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(Bcncral Agricultural JJotes. Greensboro has corn growing from seed raised this year. Newnan has the champion beet. It is inches in circumference. Louisiana, it is believed will raise 200,000 barrels of rice this year. The wheat crop tributary to Mem-; phis, is said to be the largest since ’GO. Corn is said to be cheaper in South western Georgia the present year than in any of the larger cities of the State. The first barrel of new‘flour for 1875, was sent from Augusta, Ga., to New York, and sold for SSO. Jeff Davis is to deliver an agricul tural address before an Indian Fair this fall. In Brooks and Thomas counties the cotton is dying out. Cotton fields in Southwestern Geor gia give evidence of an early market , this year. Talbott county claims corn fifteen feet high, which, it is estimated, will make sixty bushels to the acre. An exchange says the Texas wheat, crop this year is estimated at 10,000,- 000 bushels. j —lt is claimed that Kansas will this year harvest a wheat crop of 12,000,- 000 bushels. —The Mexican raiders are said to have stolen $1,000,000 worth of cattle from Texas, since January Ist. —An artesian well at the Milwaukee stock yard, is 1,048 feet deep and yields 6,000 gallons of water per day. —Birds are to be protected and en couraged hereafter, in Kansas and Ne braska, as an antidote for grasshop pers. The Comptroller General has decid ed that all cotton held on the first day of April is taxable, and must be given into the Receiver. Talbot county boasts of a hen that laid four eggs in one day, and then hung herself by the neck in the crack j of a corn crib. Sensible hen. A Bartow county correspondent: wants a man for Governor who has the moral courage to come square out for a dog law for the protection of sheep raisers. A great freshet occurred on the en tire length of the Ohio river last week, and it is estimated that ten thousand 1 acres of corn were inundated thereby. A terrific storm swept over Dan ville, Ya., last week, doing great dam-, age to houses, crops, Ac. Several per sons reported killed. The drouth in Muscogee county has | ' been so great that the crops are burning up. The same complaint reaches us ■ from other counties in the middle por tion of the State. At least one thousand sheep and lambs have been killed in Northwest ern Wisconsin this season by wolves, and probably as many more in each of tile Southern States by dogs. One of the modest little farms in Ill inois is laid out in 19,000 acres of corn, 2,500 acres of flax, 1,000 of oats, and enough grass to produce 8,000 tons of hay. Reports from several States state that the fruit yield this season will be unusually abundant, and the largest ever known in the South. Peaches and grapes arc especially plentiful. —The Arkansas Granges estimate that within ten days (from May sth to 15th) SIOO,OOO worth of cattle were killed by buffalo knats, within a radi us of a hundred miles from Memphis. —Advices from Fort Worth, Texas, which is situated on the Texas cattle trail, state that the drive of 1875 will probably exceed that of 1874 by 30,- 000 to 40,000 head. By the census of 1870 there were 69,956 farms, with an average of 338 acres, which would give us 345,318 100 acre farms, or €590,712 50 acre farms, which, being scientifically culti vated, would produce nearly as much to the farm as the large ones do now. The orange and cocoanut culture in Florida has grown into vast pro portions, and an immense revenue to the people of that State therefrom is the result. In one little town alone (Fort Myers) there are more than five hundred fruit-bearing orange trees, be sides quite a number of cocoanut trees. For he is but a Bastard to the Time who does not Smack of Observation. The Southern people will find it nec essary to take a new departure in more things than politics. They have opened upon a new era in everything. The very foundations of the old socie ty have been broken up, and we find ourselves at sea without chart or com pass. We have been pumping at the ories, trying experiments, and specula ting on caucus and effects. «We have been working with implements we did not understand the use of—and grasp ing at shadows. We must begin de novo to educate our people for the new order of things. We need a new sys tem of education—new text books and a new order of teachers. We want practical teaching—object teaching— not theory and speculation. It is re markable how some people go through the world with a reputation for talent, who see nothing on the wayside, and learn nothing save from books. This is an era of stern realities. We want facts ; we are too poor to ex periment, and time is too precious to waste on theories. The agricultural profession has become unpopular. Why, is not the question now. The fact is indisputable. All the able bodied young men are flocking to the villages and cities in search of employ ment more agreeable and profitable. This must be reformed. If agricultu ral prosperity declines every other pro fession must go downptzpz passu. We should strive to add daily new attractions to the home life. Teach your children first everything connect ed with your profession—familiarize them with details and store their minds with facts, with useful informa tion, before you put them at Greek, Latin or French. There is a planta tion language and a plantation philos ophy worth more than all the wisdom of the schools in the practical opera tion of a home life. How many men grow up on a farm without knowing when a horse is draw ing the heaviest load with the least ex penditure of power? How many can tell at a glance when a plow is doing the best work with the least applica tion of power? How many can tell you how many pounds of flour a bush el of wheat will make, the proportion of seconds and bran, or the process of grinding, bolting, &c. ? How many who have grown up on a plantation can tell you how long before a cotton form or square makes a bloom, and a bloom a boll ? All these things, with the breeding and rearing of domestic animals, the pasture, the dairy, the threshing of grain and winnowing, all the details of farm life, should be taught familliarly at home. We have lawyers, and doctors, and merchants, and brokers, loafers and bankers enough—let us try to turn out a few farmers for the new era Old Fogy, in the Southern Cultivator. Grain Movements and Crops. The greatest wheat crop produced in this country for a number of years past has been harvested this year, and an immense amount of it (about 800,- 000,000 bushels) is said to be on the move to the eastern markets and to ’ Great Britain. Os the crop prospects ! in various States the New York Her ald, of a recent date, says: “In Alabama small grains harvested . well; crop prospects better than 1874. Arkansas, 30 per cent, increase in j acerage; corn crops promise well. California, drought in places has in jured grain ; it is estimated there will be a surplus wheat crop of 300,000 bushels. Connecticut, Colorado, Da kota, crops promise well. Indiana, half of average wheat crop; corn back ward ; oats average. Illinois, rain storms have done much damage, but : general prospects are good for an aver age crop. Kentucky, fruit promises ! poorly; wheat crop light, but grain crops generally will be up to average. Massachusetts, hay half two-thirds of a crop; corn promising. Maine, po ' tatocs and grain are backward ; fruit, average crop. A few weeks ago the cry was for rain, now the cry is for dry weather. In Tennessee, Ohio, Indiana and I throughout the Mississippi valley, it is i said the continued rainfall has greatly damaged the wheat crop, which is still in the fields. California crops are pronounced to be excellent. The wheat yield is cal culated by parties on the spot to be in excess of that last year. The breadth sown was much increased; the season has been favorable and the irregation extensive. The Iron Manufacture. The history of the growth of the iron manufacture in the United States within the last fifty years exhibits a remarkable progress. From a produc tion of 54,000 tons in 1810, it had be come 105,000 tons in IS3O, 347,000 tons in 1840, and GOO,OOO tons in 1850, as near as can be estimated. In 18G0 it had reached 919,870; in 1870, 1,- 850,00; and in 1872, 2,880,070 tons; while the diminished production of 1873, 1,695,424 tons, shows already the effect of the depression under which the iron interest of the country still suffers. Os the production of 1873 very nearly one-half was made in Penn sylvania, and not less than 1,249,673 tons with anthracite, while the total amount of char-coal-made pig-iron was only 524,127 tons, to which is to be ad ded 50,000 tons of malleable iron made by the direct process in bloomaries.' The importation of foreign iron and steel for 1872 was 795,055 tons: for 1873, 371,104 tons; and for 1874, less] than 200,000 tons. From the figures! for 1872 and 1873 we may conclude that the consumption in the United States was then equal to about 3,500,-: 000 tons of iron yearly. - The Sumac. The Monroe Advertiser calls atten-' tion to the sumac that grows in the old fields. It is worth about fifty-five dol-' lars in the northern markets, and the ' Advertiser thinks it is a crop worth gathering. The process of gathering is thus described : “It is the new growth of the plant from year to year, with the leaves and branches, that is taken off, cured and ' prepared for market. The process of i curing is somewhat similar to the cur- j ing of hay. Great care should be! taken that the cure is perfect, and that it should not get wet. The prop er season of the year for gathering is just before the berries begin to form ; if later the berries should be immedi ately rejected before curing. When thoroughly dry it is well threshed and all branches and twigs removed, and the remainder ground with the utmost care, until it become as fine and al most as even as flour. It is then well put up in sacks (100 pounds,) and fourteen of these, dr 2,240 pounds, will sell as a ton. ■■ The Greatest Crop in the World. The hay crop of the United States for last year is reported at over 37,- 000,000 tons cured. This at S2O per ton is about $500,000, and does not include what was eaten but not cured. The live stock of the United States was worth $1,525,000,000. These had to get their living out of grass. The value of animals slaughtered for food in that year was $309,000. The but ter crop was $514,000,000. There were produced 235.000,000 gallons of milk, worth $25,000,000. This, too, came from grass. Next, 53,000,000 pounds of cheese worth $5,000,000. Add all these items together, and the grass products of 1874 of the United States was no less than $1,292,000,000. The total value of all the products in the United States was $2,457,538,958. In other words the grass crop of the Uni- [ ted States can pay off the natioal debt in two years. Crops in Pennsylvania. The editor of the Chattanooga Com- 1 mercial says: We have been permit ted to look over a letter to a gentle man in this city, from his brother, in Chester county, Pennsylvania, from which we learn that wheat in that fer tile region is not worth cutting; oats, were about six inches high, June 28th. I The weather in June was so dry that farmers were forced to haul water for their stock. The potato bug had giv en some trouble, but was not very des tructive. Many farmers think they will have to sell most of their stock, because of scarcity of feed. When old, wealthy, highly fertile, and well cultivated regions like this, are bad off we surely need not complain. Molasses mixed with half water and sprinkled over gooseberry bushes cov ered with mildew, is said to be an ef fectual remedy. The common pulver ized sulpher, or, better still, the flour of sulpher, is also recommended as a remedy for the same difficulty, as it is supposed that the sulphurious acid it contains kills the mildew. The Louisville & Nashville and the St. Louis & Southeastern railroads are at loggerheads, and to revenge it self the latter road announces that it will hereafter carry passengers from Nashville to Louisville for one-third fare, and freight at correspondingly low rates. Jiitdun and |)antrn. Fruit cake that will keep a year: One pound flour, one of butter, one of flour, two of raisens, one of currents, eight eggs, quarter of a pound of cit ron, tablespoonful of molasses, one of sour milk, spices of all kinds, and bake two hours in a moderate oven. Apples for tea are prepared with good tart ones, pare and steam them, whole if small, if large half them, un til they are soft, and when done pre pare some cream and sugar and pour over them, and eat them while they are warm. To make minute sponge cake, beat three eggs two minutes, add a cup and a half of sugar, beat two minutes, one cup of flour with two teaspoonfuls of baking powder, beat one minute, add half a cup of cold water, beat one minute, flavor, add one cup flour, beat one minute, bake quick. •To make troy cake, take two eggs, one cup of sugar, two of flour, half cup of butter, half cup sweet milk, two teaspoonsful cream tartar, one of soda, flavor to taste. To make cream sponge cake, break two eggs in a cup, fill the cup with sweet cream, one cup sugar, two tea spoonsful cream tartar, one teaspoon ful soda, one and three-fourths cup of flour. To make cranberry roll, make paste and roll it thin, spread on about a pint of stewed cranberries, tie it close in a cloth, boil two hours, and serve with sweet sauce; stewed apples may be served in the same way. A good way to cook onions is to boil them in milk and water, as it di minishes the strong taste. To make feather cake, take one cup sugar, one teaspoonful of butter, two of cream tartar, one of soda, one egg, two and a half cups of flour. German pudding is made with one cup of sugar, one of milk, three of flour, two eggs, two tablespoonful of cream tartar, one of soda. Bake and have sauce. • ♦ To Bake a Joint of Meat. A joint to be properly baked should be lifted above the water in the baking pan by muffin rings or something equivalent. No more water should be put in the pan than will boil out by the time the joint is done. When the meat and rings have been removed from the pan, turn off the oily drip pings, except what will readily mix with the flour and water. Set the pan over the fire and dredge flour into it. When there is no water the flour will settle to the bottom of the pan and be brown and cooked in a moment or two. Then add sufficient •water to make the gravy of the desired consistency. The amount of fat to be left and of flour and water to be added must be left to the judgment; one or two experiments will settle that satisfactorily. Why Some People are Poor. Silver spoons are used to scrape ket tles. Coffee, tea, pepper and spices are left to stand open and lose their strength. Potatoes in the cellar grow and the sprouts are not removed until the po tatoes become worthless. Brooms are never hung up and are soon spoiled. Nice handled knives are thrown into hot water. The flour is sifted in a wasteful manner, and the bread is left with the dough sticking to it. Clothes are left on the line to whip to pieces in the wind. Tubs and barrels are left in the sun to dry and fall apart. Dried fruits are not taken care of in season, and become wormy. Rags, string and paper are thrown into the fire. Pork spoils for want of salt, and beef because the brine wants scalding. Bits of meat, vegetables, bread and cold puddings are thrown away, when they might be warmed, steamed and served as good as new.— Cottage Hearth. A Fearful Scourge. The “Black Death” scourge, which has recently appeared in the rivers Ti gris and Euphrates, is the same which destroyed millions of lives in Europe and Asia during the fourteenth centu ry. An old writer predicted the re turn of the scourge during the latter quarter of the 19th century, when it would i>rove much more general and fatal than ever before. On one of the bridges of Paris a baby sprang out of its mother’s arms and fell in the river, and the mother jumped after it, but could not swim. Another woman jumped ity who could swim, and brought out both. The mother was half drowned, and the baby was dead. The safes of the National Bank at Winthrop, Maine, were blown open one night last week with nitroglycerine by robbers, and rifled of their contents, about SIOO,OOO. The explosion blew out all the front windows of the bank and caused a general smash up inside. It is proposed at Washington, in order to prevent the smuggling of valuable laces through the mails, to make all postmasters ex-officio custom officers, with power to open suspicious packages and confiscate their contents, if they shall be found to be contraband. A strange discovery has been made at Buckingham Palace. While some workmen were engaged in pulling down a wall a large quantity of valuable gold and silver plate of about the time of George 111, and worth several thousand pounds, was found. The bonded indebtedness of Phila delphia is over $1,000,000, and yet she wants to issue some more bonds to improve her park. - A Swede named Alberg murdered a young school teacher named Bowden in St. James’ parish, Louisiana, last week. A watch and thirty dollars in money w r as the incentive to this bloody deed. The widow and children of a pas senger named Kruger, lost with the steamship Atlantic, have recovered $25,000 damages from the White Star Company by a suit before the Court of Queen’s Bench, London. Gen. Joseph E. Johnston has been lected President of the Arkansas In dustrial University. Cotton. Give it every opportunity to push forward and make weed now. Bring to a stand at once, if not already done, and plough as often as practicable— with sweep or cultivator where land is sandy or soft, with shovel where it is hard and stiff. When cotton gets ful ly under way developing fruit, the workings may be at longer interveals and increasingly shallow, as it will then be desirable to moderate the growth of the plant. PROSPECTUS OF THE CHEROKEE OCOITW, A MONTHLY EIGHT-PAGE paper, Devoted to Agriculture, Horticulture, and all Branches of Farming Peculiar to this Soil and Climate. TO APPEAR ABOUT AUGUST 1, 1875. The title of this paper indicates its field of labor. The intelligence, energy and prosperity of the farmers of the best Agri cultural district in the State, is considered a. sufficient guarantee of the success of such a journal. The same necessity which urgesan active co-operation of the tillers of the soil, for their advancement and well-being, sug gests the importance of a channel through which their theories, their practical experi ments and successes, may be made known to each other for the general good and profit of the entire section. We hope therefore to make the CHEROKEE AGRICULTURIST a farmer’s messenger, bear ing the glad tidings of successful husbandry from one unto another, until each little farm that dots the hills, the coves, and the valleys shall shine out in their verdue and majesty thus transforming this lost Paradise of ours into an ever-blooming Garden of Eden. Through the sound logical wisdom of the sun-browned husbandman, rather than from the sanctum-shaded editor, are these bright hopes to be realized. From the fullness of ev ery good farmer’s experience, therefore, do we intend to gatherthe treasures of a life's time of toil. We intend to make the main feature of the AGRICULTURIST its correspondence columns a large number of which are promised by the most successful farmers of North Georgia, We shall also secure the editorial assistance of a number, whose ability and success is well known. Altogether it shall be a paper winch shall prove a welcome and profitable visitor to every country home. It will be a handsome eight-page paper, prin ted on good paper, from cleat new type, the Ist of every month, and mailed free of'postage. TERMS—FIFTY CENTS A YEAR. flgu Special Rates to Granges. I trust to the kindness of my old friends to give mea helping hand, and a good start. The courtecies of the Press will be duly con sidered and appreciated. Address ail communicat ions to 11. A. WRENCH, I‘ub’rand Propt’r. Opp. National Hotel. Dalton, Ga.