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VOL. Iv‘.
Sou%rn Agriculturist
IS PUBLISHED MONTHLY AT
Savannah and Augusta, Ga.
By W. C. Maomurphy & Co.
At the Low Price of
25 CENTS PER
Rates of Advertising.
«5 Months. <n Ui
A rQ -a A
a ♦J a a
0 c 0 0
0 a 0 a s
O* , 01
CO f ~4 ca 3 <0 H
1 $3 00 5 50 7 50 15 00 25 00
2 6 00 11 00 15 00 25 00 45 Oti
8 9 00 16 50 22 50 40 00 70 00
6 15 00 25 00 40 00 75 00 135 00
12 25 00 50 00 75 00 140 00 260 00
«EO. P. ROWELL & CO., 40 Park Row,
New York,
AND
s« 31. PETTENGILL & CO., 37 Park Row,
New York, Ajrrlcultu
Are the sole agents for the Southern
ust, in that city, and are authorized to contract
for inserting advertisements for ns at our lowest
cash rates. Advertisers in that city are reques ed
to leave their favors with either of the above
houses:
G-nano for Cotton.
Our Agents are authorized to sell
our Guanos, payable in money or cot¬
ton at option of planter, on the basis
of fifteen cents for Middling, de¬
livered at Planter’s nearest depot by
1st of November.
This is a great inducement for
planters to use Guauos, as they are
guaranteed a good price for suffi¬
cient Cotton to pay for the Guano.
Give iu your orders at once.
WlLCOA, G*3B3 & Co.
MAY, 1872.
Green Manures.
Mr, Editor —The Southern plant¬
ers cannot afford to buy the artificial
manures for their land in sufficient
quantity to do them any permanent
good. They may bo able to apply
enough per acre to tickle the land
into producing an increased \Lddof
cotton, and if they could be sure of
receiving pound from twenty to twenty-five might
cents per for the cotton
find a little temporary profit in the
operation. But as to renovating the
land, restoring its fertility, giving
back to the land what the crop takes
from it, the fertilisers do not do this.
Indeed, I am satisfied in my own
mind that if land which has been
stimulated year after year by the ap
plication of Peruvian guano, and
which by the use of this stimulant
has produced good crops, were planted of
now without the application any
fertilizer, it would be found t« be less
fertile than when the guano was first
applied. Therefore, if I am right—
and l tbiuk I am—we must look else¬
where for an efficient renovator ot our
worn lands. Fertilizers will not do
it. Iu the quantities whioh we can
afford to apply, they are but a tem¬
porary expedient, leaving the last
state of the land worse than the first.
If we couH afford to put from 1000
to 1500 lbs. of pure grouud raw bone
upon every acre of our cultivated
land we could benefit it permanently.
But we canont spend from $30 to
$]( per acre for manure. Neither
can we, so long as cotton continues to
be our main crop, keep and feed a
sufficient number of stock on our
places to supply a sufficient quantity
of stable manure to improve our laud
materially in the sense of renovating
it. We may do a great deal more
than we do, but do our best and we
cannot do enough.
There is no way open to us which
is within our means and compatible
with our productions which will per¬
manently improve our fafins but
green manuring. This is within our
reach. It cost* but little and it is ef¬
fectual. Indeed I am fully persuaded
it is better than any artificial manure
The growing plants bring up from ]
the subsoil so far as their roots have
penetrated substances which promote
their growth, and they bold these sub¬
stances in their stems aud leaves.
When they are ploughed under in a
green state they give to the surface*
the supplies of plant food thus brought
up from b»*low, and in addition, they
give to it all the elements which the}’
have drawn from the atmosphere,
than making it it richer before, and iu organic thus, of matter
was course,
increasing its fertility. Ploughing
under vegetable growth in its greeu
state is preferable to the application
of stable manure, because all the or¬
ganic and inorganic matter is saved
-—nothing is lost by decay from percepti¬ expo
sure to the air. There is uo
ble limit to the euriching p >wer of
green manuring il continually repeat
ed, and the process is especially suited
to our worn lands, the vegetable entirely mat¬
ter of which has been ex¬
hausted by the barbarous skinning
which has been practiced f<>r many
years, and has been called cultivation.
Vegetable matter is what they lack
most, and this is exactly what
green manuring gives them. Of all
the greeu manures clover is the best,
because it not only eurickcs the soil
by contributing to it what its roots
have drawn from beneath and its
leaves have drawn from above, but it
acts mechanically as a subsoiler, loos
eniug and aerating the soil. The next
best, in my judgment, is the common
cow-pea, sown broadcast and very
thickly—about two bushels to the
acre.
Instead ol pasturing our grain
fields after the grain is cut, which is
a direct injury to the laud by tramping
and robbing it ot all protection
against the broiling sun, and which is.
therefore, execrable fanning, let us
immediately after the crop is cut. sow
peas bro .dcast and plow them in with
the stubble. In this way the land is
shaded dutiog the summer and in the
fall a large supply of the best manure
is turned under ready for the use of
anoiber grain cn>p or for a crop of
corn or cotton In the following spring
* # #
Errors, to be dangerous, must hive
a great deal of truth mixed with them
No. 8
Going into the lien Business .—
Richard Cop**, Cohoes, N. Y., asks’
‘'Would you advise a young man who
is not strong enough for farming work,
with about $1000, to embark iu the
poultry business? If so, how much
land would bo requ'red, and ucar
what market to locate V’ Warren
Lelaud answers : “I advise him to go
in, hut not to go blind, or attempt
everything the first year. I have
had great success with chickens, aid
if he will take live or fax rules from
me, rules that e »st mo many a dollar
to learn, he is welcome to them : 1.
Give them range enough. Allow not
less than an acre to a hundred. 2.
K«-ep their r >osts and nests free of
bee. This you can do with sulphur
smoke and curbol c acid in the white¬
wash. 3. Feed high and give variety
wh at and oats, and wrap cake as
well as corn. 4. Make the good
mothers nurses and give them great
families, and k<*ep a separate nursery
yard sodded with grass th it is not long.
5 Change roosters every spring, 1>.
S e that they have plenty of dry
ashes to wallow in, and use plaster to
keep the roosts sweet smelling.— L
— • ♦ •----
Feeding Xr tiles fo laying Hens .—
The Vienna Agricultural and Forest
Journal states that hens t**d iu the
winter with chopped and boiled nettle
leaves, or with the seeds, and kept in
a warm place, will continue to lay
daring the entire winter. The ex¬
periment was first a iggeatcd which by no¬
ticing the eagerness with both
domestic and wild fowl devour the
nettle leaves and seeds whenever the
opportunity fa afforded. This pro
ctivity is believed to be the reason
why, with the enormous yield of
seeds on the part of the 11 *ttle, com¬
paratively so few plants ^ring. It
is stated also that in Denmark the
seeds an l leave* of the nettle are
fed very carefully to horses, after
having been collected.—-AV
-—-
Chicken Clbtlera. —Benjamin Shep¬
pard, Cumberland county, N. J., says
he has had great aucccsa iu checking
chicken cholera. by adm.iiiatering a
strong decoction of black-oak bark. It
wa.a given to the fowfa by moistening
the 1 feed with it. — Ft.