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VOL. IV.
CJje Southern Agriculturist
18 PUBLISHED MONTHLY AT
Savannah and Augusta, 6a.
By W. 0. Maomurphy & (Jo.
At the Jjow Price of
25 CENTS PEN
Rates of Advertising,
A C/J vj jt uj
pH •S XI aa
< -4~- a
o a o
p a o © o
a 1 a X <N
<n T—« L c? CO rH
. .
1 $3 00 5 50 7 50 15 00 25 00
2 6 00 11 00 15 00 25 00 45 00
8 9 00 1G 50 22 50 40 on< 70 00
6 15 00 25 00 40 00 75 00 135 00
12 25 00- 50 00 75 00 140 00 2GO 00
WO. P. ROWELL & €0., 10 Park Row,
Uti'w York,
AND
s» Iff. PETTENGILL & CO., 37 Park Row,
New York,
Aro tho solo afloat* for tho Southern Aflrlcultu
TjBt, in that oity, and aro authorized to contract
for iusortinadvertisement* for us at our lowest
cash rates. Advertisers in that city are requos ed
to leave their favors with either of the above
houses.
Useful Pweclpes.
How to Destroy Rats. —Wo do
not suppose that tho lo*s sustained on
a farm by the rat is equal to that
from dogs, felt by those who keep
sheep—nevertheless, it must bo ex
tremely heavy in the destruction of
grain, fruit, birds, &c. ; and proba¬
bly one of the best services which
could be rendered, in a small way, is
the discovery of some effectual mode
of destroying the vermin. Mr. Te
getmeier, a well known writer on
Poultry gives in the London Field ,
a new plan of operation against them,
as follows :
At the commencement of this
season I had a number of very choice
and valuable pigeons in a large loft
situated over a coach house and
stable. The llooriug was very old,
and numerous at holes communicated
JULY, 187«.
with the space under the flooring and
above tho ceiling of the stabling be¬
low. Attracted by the corn the rats
camo and took possession of this
space.* My choicest birds were eaten
alive by these most carnivorous of
the rodentia. 1 had tried poison,
traps, &c., with only partial benefit,
and I had serious thoughts ot selling
off my stock of Columbidae. At last,
after deep cogitation. I determined to
try a chemical remedy, namely, chlo¬
rine, a gas so potent and destructive
to animal life that I knew that, if I
could apply it advantageously, effectual. For¬ it
necessarily must much prove heavier than
tunately it is at¬
mospheric air, so there was every
probability of its llowiug down the
holes if it once entered into them.
1 therefore took a Florence oil flask,
adapted a piece of glass tubing to its
mouth by means ot a perforated cork,
and to the glass added a short length
of India rubber tubing. In the flask
l put an ounce ot manganese and
equal weight of common salt, poured
on a wine glass of water, and then
added gradually an equal quantity of
strong oil of vitroil (sulphuric acid.)
The cork and tubes being adjusted,
the apparatus was ready for action.
A spirit lamp applied to the flask
liberated a stream of chloriue, a gas
which, it breathed,except when diluted
with many times its bulk ot air, is
absolutely irrespirable. All the rat
holes having been covered over, one
after another, was opened, the India
rubber tube introduced, and a stream
of chlorine directed down each.
The spaoe between the floor and
ceiling must have been filled with a
mixture of chlorine and air that no
animal could havo breathed aud lived.
Since that time I have seeu no rats.
Old and young have alike disappear¬
ed. Snould a stray adventurer make
his appearance, 1 shall repeat my
inexpensive remedy, and I am now
congratulating myself on having, for
the present at least, extirpated the
enemy.
Other modes of killing rats have
been given as effectual, among them
the following, whioh were published
in the Agricultural “ Bureau Report lor
1868 ; -
Mix two ounces of carbonate of
barytes with one pound of suet of the or
tallow, aud place portions about
mixture within the holes and
the haunts of tho rats. It is 4 greedily
eaten, produces great thirst, and
death ensues after drinking. This is
a very effectual poison, because it is
both odorless and tasteles-s. To one
ounce of finely powdered arsenic add
one ounce of lard, mix into a paste
with meal and place it as above. It
will be fouud effective. Make a
paste of oue ounce of flour, one half
gill of water, one drachm of phos¬
phorus; or two ounces ot lard, half a
drachm of phosphorus, and one
ounce of flour ; or, ono ounce of
flour, two ounces of powdered cheese
crumbs, and one hall a drachm of
phosphorus; add to each of these
mixtures a few drops of oil of rhodium
and spread on thin pieces of bread
like butter.
To Get Rid of Fleas— Mr. Kly
said at a late meeting of the Now
York Farmers’ Club that there arc
two or three substances that are ob¬
noxious to the flea—he does not like
the smell of them, or they remind
him of something bo does not like
to think about—theso are carbolic
acid and sulphur. If you want a
barn thoroughly purged of weevil, or
lice, or fleas, the best, way is to
fumigate it with sulphur. But if
you whitewash all round the stables
aud posts of the yard with a white¬
wash made by adding carbulic acid to
the lime, it" will drive most of these
pest* away. Washing au auima!
thus infested with carbolic soapsuds
will give relief.
Greasing Wagons. — The Ohio
Farmer says that moro injury is
done to carriages and wagons by
greasing too plentifully, reeommendod than the
reverse. Tallow is ns
a better lucubrator than lard for wood
axletrees, and castor oil for iron—
lard is apt to penetrate the hub, anti
work its way out around the tenons
of the spokes aud spoil the wheel.
Just enough grease s-hould oe aj plied
to the spindle of a wagon to give it a
light coating ; this is better than
moie, for the surplus put on wdl
work out at the ends, aud be forced
INo. lO
by the shouldcrbands and nut washers
into the hub around the outside of tho
boxes. To oil au axletrec, first wipe
the spindle clean with a cloth wet
with spirits of turpentine, and then
apply a few drops of castor oil near
the shoulder and end. Ono teaspoouful
is enough for the whole.
Tonic 'l\>olh Trader. —Triturate
well together one ounce of pulverized
Peruvian bark, oue utJnco or pulver¬
ized white Castile soap, and two
ounces of the best prepared adding chalk.—
It may be flavored by a little
of the oils of winrcrgrc.vn and
rosemary, with the latter in a Very
small proportion. This powder is
not only good lor the teeth, but also
a preventive of, and remedy for,
spongy gums Another very good
powder may be prepared by the addi¬
tion of one ounce of pulveris'd orris
root to the above. The addition of
bole annenian to tooth powders is
only for the purpose of coloring them,
and is not of the slightest benefit.
The Peruvian bark will impart suffi¬
cient c<3 >r to this preparation.— Drug¬
gists' Circular.
♦ ♦♦
Potatoes —We are glad to find that
the potatoes are turning out better
generally than co dd have been ex¬
pected, as of oourso tho samo detention
occurred in getting them in, as was
experienced with other Spring crops.
The Fall potatoes should now be fre¬
quently worked; keep the ground
clean and well opened, and if you dust
them over with a mixture of, say five
bushels ashes, three do. of lime, and
one of plaster, it will bo found to pay
well.— Ex.
Oats .—This crop, like others, suf¬
fered from the lateness of the season;
it was necessarily gotten in late, and
afterwards from want of rain and
warmth, it was stunted in its early
growth, and consequently, like tho
wheat aud hay, its prospect is no
better than theirs—it will be short
both in graiu and straw, and will
afford another reason for the necessity
of efforts to make up the deficiency,
by the substitution of other food for
stock.— Esc.