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Hhk con stitution OF TME STATE OF OEO3«U. ARTICLE 1. OEMAHATins or roiousKstAi. FR!V"in.e*. 1. The fumliHv'iitid principles of Fret Oo»yrfi;u rit cannot I*• Utu Wj)M Understood, nor re< trrrt to, 2. <3»l iaMOlaiiwff t hapten hhall live uniler r,o#t-ini>tw; Jwrf ae’fTjT'T .•*«-- ami ati niiulitritflmi of civil stovornraeut a rot iu Im niiUi, Ain't thurof.ire, fallible hand*, tbejunay w altered or m.Mlititi.l wbenevor the saflxy or happiness i>f the Em-i'iiv.l require it.— No government xh.r.iUi !«■ changed for light or trandent can- ; nor imles* ti|>ou rrawna- We tukturonov that a better will lx* establish ed. 3. j-nitoctlon 1 1 peril,n aud ir the duty of (io' einnicnt; autljflj Govern ment which k-i " in/1 • nnd pptetotentU de nies nrvith-hotd*frt>m thiwprvorned such protection, when within irt powet, release* them fixitn tlieo'dijuti.mjf uhedieucre. 4. No citizen dwiLUflffdi'prived of life, lile erty or liv doe nrncwi of law; tutu of fit • or liberty, only by the jodgnmenf of hi- jx-ers. 5. Tin* writ Of’C/rjrts,” altall not be suspended. unless in ciye of rebellion or invasion, the pulilie safety mab require it. 0. The right of tint jieople to keep and boev senH ih.»!l not bi'infrimred. 7. No religious teat shall l><> required for the te.-ore of any office; and no religion •ball be e.tnbKahed by law; and no citizen shall be deprived ofany right or privilege by reason of lib, religious ladies. 8. Freedom el ’bought mi l opinion, free dom of speech, and free lon, of fbe press a«e inherent elements of political liberty. But while every citizen may ‘reely speak, write and print, on any subject, he '-hall be rc spoo-ihle for the abuse of flu- liberty. ft. The right of the people to ropes! to the courts ; to petition Government on all mat ters of legitimate to assemble for tne consideration m* any matter of public concern—shall never be im paired. tp. For ever' riidkt. there should be pro vided a remed" , mi l every Citizen ought to cotnin justice without purrttafre, without de nial, and without delay—conformably to the laws of the land. 11. Every person chat-pod with an offence against the laws of the .State shall have the privilege and benefit of counsel : .Shall lx furnished on demand, with a copy of the accusation, and with a list of the wit nesses against him: Shall have compulsory process to obtain the attendance of his own witnesses: Shall be confronted with the witnesses testifying against him ; and Shall lin'-e a public and speedy trial by an impurtiai jury. 12. No jx-rsou shall be put in jeopardy of life or liberty more than once for the same offence. 13. No conviction shall work corruption of blood, or genera! forfeiture of estate. 14. E xcoaLve Iwi! shall not be required ; nor excessive fines imposed ; nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted. 15. The power of the courts to punish for contempt shall 1«5 limited by Legislative Act*. t 10. A faitbfnl executionof tin- laws is es- to guod order ; and good order in (so ciety is c-scntia! to liberty. [lt. Legislative Acts in violation of the fundamental law are void; and the Judicia ry shall ~o declare then:. 18 He )>• if" '■> hws. and law, impairing the obligation of contracts, and rctro-a-tive legialalkm injurio-.i-ly nlh—tinr the right of the citizen, are prohibited. 19. Laws should hsvi a general operation; and no general law shall lie varied in a par ticular case by special Ivgiatotion ; except with consent or a!’ persons to be affected t hereto v. 20. ’file right of taxnt - >n can be granted only by the people: and shall be exercised only to rais" revenue for the support of Government, to pay the public debt : to pro vide for the common defence, and for such other purposes at- arc specified in the grant of pow ers. 21. In eases of r.e v -i’v, private way« an 1 the right to carry water over ian 1 for the purpose of mining and draining, may be granted upon ju-t compensation being first pidd: and with this ex reptimi, private prop erty shall not be taken except for public use; and then, only ujion just compensation; such compensation except in ease, of pre-s --ing necessity, to lx lir.it provided and paid. 22. The right of the people to I* secure in their persous, iiouses, papers and effects, against unreasonable rcirehes and seizures, shall not be violated : nod no warrant shall issue but upon probnUo cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and pai-tje ilarly describ ing the place or places to be searchod, and th<- persons and ujire- to be seize.l. 23. Martial 1-i.v Vagi! not be declared, ex cept in cases of extreme nrees.viy. 24 Large standing armies, in time of npee, are dangerous to liberty. 25. No Idicr s ,11. n time of peace, be quartered in any iiouic without the consent of the owner ; nor in time of war, but in a manner proscribed by law. 29. The person of a debtor slmli not be detained in prison after delivering bom Ji all his estate for tne use of his creditors. 27. The tmiunerati ,-n of rights herein con tained shall not be eon trued to deny to the people ativ inherent rights which they have hitherto enjoyed. 28. This declaration is a part of this Con stitution. and shall never be riolatod on any pretence whatever. ARTICLE 11. Sec. I—l. The Legislative, Executive and Judicial Department, shall lx- di-tinot; and each di-jnrlmcnt shall I-c confided to a sepa rate body of magistracy. No person or collection of persons, being of one depart ment, shall exercise any power properly at tached to either of the others; except in cas es herein exon siv pn>v: led. 2. The Legislative power shsll he vested in a General Assembly, which shall consist of n {Senate and House of Heprenentritives. 3. The meeting of the General Assembly shall tie annual, and on the first Wednesday in Novem’icr, until such (lay of meeting snail he altered l»y law. .A majority of each Jlouse shall constitute a quorum to transact l-.ttstress; but a smaller number may adjourn front day to day, and compel the attendance of their members in such man:- -r as each Iloufsc sbr.ll proscribe. K» session of the General aasemhig shall continue for more than forty days, unless the same shall be done by a vote of two-third* of each branch thereof. 4. The ctrtlpenns! ion of flip members and officer* of the General Assembly shall be fixed bv law-, at. the first session, subsequent to the adoption of this Constitution; and the same shall not be increased so as to ntfect tlte compensation of the members or officer* of the Assembly by w hich the increase is adopted. 5. No penm hoi Lug any military com mission or otic;- nppiintment, having any oranbtmc’it or eonqx-naetion at-nexed there to, under tiu* g. ~te or the Confederate fitnlc-A, or ;it!ic; of them, (except Justices nf the !iif»ri'*r Conrt. Justice* of tba lVaee aitdWmL-rr* oft!» militia,) nor ativ dt-fattlter |f,,r public money ,or for legal tax.-s tvquirt-d of him, ab.i’l have a s-.-st in either branch of the General Assembly; i-or shall any Sena tor or R-.-iresentatSve, after his qualification an «ich. lie elected to any office or appoint jnont by the General Assembly h.sving any emoluments or compensation annexed there to, dnnng the time for which he shall have been eiectetl. * f,. No person convicted of any felony in volving any species of the tlk- crii*eu fd!xu Oebt-c nnv Court of this State or of the Confederate Sfattrt, shall be rlligible to any i office or appointment of honor, profit or 1 t nut, within this State. 7. No person w ho is a collector or iuddei of public inuncv, shall be eligible to any of fice in this State, until the anmc is account ed fir and juiid into the Treasury. Sr.c-rto.fS—l. The Senate that! consist of tlirty four tnemlwi-s, one bo ehoncti from! each .Senatorial district, which district *ha>l | lie composed of three continguous counties. Isa new county is eatnblished, It shall be added to a district which it at(joins, until there shall lie another arrangement of the Senatorial district*. The Senatorial districts whnli not lie changed, exto.pt when a new] census shall hove been taken. 2. No person shall lx’ a Senator who shall not have attained to the age of twenty dive and be a citizen of the Confederate mt Aw, andjiave been for tliree years an in- [ habitant offnis State, and for one year a resident of the district from which he is cho- | sen. 3. The presiding officer shall be styled the | President of the Senate, an;! shall lx- elected j rim r.er from their own body. 4. The Senate shall have the solo power I to try all impeachments. When sitting for | that purpose, tbej slmil lx- on oath or aliit- 1 motion: and no person shall bo convicted i without the concurrence of two-thii-d»of the j members present. Judgement, in cases of. i impeachment, shall not extend further than ! removal from <iiii--e and disqualification to : hold Rtid enjoy ativ office of honor, p’-oftt or j trust within this Slate ; but the party eon-, victed shall nevertheless be liable and subject ! to indictment, trial judgement and punish-j meat according to h-.w .* Sn rioN 3—l. The House of Represent*-! lives shall be composed as follows. The ] thirty seven counties having the largest rep* J resontative population shall have two Hep- i j rcaontativps each. Every other county shall j have one Representative. The designation !of tin counties having two Representative* ] shall he made by the General Assembly im mediately after the taking of each ccn ; sits. 1 2. No person shall be n Representative j who shall not have attained to the age of Mventy-one year*, and be a citizen of the : Confederate Stales and have been for three 1 year- an inhabitant of this State, and for one : year a resident of the county which he rep-' | resent*. 3. The presiding officer of the House of; i1! e preset I tsliv. - nail be styled the Speaker. ! am! shall bo elected niai r.< r from their own laxly. 4. They shall have the sole power to im peach all person* who have been or may b<- try office. 5. All bills for raising revenue or appro-1 printing money, shall originate in tlx- Hou.sc j of Representative*; hut the Senate may propu-e or concur in amendments, a.- ia oth- ' et bills. Sec. 4 — l. Each House shall be the judge ! of the election, returns, and qualifications of | its own members ; and sluill have power to j punish them for disorderly behavior or mis- j conduct, by censure, fine imprisonment or j expulsion ; but no member shall be expelled i except bv a vote of two-(birds of the House i from which he is expelled. 2. Each House may punish, by imprison-1 tnent not extending beyond tne session, any ] |x-rsiin not a member, who shall be guilty of a contempt by any disorderly boha-. -mr ; ii its presence ; or who, during the se«-imi, shall threaten injury to the person or es- j tate iff any member, fir any thing said or j done in either House; or who shall assault j any member tbcri-f.r. or who shall assault I or arrest nnv witness going to or returning ; therefrom ; or who shall rescue, r.uy person : arrested by order of either House. 3. The member* of both I lon n-s shall be free from errest, during their attendance on tire Goners! Assembly, afcd in going to and returning therefrom except fortrea-on. felo ny, or brett-di of the peace. And no mem ber shall be liable to answer in any other place, for anything spoken in debate iu either lbut*c. 4. Each House alir.ll keep a journal i! its proceedings, and publish them immediately : after its adjournment. The yeas and nays , of the members on any question shall, at the desire of one-fifth of the member- pres cut, be entered on thejmirimls. The origi nal journals shall be preserved (after puldi ention) in the office of thefciccretary of State : i but there shall be no other record thereof. 5. Every bill, before it shall pas«, shall be read three times, and on three oeperate ! and distinct days in each House, unless in ; can’s of actual invasion nr insurrection.— j 1 Nor shall any law or ordinance pass which j refers to more than one subject matter, or I eon tides matter different from what is ex-j pressed in the title thereof. 6. All A-'ts shall he signed by the Tresi- ! dent of the Senote and the Speaker of the j House of Representative*; and no bill, ordi- j nance or resolution intended to have the ef r.s-t of law. which shad have been rejected by ! either House, siiali be again promised un-ier > the same or any other tiile. without tie consent of two thirds of the Ilotir by which the sumo was rejected. 7. Neither House shall adjourn for more , than three days, nor to any other place, without the eon-ont of the other; and in i case ol disagreement between the two | 1 Fou- i.n a question of rejournment, the j Governor n-.av adjourn them. 8. Every Senator and Representative. ■ lx fore taking hi* seat, Khali take an oath or 1 affirmation to support the Constitution of the ('onfederito States and of this State;! and also, that hr hath not practised any un-! lawful means, either directly or indirectly, to procure his election. And every person convicted of having given or offered a biihc shall lie disqualified from serving as n tnem lierof cither Houne forthc term for which he wa‘- elected. 9. Whenever this Constitution requires an Act to be pas t’d by two-think of both Houses, the yea* end nays on the passage thereof shall be entered cm the journals of j each. Sr.r. 5.—1. The General Assembly shall j have power to make all laws and ordinan ces, consistent with this Constitution and 1 not repugnant to the Constitution of the ; Confederate States, which they shall deem necessary and proper for the welfare of tie- State. 2. They may alter the boundaries of, counties, and lay off and establish new coun ties ; but every bill to establish anew coun ty shall be jias-ed by at least two-third* of j the metuliers present, in each branch of the General Assembly. 3. They shall provide for the taking of a census or enumeration of the people of this .State, at regular decades of years, commenc ing at such time as they may prescribe. 4. The General Assembly shall have power to appropriate money for the promo tion of learning and science, and to provide foi*the education of the people. 5. The General Assembly shall have power, by a vote of two-thirds of each j branch, to grant [sirdiin in cases of final con viction for treason, and to pardon and com- | mute in cases of final conviction for mur der. Sec. G 1. The General Assembly shall j have no jxiwer to grant corporate powers | and privileges to private companies, except to banking, insurance, railroad, canal, plank-, road, navigation, mining, ex pres- lumlxw and telegraph .tuinpanies gnip to make or change election precincts ; nor establish bridges and ] ferries; nor to change names of legitimate children ; l.utsball by law. j rescrihethe man nerin which such jw>wer*!iall lie exercisetl by 1 the Courts. Hut no bank charter altalf lie granted or extended, and no Act paused au thorizing the «n*pen«uin of specie payment j by any chartered l«nk. except by a vote of j two-third* of erxh branch of the General Assembly. ■ 2. No mnneT shall lie drawn from the Treasury of tliis State, except bv appropri ation made by lav.-: and a regular state- 1 Iniimt and accmuU of the n cf 9i* and ixiwii ilituro of all pnl™- money -.lfcll be [%W«sh vil from time to time. 3. No vote, rv-oUitiomy law ;-hall pass, granting ft tlnMion jjiw ftratuity in favor of any person, ej»rpt m- the eon * currenae oftwo-tlurdH ml «. tjpuich of the Getioroi Asseiuldy. 4. No law sitail b’ pnwSFby which * citizen Khali be com|xdled. directly or indi roctfer, to badome a stockholder in or con tribute to ft railroad or other work of inter nal improvement, without liis consent ; ex cept the inhabitants of a corporate town or |city, ’Phis provision shall not be construed jto doinr the power of taxation for the pur is>-.‘ of making b vcos or dauu. to prevent the overflow of liver*. Sec. 7.—1. The' importation or iritro ductionof ni’criK’s fi’om any foreign country, other than the *lavelio!dsug States or Tcrri turios of the United States of America, ia j forever prohibited. 2. The General Assembly may prohibit I the introduction ofnegroes frnme any State; | hut they shall have no power to prevent | immigrant* from bringing their slave* with | them. I 3. The General Assembly shall have no I power to pass law* for the emancipation of slaves. j 4. Any person who shall maliciously kill lor maim a slave, shall “iifler tuck punish meut ns would lx* inflicted in case the like j oiTunce had been committed on a free white ; person. ARTICLE 111. ; Sec. I.—l. d’lie executive power shall be I vested inn Governor, who shall h fit his | office during the term of two years, and un til such time as a suiVessoi- shall be chosen , and qualified. He shall Ikiv*c a competent salary fixed by I w, which shall not lx in creased or diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected; neither shall lie receive, within that period, r.ny oth er emolument from the Confederate States, or either of them, or from any foreign pow er. 2. The Governor shall be elected by the persons qualified to vote for members of the General Assembly, on the first Wednes ' day in October, ill the year of our Isird : 1861 ; nnd on the first Wednesday in Orlo 11>er in every second year thereafter, until i such time he altered bylaw ; which election shall lx held at the place- of holding gener al elections. and in the several counties of tills State, iu the manner preseri'ied for the qlcefton of udSrmerj of the General Assem bly. The returns for every election of Governor shall be sealed up by fi e nimiHc ers seperattdy from other returns, and di ] reefed to the T’reslder.t of the Senate and J Speaker of the House of Rcpre-entatives ; I and transmitted to the Governor, or the ; person exoreising the dutk sos Governor for ] the time bein'.’ ; who shall, without o;>eii jingthe said returns, cause the same to be ! laid before the Senate, on the day afier the I two houses slmil have been organized ; and they -hall lie transmitted by the Senate to i the House of Representative.*. The mem ! berajif each branch of the General A -vm ; lily 'lffieU convvw in the Representative chainber.ky uLtiie I’re-ident of the Senate, j anffthg Spranjfrof the House of Uepresenta- I fives, shalbrtpen nnd publish the return* in ! presence *»f the General Assembly: and the [person havimr the majority of 'lie whole : number of rotes given in, shall be declared I duly elected Gov. of this Stale; but if no I person have such majority, then from the two per-ons having the highest nnmbe'rof votes, who shall lie ill life, and t»!ir,H n >f de cline all election at the time aiquiuted for lhe Legislature to elect, the Geucr A-se;,i bly shall imrocliatvly elert a Governor Hra t iw; nnd in all ea-. .«.f election oi a Governor by the Gcnoral Assembly, a ma jority of the votes of tiie mendier- present shall bo nee.— an I' . a ehuiee. Contested ! election* dial! be dotermiurd t>v imtli Hom es of the Genera! Aascmbly, in such manner as shall lx- preset ihed in i.ra. 3. No person shall be elligililc to flic iff ' fiee of Governor who shall not hare been a ! citizen of the Confederate Slates twelve years, and an inhabitant of thi- .’ (ate six years, and who hath not attained the age of thirty years. 4. In ewe of the death, resign! lion or di ability of tie Governor, the i’ri ideui of(..e Somite shill! exori i-e the executive power* of the Guvenimi’ut uutil each disability shall be removed, o: a sttcce-sorts elected and qualified. And in case of the death, re signation or disability of the IV< -ident of [the Senate, the Speaker of the ILu.- tof RepOMCiitative* aimtl exer* -e the executive power of the government until the r; uioval of thedianbility or the election and qualifi cation of the Govern ir. 5. The Governor shall, before be enters on the duties of his office, take the following oath or affirmation: "1 do s-’cmnly s«v. or affirm (as the ease nifty lie) that I wifi faithfully execute the office iff Govern ir ■ 1 the State of Georgia; and will, to the best of tnv abilities, preserve protect and defend the Constitution thereof.” Sec. 2.—1. The Governor shall be rom mnnder-in-chief of the army and navy of this State, and of the militia thereof. 2. lie lihaii have {tower to grant repreive for offences agni list the State, except inca ses of impeachment, and to grant pardon*, or to remit any part of a sentence, in all ca se* after conviction, except fin- treason or murder, in which eases he m»v respite the execution, and make report thereof to the next General Assembly. 3. He ahull i--’ti> writs of election* to fill vacancies that happen in the Senate or House of Representaitvee, and slmil have power to convene the General Assembly on extraordinary occasion-; and shall give them, from time to time, information of the state of the republic, and recommend to their consideration such measures as he ittay deem nect -ary and expedient. i 4. IVben any office -shall become vacant by death or resignation, qr otherwise the Governor shall have power to flit such va cancy unless otherwise provided for by law; and persons »o uj,pointed -lmll contin ue in office until a micces-or is appointed agreeably to the mode pointed out by this Constitution, or by law in pursuance there of. 5. A person once r, ‘ectod by the Sen ate shall not lx re-appointed bv the Gover nor to the same office during the same sea ion, or the recess thereafter. <!. The Govemur shall have tiie revision af all bills passed by froth lie i-e*. tie same s!inll bi-"Oino law- Im two-thirds •r each House may pass a law notwithstand ing his dissent; and if any bill should not be returned hv the Governor within five days (Sundays excepted) after it has been presented to him, the same shall lie a law, unless the General Assembly, by their nd jnumment, Kail prevent its return. He may approve any appropriation and di<ap pr<i»*-niiy other appropriation in the same bill, and the latter hall not Is* effectual un less passed by two-third* of each House. 7. Every vote, resolution, or order, to which the concurrence of both houses may lie r.eceavary, except on a question of elec tions or adjournment, shall Ik- presented to the Governor; and before it shall take ef fect, lie approved by hint, or dicing disa]v proved. shall be re-pa-sed by tw.vthird* of each House, according to the rules and lim itations pro-rribed in ess© of a bill. 8. There sliall !«• a Secretary of State, a Comptroller General, a Treasurer, and Sur veyor-General, elected by the General As sembly. and they shnll hold their offices for the like period as tho Governor, and shall have a competent salary, winch shall not la? increased or diminished during the period for which they shall have been elected. The General Assembly may at any time consoli date any two of there offices and require all the duties to be discharged by oue offi cer. 9. Tin- great seal of the State shall he dejKisited in the office of the Secretary of •date, and shall not lie affixed to any" in strument of writing, but l>y order of the Governor or General Assembly; and the General Assembly shall, at their first ses sion, after ti , ri rig of this convention, by law, cause fix great seal to be altered. Iff. The Gnvcrjlcrh shall have jsiwnr to appoint hi*,vn S*;retarie.s, not exceeding two iu imud&V'* *ARTICLI TV. Sec. I—l. Tiie judicial powers of till* State shall ho vested iu a Supreme Court for the correction of errors, Superior, Infe rior, Ordinary tmd Justices’ Courts, and in such other court* a.- have been or may be establa-hcd by tow. 2. The (supreme Court shall consist of three Judges, who shnll lie appointed by the Governor with the consentedtwo-thirif* of the Senate, Sirsnch term of years as sliall Vie prescribed by law, and slisil rqntinne in \ office until t.iieir anccoasors shall he appoint- j ed nml qualilinl, removable by the Gover nor on the address of two-third* of each branch of the Geueral Assembly, or by im- j peachmcnt and conviction thereon. 3. The sail) Court shall have no original jurisdiction, hut sliall be a Court alone for the trial and correction of error* in law and j equity from the Superior Courts of the sov- i eral circuits, and shall sit at least once a | year, at a time prescribed by law in each of one or more judicial districts, designated by ! the General Assembly for that purpose, at 1 such {mint in each district ns s|,*ll by the * General Assejnbv be ordained, for the trial 1 nnd dctcnnh.stin. of writ* of error from; the seveiij. ocycrior Coutts included in such judrtUi'^yrijxvs. 4. The aaiV'voftrt shall dispose of and finally determirs every ca«c on the docket: of such Court at the first or second term af ter such writ of error is brought; and in ca*e the plaintiff in error shall not lie pre pared, at the Ursi term of such Court after error brought, to prosecute the cause, un less precluded by some providential cause from such prosecution, it shall be stricken from tbe docket, and tbo judgement below shall stand affirmed. (Sec. 2. 1. The Judges of the Siijierior Courts shall he appointed in the same milli ner ns Judges of the Supreme Court, from the circuits in which they are to serve, for the term of four years, nnd shall continue in office until their successors shall lie appoint ed and qualified, removable by the Gover nor on the address of two-thirds of each branch of the General Assembly, or by im peachment and conviction thereon. 2. The Superior Court shall have exclu sive jurisdiction in all cases of divorce, both total and partial: but no total divorce shall lie granted, except on the concurrent ver dicts of two special juries. In each divorce ra-r. the CoOTftttrt *7 regulate the rights and j disabilities of t *• ;.*rties. 3. The Siijierior Court shall also have exclusively juri- 'i'' on in all criminal case*, except r- relates ». ;»oplc of color, fines for neglect of duty, c of Court, viola tion- of read laws, and olwtructions of wa ter courses, the ju: reliction of which shall l-.c vested in such judicature or tribunal as shall be or may have been pointed by law ; and except in all other minor offenses c un. mitted by free white persons and which do n.it sni jeet the offend* r or ofTenders to loss of life. limb uaJpehiher, or to confinement in tin IhffirJifreu-v; in all auch cases. Cor isirali *S tv.iirts, -*tch a* now exist, or may hereafter be constituted, in any incorporat ed city or town, may lie vested with juris diction. unde ' such rules and regulations a* the Legislature may iicreaftter by tow di reef. 4. All criminal cases shall be tried in the county where the crime was committed, ex cept in cases where a jury cannot, be ob tained. fi. The fbi;x rior ' ".irt slm'l have cx cb’.«iv.» juris ! ’*• v ‘ n*o respecting ti tics to janri, v .i. ii al;;;U lie fried in tin county where the huid lire : and also in all equity i-iine-. which shall lie tried in the county wharc on • nr more of the defend ant* reside, against whom substantial relief is rra. ed. (i. 11 sliul! have apjH'llate jurisdiction in all such case, a* may be provided by law. 7. It shall lu’vc power to ri rrect error* in inferior ludieafnrie< b\ wail of ctili.. *oi, and to grant new trial* in the Superior Court on proper aid legul ground*. 8 It shall have power to issue writ* of mandamus, prohibition, scire facias, and all other writ* which may he necessary for cur ry in:. its powers. fnlU iato effect. 9. The Sup. tior and Inferior f’unrts shill have jurisdiction in all oth .*• civil cause*; vfJiich shall be tried ill the count;, where the defendant ireides. 10. In ea... of roint obligors, or joint promi—ors or riiU’rtners. or joint trrepas*- ei re-idii gin «' . rent counties, the suit may lie brought in either county. !!. Incas: <•! a maker and iieior-cr or in-! T iers of : •*rv'.**;.ry notes residing in different, emnwii ’in this State, the *muc may be sued in the country where the mak er resides. 12. The Superior and Inferior Tourt' shall *it in each county tvvire in every year at melt stated times as have or may be rq - [.ointcil by the Genera! Assembly. Sec.—l. The judges simil have -al.irie a*le(|i::*te to their ‘erviecs fixed Viy law. which sindl not l e diminished during their continuance in office; but “hull not receive any other |ie:qu sites or emolitnienis what ever, from port it*' or others, <m account of any duty required by t hem. 1 2. There shall lie a State’s Attornoyand Solicitors apn.iinted in the same manner as the judges of the Supreme Court nnd com missioned by the Governor; who shell hold their offices for the term of four years, or until their sucere .irs shall lie appointed anil qualified, unless removed by sentence or I inipenelinient. or by the Governor, on the address of two thirds of each branch of the General .\-*ciniJv. They nhall have sala- I ries adequate t'.i their service* fixed by law. which shall. _ t lie diminished during their [ continual, .’s j' r ' X. The j' the Inferior Court*' shall lw h*< -o ia cieh county by the per sons eiiTif's.l ' . w'e for mvm’.iers of the General Assembly . 4. Till; .lustres of the Peare *!:n:l lie elec ted in each" isirirt by the |>ers<ins entitled | to vote for mciiiljors of the General Asm*:. bly. fi. The r* overs of a Court of Ordinary and iff Probate, - nil lie vested in an'Ordinary : for each county,from whose decisions there ! may be an nppesl to the Superior Court.un j tier regulations prescribed by law. The or dinary shall I*' « ijjf.’iv clerk of said Court, 1 and may appoint a deputy-clerk. The or i dinary, n< clerk, nr his deputy, may issue ci tations and grant temporary letters of u ad ministration, to hold until permanent let ; ters are granted; and said ordinary, a*, clerk, or his deputy, may grant ntarrige li cense*. The ordinaries in and f.ir the res j pcctivc counties shall be elected, ns other county officers arc, on the first Wednesday in January, 1804, and every fourth year thereafter, nnd shell he commissioned by ; the Governor fur tbe term of Sittr years. In ease of ativ vacancy ,if said office of ordinary front any tius- suit- same shall lie filled by electi.Ht, as i» nr*“sided in relation to other . county offi’rts .-.«l .’lttil the same i* filled. ! the Clerk of the Kttpicrior Court for the | time liciug sltfilS act as clerk of said Court of; Ordinary. ARTICLE V. 1. The riwtors of meinlier* of the General ■ Assembly shall be free white male citizen* of this State; stiff shall have attainetl the age of twenty-ow year* : and hare paid all tax- j r* whici) may hive been required of them, j and which they have liad an opjiortunity of; ;iaying. .'tgreenlffy to iaw, for tiie year prece ding the elocti'tn ■ anil shall have resided six month* within the district or coun tv. i 2, AH nLiCtions by the General As -tably sliall be and whet: the ,Seriate and lintiM' of lU»|®toqntiitives unite for the purpiiae of electing, they-, 4jial) meet in the Representative chamber, anil' the President of the Senate ahall in Well l '>W|ggiAj|Wl declare the person or person* elected, S. In all elections by the jieople, the elec tor* shall vote by ballot, until the General Assembly shall otherwise direct. 4. All civil officers ahall continue in the exercise of the duties of their several offices, during the periods for which they were ap pointed, or until they shall be nopcrucdcd by appointment* made in conformity with this Constitution; mid all law* now in force idm" euoffhwe to operate, so far as they are cviuarftilde wfljb this Constitution until they shall expire, lid-altered or repealed ; and it slqau be th%iktty of the General Assembly tp pass all nejswarv low* and icgiilations for (frying thiffConstitution into full effect. All iqthtia mid comity officers sliall be elected yi»y the {SKiplc in such manner n* the liiticral Assembly nmy by law di rect... fi. This Constitution shall be nmended on ly by a Convention of the people called for that purpose. 7. This Constitution shall not take ef fect until the sumo is ratified by the people. And to this end, there shall lie an election held at all the places of public election in tliis State, on the Ist Tuesday in July. 18fil, when all the citizens of this State entitled to vote for Governor, shall cast their ballots either for “Ratification” or “No ratifica tion." The election shnll be conducted in the same manner n* general elections, and the return* shall be m ule to the Governor. If n majority of the votes cast shall fie for Ratification, the Governor shall bv procla mation declare this Constitution adopted by the people. But if for So Ratification, that fart shall lie proclaimed by the Governor and this Constitution shall have no effect whatever. Done in Convention of the Delegates of the people of t'te State of Georgia, at Savan nah, on the 23d day of March, in the year of our Lord eighteen hundred and sixty one. Tn testimony whereof the President of said Convention has hereunto set lire hand, and eased the same to be attested by the Secretary thereof. TIIE UNION IS DISSOLVED! SIIA L L WHITE MEN li VI. E The South i The Newspaper for THE TIMES l THE Independent South, FORIB6L Wilson Kick, ) .. j hill tor. I'lir. IMIIJ’IADIAT HOtTTI! i. c«toMhibe<« to K<|vof*;Uo full} - hid* feurlcwlr The TREE SOVTHERN Senti ment, resentiur/ the 1 nmihs and llfjieil in if the of Qrtjttn iz< <1 A exioim. The South w as the first paper iu the Stitt<’ to tnkc u hold, INDEPENDENT Portion, irrespedive of i J s»rty Clique or Faction, aiit! will-fill pur* sue a straight forward course. Atlvoeatinj the lii'/ht .*■ and Interest* oj the. Southern Ktates. THE / XVEPry&EXT t'OVTH. will give all Ihu Ncwn bolh, Foreign aiul I’ouiuAlic. THE IN'i)I.I’EX!)EXT SOUTH, for 1861, Will He great!r fereril n»-w featnrr«« ftdiihl, making it tin* !*.KST Family Paper lublislicdl! Tt will give more Ron nn’for, than ary other ; country jupcr in thi- State T{ w ;il «miHin I t (ton 'on Ltluratioiu A jrnciilti»re. Kec je f« r Conking, , mi. l ranking M iernl vahml i l n * ful Hrtioi* -, i t!imt are nwe* wry in every fninily. Tull nml c**r reet rrjM>rti* «:f the ilnrhctf will he friveti Weekly. i SUBSCRIPTION TRICK, *2,00, PER ANNUM, -■strictly In Advance. I Addrw*. ‘ IXPEPLX DENT SO IT IT. ! Janmtrv f*th 1861. W'aync!*l».*ro, (ia. | SAVANNAH >loßnTng"~ NEWS, Daily, Trl-Wcokiy A Weekly. Dally Morning News, 8(> per'annum, IN ADVANCE. Trl-Wecity Mornliig \cvvs, (FOR TIIFi C'H NTUY.| ! i’ublishcd every Monuay Wedtte-dny and Friday, at jiff per unm m, in advance. Weekly Newts —Published every Sat urday, at S2 jier annum, always in advance. Aware of the great interest that will be felt by tbe renders of tbe Duly Morning AVire "throughout the Sooth in the ptuceed ! ings of the Congress at Montgomery, we have made arrangements to lay before them 1 onr usually full and reliable report, one day ! in luiawcr of r.ny u'krr in Si munch. —. While our space would not permit the pub 1 beat ion of the entire proceeding* at length, i our special reporter will promptly transmit i to as very full reports of such portions of, j the debate* as tuny be of a character likel v I 1 to influence the fortunes of the new Confcd- j eracy. In this connection we desire to call atten -1 tion to the very full au.l interesting special j despatches from Washington, Charleston, - New Orleans and elsew here, which have appeared and arc now appearing in our col umns. Our arrangements are such as en sure n* a continuance of these sjiecial tele grams—a feature of which no other pa|teriu tbe State ran boast. Wt- are determined to spare neither pains nor expense to make the i .Vor* the most desirable paper in the State, ‘ and the very large accessions to our suit-1 scription list within the past two months encourage us to believe that our exertion* 1 are proving successful, We are still supplying tiie Doily A’**" at! fifty cents a month, for any length iff' time. The money must acoompanv the order in cl! 1 cases. Address TIUKItIQRK BI.OIS, Feb. 11, 1861. Sirannah, <ia.; PLUMB & LEfTNER, 212 212 Broad Strf.et. . Tast-Offct Corner. ~S 1 --- IWftf Afoot*. DRUGGISTS & APOTHECARIES, AUGUSTA, GEORGIA. We refpectfuJJy invite the attention of Merchant*, Planters, and Phyncians, to out large and vveli-allbrted stock of UNADULTER AT E D MEDI CI NE S! Chemicals, Drugs, Paints, Oils, And all other articles in our line. We feel allured that no houfc in t'.e'S uh ran offer a stock superior to ours in isExr. akd pt itirv , ai.i. omcrtU rf,:- FAaATioNs being made in strict accordame with the Forn.ttlas « the UNITED STATES PHARMACOPCE) A, With the Best Materia!, and by the Prefer I/\ , ; ti and Ate. - ..-ret. Onr Stock of DENTAL and SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS is fa!., end cur arrangements with the best manufacturers, for procuring fuppiies at the ihorteK notice, arc unequalled. \vc arc Agents for the best brands in the country of WHITE LEAD and ZINC WHITE. The finest PERFUMERY, and choicest ARTICLES fir tie TOILETTE in great variety, may always be found in our stuck. We keep alwavs on hand a large stock of the best brands of French and German Glass, For W ir.dows, Picture-Frames, Ac. Ac. FRESH GARDEN, GRASS AND FIELD SEEDS, From the test Growers, in Large quanties, at : : • t tt.tfsn. Feeling confident that we can furuifii our cu ton: u'h th • t articles, cn reasonable terms, we respectfully, solicit ordets, and jh.-dge . uriclvv :o fill them with fidelity and dispatch. If any article Ihould not prove to be prcc: ,!v re ■ vcf’ di feel thankful to have it returned at our ext tnfe, end the in.: w ... rtu ’. PLUMB lx LILITNER, AUGUST.:, GEORGIA. Nov. 14, 1860. Cm i'Oni'ni t OLI .Hi;, laOtK ONIY ?4 DAILY SOl-TII OF VIRBINLV: AUGI'STA piper rnten and on i:* 1 -iirlh X'o’tmi * or. 1 the bth of Jiuutxry. Jtf'Mf-r < hn« f*«trha{"< burn un{Mirnli«fd In th'’ of .Fotirn di-ii; Its fircubltiou i:iv-t'rpr**!»tMl by i.ny pajwr bc tvrffien ChitrJw’tou and Mt inpbiM In charnctor it i« nn Mjf.jtp<»k«n. indcpondunt Southern Right p«j*er th* •• *»tn oi ih> I* i* do voted to (iciififil Nnw and J•* * j»• t ItitvSHgvuce And j n—nt a rtdiuhip ol xewn, «/• ihured front Trlogniphi* and SjwvLil Rojtorl#, and also a careful jicouiu of the Atig*n»t:» Morkct. The hiM-AT' ii i- mj wt !‘ known fh.it r • do • * coiuider it to puFli b iht* cud*»? • which our appruciatiro fri.*nj? havo c *Jcit I« ! it Wc inigh’add column-of fostiinonial; froui u .« i il»g Jounutlx fhrmigfcoul tfc« .-otith. oi w WKr;sii*v. Wo cffiitii*'i“ to «ffor our hr:' ornl bonuMfol Weekly to f’ltiE «t Sio-!. ©t.’.il We enrnestlv npjHfjiU to our friends t<» aH in •;»» . ing thir puper 20,0t‘D mdi -rlhury l.tt -i ' who i.* tnkiur a ehcnp Weekly from übr *t I makeup a club for the I>isi*at< h. SlK'dWCIi a pi' - Wilt ..I: *■>.:,i:- ':.*r.. .« A. ATKI.V'O.'., f’r. ! rtotnr. August a. <*>*., Mnrch JT, I'lt’.O. I>l )IjT I K >N. i"'HE C*>-I’*irtavnbiti herp:r.f..r-j sibling hrtwsvr ! M.AP.C IIKIXIMIV. is ;hi 'l-.v :|i ■ !,«•.[ I.* mtilut’.f cin-oiii VII j. -r-.n. i«r|?rt..-t p, li I Kirin nr- rm t n*-*. ! t > o*.m» p.ra.ir i an ! msk.- ~:* me.lia't: pavin-:,! by cit.-ii. to I M Ilatv ' -r ihfir ::*>** ** an I tlcrnnnu will hr I*l * tin the in ni of un oifincr fur culiuciiua. bv tin* ■ir-i t : of '.pr:' IS4I ‘ I M LltiNtCN March 13, 1301. «. C JfUl.N't X, NOTH IE r uudcraUrnc l w<»ul 1 r«*-y inf- rm hu 1 old eu-tom«*r»i and the public gencml’y, th.it he hrp« ou hand u good ffiatorttnisat of DllY GOOES and GROCERIES, HootP, Phow, ll.tli* mvi C«[u. at thfi ol 1 ir.«s n** r the five mile ponton th*’ Vugutiln A vanuuh K fl. Whore he will oonUnuc the buun* • h, i M itiaN-’oy. ronrch 21, 18U1. .' i # AUGUSTA Hi TEL, AUGUSTA GEORGIA. W. E. WITEELOCE, PR< >PIiIETOJE j March 4 uh. ISfil. j COURT CALENDER, Ol THE MIDDLE DISTRICT. \ Judge — Wm. \V. Holt. Autism. | Attorney Gera eul —W. P. John.soN. Ocr.KTiKS. Time ok Sks.-i.-ns. | I)nrk#-?.l Monday in M:iv «u-l .NovciDkr. i ColumHiu -l#t Jloniny iml Murtii nnd >t |/t« inher | Kntfumoi—4ib Momlny in Mnrch »ml Se;*tcmb«i . 1 .KTcntou—3d Monday in \pnluxr.l 0.-toln r. ! Johimm—2d Monday in Jura* nil December. ! Richmond —4th Monday in January tad June, j Scrivon—2d Mondiiy in Vj»rii ami UofoUor. | \Ur.<fbingtou—2d Moudey iu March «it ! Soptemhoj vu rm:, i»» Ut’btora and ere Itonu thfMC indebted to iiii.'ery T. Mchcnaii! Uu j of Hurkc County, decco«*d nre rr*tjue«tc<i »*■ make | immediate payment*, and ail perjou* having de j mamlt* againnt the «ni(i ticcc’wed, iuu»t pre-in' ! tooir cUiint< in tonne of th« Inw SARAH A M I OX ALI), March 21, Adm:,,uttrtUrix. i WAYNESBORO, GEORGIA. G'HL UM)KRMt.M;i) WOl l.lt H.- j JL specif ally iufurm thuir *dd cutoibit.' mid the I public gdia. jlly, that they have located in | U ayneeiHiro. überethey are. prepared t»» Manu f.vtuifc nil kto«l> of ChTri*gos, Doggie*. Hocka wsys ami Coaches, of the be*t material aud by first rate workmen Waßffuu*, with Wood or Iron nxica, made to or. dor, at short not ice. iloTse-fthoeing and PiauvAtion work, dun® hy i experienced Smith". ALS O , Slagle naff double IlaraeM, for .tale low. All union, fillm! at short r.otloe and in the neatest style. Aiul all w irk warrentod. They eetnrn their Ihaitkito their obi ea*tome» for ,he very liberal patronage LeretoJW he. I rtowe.l upon th“ta, and hope to reuetvc a run tine ati.m of the ratne. Rv?” H -pffring diftw with »nff lir petch. J. * 4. ATT A WAT. Mareii 17,1561. !y J-EITIZIBAl! Hitis! SCHOOL, At BHOT:OCi^SVi3^Iu.IJ t GA. j M AIjK AM) VK W A I/K. j V T SAVD'KI), A. A' IV r:« : le, I. !.. \ 1. aZKV, A *d UtiMr/. M I -a HJI t rnplov-.d • A silior -Uiitdingi I.' i oe-ln Vd MotvUv U T ihrunrv. TI IT H)V : vi. > of. —. , U : -;cr, ne vliHiirtfi Mhai Lie Tiur.o. ,a! 'le.i>;tH cn-f h- j -I .id. v v n.-.-i tio enmed ot' the pit* lie. Tn lutdif .UI, 11. am 1 »*h nL • > f-Lru ov • \\ I. IxILPAii: y.\ ■ - atirr. i 01 Ll-E, iCiiJEAMi' if r,«:.. .»< \\At/:i:i; a p. . -,i Tb» In- Tini.il. i si<nwto.T .-.•* mile ;:n - *i q».urt.:r tr..m J).*: ■ . Hall •:.*.! < ty, U.i .in a lb:' 1 'ne ■ : it-. * :! • * • Vi «rt ' **. I•. • rr| «II be <e 1 -.il , .it |:ri luoi..*. vn IP- m.«t aec.*u st.v.'.brti n:. further I Irt, a*ilt.-: i’ri.. ins!, r *.l M i!, in. !b Land & roi; ■ 'AI ;'. rpHF. liiii!i i-.'gi,i-.i' Oth-I- : r l cui’i-tasices it; • . *ai «.f his no -r Stockoi' «li"oii.;, . a 1 iic'trar* f isnt contain. - 1_: • - m.n * lc- . 1 u the v. :i rsi’ftl.T _..t :n:ic Trane: in Lev--.- Cntintv in i.l lioinn/ !#h»is of -i. A. i-- r. .Col. J..: .-- Grul.s, «i.. V r Mr. I'.i’i r and ut iicrs. ii3‘>ut rnTc- ami i’i uill »oli with the lain. ' «•:• 20 Ncgt* < , l or l.'i work liiimia r*.>-il * ■ an i li’kc!’.. 14 hcftilof Wtile* and ii r- '• . i•: • . !* : . St.sd. llogs and I’lanta: i.-ii 1* is iff j.ii ki;-i,-. j There i a c.mm n l.'in t! -n li i , ag'ssi ''«'r. w, com flirt:*'.; I ’!” .*. cut sei r's H its c nnd six now 'ranu- 1 re 111 by 2>* fiH’t. ]* -.- !..n ; ivc: a: cm time, an appro’. .•:! j>u: an d.: ■*li k-.vo i.ii .v. a titnc to pal Or it : say t.v. t t. u * are. l’er-.in* dreii*ni’ iff i.. ; sncii a pnr . Jut - may find it to their interest to call and examine the prc.iH’rtv. L. If .DCKS. Eebruat 1 - ’i' ii E ,90 UTIIUUX ('OXFiWEIiA CY. —in'— a. ais\z:z. ATLANTA. ' r rilE Dai*.'. > ”i: i;v Vw, r , ind r ar- I riingc. .c**ii- ;>• tuple; i.tvi.. • : ii»a!) th» intelligeiico of po-r kind. 1 e:«prv«»> »y for u> h\ M.iguai" | :• -Mail' Also, dkilv n pirtacfth ■AL ... ; s ■ . Mu:k --i otr, Local Incidents ard Ifcmi* «- Fricp-t') it jr«af j si\uion:L or 50 cent« for oue month—iklwnys; in a4kJiticc The WeffiKLT S>rtHgßX C-itnij: -a i* mado up from, ffiiui eontouw the cr mos tbe Daily. It h a Urge ?h»*jt, and give* »nor*» fre and; rer* Dug mat ter, than nay other Weekly in the ( Vdereto State* lb 31 irkot KcjrtH* wi!! be full, .* ! umdu up from actual traTvactno*. Trice 8- a*, ear; or hi ‘25 for six ni rntSte—invariably *si edvauee. t I > o*taia«f"rf. are authariird t-* a* oar Agent* in obtaining mbsertherimn'i forwHrdingJhe money—for which they will hu allowed ?. retain, a* (Mtnmummi. twenty-five cents on each Weekly, or tfiv eeoh un each f »aslv sulMcriber. RffiT P.’i tn. j*-:t:riz up Club, of fiv,. ten or mein-sulm..-rit*t'r.*, nil! f* sipi-tfsf nih tli' c-ibo-. ordunof at !4 j [t-r *■ -nl, !■ than n:.r 11*5,1:111 Cc/** No name iviii tit* cateml ortut «*.k* usiq til too money ia paid; and *!! wpsoripc.ne are dwriutiaue.f ah.'i. thv timo nspiree * r fciii.-h pay i» maito, uafeiw tiie esmo In rti'.ownrt Ass irms., UANLKITR.H A A1 >AtF!. * April 3. 1461. Atlavta Oooreffk, ’ ft LfIRQU. RnrUc County .—Whereas. IT William !f Mills Administrator of-St.-pien MilW. lata of saiff t'nanty linos-" if. *-j U> qo for Lot tore ! l:-inin**ry fr.m: wiiff Easts. Tbrec nrc tbcr.-fon,-. te cite stiff ad.nonisli ali anil eibguiar tbe kinffreff a.-iff oi.'ffiiors end »!l other jwre"ini* intemleff, to be ami appoor licfma tbo tiiiort of Orffiaary on tbo fret A! r.ffa/ in .iwt next, enff »!c>t r'lu-r-. if any they h-iro, rby -si.l iett-.-n .boniii nut he graulrff Given roffer my ban and offiris! -'jcir'i .at oftt-o ui V. ayoc-'lisro, Thi, Jnnaarr I4th.f?fii. LTift’Uf X A CORKER, OnUa^,