The Rome tribune. (Rome, Ga.) 1887-190?, October 28, 1897, Image 2

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ATKINSON’S MESSAGE (Continued from First Page. rank with the best technical institutions in the country. Georgia, being near the center of the cotton growing area of the Union, should provide for the instruction of her sons in the manufacture of cotton goods. New England has taken steps in this direction for the protection and advancement of her manufactures. The textile schools which have been established at the north are bound to militate to the detriment of our own cotton industries unless they are met with similar institutions in the south. A department of textiles should be added to the Technological school for the purpose of giving our young men the opportunity of becoming experts in the manufacture of cotton goods. lam assured that such a measure would receive substantial aid from many prominent firms and citizens, and on account of the present excellent equipment of the school, the first cost would be reduced to a minimum. GEORGIA NORMAL AND INDUSTRIAL COLLEGE This institution, whose curriculum em braces a literary, a normal and an indus trial course, is doing a great work for the state by supplying its schools with well educated, trained teachers, developing the brain and increasing the culture of her daughters, and rendering them capable of being, when necessary, self sustaining and independent. So great fs the popularity of this college that had its accommodations been ade 2uate it would have in attendance 600 stu ents. Several hundred applicants were unable to gain admission at this term on account of the limited accommodations. The course of study in the normal de partment is considerably in advance of the examinations given applicants for first grade license in our common schools. Under existing laws the graduates of the North Georgia Agricultural and Me chanical college at Dahlonega, State Nor mal School at Athens. Middle Georgia Ag ricultural and Mechanical college at Mill edgeville, Gordon Institute at Barnesville, are permitted to teach in thte common schools without further examination. I therefore recommend that the same right be accorded the graduates of the Georgia Normal and Industrial college. I STATE NORMAL SCHOOL AT ATHENS. This school has become a very valuable part of our educational system and is worthy of your aid and encouragement. In the management of various public 'institutions it has been found of great ad vantage to the institutions and a relief to ’the officers in charge to have some of the trustees located so as to be accessible to the institution. It is not advisable to change the personnel of the present excel lent board of commissioners who are charged with the immediate control pf the institution, and as their present number, five, is rather small, I recommend that the governor be authorized to appoint, from the county of Clarke, two additional mem bers to said board. NORTH GEORGIA AGRICULTURAL AND ME CHANICAL COLLEGE AT DAHLONEGA, GA. I enjoyed the pleasure of attending the commencement exercises of this very ex cellent institution, and gladly testify to its usefulness. It is doing a magnificent work for North Georgia and deserves the encouragement which it has received at the hands of the general assembly. PENSIONS. The appropriations made at your last session were sufficient for the payment of all approved pensions except those known as indigent pensions (Act 1894. page 32). After payment in January, 1897, of the rolls for 1896, there was left a balance of $40,380. Instead of paying in full each new claim as it was approved, it was thought advisable to pay no new applicant until all pending cases had been passed on by the commissioner of pensions. When such examination was concluded, twice as many claims were approved as could be paid S6O each from the unexpended bal ance, and the same was prorated, allowing S3O to each, just half the amount, had the appropriation been sufficient. In view of the increase in this class of pensioners, it will be necessary for you to make for theii payment in 1898. an additional appropria tion of $40,000, which does not take into consideration the new claims to be passed on for that year. I respectfully advise that no special pen sion be granted except the claim has been approved in due course of law. Many reasoiis may be urged against this kind of legislation, but it is only necessary to re fer to the constitution, Art. 1., Bee. 4, Par. 1, providing that ’“no special law shall be enacted in any case for which provision has been made by an existing general law.” Nor should any pension be paid for any time prior to the date of its approval, un less all are so paid, as new claims are con tinuallj' being placed on the rolls, and, if one be paid, then it seems only just to pay c.ll hack to the passage of theoriginal law- No woman has the right to be a Y helpless, sick, R nervous, fretful >Cr' burden to her hus si*>JrljWitband. If she is, it ' ’ s due to her own kt>3» ignorance or neg * mhRA ' ect - If ■ slle ’wSigffijgg!® h take proper care of herself and look •J after the health of the delicate organs that are the most import ant parts of her physical make-up, she will soon be a healthy, amiable helpmate, in stead of a burden to the partner of her joys and sorrows. No women who suffers from weakness and disease of the distinctly wo manly organism can be a good, helpful wife to an ambitious man. It is easy to keep these organs healthy and vigorous. The most wonderful medicine for women is Dr. Pierce’s Favorite Prescription. It acts directly on the organs that make her a woman. It cures all weakness and disease. It allays inflammation, soothes pain, and permits the tortured nerves to resume their natural condition. It stops all weakening drains and the woman who has hitherto been nervous, weak and fretful becomes robust, helpful and happy. Thousands of happy women, who were once pain-tortured and miserable, testify to its virtues. All good druggists sell it. “I write you these few lines to let you know the good your ‘ Favorite Prescription ’ did my wife,’’ writes Dennis H. Connelly, Esq., of Clear Water, Wright Co., Minn. “ Previous to mother hood ’he was very sick. She could not do her own work until she took two bottles of • Favorite. Prescription.' She took her Doctor's medicine but it did her no good. Your medicine is the best my wife ever had.” Have you a good reliable medical book in the house? There ought to be one in every family in the world. Os all the med ical books published there is not one so comprehensive and reliable as Dr. Pierce’s Common Sense Medical Adviser. In all its 1,008 pages there is not one sentence that may not be readily understood. No phy sician in the world has been a greater bene factor than has Dr. Pierce. The best he knows is in this book. It is illustrated with over 300 plates and drawings. It talks about hundreds of ailments and tells you how to cure them. You may have this book for the cost o* - nailing it. If you want the book in paper covers send 21 one-cent stamps, to cover the cost of mailing only. For cloth cover send 31 stamps. World’s Dispensary Medical Association, Buffalo, N. Y. - -v v = high : ■ authority! : 111 111 hi Dr. S. Weir Mitchell is au- m {][ thority for the statement that nerv- ’[{ in ousness is the characteristic mal- m hi ady of the American nation, and m "[ statistics show that nerve deaths in number one-fourth of all deaths in m recorded, the mortality being main- |M w ly among young people. : Johnston’s : Sarsaparilla : QUART BOTTLE. „ J is the grand specific for this great „ n American disease, because it goes m straight to the source of the weak- " ii ness, building up health and £ n strength by supplying rich, abund- in " ant food and pure blood to the 111 „ worn-out tissues, rousing the liver n to activity and regulating all the m J organs of the body. n Williams, Davis, Brooks * Co., Detroit, |i II m Ilf Liverettes the famous little liver pills, ajc. ml ra 11 bias ram=■ rassfi For sale by Curry-Arriagton Co/* or, at least, to tne'tlme at wliicntne Claim ant may have become entitled. The liberality with which our state has dealt with its veterans and their widows is a source of pride to all Georgians. As the old heroes feel more heavily the hand of time, their wounds and infirmi ties require them to lean more on the helping hand of the state, and I confi dently believe that our people will con tinue to respond to their needs with gen erous aid. ELECTION LAWS. Laws regulating elections should effect ually prevent fraud, and so guard the right of the elective franchise that the des tiny of our state will be entrusted only to those citizens whose ballot is unpur chasable. While earnestly desiring our state to follow in the wake of other states, and enact legislation which will guarantee honest elections, controlled by the votes of honest men, I will not now do more than call your attention to the importance of the subject. I would rejoice to see you deal with the entire subject at your pres ent session. In addition to legislation dealing di rectly with this grave question, the right to use money in elections should be strictly guarded and directions given how, and through what channels, it should pass. The experience of others has led them to make such provisions, and, in my opinion, we should take Similar action. The amount of money which can be used by a candidate before the people or gen eral assembly should be limited, the pur poses specified by Jaw, and the successful candidate should be required, before he as sumes the duties of his office, to exhibit and file a sworn itemized statement of ex penses which should not exceed the amount allowed by law. For a violation of this law he should forfeit his right to the Office to which he is elected. Positions should not be awarded to men on account of the wealth they possess. The power and political influence of men should not, in the smallest degree, be measured by money, but by their moral and intellectual worth. The history of this country gives ample proof that the best service has been rendered the repub lic by men whose study of questions af fecting the public had so far monopolized their time that their own possessions were small. The proposed measure should be suffi ciently comprehensive to specify the pur pose for which money can be used in a party primary or final election, and free offic als from that obligation, which is in curred by personally receiving from others a contribution to aid in securing an election. If, for instance, candidates for the office of solicitor general, judge and United States senator are permitted, by direct contributions, to place candidates and the party authorities in the respective coun ties under direct obligation to them by contribution to campaign fund, it will de grade political life, put capacity and worth at a discount, and make money the test of merit. The influence of money in politics is already two great, and should be promptly reduced to a minimum. All contributions for political cam paigns should be made direct to the party officials, and no man not a resident of a county should be permitted to contribute to the county election. To prevent undue influences of money from this source, such contributions should, in congres sional-campaigns, be given to the district committee, and in state campaigns to the state committee, to be by them expended where they think best. To encourage worthy men who do not possess wealth, to secure a fair submission to voters of questions involving govern mental policy and personal merit, to avoid the debauching of politics by the power of money, to guard the purity of the public service, that government may merit the respect and confidence of the people, I earnestly ask that prompt action be taken to avoid the disastrous results which must follow the evils to which I have called your attention. THE INCREASE OF CRIME. The increase of our prison population is a matter for serious consideration. In 1869 there were only 393 convicts in our penitentiary; in 1871, 385; in 1874, 616; and now they are 2,357. This, of course, does not include those in the county chain gangs, numbering about 1,850. The number in the penitentiary would be even larger but for legislation by your predecessors, under the provisions of which a large number who were convicted of felony has been sent to the county chaingangs. In 1871, 15 per eent of the convicts were white, and in 1897 8 per cent are white. During this period the blacks in the peni tentiary have increased 600 per cent. While the increase in white convicts has been small, our penitentiary has been rap idly replenished from the ranks of the negro population. The number convicted in recent years is much larger than just after they were given their freedom. More were received into the penitentiary in the year 1896 than in the years 1869, 1870 and 1871 combined. The whole number of convicts received from the establishment of the penitentiary, March 10, 1817, to Oct. 16, 1866, a period of 49 years and seven months, was 2.029; total number received during the four years. 1894-5-6-7, was 2.307. This result has been reached in spite of the fact that in addition to what has been done by towns and cities supporting local school systems we have spent within that time about, $4,000,000 in an effort to edu cate the negroes, that they may become better citizens. I rtm not ready to admit that this has been a waste, or that the race has retro graded in spite of the effort of the state and philanthropic individuals to afford them educational advantages. It is unquestionably true that a large number of the race have made great pro "r„ss intellectually and morally. While THE ROME TRIBUNK, JHUfiSDAY, OCTOBER 28, 18H7 tins conamon exists among the oetterlue ment, a considerable percent of them have no regard for law or morals, and from this element the penitentiary is being re plenished with alarming rapidity. How to correct this demoralization and elevate this people to a better standard of citizen ship, is a problem which must call into requisition the nobility of character and the wisdom of the Anglo-Saxon. I cannot discuss this question now, further than to make one suggestion. To educate this element without, at the same time, giving them moral instruc tion is an injustice to them and to society. It is therefore, the part of wisdom to look more to character in selecting the teach ers who are to receive our money for ser vices in the schoolroom. The best of the race, intellectually and morally, should be selected to teach in public schools. The law should require the school authorities to look closely into the conduct and character of each appli cant before license is granted to teach. This provision should apply alike to white and black. In every way possible we should endeavor to improve the morals of the people by imparting through the schoolroom correct principles and pure morality. The teacher should not only train the mind, but build noble charac ters. This I suggest as one o (the factors that would aid in reducing our criminal popu lation. This, however, must necessarily be slow in having its effect, while present condi tions call for quick and repressive meas ures. GOVERNMENT, CRIME AND LYNCHING. The graver crimes are of alarming fre quency and more seriously affect that por tion of our population who reside outside the towns ana cities. In these sections, the crime of burglary, arson and rape have become more frequent than in the years of disorder that followed the civil war. There are now in the penitentiary 78 con victs for assault to rape, and 81 for rape. Os all crimes known to our law, these two are the most villanous. Their frequency has terrorized the people residing in rural districts, and so aroused their fear and resentment that it has been impossible in many of these cases to induce them to await the action of the courts. Since Nov. 1, 1894, there have been 12 negroes lynched who were charged with rape and assault with intent to rape, and one white man who was charged with rape. In addition to these, there have been seven negro men, one negro woman and one white man lynched who were charged with other offenses. Total for three years, 22, or a little more than seven per year. These occurred in the following counties: Appling, Clinch, Dooly. Habersham, Mon roe. Montgomery. Spalding, Muscogee, Talbot, Colquitt, Twiggs, Jasper, Cal houn and Bibb. It is the duty of government to protect its citizens, and to do all that can possibly be done to prevent the commission of, not only, the offenses which have provoked the people to resort to such a reprehensible remedy, but all offenses, and to guarantee to every citizen charged with crime a trial before an impartial tribunal, as guaran teed by the constitution. In dealing with this question, the people of the southern states are, of all people, in the most trying position. Here a large per cent of our population has been clothed with the rights and privileges of citizen ship before receiving the training neces sary to prepare them for the duties and responsibilities of so important a position. If the same population had been placed among the people of any other section of the Union, they would have the same problem to deal with which now confronts us, and would find just as much human nature among their people as is exhibited by ours. Notwithstanding the anomalous condi tion which exists here, our people deplore mob violence, but should be more deter mined in insisting upon leaving to courts and juries the punishment of violators of the law. If defects exist in the law, the remedy is not to ignore and violate the law, but to amend it. The citizen cannot be justified in trampling upon law and assuming the functions of judge, jury and executioner. It is the duty of the citizen to leave to the government, under which he lives, the righting of wrongs, and the punishment of crime. The man who ignores this obli gation anc assumes with his own hand to punish crime, becomes a criminal. The evil to which I allude is not re stricted to this state or section, but is national. The irequency of such occurrences within the last few years is calculated to alarm every citizen who realizes the dread ful results to which it leads,, or the enor mity of the crime against human rights, government and civilization. To denomi nate these offenses lynchings do not make them less lawless or barbarous. It is an attack upon government itself— a conflict between the forces of anarchy and law. It is fundamentally wrong, be cause it defies government, ignores law and punishes without law or evidence. Under our government, laws are made and unmade at the will of the majority. If there are unwise laws, the people can repeal, if a need for one, the people can enact. Any organized effort to set at naught our laws and punish crime with out and in defiance of the law is itself criminal. It is worse than criminal. In its very essence, it is treason against the majority and against government. In the discussion of lynching, let it be clearly understood that it is not a question as to whether or not those guilty of crime ■hall be punished, but whether or not the innocent shall escape. Not a question as to whothor thw rrniltv shflll tig DUpjshed. EVERY FAMILY SHOULD KNOW THAT is a Tory remarkable remedy, both for IN. TERNAL and EXTERNAL use, and won dcrful in its quick action to reliere distress. Pain-Killer Threat? Co u sh s? a ilia. Diarrhea, Dysentery, Cramps, olera, and aU Bolset Complaints. n a in- THK best rem. siilll—lx.lllCs e 4y known for Sea Sickness, Sick Headache, Pain in the Baek or Side, Rheumatism and Neuralgia. Pain-Killer MADE. It brings speedy and permanent relief in all cases of Bruises, Cuts, Sprains, Maymi** Rurna. Ad. Pain-Killer to * h * trt * d ,nd sUlll"l\liiCr trusted friend of tbs Merhaurc, Farmer, Planter, Sailer, and In tact all dosses wanting a medicine always at hand, and safe to use internally er externally with eertainty of relief. iS RECOMMENDED tk fSMsteians, by Missionaries, by Ministers, by Mechanics, by Nurses in Mospilals. BY EVERYBODY. '* “ Medicine Chest in r'ain-n.lllCr itself, and few vessels Mare port without a supply of It. S(f~ Ho ihmlly can aflbra to be without this Invaluable remedy In the house. Its price brings ft within the redeb of all, and It will annually save many Umee its o si la doctors' bllla Beware of Imitation. Take noas hut ths Bsnulas “Paxar Da is." »ut vfiierneT or not ine act or puinsiiing shall multiply criminals. In a free government like ours there is no excuse for lynching. If there is evi dence to convict the courts will punish; if there is not, punishment should not be in flicted. The courts of our state can be trusted to punish the guilty and protect our property, our persons and the honor and virtue of our women. I am deeply concerned for a remedy for this evil that we may save from guilt the men who engage in it, and protect the in nocent. who are too often sacrificed. TRIAL BY MOB. The mob is not a safe tribunal to justly determine any cause. Not long since in this state it is said that a mob, which had gathered, failed to take action because of a division in their own ranks, one portion wishing to hang a man who had not been tried, and the other, to liberate one who had been tried, heard in all the courts and sentenced to be hanged for murder. The mob judges without a full and com- Clete hearing from both sides. Its mem ers are not the most capable of judging. It decides in passion and, too often, in whisky. How can it fail to make mis takes and sacrifice the lives of the inno cent? I feel the more deeply upon this question because from the best information I can •ecure, I believe that during my adminis tration there have been in this state sev eral men lynched who were not guilty of the crimes with which they were charged. How many, can never be known, for their tongues are hushed, and they are denied an opportunity to prove their inno cence. I am informed that one man. whom the mob believed to be guilty, was shot down. A question then arose as to his identity and he was salted down like a hog, shipped to the location of the crime and found to be the wrong man—an inno cent man. When an innocent man is lynched for a crime it serves to protect the guilty. The members of the mob, their friends and sympathizers seek to impress it upon the community that the right one has been punished and the guilty goes unsought and unsuspected. Even during this year evidence has come to light showing that in several states victims of the mob have been innocent men.,, During my term of office one man. who was rescued from the mob, was accorded a trial which resulted in showing that he was not guilty of the offense with which he was charged. An other fled from the mob to the executive office, and asked for protection, and a trial by jury. They were given him, and it de veloped that he was not guilty of the charge for which the mob endeavored to take his life. To what extent this practice has been or will be used for purposes other than the alleged reason given to the public, will never be known. In one instance, not long ago. it was stated and accredited that a man who had been charged with rape came near being lynched. When the truth became known it brought to light the fact that the purpose m preferring the charge was to have him lynched in order to suppress his evidence against parties who had been violating the prohibition law. In another instance a man, charged with an assault upon a woman, escaped the mob, which was in pursuit, and estab lished the fact that the charge was made against him to defeat the collection of a debt. Had the parties been lynched it is not probable that their guilt would have been questioned. These things serve to emphasize the im portance of adhering to law, and of your so legislating as to suppress this evil,' and guarantee to every one charged with crime a fair and impartial trial. Responsibility for the crime of lynching rests not only upon actors, but upon the community which shuts its eyes to the ! crime and permits and tolerates it, and upon legislators who refuse to enact laws to suppress it. It can and will be stopped when the bet ter element who deprecate mob law ag gressively condemn and determine to sup press the practice. It is no excuse to say that the northern people, who have less to provoke them to it. lynch. Let us not take them as a standard, but rather show a higher type of civilization in our state, and erect here a standard to which they may aspire. LYNCH FOR WHAT CRIMES. Lynch law has not been restricted to cases where the charge was an outrage upon a female. In Texas a man was lynched simply to suppress his evidence; in Kentucky because he was objectionable to the neighborhood, and in Indiana five men were lynched for burglary. In our state, in the last three years, seven men have been lynched for murder, and one man and one woman because they were suspected of Even had it Deen confined to offenses committed upon females it could not be justified. To adopt it, in these cases, is to put the life of every man in the power of any woman who might for any reason desire his death. When such crimes are charged the passion of the people is more deeply stirred than by any other, and the mob is quick to act. Yet viewed from the standpoint of rea son and not of passion, there is less excuse for lynching in such cases than in any other. Delay cannot be given as a reason, nor a fear that justice will be defeated. At Monticello and Columbus the men were taken out of the courtroom during the trial and lynched. In most cases they are taken from the custody of officers of the law, when they know that the court will convince and give a speedy trial. For this offense, above all others, the courts are quick to try, and if guilty, the juries certain to convict. It is not then that they fear delay or the acquittal of the guilty, but it is a defiance of law. It is a desire to substitute pas sion for evidence and vengeance for jus tice. There being no excuse to be found for fear of either delay or failure of justice, but one reason is left, and that is the ob jection to the outraged victim having to go into court and relate the horrible story. That this is a terrible ordeal every one must concede, but human life must be valued even above this trial. She should undergo this trial, not as a sacrifice to the guilty, but to conform to the rules of law, which centuries of experience have demon strated to be absolutely essential for the protection of the innocent. The truth cannot be had save by having both sides heard before an impartial tribunal. To remove this objection, however, our law provides that, on such occasions, the judge may order the courtroom cleared of all save the jurors and lawyers engaged In the case on trial. There is therefore no justification nor excuse for a resort to lynching, even in this class of cases, when the defendant is charged with the most dastardly and hor rible of crimes. No man doubts in these cases that the law will punish the guilty, and if he did, he could not find a remedy by making a murderer of himself. The remarkable fact exists that in a majority of instances the party lynched is taken from the custody of officers. I can under stand how a near relative of the victim of the lust of a human brute who sees before him the man whom he believes has com mitted the outrage, and in the heat of pas sion slays him, can enlist the interest and sympathy of a community; but how any one can fail to condemn those who are guilty of the cowardly act of taking from the officers of the law a man who is dis armed and helpless and hanging him with out trial, surpasses my comprehension. EFFECT OF LYNCHING. Both •■nd worthy immigytmts (Continued on Page 3,) GOLD DUST ——A ■huh I Something I ■i'iim /UR///-/ | ■moi I That Nothing | I F ■!« Will Clean B I™ IW I l IltH so quickly and so well, S sis i— so freshly and so thor- ■huh 7m"''' llillllililll I J ■tiiuiß ■m u N. . u. -~1 H H tel I=l r-l r I l- v « ■luma tfr - oughly as ■nun ** ~ ■luma inuui ■luma Minin YKURK. iGoldDustii ■mill ■IIIIIIB 1: Washing Powder ■llilll ■UIIIIB SIIIS This famous cleanser makes milk pans, cane and cooking uten •' “ sils sweet and fresh. 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In our repair department we do first-class work. Employ competent mechanics and the best painters and trimmers. Best Oils, Paints and Varnishes used. T. I. WILSON. Proprietor.