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PAGE 8—THE BULLETIN, Jun® 25, 1960 AT ALBANY UtCNJUKATE SEME FOR CATHOLIC GRADUATES ALBANY—On Sunday eve ning, June 5th, a Catholic Baccalaureate ceremony was held at the new St. Teresa’s Church for the high school grad uates of the parish. The Bac calaureate sermon was delivered by the Rev. David O’Connor, M.S.SS.T., J.C.D., a professor at St. Joseph’s Seminary, Holy Trinity, Alabama. Prior to his assignment to teach in the seminary, Father David worked on the Trinitarian Mission Band in Virginia and North Carolina. The Baccalaureate Mass was offered for the graduates by the Rev. Marvin J. LeFrois, pas tor of St. Teresa’s Church. Music during the service was provid ed by St. Teresa’s adult choir. Following the church cere mony there was a banquet at the James Rivers Restaurant for the graduates and other high school students of the parish. The undergraduates presented the program at the banquet. Members of the graduating class from St. Teresa’s are: Marianna Armstrong, Margaret Barton, Mary Dunn, Mark Jef frey, Donn Kelly, Matthew Mc Coy, Patricia McLaughlin, Madeline Mock, Charles Myler, Richard Rhodes, John Ross, Laura Shemwell, Joan Wagner and Victor Dobner. Catholic Orthodox ALBANY BACCALAUREATE. SERVICE — Pictured above are the Albany High School graduates from St. Teresa’s parish who attended the Catholic Baccalaureate Service on Sunday evening, June 5th. With the graduates are Father David O Connor, who delivered the baccalaureate sermon, Father Marvin J. LeFrois, pastor, who offered the baccalaureate Mass, and two serv ers, Fred Shemwell and Edward Armstrong. A Cal loli . resident BLESSED SACRAMENT PARISH COUNCIL HOLDS MEETING SAVANNAH — The Blessed Sacrament Parish Council of the D.C.C.W. met recently in the school auditorium. Mrs. W'illiam J. Schneider, president for the year 1960-1961 presided. The following reports were made: Mrs. William J. Lynch report ed that the last meeting of the Home and School Association had been held with no new business to turn over to the council. Mrs. W. T. Cannon, represent ative of the League of Mary, proposed a plan for a Mother’s Club , for young Mothers to get acquainted with each other, and a transportation committee for families unable to get to Mass. Mrs. Broderick, representing the League of the Sacred Heart, invited all to attend the 7:00 A.M. Mass with the members of the League of the Sarced Heart, June 24th., Mrs. Ilka Leche, representing the Altar Society, urged every one to attend the 9:15 Mass June 16th, the Feast of the Cor pus Christi, and to have the children come and participate in the procession. After reports of the organiza tions were given, Mrs. Schnei der named the committee chair man of the Parish Council. They are as follows: Mrs. Pearl Carsgrave, Catho- lice Charities; Mrs. C. H. Laird, Confraternity; Mrs. J. C. Mul ler, Family and Parent Educa tion; Mrs. Fred Doyle, Foreign Relief; Mrs. W. J. Lynch, Home and School; Mrs. W. P. Cetti, Youth, International Relations; Mrs. H. N. Colebrook, Mrs. Mrs. George Ebberwein, Litera ture; Mrs. Ira Smith, St. Mary’s Guild; Mrs. Robert Parrish, Legislature and Public Rela tions, Mrs. E. D. Cribbs. Monsignior Brennan gave a short talk to the members com mending the large communion attendance during the month of May. He stated that 430 chil dren received communion in a body daily during the school weeks honoring Our Blessed Mother. Mrs. Schneider then turned the meeting over to Mrs. W. P. Broderick, Mrs. P. R. Schreck and Mrs. M. D. Pruitt, promot ers for the League of Sacred Heart. Mrs. Broderick, Secreta ry of the League, introduced the members to the organization’s meaning and purpose. Mrs. M. D. Pruitt, assistant secretary, told how membership could be attained and Mr. P. R. Schreck spoke of the Twelve Promises of the Sacred Heart. Mrs. Brod erick then turned the panel over to Monsignior Brennan, who commended the League of Sacred Heart with having spi ritually backed the progress of the school with prayers and de votions. He stated that the League of the Sacred Heart is the Spiritual Foundation of ev ery Catholic Parish. Following the panel, the meeting was adjourned and re freshments were served by Mr. W. P. Cetti, Mrs. H. F. Whe lan, and Mrs. Fenn Peck, also of the League of the Sacred Heart. The refreshment table was (Continued from Page 1) on this subject? In an address to the Roman Rota, October 6, 1946, Pius XII said: “The increasingly frequent contacts between different reli gious professions, mingled in discriminately within the same union, have caused civil autho rities to follow the principles of tolerance and liberty of con science. In fact, there is a poli tical tolerance, a civil tolerance, a social tolerance, in regard to adherents of other religious be liefs which, in circumstances such as these, is a moral duty for Catholics.” Hence in America where, in spite of any hypothetically larg er increase or even numerical preponderance of Catholics, there will always be wide dif ferences of faith among citizens. Catholics are BOUND IN CON SCIENCE to exercise civil and political tolerance, and respect the constitutional rights of oth ers. This principle was further confirmed in the pontiff’s dis course, RELIGION IN THE COMMUNITY OF NATIONS, addressed to the Convention of Italian Catholic Jurists, Decem ber 6, 1953. Here the Pope points out that God Himself, though infinitely powerful, does not interfere with human free dom in order to repress error or moral deviation. He cites the parable of the cockle wherein covered with white lace and held an arrangement of large red roses and two tall red can dles on one end, while the punch and cookies were served from the other. Green fern in tertwined with candles and ros es for a delightful setting. BENEDICTINE GRADUATION EXERCISES — The Most Rev. Thomas J. McDonough, D.D., J.C.D., Bishop of Savannah, is pictured as he addressed those gathered for graduation exercises of Benedictine Military Academy. Christ gives the following ad vice: let the cockle grow in the field of the world together with the good seed in view of the harvest. Then the pontiff con cludes: “The duty of repressing moral and religious error can not therefore be an ultimate norm of action. It must be subordinate to higher and more general norms.” In other words, religious error is to be tolerated in the modern state “in order to promote a greater good” — the peace and order of society. III. Aren't Catholic Actions Actually Seeking to Break The Wall of Separation? While voicing satisfaction with separation of Church and State haven't Catholics actual ly been seeking, however, to breach that wall by exerting pressure to secure legislation favorable to their schools? No. Like other citizens, Cath olics exercise their right to suf frage and cast their ballots for measures which they honestly believe are fair and just, for the welfare of our entire socie ty and the promotion of the common good. We can best illu strate this answer by coming to grips with specific Charges. Is the effort of Catholics to secure public bus transportation of pupils to parochial schools a breach in the wall of separa tion? No. The fundamental grounds on which the State provides school transportation is concern for the SAFETY of the child. That concern must extend, how ever, to all children, regardless of creed or color, of whether they attend a public school or a non-profit, semi- public, church-related school: they are all children of taxpayers, future citizens and defenders of their country, in whose welfare and safety the State has an equal interest. Non-Catholics are in attendance at virtually every Catholic school. To extend a public safety measure to one group of chil dren and to deny it to another is obviously rank injustice. In de fending the rights of their chil dren in this regard parents are acting in accordance with the noblest traditions of American democracy. What did the Uni fed States Supreme Court decide in this matter? In February 1947 it upheld the constitutionality of school bus transportation for parochial and private school pupils, com paring such a safety measure with the fire and police protec tion offered to all accredited schools indiscriminately. It rec ognized that a New Jersey law merely implements the compul sory education law by provid ing a “general program to help parents get their children, re gardless of their religion, safe ly and expeditiously to and from accredited schools.” Isn't such transportation, vir tually the equivalent of extend ing public financial aid to a pri vate school? No. The New Jersey statute merely authorizes the reim bursement of bus fare to par ents whose children are attend ing either public schools or oth er non-profit schools. In the Everson case, on which the fed eral Supreme Court ruled, out of $8,034 thus reimbursed, only $357 went to parents of 21 chil dren attending a non-profit pa rochial school. The DIRECT and IMMEDIATE benefit, ruled the court, was to the children and their parents, not a cent going to the school. Why is ihis decision of the Uniled Sfaies Supreme Court of such outstanding importance? Because it affirmed not mere ly the constitutionality of the . specific New Jersey statute but' also the constitutional right of a State to provide transporta tion to nonprofit, non public accredited schools and that a tax for this purpose does not breach the “wall' of separation” between Church and State. Thus the way was cleared for the enactment of enabling leg islation in any State where such is necessary to provide transportation for all its school children without discrimination. “We are satisfied,” declared the Maine Supreme Court in a rul ing on this point on May 25, 1959,. “that a properly worded enabling act . . . would meet constitutional requirements.” Is if not only the right but also the duly of a State to pro vide transportation to accredit ed schools tor all its pupils without discrimination? Yes. The United States con stitutional guarantee ot “equal protection under the law” clear ly demands that the same safe ty measure — public bus trans portation — now provided to protect some school children from slaughter on the highways he extended to all. Otherwise the federal guarantee of “equal protection becomes a mockery. Can'i one escape from the clear implications of the United States Supreme Court decision and of the constitutional gua rantee of "equal protection un der the lav/" by rating trans portation as part of "public school education?" No. Transportation is not ed ucation: it is a means of get ting to the place where educa tion is provided. “Most school administrators,” points out the United States Office of Educa tion, “would concede that there is a very fundamental differ ence between pupil transporta tion and most of the other as pects of the school program. Transportation is primarily a service and is only incidentally related to the education of the child.” What did the Kentucky Court of Appeals say on this subject? It upheld a State statute au thorizing the transportation of children to either public or non profit schools, analyzed the is sues involved with keen pene tration, and thus stated them with exceptional lucidity and cogency: “In this advanced and enlightened age, with all the progress that has been made in the field of humane and social legislation, and with the haz ards and dangers of the high way increased a thousand-fold from what they formerly were, it cannot be said with any rea son or consistency that tax leg islation to provide our school children with safe transporta tion is not tax legislation for a public purpose. “Neither can it be said that such legislation, or such taxa tion, is in aid of a church, or of a private, sectarian or paro chial school, nor that it is other than what is designed and pur ports to be, legislation for the health and safety of our chil dren, the future citizens of our State. The fact that in a strain ed and technical sense the school might derive an indirect benefit from the enactment, is not sufficient to defeat the de clared purpose and the practical and wholesome effect of the law.” Doesn't the extension of the school-lunch program to pupils in nonseciarian or church-relat ed nonprofit schools breach the wall ot separation? No. The principle justifying this program is that the health of the nation’s children is a public concern. That concern, as previously pointed out, must extend to all children. In 1935 Congress legislated to provide, in cooperation with the States, milk and hot lunches on a sub sidized basis to school child ren. As some States construed their Constitutions as prevent ing them from rendering any form of assistance to nonpublic schools, the federal government established a separate lunch program for these schools. (Continued from Page 1) ning and end and from Christ the Saviour and all He repre sents. “This means, beloved brothers and sons, that one must pre pare for the council with a sense of supernatural elevation ac cording to the spirit of holy Church, g u a r d i ng oneself against confusing the sacred and the temporal, and against con fusing the intentions of the reli gious and spiritual order with human efforts—however .worthy of respect these might be— which are directed solely to ward seeking pleasure, honors, riches and material prosperity. “Another form of cooperation, meritorious and beneficial for the council, is to follow the course of its development with a profound examination of doc trinal principles, religious cul ture and historical background from all of which the honest and well-balanced mind derives exact practical criteria and valuable learning.” The goal of ihe ecumenical council. Pope John said, is the same as that of every redeem ed person on earth and the ulti mate goal of every family, so ciety and nation—the triumph of Jesus Christ. Quoting from St. Paul’s epis tle to the Ephesians,'the Pontiff said that these words would merit being posted on the doors of the ecumenical council: “Rather are we to practice the truth in love, and so grow up in all things in Him who is the Head, Christ. For from Him the whole body (being closely joined and knit together through every joint of the system according to the Reunion functioning in due measure of each single part) derives its in crease to the building up of it self in love.” (Eph. 4, 15-16) In the latter part of his dis course, the Pope illustrated the meaning of the feast of Pente cost—“the feast of the Holy Spirit, who enlightens and sanc tifies the life of the Church, en abling it to overcome difficul ties, adversities and persecu tions.” He spoke of how in our own age whole nations, great in the practice of the Faith, have fallen victim to confusion and perse cution and have lost tlieir free dom of worship. Then he said: "Do not believe, however, that the Holy Spirit is ready to forsake ihe Church and fhreaien iis ruin." In ihis connection, the reign ing successor to St. Peter said that people come to him from all over the world, telling him about the wonders of grace and heroism that are being felt where ihe Church is suffering most. As added proof that Ihe Holy Spirit remains with the Church, he said, ihere is a con stant movement of the reiurn of souls "toward Rome as to ward a center of religious unify." Finally, he urged the clergy and laity to join with him in a union of prayer for the success of the ecumenical council. mathematics Award For liss Turner (Continued from Page 1) permen and Printers.” This lengthly footnote ridi culed the Christian Democratic statement as “melodramatic.” It said that the Local Committee for Freedom of he Press had “unmasked (the Christian Democratic Movement) to the point of popular repudiation of its hidden attacks against the Revolution . . It declared that the move ment’s “most characteristic leaders” had taken “the well- known road of foreign diplo matic protection” although they were not molested by anyone. This was evidently a reference to Jose Ignacio Rasco and En rique Villareal, who fled Cuba after their demands for elec tions drew the government’s an ger. The “clarification” asserted that the Christian Democratic Movement “maintains in brut ish poverty the farming popu lation of southern Italy and . . . in the Germany of (Chancellor Konrad) Adenauer supports the most barefaced rebirth of nazism . . .” CULLUM, ALA.—Miss Martha Ann Turnberg received the President’s award from the- president of the National Mathe matics Society for having amass ed the most points for articles and papers which she submitted to the Mathescope, ^National Mathfematics publication. Martha (left) is the daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Carol E. Turn berg of Albany, Georgia. She re ceived as an award, a slide rule in a leather case and a certifi cate of membership in the Na tional Mathematics Honor So ciety, in ceremonies at Sacred Heart Academy in Cullman, closing the school year. Miss Turnberg also received an Honor Award and Pin for excellence in her contribution to Catholic Journalism while maintaining a high scholastic average. She was Sodality Edi tor of the Academy publication, The Reporter. Miss Turnberg is a postulant in the Benedictine Order at the Motherhouse in Cullman. At right is Miss Mary McGehee of Tuscaloosa, Alabama who won the award for highest Scholastic Average. Some states provide medical and dental inspection of school children. It is rendered in the school because that is the most convenient place to reach chil dren because it can utilize the school’s administrative machin ery. It is obvious, however, that the basic reason for rendering these services — the health of our children — requires that they be extended to all the na tion’s children without discrim ination. (To Be Continued) * f tjl * * #4 f ST. PIUS X GRADUATION ing graduation coiomonios. Graduates and friends and relatives are pictured follow- FIRST COMMUNION AT PORT WENTWORTH - First Communicants of Our Lady of Lourdes parish, Port Wentworth, are pictured with their pastor, the Rev. Francis J. Donohue. Top row H to r): Rugh Coburn, Bicky Zittrauer, Father Donohue, pastor Janet Simoneaux, Robin McGunagle. Second row (1 to r): Theresa Wexel, Glenda Traywick, Timothy Marshlic , Devvie Thurmond, Michael Jordan, Terry Lewis, Patricia Mistich, Wanda Putnanx Bottom row (1 to r): Debbie Harris, Biane Benay, William Becker, Bernard De Nito, Therese McLendon and Donna Marcantonio. / person - lo - person Service all uour Lankina needs tor all your banteiny SAVANNAH BANK & Trust Co. SAVANNAH, GEORGIA MEMBER F.D.I.C. RECEIVES HONORARY DEGREE — Shown above is Mr. Robert E. McCormack, Sr., responding at the Commencement Exercises of St. Bernard College, Cullman, Ala., at which he received the Honorary Doctor’s Degree. Seated L to R are Rt. Rev. Msgr. Francis J. McCormack, Dr. Bernard J. Ficarra, the Commencement speaker, Very Rev. Brian J. Egan, O.S.B., President of the College, and Most Rev. Joseph Durick, Aux iliary Bishop of the Diocese of Mobiie-Birmingham. Mr. Mc Cormack is the president of Bobs Candy Co., Albany, and a member of the Lay Board of Advisors of St. Bernard College. en ge b t hi 3 r n— 3 lse Merf ffllS 11 e% ce ing do h# g s f quit' So. pp it 1 (edie^ on ang el tty-, tu*°J ice i w! ates' ier (hoG