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COUNCIL COVERAGE COUNCIL COVERAGE HALF MILLION PEOPLE PACK ST. PETER’S SQUARE TO SEE OPENING COUNCIL PROCESSION BY MSGR. JAMES I. TUCEK VATICAN CITY, (NC) - An estimated 500,000 people jost led and strained to witness the passing of history as the mem bers of the Second Vatican Ecumenical Council marched in procession across St. Peter’s Square and into the basilica to begin the council. This high moment in the Church’s history started at 8:30 a.m. when the long procession of the world’s bishops made their way to the basilica walk ing in front of His Holiness Pope John XXIII, who was car ried on his portable throne. The council Fathers had assembled at 8 a.m.: the car dinals in the Vatican’s Hall of Benedictions and the Borgia Apartments; the bishops in the Hall of Inscriptions, and the Pope in the Hall of Vestments. The Pope vested in mantle and jeweled miter, the cardinal bishops in copes, the cardinal- priests in chasubles and the cardinal deacons in tunics. The Oriental Rite patriarchs were vested in the solemn vest-, ments of their own varying rites. The bishops, arch bishops and abbots donned white copes. All — cardinals, pat riarchs, archbishops, bishops, abbots — put on simple white miters with their double poin ted crowns rising high on their heads. Oriental Rite prelates wore the episcopal crown, a tall bulbous metal head - dress, richly ornamented, modeled after the crown of the Roman Emperor Constantine. When all were vested, the Pope entered the Pauline Chapel of the Vatican Palace where the Blessed Sacrament was ex posed. There he intoned the an tiphon, Ave Maris Stella (Hail Star of the Sea), and the solemn procession began. Walking before the Pope, the long procession wound its way down the Royal Stairs, led by the Crucifix and followed by the guards, the laymen and the ec clesiastics of the papal court. Behind them followed the of ficials of the Vatican’s courts, ministries and offices; then the representation of Religious orders, the abbots, the bishops, archbishops, patriarchs, car dinals and prince assistants at the papal throne — all in finery to befit the solemn event and following the sign of their Sav iour. The procession moved slowly through the great Bronze Doors and into St. Peter’s Square, passing between two lines of the assembled diocesan and reli gious clergy of Rome. They marched through the huge throng in the square, chanting the fifth-century hymn: "Sing ular Virgin, make us meek and chaste.’’ Those in the front of the pro cession carried the chant into the basilica through its central door where others, who had al ready taken their seats, took up the song and sent it ringing through the gilt and brilliantly lighted vaults. For a full hour the procession passed: every race and color and tongue, every rite, every degree of dignity, every cir cumstance of human existence, respected and persecuted, af fluent and poor—all one in creed by baptism, in purpose of sal vation. At the end, flanked by the im mediate members at his court, borne on his portable throne, came Pope John. He was solemn faced and in prayer: no longer the Angelo Roncalli who walked barefoot to school, but entering this assembly as the supreme judge and legislator on earth of Christ’s Church. The procession ended as the Pope stepped down from the portable throne and went to the altar erected before the tomb of St. Peter. There he intoned a second hymn, the Veni Crea tor Spiritus, by which he and all those present who took up the chant implored the guidance of the Holy Spirit in the work now begun. The Pope went to his throne and Eugene Cardinal Tisserant, Dean of the College of Car dinals, began preparing to cele brate Mass in honor of the Holy Spirit as the assembly contin ued the hymn: "Enlighten our senses; implant love in our hearts.” At the end of the Mass the Pope removed his miter and mantle and vested as for Mass. After a ceremony similar to the "Dry Mass” of the former Good Friday ritual, the Gospel was read from the podium—the same which was used in the first Vatican Council—and then the book of the Gospels was placed on the center of the altar. It would, in a manner, reign there for the duration of the council. Now the Fathers of the coun cil went to the papal throne to make their obeisance to the Pontiff; first the cardinals then the patriarchs, then two each of the archbishops, bishops and abbots representing the whole assembly. The ceremony of the opening of the Second Vatican Council concluded with an allocution by the Pope. After his allocution, the Pope ascended the portable throne and was borne out alone, accom panied only by the members of his personal service. The car dinals, patriarchs and the other council Fathers then filed out without procession. The Second Vatican Council had now begun. Three years of preparation had come before this day. All the powers of heaven and earth had been summoned to assure a suc cessful outcome of what would follow. What would follow was known only to the mind of God whose Holy Spirit was already at work. ATLANTA PHONE JA. 2-6500 ATLANTA 12, GA. ST. JOSEPH’S INFIRMARY SODA FOUNTAIN COFFEE SHOP AND RESTAURANT LOCATED NEXT TO GIFT SHOP ON MAIN FLOOR IN NEW BUILDING ATLANTA, GA. FOR THAT SPECIAL OCCASION RENT FORMAL WEAR from O'Kelley’s, Inc. Rent your entire Formal Wear wardrobe. O'Kelley’* features a complete line of handsome Men's and Boy’s Formal atlire. Also Bridal Gowns, Veils, Bridesmaids dresses and Hoops. 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PETER’S SQUARE JAMMED FOR COUNCIL OPENING - Estimated 500,000 of the faithful jam St. Peter’s Square to catch a glimpse of the historic opening of the Second Vatican Council, October 11. Some 3,000 Council Fathers representing almost every area of the world passed through the crowds and into the Basilica for the opening session of the Council. Newsmen, photographers, television and radio crews from throughout the world recorded the history making event on the spot. (NC Photos) ^diuards* FINE CHILDREN’S SHOES Exclusive at BOB WILLIAMS SHOES SIZES TO FIT TOTS TO TEENS Prices according to size and type of shoe fro “,$5.99 ° $13.50 Bob Williams has specialized in fitting fashion and pre scription shoes for over 25 years. Bring your children to him for specialized shoe fitting. We Give You FREE, Our Most Valuable Asset, A Perfect Fit 3ring Your Doctor's Prescriotion to Bob Williams LENOX SQUARE Peachtree Road Front Parking Area Green 98 CE. 7-7539 BOB WILLIAMS Savannah’s Only Discount House DIXIE FURNITURE MART "Where All the Irish Trade" 2517 BULL STREET SAVANNAH, GA. PHONE AD 6-8616 3,000 Take Part In Largest Council In History Of Church BY BURKE WALSH VATICAN CITY, (NC) - His tory is in the making here. The greatest meeting of Church dignitaries in all the Christian era is in session in St. Peter’s basilica. In many ways already one of the great assemblies of all time, its full impact is expected to be felt far in the future. Events of enormous importance, probably unfolding slowly over many years, will be traced to it. Gathered about His Holiness Pope John XXIII are cardinals, patriarchs, archbishops and bi shops from the farthest corners of the earth to the number of some 2,600. Together they con stitute the Fathers of the Second Vatican Ecumenical Council. Theologians and other expert consultants swell the number of those present to about 3,000. It is an ecumenical council, and only the 21st ever to be convened. The first met in 325 in Nicea in Bithynia (now apart of Turkey) with 318 persons taking part. The last previous one, the First Vatican Council, was held here more than 90 years ago. There have been many more than a score of large and important meetings in the two Christian millenia, but to date only 21 have been accorded the rank of general councils. An ecumenical, or general, council is a solemn assembly of the bishops of the world called by the pope to consider and decide, under the presi- CE 7-8694 • Free Inspection 2730 Piedmont Road, N. E. Atlanta 5. Georgia dency of the pope, matters con cerning the whole of Christen dom. The current ecumenical council is by far the largest, the best prepared for, the most widely heralded, the most en thusiastically received of all general councils. In a motu proprio issued almost on the eve of the meeting’s opening, Pope John said, “the coming ecumenical council by virtue of the number and variety of those who will participate in its meetings evi dently will be the greatest of the councils held by the Church so far.” The Pontiff also expressed the expectation that the council will prove to be the “most moving and most solemn spec tacle offered to the world of angels and of man.” The largest previous meeting of this kind was the First Vati can Council, which convened here on December 8, 1869, and recessed prematurely on July 18, 1870, when Garibaldi and his insurgents approached the City of Rome. Pope Pius IX subse quently became a voluntary "prisoner in the Vatican” and the council was never reconven ed. The First Vatican Council had 737 persons attending its open ing sessions. The council met in the right transept of St. Pe ter’s which had been closed off and furnished to accommodate such a meeting. The Second Vatican Council is meeting in the much larger nave of St. Peter’s. The Fa thers of the council are seated in chairs set in two tiers, each 10 rows high, which rise on either side of the nave. In their robes, the bishops form a ver itable canyon of color extending more than 360 feet from the inner doors of the basilica to the tomb of St. Peter under the great dome. The Throne of Pope John, ele vated so that he is visible to every council Father, is situa ted in the nave at St. Peter’s tomb. Places for 88 cardinals and nine patriarchs are in a spe cial section at the Pope’s right. The ecumenical council now in progress has special and interesting facets seemingly without number. To mention only some: Never before, not even in the time of its empire, has Rome been the focal point of interest for so many people in such scat tered and farflung places round the world. No council before ever had available to it electric lights, telephones, typewriters and so many other devices that people of today take for granted. What’s more, loudspeakers make the voice of a speaker heard every where in the council hall, and electronic machines Tabulate the ballots. This council is receiving far greater coverage from news media of every description than any previous council received. It is the first, of course, whose news is being reported by radio and television. It is only the second general council in which bishops from the United States have taken that these bishops constitute the second largest group from any one nation. Only the bishops here from various parts of Italy are more numerous. A bench of five cardinals pre sided over the general congre gations, or working sessions, of the First Vatican Council. At this council 10 cardinals from nine nations, including Fran cis Cardinal Spellman, Arch bishop of New York, are taking turns presiding over the meet ings at which the Pope is not present. This, it has been said, is the first council in history to meet free of interference by any secular government. It is the first since the eighth-century beginning of the Papal States to meet under circumstances of complete separation oTChurch and State in Italy. It is attended by representa tives from more places in the world than were present at any council in the past. It is the first since the Pro testant Reformation to be at tended by non-Catholic ob servers officially delegated by their church authorities. SAVANNAH CHRYSLER PLYMOUTH De Renne Chrysler-Plymouth, Inc. "A Name You Know And Trust” 25 E. DE RENNE AVE. 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