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A'ft a spirit varnish and found iuein oa paid®
of producing chi< k< us after ye.irs, when 'he
varnish was carefully c-mov d.
VVhv have white veils a leudcncy to p omote
sunburn and freckles®?
Because they increase h- power of the sun’'
light.
Why are white hats and dresses worn in
fiiinwrf
Because dark colors absorb most he < ;
white therefore repels beat, and is a coo -
' erwe.it. A white mess in winter i® good,,
because it radiates »i tec 'ves Irile heat. P<»-
l;«i animals hive gereiallv wt.i’e fur . While
horses are both le-s bea<ed m the sun, and j
less chilled in the wi- ‘.qi han .Lose of darker !
hues.
Wliv oops a flannel covering keep a man :
warm tn winter, and ice from mehmg in sum- I
nier?
Because i’ both preven s th° passage of the >
heat from H e man. and the ice.
Why dues a person Woh « coid in the head, |
or catarrh from the eyes or nose experience so
much more ri lief on applying to the face a lin ;
en r r cambric hunuk. icL.cl, than one of cot- .
ton?
the liven, by conducting, readily }
absorbs the Lent and ihlhpiinmioi), while |
toe tßt’er, bv refusing to give passage to the !
J.-eat,. increase's the hmpciature and pain >
TupuLtr ( 4< j -...l J Lus mld that there was a i
j,ueini m cotton.
\.\.y is c 0... warmer than any ether fibroti- ’
I mead?
Hem iso the fibres of cotton, when examin !
ed I v the mi r< scope, will he seen to be finely
fvTcT This explains the cause of their ad
hering h._?t... r with greater facility than the
of o uei species which are destitute of
tootn, and which cannot be spun into thread
w” ,n t an adnixure of cott m.
’V'n does oiled silk, or other air-tight c»
Veritig, laid on a bed, presetve greater warmth
th*n an additional blanket "r more?
Bccaeso ti e oiled si.k p events the ventilla
tion of the person by the slow passage of the
uir, as through the texture of the blanket.
VS hy does worsted differ from yarn?
Because separate threads of wool are more
twisted 'or the wor-ted. ot which stockings
and tt ff- are made, than for the yarn, of which
blanket®, carpets, &<-. ate made Worsted
was named from its b* mg originally manufac
tiled in go a( quantities at Worst' d, in Nor
folk, once a large town, hut n >w reduced to a
village; ’he manufacture being removed <o
Not ”u h .nd its vicinity.
\\ hv t® woollen doth advantageous?
B < s• of the ictr'mess with which «t al
|jws t 1 e I ers ration to escape through it- lex
tore, Us po’w r of pie ei'Ving w irmt to the
bkin under all <,r .iiii-n —, the difficulty of
in l k ng if "et hr u l> ' e !<>•' ness with which
it condents Io «t, nd lie s<>! ness, lightness,
a nd pliancy of ns tex uro.
Why me bi n k? • s > called?
Ih c i ise they weit fir-i marie, m 1340. by
one Thomas Blanket, and some other inhabit
ants <‘t Bristol.
X'.bv does j cm! ash and water remove grease
Spots?
Ee ause the aai* ash unites chemically
with the grease, I timing a species of soap.
Love end Sausages.— The C incinaii Gaz
elle tells a queer story of a young num, who,
after rov na abo .-t with Yankee i> stability, and
practised mimerous (idlings ' length settled
down a' Cincmati, comrrif need Hading, and
s.fh r a time, in due form fell in love. Matters
between Mr. Jonathan and hi* fair one pro
gi?*-ed s<> far, that at I< ng'h he determined
tn -pre v up his courage to the sticking point,
and “p<’p the question.’’ Seizin? a favorable
upper mi,ty, when the old folks were awav,
<>ur her... >lir ilwrHinf; OT THS Char-
mer; big with tie important cp estion, upon
• nn-m* ' ot which h.s destiny depended, and
a natural t-mbai ra*sment at the nicety
;>r<-' <>sni<>n he w s about to make, he
d by ‘t’e wav at a house of fefieshment,
ft f, n-c'i ” it it a gin ' • < k tail, or some-
■ g <.■ ii,H. sort. Seeing some oranges on
i counter where hewn- taking his drink, he
urchuseu <t >ew, dire ted the shop keeper to
’ip ti em up m a paper, which was done, toss
ed ntl’ibe corkt iil, c,eight up'he bundle that
lay t. ar him. < lapped it in Ins pocket, and was
off m a jifik to -t r his mistress.
bp er s' »b low Jonathan i t the bouse of
bis gu.'di ss, in a -hon t ine we find hon seat
ed >" "s r•»' sfa' tmn by her -ide (not very
HC .r ) \> er .. little chi ch it, our lover ifi-
teiuti g o•• !•«»•> o out.” draws his chair a little
c'x's <r, it' at • • ng'h h- hid brought himself
to i cm c • ' <•.,( og’iity. his heart -prong to his
tne to, hi- ,t.j ;<■ con:;.‘e ely forsook him,
and the i o fellow sat complex Iv *• dumh
foumo t> d.” i t ", silence and nature of his
situition i i-cd :< < nd: iri i.s-meut. The
lady h-rs< wa- somewhat confused, when
("b ! luik, <>•> nil'.) Jouitban remembered
be r. ng’ . I<ep it hi t and Into li s po, ket,
d'» «n> ’ ♦ ’• ■it e, i klv, irl i r »wmg it
torw ’rd -a u» 'rev i • cotrent- from the
sir ai d *| ’F, d"|i -llc.J ol I..'* lad* s lap H
i ' mhi r ' • Im . hbo, ", g r -v ■•usages,
she « a-tr- . ii” is mu io no wondered a’.
• ad’, ’ ”- »■ >f - . .fr r’gp . pre-
c m f c ,j\ ) ui- equally
’o <i .t .... meommrphose of his tmr.-
d‘” • "• • •» • i».«r u 1 - vntei <-U al th S tn"
mv.. . a id J a . .<o te. ,» _ccai haste,
ear gn > > < , ‘ s s * rr. >--u *a j» • »,-e-s.un < I
the sau-ig< s
Dreadful - Dune- >Pe rar to which
c.ak pt.n. t,- t w mt. . I w s i kd by >
«.i; ease, ’cub«■ x, .i.< t , hi., , i s, d t > me.
• » tar w < r.se any < i h e < ■ i r • • d’- vh'Ch
flesh is hi to."’ IVo fi y pope
no et‘rr ; . •wlt " a ♦?'< c r ”"b n this
Ct’y —a. |r,i,| 1,, treat ade s I ’'a-. —
I « dl m vrr b.t Jess pn»B’ ou' ns ssmiui ins ar..
* ilecia, it, ttrsfer • «i>v n« e wig t
-hould b rfflic rd ■' r, I e nay kr.' ’» what
» ® bias lu eiptct. a:., tkc lJ: ,'td'o give
a short account of it, in older tliat every pSr- i
son wh< values his c -mt m this world, ma i ;
fake every possible par s ' guard against it.
The symptoms ■of disease manifested them-
SP !ves in a gradual ibamlanment of usual ha
bits, pursuits, and place of resort. Before
t c disease commenced, I was in the daily
habit of enjoying the luxury of a gl . s >f wine
and a couple of the best Havana ei ars after
dinner. When ’he disease attacked trie. 1
<mvc up drinking wme, and according s it in
c<cased, i first lestiamed myself to the use <-l >
one cigar during the day, and soon afier found j
myself obliged to give up smoking altogether- ;
j 1 next left'my boarding house, which was a
I most comfortable in every respect, and locat
jed myself in one where the accommodations .
1 w t vastly infe ior Nor did I remain here
i I ng. a t I soon left it and went to lodgings
w> er» 1 was worse off than ever. X few weeks
I after this, the disease had reached such a !
height as to affect me now and then with the;
i most painful actuations in my stomach, which ;
! weie followed by n almost unearthly pa’en ss
!in mv face. So very malignant was the na-'
i‘ tore of the disease, that it soon communicated
I itself o my veiy apparel. X pale streak made
1 its appearance round the edge of my hat—the
! elbows of my coat were soon similarly ass c-_. 1
e( )—oid by degrees my vest trowsers, L-m s,
and every thing except my linen, d the
! same paleness as my face, only in a lesser de
‘ gree. What still further emb’/dered my aflln
! tion was, that I found but little or no sympa
thy from my friend pr acquaintance. Until
i the disease got so bad as to affect my clothes,
imy friends behaved towards me m much th"
; same manner they usually did; asked me how
J was, shook me cordially by the hand® "ith
I the usual courtesy of civilized society. Bm
a- soon as my clothes began to look so pale
that there could be no longer any dmibt of the
nature of the disease under which I labored,
my iriemls avoids me lest <hey should cite
the infection They either parsed me mth
street without the slightest notice, or if by I
chance one of them gave me a slight nod ot
recognition it was so cold and formal as to
make it amount almost to an insult. In ids
unhappy state, I remained for several months
j until contrary to my expectation and that ol
my friends, I suddenly recovered. The at
tacks oftnv stomach ceased, my face assum
ed a healthy hue, and even my clothes looked
better than ever. A few days after the change
took place, 1 walk' d down Broadway and wa
cordiallv greeted by those who had only a few
1 weeks previous passed mo by without note
- trig me Amongst others, one particular friend
I an old acquaintance, who had but a week lu
■ fore stared me in the 1 ice and passed as if '
! had never before seen me, now snipped me
’ most ••ordially shook mv band and said,
! “Mv dear fellow, where hive you been
' th* se some months back ? 1 have never beci
t able to meet you.” ‘Oh ' replied I, have
i been afflicted with a dreadful disease.”
i Indeed! siid he—how sorry I am, was it
j the rheumatism you had.”
“ No much worse.”
“ Was it a fever V’
“ A gieat deal worse.”
“ Indeed ! had you the jaundice ?”
“ No, but a far worse disease.”
“ Was it the ague ?”
! ‘‘ The ague is a trifle compared to it.”
, ! “ Mercy on me ! mid you the cholera.”
I ■ “ No, but a disease nearly as bad.”
I “ What then could it bo ?”
“ Want of monev.”
RESPECTABILITY.
We apprehend that there is no one thing
that occasions more misery in tins world than
j the wrong meaning that has been gi’i ti to this
• ~nr re’tper'U’nlriy. Wlim is respe« labil
ity? Is it in being a lawyer, a doctor, a mer
chan', ora inmis er? Does it ct.nsisi in wear
ing the “best broadcloth,” or in being abb- to
dance gracefully or jabber French fluently?
Assuredly not. All these may, and do exist,
and yet their possessors are as far from being
respectable as they ire from being useful tnem
: bers of society —which, by the way, is as far
[ as von can possibly get byway of comparison.
' True respectability consists in adorning the
situation in life in which Providence has placed
us—in stnvu g with all assiduity to make our
selves wiser—and better, m doing all that is
j in our power to enhance oor own happiness
' and the happiness of our fellow brings. The
m m wh<» by his honest industry, gams himself
md family a comfortable subsistence by idling
the soil is fa more respectable, than the law
ver wtm has amassed his thousands by grind
ing the face of the poor, and wrenching from
j the h ind of ttio unfortunate his only support
; in the shape of fees, or the doctor who pre
scribes his nostrums, which oftener kill (han
cure, or the met chant whose worthless limbs
are covered with costly apparel. Mtn form
false estimates from outward snow, costly ap
parel nor dith rcii eot calling that make men
respectable. 1 heie is a cur ain class in so
< iety—mire butterflies it is true, lay claim to
respectability, and who affect to treat the com
mon people—those who do not choose to deck
t..eir persons in gaudy attire and to spend their
time in idle frivolity and senseless mirth—with
i’viit indifi-rente. But when w.- heroine ac
q i tinted with th. so cn atures, we shall look
upon them uiih very dilferent tceLngs than
tin se • t « nvy. \\ esb di view them with pi'v
Hid conn tup; piiy bceau>e tiny thus eflert
u;ill, by loity, biot out ot existence the mind,
the e<»lo principle in them which c-m otford
if cm i.ist’i.g happiness and make t.iem useful
the woi!<i in winch they are determined to
st.iy —to h’c, sucti beings do not —and cm»-
itiiij t, that those who have the power thus to
matte th. m-t !v$ really happy and useful, I
should ti n- reudi r themselves cum, lete drones
—y r.«, < "in; lete nrnsanc* s m such tv.
Let tke honest faimcr or mechanic content
n ti'si It, and act consistently wiiii this reflec-'
■i'»n, tnai they .ire doing more for the good ot I
■hetr country —fur mankind and their own bap- i
. piucas while engaged m their useful employ-,
ments, than a host of indolent lawyers, ignor
ant doctors or insolvent merchants, and let
them tea«‘h these things diligently to their
children, and we shall see les® poverty
—fewer brainless dandies, few-*r effeminate
and useless females, and more true respecta
bility than we now meet with.
* \
ANOTHER BREADTH.
I am a poor man, and can just make both
ends meet bv cutting my coat according to the
cloth. My wife is a fashionable woman and
would sooner be imprisoned for life than run I
counter to the modern extravagance of the !
modern ton. In a moment of generosity ;
about a week ago, I gave directions to pur- I
chase a six-penny calico, thinking I could ven
ture seven or eight shilling® on my hotter half.
But heaven bless me, and curse the fashion of j
the degenerate age. If things are permitted
to go on in this way muclvlonger, the manufac
turers will be a® rich nabobs, and it wdl re
quire the income of a Roman cardinal to keep
a woman well dressed. Bwo days since I
missed my wife, and after searching sometime
about t[ ( ft house, I espied in a comer, a heap
of calico, and being Somewhat surprised at
•vh .t { thought such an unreasonable qu’iniity?
commenced overhauling it, I hid ‘mi over
about tweo v yards of it, when 1 was nearly
f i.duened out of my wits by seeing the whole
mis® rise at once, form itself into two distinct
divisions, either of which would c >ver a square
rod; and to cap the climax of my s rprise,
there in the full tide of fashionable pride my
trim little woman floated before them. She
tut n d upon me one of her best natured smiles
and said,
‘•How do you like it mv dear?”
“Like it,” said I, “why I don’t like it at
all.”
“Well it don’t suit me exn th,” -.he replied,
“t would appear more fashionable, had th
sleeves another breadth!”
FRENCH R ’LXTH)NS.
Ejtrac'sfrtnn the correspondence with the
French Government, in relation to the Trea
ty oj July 4 1831.
-Mt*. Forsyth to JAr. Livingston.
Department of |
W ashington, November 6, 1834. )
Sir :—Your despatches, and those of Mr-
Barton, io No. 56, inclusively, have been re- '
r eived, wi'h copies of your correspondence I
with ihr- Government of France, to the 7ih i
Vugi’st. on the subject of the treaty of the 4th 1
•July, 1831- 1 nave the, President’s direct ions
to express his ipprobiHon of your cood ict, i-:
regret at tue indisposition hat lias rendered a ;
temp nary absence from Paris necessary, and '
his hope mat a speedy restoration to iie.dtii,
will have enabled you to resume your post I
before mis communication can reach France.
Il is especially dcsiranle that you should be in i
fans ol th- U, Stat s 1
may lie apprised, at the earltesi possible hour. ;
not only of the final determmaii. -n *>f me ques
tion ot appi opri ititig the unds fur the execu
tion of the treaty, but of every decisive indica- 1
tion of opinion relative thereto, in the admin
istration <>r tn the legislative Chambers.
It is not the wish of he President tout you
should urge again the | ropriety of a called
session of ihe Chambers. llis just ex|>ecta
ions nave ben made known nd disregarded.
He iias been disappointed. Ihe causes as
signed by Count de Rigity arc not satisfactory
to him. I lie Prcstd- n did not rely on -M.
Semi icr’s assuram es ot m.- disposition ol the
admims ration o»'F auce to hasten, bv all eon
st.muon >1 means, the presentation ofilr law,
to the new Chambers. He relied upon the
solemn assurances of the mim<n r of Fiance,
that it was the irneotion of the adinimsiialien
louse all constitutional eft’mis for that object,
an intention, it seems, not to be executed until
the exercise ot the constitutional power of the
King, in that regard, is entirely compatible
; with the personal convenience ot the indivtdu
j als composing die legislative branch of Ihe
I Government P< rsonal convenience, public
I functionaries musi dmegard, when duty re
; q ires the performance of an act of justice.
| hi constructing M. iserui ler’s ncte of the 5.h
> of Jone last, it is by substituting disposition
: for intention, tfiat the Count de Rigny is ena.
I bled to persuade Intnseif ihai there is nothing
in the course presciibed to itself b’ the t»ov
s ernnient of Fiance, inconsistent with those
declarations ■* outatned in n, upon which ihe
! President ook upon >imself the high lespon
j siniliiy ■ i omit ing m mediately io commum
cate •<> C (ingress the rep cuon ‘ y the Cham.
I ber of Dupo ies ut the law appropriating funds
fur the oxeculion of the treaty, and to reeom"
■ mend, ar the same tune, to that body, the
measures in his judgment proper to be adept
led on that most unexpected ev< nt. it may
j not be inexpedient, before ihe assembling of
i the next Legislature, io make Count de Rigny
sensible of th« soon e of the error into wmeh
. fi© has fallen, ..nd that the President could
not, without di-rcgani m_' the plain impor- of
s mple Lncuagc. have anticipated tho course
j that lias been decided upon.
Leaving the whole ir.attet to the increased
‘ responsibtli v of France, ti e President will
place t e subject in it- just light before Con
igres-, at he opening ot the s< ssion, and await
with u mq-:4«—gflde.ice the result of the ac.
iron of the legislative fiincr.or.nt i-?- of FiaxiCt'
and of the L otted Slates.
1 am, sir,
Your obedient servant,
JOHN FORSYTH.
\ The French of Foreign Affairs tu
Air. .Viles.
TRANSLATED.
Paris, March 26, 1b33.
•Sir:—l received your letter of the 21s
mst. informing me that the Secretary of the
Ire iS'iry of the Unit'd State , according to a
law of Congress, had r.egoiiat'd a bill drawn
oa the Minister ui Finance ol France, for the
payrtient of the first installment of the sum
stipulated in the treaty of July 4, 1831.
11 is a source ol regret, and indeed of as
tonishment. that.lhe Gover .merit of the Uni
ted States did not think proper to have an un
derstanding with that of Franco before taking
this step. It is well known in Washington,
that, according to a cmis'itutional principle,
which is also rigorously observed in the L.
Stoles, tin- treaty of.July 4, 1831, could not
take effe. tin France utril p had received the
assent ofthe Legislature in all ns financial
1 particulars Circnmstom es, over which the
[ King’s Government have no control, have;
hitherto prevented it from asking for such.
i sanction; and although the treaty does not 1
contain anv express stipulation as regards t io ‘
! necessity of sm-h assent, yet it should not the
less be considered as implied, inasmuch as it
i is necessaiily arises from the nature of things,
and the fundamental maxims of our public
law. We, theiefore, had every reason to ex
pect that the United Slates would of them
selves see the necessity ot delaying any meti
j sure like this until the Legislature of France,
. OU being asked to vote the supplies for paying
• the sums agreed upon m the treaty of July 4,
I 1831, had granted them, and thus enabled the
1 Government to fulfil its engagements, or, at
least, 'hat any such measure would have been
made to depend open this grant.
I have also, to observe, sir, upon the modi* '
■ adopted for receiving p *.yment, according to
j the terms of the treaty, how irregular it is,ami
■ how much at variance even with the disposi
tions of that treaty By the second article,
: the sum of twenty five millions ts to be paid,
i in cerium installments, into the hands or the
; person or persons authorized to receive l>y the
j Government oftheUnited States; that is to
i say, that according to the custom generally
‘ < b®» rved, all that regards the execution ol the
; essential clauses ofthe treaty is to be done by
j rue ms of communications between tl e two
; Governments thems Ives, or b' tweeu iheir
agents furnished with special powers thereun
‘ to. Now, in my opinion, the United States
Government, by negotiating with a third party
a bill drawn upon the Minister of 1* inarice m
his individual capacity, instead of comernug
1 a special authoi ity upon the person charged
; will) receiving the amount ofthe installmem,
| ha® gone out of the natural course which the
treaty i self points out, and which is support
ed by so many precedents. You, sir, must
! your-elf have made this ob-ervation, and I am
i'convinced that ymir Government will, as soon
jas it is i.nd before them, appreciate the just
’ ness of it.
it is needless forme o say that the King’s
Government has no tnten'ion of ilirowing off
any engagement which it entered into by the
treaty m question. Its own integrity is the
best assurance that it will fulfil them all, as far
as lies in ns povvei; yei it is essential that ii
should justify itself to the Chambers, and to
tlm natio i; but I can assure yon, ihat although
thete inay be some delay in the acquittal of
the suns mentioned in ike treaty, yet that de
lay, which circumstances render unavoidable,
will not be greater than necessity requires.
I seed more at long h, however to our min
ister at Washington, these same explanations;
lie wdl lay them before your Government.
Your Government, sir, will ippreci ie dulv
tl>i' p iiliamentury considerations, and the con
-titu lOind principles on which they are ion.nl
ed. ami I doubt u >: the atfa r will end by m
-piring them with greater confidence ID tin
rectitude of the Ki g’s Government.
Accept, str, 'he assuiaiK cs of my most dis
tingmshed consideration, &r. &e.
V. BROGLIE.
Air. JViles to the Due de liraglic.
Paris March 28, 1833.
Ti e undersigned • harge d’affaires of ihe
. United Slates, feels it iiu umbent on him to
I represent to his majesty’s Government, Ilia',
in conformity to the stipulations of the second
: article of the treaty entered into between the
j United Statesand his Majesty, ihe King of
the French, on me 4th <4 July, 1831, the la
iific tion whereof, were duly exchanged at
Was mgton on the second day of February.
1832, the Secretary of the United Stales
Treasury, being duly empowered so tod" by
jibe American Government, did, on the se
cond day of FFebruary last, execute and dis
pose 01, to Samuel Joiidon, Cashier of the
Bank of the United Stales, or his assignee, a
draft at sight mi the Government of France
for four millions eight hmidrcd and fitly s-x
thousand, six tiundaed a id sixiy six francs
and sixty six centimes, being the amount of
the first installment due to ihe Untied States
under the said article of the above mentioned
treaty. The bearer of this draft, in whose
favor it was negotiated, wa« al-o possessed of
a full oower from ihe President ot the United
States authorizing Inin to receive the amount
drawn Tor from his Majesty’s minister Secre
tary of Slate for the D.-par memos Finance,
to whom the said draft was addressed, ami to
whom the said draft was addressed, and to
■ give such acquittance for the amount of said
draft in behalf of t e United States as his Ma
jesty’s Government might require.
Toe umler-uned had the ho "r <• 21s
insianl, io notify bis maj -iy’s rrmus.. . ro
tary of Sta u for he Departim-m u Foreign
Aiiairs, hat a bil! hid bee. drawn bv me be
.cretary ot the Limed States j re-surv, tor he
amount of the bctorcmTuttMn'-d in
favor of Samuel Jaudon, Cashier ol the Bank
of the Lnitt-d State-, or order, and that ihe
bill would, in the course of a few days there
after, be presented for payrm nt b. tne assig
nee of me s-nd Jaudon, nt Frame, together
with a full power from he I‘n -idem of the
, cnr.ed States, authorizing him i<» r» reive the
am<*unt of itrc drmi, <nid to give the ne< essary
acquittance.
) iliras come io the knowledge of tho un
lersigned, iliai the said drat' v. ns presented to
| bis Majes y’s Minister serreiarv o| s'ato fori
'the Department ofFiname, by the banking!
'bouse cf Rothschild, Hruthers, ot this city,'
together with the full power before referred to
of”he President of the United Stales, on the
23d instant; mid that his majesty’s minister
Secretary of State for the Department of Fin
ance did, on that day, refuse to pay the said
dr.fi, m consequence whereof the said bill was i
p o isted.
By this refusal of his Majesty’s Govern
ment, the United States will be subjected to a
local claim for damages on the part of tho
owners of (lie bill; the amount of which will be
determined by the laws ofthe State in which
the person in whose favor the bill was drawn
i resides.
J 'The United States Government having
' scrupulously carried into execution all the pro
’ visions of the treaty before mentioned binding
upoq it, will see with unfeigned regret and
surprise, in this refusal of his Majesty’s Gov
ernment to pay the first installment due to the
United States under the said treaty, a non-ful
fillment of one of the fundamental stipulations
of a convention, equally and unconditionally
obligatory upon both the contracting parties,
and will consequently hold his Majesty’s Go
vernment answerable for all the loses and in
juries which it or its citizens may sustain,
consequent upon the refusal of his Majesty’s
Government to pay the drift in question.
The undersigned has the honor to state,To/
; the information efhis Majesty’s
’ that the bill is now in the bands of the Mes«*
1 1 sieurs Ilottinguer, of this city, agents of Sam’l
; Jamlon, and that the amount of expenses io
'! curred thereon, is as yet inconsiderable; and
i the undersigned cannot but indulge the hope
- that bis Majesty’s Government will avail itself
of the vny short time which will elapse be
* fore the bill must be returned to the United
’ Stales, to take it up, and by so doing, to pre
' serve unimpaired the high respect and confi
; deuce entertained bv tho American Govern
ment and people, for and in the honor and
’ fid hty >1 the King’s Government.
r flie nnders'gned, in addressing this note
to ns Excellency the Due de Broglie, has the
’ honor to renew to him assurances ofthe high
est and most distinguished consideration.
N. NILES.
Charge <Z’ Affairs of the United States.
A so" Excellency le Due df. Broglie.
.Mi'iistre Secretarlu' Flat au Department
des Affaires Ltrangeret. «
extract. ’
Air. Livingston to the Due de Broglie.
Delegation of the Uuited States us
America.
Paris, October 5, 1833.
The remaining branch of this discussion is
one that the undersigned enters upon with re*
luctance, because it involves a question of the
constitutional power of the several branches
oftne Government of France, to which be
would not think himself authorized to allude,
if he could in any other manner support the
great interests that are confided to him, and if
the communications made by his Majesty’s
Government, both verbally and in writing, had
not given as a cause for the delay, the attri
butions of the legislative branch of the Gov
ernment, and drawn from them the inference
of a right in that department to w ithhold the
appropriation necessary f :r enabling the Ex«c.
utive io < on.ply with the tree y. One of these
communications goes further, and seems to
consider the alledged right in the legislative
br.incli to annul all treaties requiting an ap*
pruprialioo, ns incident to all representative
Governments; for the Due de Broglie, in his
letter to Mr. Ilaaris, after acknowleding fully
the right which the United States had to rely
<>n the e met performance of the engagements
made on the part France, says, * *
I'his appeal to the knowledge the U. States
have of representative Governments, also ren
ders the discussion unavoidable, and the un.
dersigned undertakes it with (he fullest cons?
derice of showing that the right obtained is ono
not incident to representative Governments irt
general, and that it cannot be exercised by
that oi trance in the present instance, wjtk"
out polling at hazard that which tho under,
signed is convinced every part of the French
Government must consider as the most pre
cious trust confided to them—the preservation
of the publrc faith. The position assumed,
seems to bo this, that, in all representative
(Governments where the power of making
trea les is g-ven to the Executive, and whero
no tax Can bo laid but by the consent of the
Legislature, tins Liter power has the right (<»
examine any ir.-atv requiring an appropriation
io judge of its s ipiiiations, and, if thev are not
approved, to retuse the appropriations neces*
sary to carry n uno < flee!; and as applicable
io ihe present case, that the Chamber of De
puties have the constitutional right to consi
der ihe terms of the convention concluded
With the United States, and if they judge it to
be a bad one, that they may, without incurrim*
any iepioach "f bad faith, exonerate the
tior. Irom its obligations, and, as a corollary
from this, that should they do so, the United
•States have no reason to complain.
It is not domed that the Ki.ig has the con
stitutional nghi to ina k e and ratify treatias.
I ins u mg conceded, the inquiry is, what et
•"i has ne exeicise of this right in deciding
In- quesuon ? I here can be but little difficul
ty. A treaty made and ratified by the consti
tutional power pledges the faith of the nation
10 the performance of its condiiions. It gives
a perfect right to the nation with whom ths
contract is made to demand its execution. It
is bii.omg not only on the department which
made Ihe engagement, but on the nation. The
nation may, hi forming ns constitution, vest
tin- powe in such hands as it thinks proper.
11 may give the right io make 'reaties to ono
branch, and to ratify them, as the United
Mans have done, to another, and it may vest
both p >wers, as the French have done, in the
sarin- department. Bin as the nation is hound
by the ratification, so het powers, when they
treat, confine liiemselves for die perfectioo of
their vGutracts to tho ratifying Power, tn