical which cannot fail to please all youthful read ers ; in the October number are contin ued the interesting serials. “The Tour Around the World” introduces many countries, and good full page illustra tions relating to them. ‘Congo in Africa’ is represented, and also Morocco and Algiers. This serial is very instructive as well as interesting. The Chatterbox contains a large variety of excellent full page drawings. An American supple ment is contained in each number. —The latest firm to enter into com petition with the established New York i publishers is that of White & Stokes, at 1152 Broadway. Both members of the firm were formerly connected with Messrs. Dodd, Mead & Co. This firm will bring out “The Christmas Owl,” “Watching For Santa Claus,” which will be a novel holiday affair, contain ing sixteen pages of original and selec ted Christmas poetry, by Mrs. Martha J. Lamb, author of “The Homes of America” and “The History of N«w York.” Its covers will be in the shape of an owl on the chimney-top with its stocking ready for Santa Claus, and will be well done in colors, while the text will be illustrated with cuts of owls, etc. —Peterson’s Magazine is ahead of all others, the November number be ing already issued. The wood cuts fashion plates, and other illustrations are of the best. This magazine has al ways been a favorite with the ladies. With this number appears the prospec tus for 1882, when six original novel ets ■will be given, and, in addition, a hundred sjiort stories. A series of bril liantly illustrated stories, and articles will also appear. Also a paper pattern for a dress, every month. The price of “Peterson” is but two dollars a year, postage free. To clubs, the terms are even lower. Address Charles J. Peterson, 306 Chestnut Street, Phila "delphia, Pa. —D. Appleton & Co., New York, publish “The Wit and Wisdom of the Earl of Beaconsfield.” The selection from his sayings has been made with good judgment, and affords a good of his active and original' mind, volume contains that part of him will surviv,-.Kinon> haps for some generations. The idea of condensing him into the space of a duodecimo volume was a happy one. The book is elegantly printed and tastefully bound. —The Georgia State Gazetteer and Business Directory for 1881-82, just is sued from the Franklin Steam Print ing House, of this city, is without ques tion the best work of the kind ever published at the South. The volume for 1880-81 was exceedingly popular, on account of its thoroughness and the large amount of valuable information furnished, but the present volume is an improvement upon that even, and leaves nothing to be desired by the most critical reader. It is full of impor tant, statistical information, maps, offi cial matter, and the completest register of names of business men, farmers and professional men and others, ever com piled in this State. The book should be found in every counting room and business office in Georgia. The Savannah News speaking of this work, says: “We have received a copy of the “Georgia State Gazetteer a Business Guide,” published by Standard Directory Company, Atlanta, Ga. Besides the usual matter to be found in such a work, it contains a list of planters, giving number of acres of land owned by each, its taxable value, improvements, etc. The book is the largest work of the kind ever printed in the State, and is from the presses of the well known printing house of James P. Harrison & Co., Atlanta, and is a credit to their establishment. Mr. W. L. Kline, who canvassed this city for the work, is here attending to its delivery.” —An article in Popular Science Monthly, for October, on “The Law of Colored Migration,” gives an explana tion of this law as follows: The color ed man is actuated by the same mo tives in changing localities as any oth er man. Social attraction, sympathy, opportunity for paying employment, with facilities for reaching the new home—these determine the direction of his movement. Climate is, no doubt, a consideration which co-operates with others in determining the general re sult, a warm climate being congenial to temperament and favorable to ease of living. In the South, the drift is to the new lands and the rich planting regions; in the north, it is mainly to the accessible States in which employ ment is to be had. The tables of pop- ulation by counties show that the col ored people are very thoroughly dis tributed over the country, thinning out toward the north. In the same lati tude the proportion of the colored pop ulation bears a very uniform relation to the number of whites. In tables giving the white and colored popula- ( tion of Northern States by Counties the adjacent columns,representing the two classes, indicate s’mply on their face this uniformity of relation. There are many Exceptions, of course, as where, for example, in parts of New York, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey, there is a large proportion of Irish, the two races not harmonizing well togeth er, since they are competitors for the same kind of employment. There were 25 per cent, more colored in New York County in 1840 than in 1870 ; while in Hudson County, New Jersey, in which Jersey City is situated, there is far less than the usual proportion of the colored element. But the rule will hold in a general way, notwith standing the exceptions by whatsoever caused.” —“Chatham,” Atlanta correspond ent Savannah News: “The long expec ted “History of the Baptist Denomina tion in Georgia,” with biographical sketches of prominent Baptist divines and laymen, with portraits of four hundred, is now ready for delivery to subscribers. Messrs. Janies P. Harri son & Co., of this city, have spared no no labor or expenses in getting up this elegant volume of 913 pages. lam sure the people of the State generally, as well as Baptists, will hail its publica tion with a feeling of pride that Geor gia has produced such men as its pag es chronicle, and that the result of their labors have been so gratifying. Every family in the State should have and read this splendid volume.” PRESIDENT GARFIELD. “ E venni dal martlrio a quests pace.” These words the Poet heard in Paradise, Uttered by one who, bravely dying here, In the true faith, was living in that sphere, Where the Celestial Cross of sacrifice Spread its protecting arms athwart the skies; And, s* t then on, like Jewels crystal clear, • The souls magnanimous, that knew not fear, Flashed their effulgence on his dazzled eyes. Ah, me I how Cark the discipline of pain, Were not the suffering followed by the sense, Os infinite rest and infinite release ? 1 his is our consolation ; and again A great soul cries to us in our suspense: I cuinflTrotn martyrdom unto this peace I ” UijiaJw.'tiSNßWl&nUT-Tii New YOfk Indi:- fiend ent- I ■■ ■■ ii»m ■■■■•■■■ SI The Arizona Miner says that the Moquis are a tribe of Indians living in northern Arizona, near the line of New Mexico. The only thing wor shipped by these red men is the image of a calf, gorgeously dressed and dec orated with ornaments of gold and sil ver.—Exchange. The worship of the “Golden Calf” is not confined exclusively to northern Arizona. Even in civilized Christen dom this creed has numerous adhe rents. Moreover, one meets “Moquis” in fact, if not in name, frequently upon our streets and in society, who not only worship the image of a calf, but are themselves calves “gorgeously dressed and decorated with ornaments of gold and silver.” —R. G. Williams, of Newark, N. J., in a note published in the New York Sun says: “Pardon me for adding a few words on the subject of Georgia’s in ducements to young men like ‘Ambi tious.’ I have been in every part of the West, Northwest, Middle States, and the eastern shores of Maryland and Virginia, and 'can truthfully say that the Empire State of the South, Georgia offers the best inducements to immigrants who are suited to the cli mate of that latitude. The idea of a colony argues hardships to be encoun tered and opposition to be overcome. Nothing of the kind is needed in estab lishing a home in Georgia. The hand of welcome and hearty, generous, friendly encouragement is offered to all reasonable people who wish to make Georgia their home. Forty-seven cot ton mills, besides other industries, have been started and are in successful op eration, showing how the people feel as to the dignity and prosperity attending labor. Both mechanical and agricult ural pursuits are receiving great atten tion, and the cotton fair of October in Atlanta, the capital, will give an impe tus to all industries in the South, par ticularly Georgia, that will be wonder ful. The capability of the soil of Georgia is very great. She can pro duce a hundredfold more than she does, and furnish a variety that will astonish people in coming years. —King Kalakaua, of the Sandwich Islands, is traveling through the Uni ted States. He will probably visit the International Cotton Exposition at Atlanta. GEORGIA NEWS. —Crops are reported good in Quitman county. —Com is selling for $1.15, cash, per bushel in Screven county. —The railroads in Georgia are doing an immense business. —The police force of Savannah has been increased by twenty. —The estimated yield of the rice crop this season is 35,000 tierces. —Senator Hill is well enough to attend the extra session of the Senate. —There is no charge now for undergradu ates in the University of Georgia. —The citizens of Walton county have organized a Farmers’ Association. —lt is stater! that the railroad from Athens to Jefferson will soon be built. —H. W. J. Ham has been appointed sten ographer of the Northeastern Circuit. —Memorial exercises were held in nearly every city, town and village in the State. —Nine convicts escaped from the camp of Bondurant, Jopling & Co., near Augusta’. —Stewart county has ordered an election to decide the fence question in that county. —The town council of Elberton have ti xed retail license at the rate of SSOO a yea r —Carlton Hillyer, of the Georgia railroad, is said to be the best mathematician in the State. —Some of the farmers of Randolph county are purchasing clover seed for trial in that section. —The Marietta Journal hears of more typhoid fever in that section than ever known there before. About one hundred students so far have matriculated at Mercer University for the fall term, 1881. —Monroe county farmers tell the tax re ceiver that they are worth $70,000 more this, than they were last year. - -The farmers in many parts of the State say their crops are turning out much better than they at first anticipated. —About two hundred and twenty-five persons have lately professed religion and joined the churches at Watkinsville. —The road bed of the Georgia Pacific railroad, between Sweetwater and Douglas ville, is shaped up ready for the cross-ties. —The exports of cotton from Savannah during the month of September foot up 70- 952 bales, against 69,451 bales for the same month last year. —Mr. George I. Seney took $50,000 of stock in the King mill, a new manufactory in Augusta, thus evidencing his further faith in the grand future of Georgia. —The Columbus Times thinks that pick pockets who attend the Cotton Exposition will fare badly, as Georgia has always been an unhealthy section for them. —Mr. J. R Towers, of Rome, has been appointed assistant keeper of the penitentiary by the Governor. He will have his office with the principal keeper in Atlanta. —The City Council has granted the United States Electric Light Company permission to erect poles in Augusta, if a local company is organized in ninety days. —Tbe telegraph line along the Macon and Brunswick railroad extension has been com pleted from Atlanta as far down as McDon ough, and the work is progressing below there. —A farmer living near Boston, Thomas county, has made this year with one horse, fifteen bales of cotton, one hundred and seventy-five bushels of corn, and agood crop of cane and potatoes. —One thousand and eighty bills were in troduced in the House during the session of the Legislature. Seven hundred of these bills were killed. The Senate killed 165 Senate and House bills. —According to the estimate of population used in making up the mortuary report for Savannah, the population is put at 31,879, b. tog 19 114 whites and 15,765 colored, a dlUerence Os 3,349betWeen the racee. t —Gold has been discovered on a tract of land near Lithonia,jn DeKalb county, which belongs to Mr. James T. Corley, of Covington, and propositions from experienced miners have been made to him for working it. —The Worth County Star is the name of a new paper to be issued at Isabella, Worth county, on the 15th instant. It is to be a twenty column weekly journal, by Mr. J. W. Hanlon, and will be the official organ ofthe county. —The Oglethorpe Infantry of Augusta are considering the advisability of disbanding. Members say that no encouragement is given the volunteer soldiery of the State, and that it is useless for them to attempt to keep up an organization. . —Jackson, Butts county, is on a boom. The Griffin News says land that was selling at twenty and twenty five dollars an acre before the Macon and Brunswick extension was commenced, now brings from seventy five to one hundred dollars. —The Augusta Chronicle learns "that after the subscription of SSO 000 of Mr. Seney, to the King Manufacturing Company, a party of three or four Atlanta gentlemen subscribed $30,000. The total subscription now amounts to $560 000, and there is no doubt that the mill will be built.” —Mr. B. F. Hough, of the Savannah Signal corps, is establishing signal stations through Georgia, Florida and Alabama for the pur pose of transmitting news as to temperature and rainfall throughout these sections, to be furnished the statistical bureau at Washing ton, on which to base their estimates and to keep posted as to the growing crops. —Covington Star: "We regret to learn that caterpillars, or the army worm, have attacked the cotton fields in large numbers, and are literally stripping the cotton of its foliage in some sections around Covington. From all the information we can get about them, we are of opinion they are the army worm, as they are reported to be moving from one field to another, and are destroying the vegetation in their line of march." —Albany News : "Mr. Albert Jackson is having a well dug on his place ten miles west of this city, and day before yesterday, at a depth of about twenty-five feet below the surface, he found what was at first sup posed to be a hard rock, but what afterward proved to be a solid vein of iron ore. The vein was four feet thick, and specimens taken from it can now be seen at the office of Messrs. N & A F. Tift & Co., in this city. This is the first and only genuine iron ore that has ever been found in this part of the State, and specimens of it will be sent to Atlanta to the Exposition.” —Americus Recorder: “Mr. Howell Cher ry, the father-in-law of John Hollis, Esq , of Marion, resided in Monroe county. A num ber of years before the war, he made known to Mr. Hollis (but to no other), the fact that he had buried a quantity of gold beneath a certain hearth in bis dwelling. Some eight years ago Mr. Cherry died. About six months thereafter Mr. Hollis visited the house, dug down into the hearth, and there found a tin box containing the precious metal—s3,soo, all in twenty dollar gold pieces. Additional interest is given to this incident from the fact that during his raid into Georgia, Gen. Wilson occupied this house, for a season, as headquarters.