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PAGE 2—THE BULLETIN, October 15, I960 Radio Station WERD KC 860 On The Dial 330 Auburn Ave., NE JA. 4-0656 — Atlanta, Ga. ATLANTA’S ONLY MATERNITY SPECIALTY SHOPS 224 Peachtree, N. W. Broadview Plaza Any Time — Anywhere Call a TAXI RADIO CABS DECATUR CO-OP CABS 310 E. Howard Ave. 24-Hour Service Passengers Insured Trips Anywhere DE. 7-3866 — DE. 7-1701 DECATUR, GA. , ■ t f ww»wwwwww.;»hiihiwihw The Catholic In America By Rev. Peter J. Rahill, Ph.D. This is one of a series of articles reviewing the position and. experience of the practicing Catholic in the life of the American c o m m u n i t y from Colonial times. The author holds a doctorate in American Church History has taught in various universities, and is pres ently Archivist and Historian of the Archdiocese of St. Louis. IGNITE CHARLESTOWN CONVENT The inauguration of Andrew Jackson as President of the United States in 1929 brought a throng of his friends to Washington from their homes beyond the Alleghenies. Nationalism and American ism were no mere academ ic ideas but woven into the fabric of this administra tion. To that extent it 1 could be said to have been unfriend ly to the strengthening tide of immigrants, and many new comers to our shores were irt- evitably linked with Catholi cism. Agitators labeled even those incomers who declared themselves Protestants as “Jesuits in disguise.” FIRST CATHOLIC CABINET MEMBER Except in this general sense of some exaggeration of Americanism Jackson’s admin istration was not antagonistic to the Church. In fact, the hero of the Battle of New Orleans named the first Catholic mem her of a presidential cabinet in the person of Roger Brooke Taney. The numerous newspapers whose business was anti-Cath olicism raged at the choice of this Maryland-born jurist for Attorney-General. The ranting was as ineffectual against the President’s determination as the whisperings of the Wash ington matrons against Peggy Eaton. Taney went on to be elevated to the bench of the Supreme Court. Rejected once by the United States Senate, he was confirmed in 1836 as the first Catholic Chief Justice Needless to say, the wild predictions that the Pope would soon follow Taney to Washington were not fulfilled during the 28 long years the ST. JOSEPH’S INFIRMARY SODA FOUNTAIN COFFEE SHOP AND RESTAURANT LOCATED NEXT TO GIFT SHOP ON MAIN FLOOR IN NEW BUILDING ATLANTA. GA. PHONE JA. 2-6500 589 FORREST RD., N.E. ATLANTA 12, GA. DeKALB MUSICIAN SUPPLY CO. The South’s Complete Musical Instrument Store Rentals — Sales — Service of All Musical Instruments King Band Instruments — Buffet Clarinets W. F. L. Slingland 120 Atlanta Ave, DR. 3-4305 262 East Ponce De Leon Rd. Decatur, Ga. Atlanta, Ga. CE. 7-9552 RENT THE FINEST IN FORMAL WEAR AT O’KELLEY’S A complete selection of Dinner Jackets, Tuxedos, Full Dress Suits, Strollers ...tailored and fitted to perfection. Beautiful Bridal Gowns, Bridesmaid Dresses, Cocktail Dresses and Formal Gowns in the newest fashions. Also veils, wreaths, hoops and crinolines. O'jetty’s, Jnc. 231 HITCHEli ST, S.W, ATLANTA 3. GA. Established 1919 JA 2-9960 JA 1-0421 Marylander presided over the nation’s supreme tribunal. Both numerically and pro portionately Catholics were increasing in the United States in these 1830’s, though the total was still not much more than one-half million. But it would have seemed that there were far more than one Catholic out of every 25 Americans from the abuse directed against the faithful. While back stairs gossip or pulpit harangues cannot be heard today, much of the anti- Catholic literature may still be read. Pamphlets written in England against the Catholic Emancipation Act of 1829 were circulated on this side of the Atlantic Ocean. Indicative of the financial profit possible, as well as the deepness of the animosity, was the appearance of numerous books. The inventor Samuel F. B. Morse frequently dipped his pin in vitriol against the Church. Probably not the cause at all, but the immediate oc casion for his hatred had been his experience while visiting Rome. When he had not removed his hat while watching a Church procession, a soldier had knocked off his indecorous chapeau. It is not known if Morse’s hat was damaged but his dignity certainly was of fended. For years the Church in the United States suffered from the abuse heaped upon her because one soldier in Rome decided for himself to force a respectful demeanor from an unbelieving visitor. In 1790 George Washington had told his Catholic country men that “as mankind be comes liberal they will be more apt to allow that all who conduct themselves as worthy members of the government are equally entitled to the pro tection of civil governments.” The first President’s optimism was far from realization in the Massachusetts of 1834. At Charlestown, to which Paul Revere had rowed from Boston, the Ursuline nuns had established Mount St. Bene dict, a school for young ladies. Those of the Catholics who were recent immigrants had little money to spend on high- FLOWERLAND GREENHOUSES Retail — Wholesale Greater Atlanta Deliveries Flowers for Every Occasion Chamblee-Dunwoody Rd. Chamblee, Ga. — GL.7-3455 Bookkeeping Audits Tax Returns Systems FRED STOUT Accountant - Bookkeeper CHAMBLEE, GEORGIA GL. 7-8682 GL. 7-4871 Office — 3529 Broad St. Home — 2309 Wallace Dr. CELEBRATING. 70 YEARS nTUUUMMOU CE. 7-8694 Free Inspection Atlanta, Ga. C&S REALTY COMPANY “Specialists in Commercial- Industrial Real Estate” 604 Mortgage Guarantee Building Warehouses, Stores, Mfg. Plants, Acreage, Shopping Center Dev, Industrial Dev, Subdivision Dev, Insurance MIKE & STEVE SERTICH JA. 4-2053 er education for their daugh ters. But with four-fifth of the students non-Catholics the in stitution expanded. The nuns scrupulously adhered to their promise not to impose their own religious convictions on those not of the Faith. 'BRIMSTONE CORNER' As the academy prospered and grew, bitter remarks were directed against it by enemies of the Church. Many non- Catholic ministers were par ticularly incensed that wealthy Unitarians of the Boston area patronized the school. Leaders of the attacks was the Rev erend Lyman Beecher, pastor of Boston’s Park Street Church. His fiery castigations of Catholicism from that pul pit earned for it the popular designation of “Brimstone Cor ner.” Two unfortunate incidents caused the bubbling cauldron to boil over. A scullery maid who had asked to be admitted to the Ursuline order was dis missed as unsuitable after four months. A lurid account of convent life was issued under her name, but probably would have been dismissed by all save the overly credulous had not an actual nun left the convent school. This overworked music teacher temporarily lost her reeason and fled to the home of friends. When she had re covered her senses the follow ing day she was visited by Bishop Benedict Joseph Fen wick, for whom she had sent. He readily granted permission for her to return to the con vent and she was brought back by her Protestant brother. Rumors of the incident were magnified by hostile elements and within a week were flaunted in two Boston news papers. At first it was intimat ed she had been cast into a dungeon; then it was charged that she could not be found at the convent at all. Sunday eve ning, August 10 the Reverend Lyman Beecher called for ac tion against “Popery” in vio lent sermons delivered in three separate Boston churches. While some Catholic writers have charged that these on slaughts were responsible for the devastation which follow ed, it is probable that the weal thy congregations addressed by Beecher did not actually participate in the foray. There is evideence which apparently indicates that lower elements of the area’s population had planned attacking the convent for some time before the nun had suffered her nervous breakdown. TARDY REFUTATION A short time before Bishop Fenv/ick had had a difference with the selectmen of Charles town over a Catholic cemetery. “For health reasons” the coun- cilmen had refused to grant a permit, though non-Catholics were being buried in the same area without any apparent contamination of air or earth. EMILY FINOCCHIO'S KUT & KURL SHOP AUDREY, JUNE, NORMA EMILY 3675 Clairmont Rd. - GL. 7-4681) CHAMBLEE Cloudt's Food Shop 1933 Peachtree St., N. E. TR. 6-7523 Atlanta, Georgia CATERERS TO ATLANTA PEACHTREE ROAD PHARMACY Brookhaven - North Atlanta PRESCRIPTION SPECIALISTS Call CE. 7-6466 - We Deliver Atlanta, Ga. 4062 Peachtree Road, N.E. JOHN MARSHALL LAW SCHOOL JUNIOR COLLEGE 105 Forrest Ave., N. E. JA. 3-8580 “Around the Corner from Sacred Heart Church” Day And Evening Classes A. J. BOHN COMPANY Brick, Building Tile, Spectra Glaze Concrete Blocks CEdar 7-6461, Atlanta, Ga., 3229 Cains Hill Place, N. W. FULTON HOSPITAL Alcoholism 907 Edgewood Avenue Nervous Disorders Atlanta, Georgia PHONE JA. 4-9392 This may have accounted for tardy action on the part of the councilmen. However, on Monday morn ing, August 11, five selectmen made a tour of the convent and talked with the nun who had left temporarily. They issued a statement to the Boston newspapers that nothing ob jectionable had been found, and that the young lady in question “expresses herself to be entirely satisfied with the present situation, it being that of her own choice.” Alas! This complete refuta tion of all charges was one day too late. When it was printed the convent already had been attacked and burned to the ground. In the nightdress the nuns, together with the chil dren and young ladies in their charge, escaped through the rear garden. “Not content with all this,” an investigating committee of non-Catholics reported, “they burst open the tomb of the es tablishment, and exposed to view the mouldering remains of their tenants ... Not one arm was lifted in the defense of helpless women and chil dren.” The next day a mass meeting of Protestants was held in Faneuil Hall under the leader ship of Boston’s Mayor Theo dore Lyman, Jr. The destruc tion of the convent was de nounced as a “base and cow ardly act.” Meanwhile from nearby railroad construction camps Irish laborers had start ed on a mission of revenge. When he heard this Bishop Fenwick hurried six priests in different directions to stay the self-appointed vigilantes. Call ing Boston Catholics together, he urged his listeners to re main quiet and allow the law to take its course. The Boston Gazette com mented: “We hope the bishop will furnish us with a copy of his address for publication. It would be read with a high degree of satisfaction by his Protestant fellow citizens.” NO REDRESS The trust of the bishop in legal vindication was not ful filled. Of the mob which par ticipated in the burning, eight were charged with arson. Au thorities agree today that the trials were decided before the evidence was heard. All were acquitted save one youngster. He too, was released on the pe tition of Boston Catholics, who refused to allow the youth to be scapegoat for those who had planned and carried out the felonious assault. When Bishop Fenwick peti tioned for funds to rebuild the convent, the matter was re ferred to the state legislature. The deep seated hatred of the assailants was mirrored in this querrie from the American Protestant Vindicator of Jan uary, 1835: “Any man who proposes, or would vote for the measure, which would rob the treasury of the descendants of the Pur itans to build Ursuline nun neries . . . must be a raving lunatic.” The legislature rejected this and all subsequent attempts to give the Ursulines money to rebuild on the blackened foundation of their school. As late as 1854 Benjamin F. But ler of Civil War fame proposed compensation to the nuns, and his committee in the Massa chusetts House enthusiastically approved. Once more anti OBITUARIES BROOKWOOD SERVICE STATION Pure Oil Products - Tires - Lubrication - Tall Pipe - Mufflers - Brake Work MR. CLAY, Prop. Road Service - Pick-Up & Delivery 1820 Peachtree Rd., N.W. TR. 6-2171 Atlanta, Ga. Hamilton Realty Company • Farm Lands • Commercial Properly • Development Properly • Homes • Rentals • Insurance and Loans 5280 Buford Hwy. GL.7-7249 DORAVILLE Highest Quality Recaps! Guaranteed Passenger and Truch Tires—Retail, Whole sale, Fleet—8-Hour Service on Passenger Cars MOBLEY TIRE & RECAP SERVICE DR. 3-3388 - 2803 E. Ponce De Leon DECATUR Dunlap Distributors PIZZA HUT PIZZA HUT—24 Varieties Salads — Antipastos — Spaghetti — Lasagna — Hero Sandwiches — Many Other Selections Your Favorite Beverages Served 3101 Peachtree Rd., N. E. CE. 3-3505 Atlanta, Ga. Savannah Services Mrs. Beatrice Bart SAVANNAH — Funeral services for Miss Beatrice Elizabeth Bart, were held Oc tober 5th at the Blessed Sacra ment Church. Survivors are a daughter, Mrs. S. J. Eason, Savannah; a son, Eugene Bart, Savannah; a sister, Mrs. Lurline W. McCall, Jacksonville, Fla.; four grand children and several nieces and nephews. Services For R. W. Stembridge MILLEDGEVILLE—Funeral services for Roger W. Stem- bridge, chief engineer at Mil- ledgeville State Hospital were held September 27th at the Sa cred Heart Church, Rev. Jos eph Ware officiating. Survivors are his wife, a son, Walton Stembridge, Mil- ledgeville; two daughters, Miss Catherine and Miss Gladys Stembridge, both of Milledge- ville; and three sisters, Mrs. L. N. Callaway and Miss Thel ma Stembridge, both of Mil- ledgebridge, and Mrs. Edward Deman, Laurenburg, N. C. Catholic pressure was exerted; for the last time the attempt to indemnify the Ursulines was defeated. The immediate reaction of fair-minded Americans was as tonishment and horror at the convent burning. In Boston a group headed by Harrison Gray Otis called on “all good citizens to express individually and collectively the abhor rence they feel of this high handed violation of the laws.” Even several religious papers which had been denouncing Mount St. Benedict were sym pathetic to the Ursulines and repentant of the invectives which they had printed. Once released from the bonds of law and conscience, however, the mob spirit is dif ficult to control. Despite the protestations of influential Protestants, episodes similar in character were much too fre quent in the succeeding months and years. Assaults on churches became so common in New England that Catholic parishioners took turns at pa trolling the property. The dan ger was indicated by the re fusal of some insurance com panies to issue policies on Catholic buildings. Hopeful omens were indeed difficult to discern in the peri od following the burning of Mount St. Benedict Convent. When the bishops assembled again in Baltimore in 1837 they approved a pastoral letter written by Bishop John Eng land in which the Charlestown outrage was forcibly denounc ed. Notwithstanding, the pen of the South Carolina bishop wrote confidently of Catholic belief in and reliance on the freedom proclaimed in our na tional Oonstitutjon. “Bloody but unbowed” would be a pungent description of the Catholic in America in the late 1830’s. Next Issue: Archbishop Hughes' Courage Halts Anti- Catholic Riots. “YVe Don’t Overcharge” CHAMBLEE LAWN MOWER SERVICE Parts and Repairing For All Leading Makes - Karts Serviced and Repaired Clinton - Briggs & Stratton, Etc. 4872 Buford Hwy. Across from Camp’s Chevrolet GERALD DUDDY Complete Interiors • Furniture • Lamps • Tables • Wall Decor • Carpeting • Bedding THIRTY YEARS IN METROPOLITAN NEW YORK AREA Now Located at 4061 Peachtree Rd., N, E. Brookhaven Atlanta, Georgia Phone — 233-8884 "GOOD FURNITURE MODERATELY PRICED" — Store Hours — 9 a. m. — 5:30 p. m. Friday evening til 9 Services Held For M rs. Nettie Gossage PORT WENTWORTH — Fu neral services for Mrs. Nettie Lund Gossage were held Oc tober 4th at Our Lady of Lourdes Church, Rev. Francis Donohue officiating. Survivors are her husband, J. C. Gossage; a son, Lawrence Gossage of Garden City; two daughters, Mrs. P. J. Coffee and Mrs. Hugh Zittrouer, both of Garden City; a brother, Alex Lund of Eason, Wis.; three sisters, Mrs. Fred Schae fer and Mrs. William Olden burg, of Wausau, Wis.; and Mrs. Carrie Baker of Milwau kee, Wis.; and five grandchil dren. SERVICES FOR MISS GODBEE AUGUSTA — Funeral serv ices for Mrs. Margaret Godbee were held September 26th at O O | ALEXANDER-ICELLEY | O O ATLANTA — Miss Charlotte Linda'Kelley, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Charles McRoy Kel ley of Smyrna and James Wil liam Alexander, Jr., of Atlan ta, son of Mr. and Mrs. James William Alexander of Atlanta were married at the Cathedral of Christ the King, Rev. Alan Dillman officiating. O O ZUGAY-PULLIAM O- -O ATLANTA — Miss Delores Ann Pulliam, daughter of Mrs. H. J. Thompson of Germany and James M. Pulliam and Michael L. Zugay, Jr., son of Mr. and Mrs. Michael L. Zugay of Harrisburg, Pa., were mar ried at St. Anthony’s Church. Rev. Leonard F. X. Mayhew officiating. O O CONLEY-LANE O- O SAVANNAH — Miss Jo Ann Lane, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Leo R. Lane and Joseph Wayne Conley, son of Mr. and Mrs. William Henry Conley, DePere, Wis., were married September 24th at the Cathe dral of St John the Baptist. Rev. Herbert J. Wellmier officiating. O— O j GEABON-SCHUMAN | O O SAVANNAH — Miss Helen Elizabertli Schuman, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Thomas L. Schuman and Francis Leon Grabon, son of Mr. and Mrs. Walter J. Grabon of Thorp, Wis., were married September 3rd at the Nativity of Our Lord Church in Thunderbolt, Rev. Felix Donnelly officiating. Death on our highways takes no vacation — always remem ber that. St. Patrick’s Church, Rev. Ger ald Armstrong officiating. Survivors are three cousins. Miss Maude L. Dosher, Mrs. Sallie G. Wright and Mrs. Ruth G. Robertson, all of Augusta. Atlanta Services Miss Mary Gwinn ATLANTA — Funeral serv ices for Mrs. Mary E. Gwinn were held September 26th at The Cathedral of Christ the King, Rev. John Mulroy offi ciating. Survivors are Mrs. W. B. Sharp, Mr. and Mrs. R. C. Sig mon, Ft. Smith, Ark., Miss Anne Kiely, Oklahoma City, Sister Joseph Frances, Phila delphia, Miss Ann Beth Sharp, Mrs. Sam London, Ft. Smith, Mr. Walter Sharp. SERVICES FOR W. T. ELLIS ATLANTA — Funeral serv ices for Mr. William T. (Bill) Ellis were held September 21st at the Immaculate Conception Church, Rev. Leonard Kelly, O.F.M., officiating. Mr. Ellis was a Fourth De gree Knight of Columbus and also a member of the Holy Name Society. GOING TO THE PICKRICK? SMI-NEL REALTY CO. Home Near Pius X High School — Our Lady of Assumption School — Im maculate Heart of Mary School. 3665 A Clairmont Road GL. 7-0798 (Multi-List Realtors) CHAMBLEE, GEORGIA Insured to $10,000 by FKLIC We Pay Postage On Mail, Accounts 4 7. Current Rate on Savings Standard Federal 48 Broad St. NW, Atlanta 3 Georgia MU. 8-6519 BEWARE OF 225 BUCKHEAD AVE., N. E„ ATLANTA, GA. 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