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PAGE 2—THE BULLETIN, October Si, 195§ DEYOE & RAYNOLDS QUALITY PAINTS HOUSEHOLD DE VOE PAINTS INDUSTRIAL DEVOE & RAYNOLDS CO., INC. 228 Techwood Drive, N. W. Atlanta, Ga. CHAMBLEE CHAPEL Mrs. Geo. W. Marchman, Licensed Catholic Funeral Directress George W. Marchman, Jr., Catholic Funeral Director GL. 7-3101 North Peachtree Rd. Chamblee, Ga. ANTICIPATED RATE;PAYABLE , DEC. -311 1959 BROOKHAVEN FEDERAL SAVINGS & tOAH ASSOCIATION 4008 1 Peachtree. Rod<l,, Atlanta 19, Ga. Accounts Opened by Mail— CE. 7-6406 " R. C COLBERT, President ANTICIPATED - RATE. PAYABLE DEC. 31, 1959 A. i. BOHN COMPANY Brick, Building Tile, Spectra Glaze Concrete Blocks CEdar 7-6481. Atlanta, Ga.. 3229 Cains Hill Place. N. W. ST. JOSEPH’S INFIRMARY SODA FOUNTAIN COFFEE SHOP AND RESTAURANT LOCATED NEXT TO GIFT SHOP ON MAIN FLOOR IN NEW BUILDING ATLANTA, GA. BUCKHEAD GULF SERVICE A. C. RAKESTRAW, JR., DEALER ROAD SERVICE TIRES BATTERIES ACCESSORIES BRAKE WORK & TUNE UP CE. 7-9788 — CE. 3-9146 3145 Peachtree Rd., N.E. Atlanta, Ga. Serving the best Pizza and Italian Food in Atlanta Businessmen's Lunches CLOSED SUNDAYS Delicious Italian and American Food - BARATTA’S ITALIAN-AMERICAN RESTAURANT 1404 PEACHTREE, N. E. ATLANTA, GA. TR. 6-9496 225 BUCKHEAD AVE., N. E., ATLANTA, GA. PHONE CE. 3-1133 BROOKHAVEN SHOE STORE “CORRECT FIT AND SATISFACTION ASSURED” Next to Woolworih's "Home of Red Goose Shoes" Shoe Headquarters in Brookhaven HOLLEY’S CERAMIC STUDIO 461 MORELAND AVE.. S. E. JAckson 2-3515 CERAMIC SUPPLIES AND GIFTS CHINA PAINTING LESSONS BY APPOINTMENT Atlanta, Ga. OUR NEW POPE From: POPE JOHN XXIII: An Authoritative Biography by Zsolt Aradi, Msgr. James I. Tucek and James C. ONeill. Copy right, 1959, by Farrar, Straus and Cudahy, Inc., Publishers. PART X RONCALLI AND THE WORKER PRIESTS Among the most difficult problems facing Archbishop Angelo Roncalli during his years as Nuncio to Paris was that of the French worker priests. The worker priest project, still under consideration today, sought to answer the frighten ing de-Christian i z a t i o n of France’s working masses. Sta tistical studies in 1943 showed that there were 110 areas in France where only 20 per cent . or less of the newborn were baptized. MISSION OF FRANCE This figure becomes terrify ing when it is realized that all the great cities of France are located in these 110 regions. To combat this the French heirar- chy in 1941 set up the Mission of France. Priests were selected for the task of bringing the Gospel to rural or urban areas where the people seemed totally fallen away from the Church. These priests were trained at the sem inaries at Lisieux and Limoges. Even so, it soon became evident that even these specially train ed priests could not reach the people solely by preaching. Thus arose the worker priests. These priests, at first were mostly diocesan, but were later joined by members of the re ligious orders. Their vocation was to work among the work ers, living alongside of them. They went into the factories as steel, chemical and electrical workers. They became truck drivers and teamsters. They worked as miners in the coal pits, as electricians in plants in the Alps and as waterfront la borers, sailors and dockhands. Archbishop — now Cardinal — Feltin of Paris stated pub licly that the worker priests had brought about many con versions. He said all those who knew the worker priests, even if they did not agree with some of their political or social ideas, could always admire their apos tolic zeal and could easily imagine how their radiant spirit reached the souls of others. In 1945, Archbishop Roncal- li’s first year as Nuncio in Paris, rumors spread that the Vatican was worried about the worker priests. Some circles, still feel ing resentment against the Holy See for not denouncing the wartime Vichy government, found new fuel for their claim that the Vatican was reaction ary because it questioned the effectiveness of the worker priests. It was true that Rome was concerned. The Holy See had never given its full authoriza tion. The movement had been permitted only temporarily and for experimental purposes un der the jurisdiction of the bish« ops. But the Holy See did not make any open statement about the worker priests until 1947. It was Archbishop Roncalli who advised Rome to wait. The movement had his sympathies and he knew well that any sharp, premature statement of a disciplinary nature would in flame public opinion and create problems of conscience for the worker priests themselves. As they inspired confidence in their fellow workers, the worker priests were given roles of counselors and arbitrators in labor disputes and it was here their difficulties began. In France it is not possible to secure employment in mines and factories without belonging to a labor union and thus many of the priest workers, as natural leaders, soon were charged with responsible positions in these organizations, many of which, at that time, were communist- controlled. Also it was impossible for them to avoid disputes and strikes and finally some were arrested for participation in demonstrations. One such dem onstration was directed against Gen. Matthew Ridgeway, Com mander of the NATO Forces. In addition it was found that they had little time for recol lection and prayer and even for the celebration of daily Mass. '-7 111l r KMTSRS-IMSuioRS W • * ROME INQUIRES In 1947, the Sacfed Congre gation of the Holy Office in Rome was forced to ask certain questions about the way of life and about the spiritual exercises of the worker priests. It pos ed the question whether other methods and ways of life could not be found for these apostolic souls, that would be more in conformity with Catholic doc trine on the priesthood. Archbishop Roncalli journied to all those regions of France where the worker priests were engaged in activity. The month ly magazine, Esprit, protested against these visits, saying they raised the question whether the Nuncio considered the bishops to be successors of the Apostles or merely Vatican functionaries to whom he could give orders. This was the only time Arch bishop Roncalli was criticized in the press. And it is significant that in the following issue of the magazine the author de clared that the Nuncio’s visits to the bishops regarding the worker priests was a purely re ligious matter and within his domain. The Apostolic Nuncio certain ly did not recommend that the worker priests be disbanded. He knew from his own experi ence how important it is for a priest to have constant personal contact with people. Despite Roncalli’s efforts, the situation regarding the worker priests deteriorated. The French remained deeply attached and grateful to him because it was thanks to his efforts and his re porting of the truth that the Holy See delayed its final judg ment oh the matter. At his suggestion the three ranking members of the French heirard-ty, Cardinal Feltin, Ger- lier and Lienart, were invited to Rome for a long audience with Pope Pius XII. After they returned to France, the French episcopate issued orders that modified the worker priest movement. The essentials remained. The work er priests were allowed to work in factories, but for only three hours, not for the entire day. They were forbidden to as sume posts of responsibility in labor unions. The majority of the more than 400 who receiv ed their training for the move ment obeyed the orders and continued the work. Many of the recalcitrants later returned to the Church. The important thing was that because the problem was hand led delicately but firmly by the Holy See — advised always by Archbishop Roncalli — French Catholics also came to under stand that no priest can identi fy himself either with the rich or with the underprivileged; that Christ did not preach to classes or groups, but to indi viduals. UNESCO OBSERVER After Angelo Roncalli was elected Pope, Cardinal Feltin spoke of the French hierarchy’s feeling on the worker priest movement. He said: “His Holiness John XXIII is well informed about the prob lems and about the difficulties. He had to deal with the ques tion when he was Nuncio in Paris. Nevertheless, when he was Nuncio in Paris, he did not express any opinion about the problem. “Very shortly, however, we are going to ask John XXIII to tell us his views, and we will tell him our experience with the movement and our inten tions and if he does not approve of them we will go on study ing the problem. We will think it over again more profoundly and will search for the best form.” During his stay in France Archbishop- Roncalli was ap pointed by Pope Pius XII as the Holy See’s first permanent ob server of the United Nations Education, Scientific and Cul tural Organization (UNESCO). His first appearance at a meeting in 1951 drew cheers from other delegates, for the diplomats accredited in Paris knew him well. Their enthusi asm for the papal representa tive as a person did not mean that UNESCO as an organiza tion or many of its member states necessarily agreed with Church policies. In his first speech to the or ganization, the future Pope John said in part: “UNESCO should be a great cooperative effort for justice, freedom and peace for all peo ples of the earth, regardless of race, language or religion.” After pausing for emphasis, he repeated, “Yes, regardless of race, language or religion. And if I underline this clear position taken by UNESCO, which is part of the preamble of its con stitution signed in 1945 in Lon don, which deals with UNESCO’s purposes vis-a-vis race, lagnuage and religious re lations, it is because the draft ers of the constitution clearly employed this word ‘regardless’ in intending that no racial, lit erary or religious values of any people should be ignbred or neglected. “. . . The ‘regardless’ means that one should take these val ues into maximum account. We should say loudly and clearly that UNESCO wishes all to be respected.” In UNESCO meetings where Angelo Roncalli spoke, his words were heard by all races, religions and ideologies, by the Soviet Russians and the dele gates from Outer Mongolia, as well as by Scandinavians and South Africans. 'ROMAN PAPERWORK' One of the American dele gates observed: “In private talks, at the dinner table or at small receptions people seemed to remember what the Nuncio said. Even the Russians praised him for not handing down pious lectures to them. They did not rush to the nearest church to be baptized or to join the Church; nevertheless, the seeds of Ron calli’s activity will bear fruit.” In December, 1952, Archbish op Roncalli received the news that Pope Pius XII had elevated him to the College of Cardi nals. Archbishop Feltin of Par is, went immediately to the Nunciature to congratulate him and found him reading his bre viary. The Nuncio looked sad and said: “Nov/ I have to leave Paris, I have to leave France and all this is painful for me. It is pain ful to think that I, should end my life among Roman paper work, in the Offices of Congre gations.” The French Republic gave him a memorable farewell. President Vihcent Auriol plac ed the biretta on the Nuncio’s head in the presence of diplo mats and French statesmen. Also there to watch were the mayor of Sotto il Monte, the new Cardinal’s village, and some of his childhood friends whom he had asked Auriol to invite to the ceremony. Leaving Paris, he was made a Commander of the Legion of Honor. Behind h i m remained the constructive and lasting re sults of his work. He did not interfere in domestic politics, but he had an undeniable in fluence on the fundamental is sues which beset France and VVhen Archbishop Roncalli was elevated to the College of Cardinals late ir> 1952 the French Republic gave him a memo rable farewell. foliowirig a 400-yetir-oid tradition President Vincent Auriol placed the red biretta on the Nuncio's head. frshch Catholics. By helping to restore peace within the Church in France he enabled the French episcopate to exercise moral leadership over the en tire people. Now finished, he returned to his homeland for the well de served rest due a man who has worked hard and was 71 years old. (Next issue — Patriarch of Venice.) TWO LOCATIONS Decatur McKINNEY BLDG AND Atlanta By MED. ARTS BLDG Opticians Kalish & Ainsworth 542 CHURCH ST DR. 3-7903 380 P’TREE ST.. NE JA 3-5033 Radio Station WERD KC 860 On The Dial 330 Auburn Ave., NE JA. 4-0666 — Atlanta, Ga. 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