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Hapevllle
Venezuela Ripe For Democracy,
Needs Stronger Labor Movement,
Christian Exile Leader States
(By George Gent)
(N.C.W.C. News Service)
NEW YORK — Venezuela, af
ter the revolution, needs a strong
labor movement, more progressive
labor legislation, and a stronger,
more rational, economy, a Chris
tian political leader said here.
Dr. Raphael Caldera, head of
Venezuela’s Christian Democratic
(Copei) party and currently a
political exile in the United
States, expressed this hope for
his nation’s future as he prepared
to return to his homeland after
the fall of President Marcos Perz
Jimenez.
Venezuela, he said, is now ripe
for democratic govei'nment.
“The rich should be less rich,
the poor less poor,” he said during
an interview in his Manhattan ho
tel suite, which buzzed with the
din of Latin American well-wish
ers, reporters and the incessant
ringing of phones..
The 42-year-old professor of
labor law at Venezuela’s National
University in Caracas, said he
hopes that all political leaders
will put aside their selfish in
terests and save their nation the
anguish of a heated political cam
paign.
“There should be a provisional
government,” he continued, “until
such time as the people can elect
a new parliament.” Dr. Caldera
said that he was bent on backing
any political agreement which
would lead to a national union.
His statements were read to
two other exiled Venezuelan po-
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■ ..4. —
litical leaders who are also in
New York. Rightist Jovito Villal-
ba, head of the Democratic Re
publican Union, and leftist Rom-
ulo Betancourt, head of the Dem
ocratic Action party, both agreed
with Dr. Caldera’s ideas.
Jesuit-educated Dr. Caldera ar
rived in New York on January 19
after spending four months in a
Caracas prison and several weeks
in asylum at the home of Arch
bishop Raffaele Forni, Apostolic
Nuncio to Venezuela.
The mild-tanned young lawyer
and university professor is one of
Venezuela’s most popular politi
cal figures. As such, he was con
sidered the leader of the opposi
tion to the recent dictatorial re
gime of President Perez Jimenz.
So popular was Dr. Caldera
that President Perez Jimenez con
sidered him a constant threat to
his power and had him imprison
ed last August. But Dr. Caldera’s
story really begins in 1947.
In that year, Venezuela was
preparing for its first free elec
tions. Then, as now, Dr. Caldera
was head of the Copei party, com
posed mostly of business and con
servative interests, but motivated
by Christian social principles.
The young professor was the
leading contender for the presi
dency against novelist Romulo
Gallegos, the popular Democratic
Action party’s candidate. Mr. Gal
legos won the election by a sur
prisingly wide margin, which Dr.
Caldera attributes to the Marxism
and anti-Catholicism that moti
vated, that" party. The Christian
Democrat said he was satisfied
that it had been an orderly elec
tion.
Within months, however, the
new democratic government was
felled by a coup d’etat of a mili
tary junta headed by Col. Perez
Jimenz. The junta ruled the na
tion until 1952 when an election,
in which Col. Perez Jimenez was
overwhelmingly rejected, was
rigged to give the presidency to
the dictator anyway.
An entirely new, .hand-picked
government was established and
promises were made that there
would. be a new, constitution out
lining electoral rules and guaran
teeing civil liberties..
“Five years was not enough
time for them to pass any of these
laws,” was Dr. Caldera’s ironic
evaluation of the dictatorial re
gime.
Early in 1957, the government,
plagued by social unrest and po
litical dissatisfaction, promised a
plebiscite in which the people
would be allowed to vote “yes”
or “no” on whether the dictator
ship should be continued.
Dr. Caldera was one of the few
major opposition political leaders
in tlie nation and was considered
the likeliest candidate of the
united parties on a write-in tick
et.
However, on August 2, he was
arrested while shopping in Ca
racas and confined in the Seguri-
dad Nacional, headquarters of the
secret police.
“During the entire four-months
of my confinement,” he complain
ed, “I was not allowed to see my
family or political associates.”
Some observers said that Dr.
Caldera’s close association with
the Catholic hierarchy was the
reason for his arrest. It was said
that the regime feared the Church
would throw its support to the
Christian Democrats.
Dr. Caldera disagrees with this
interpretation. “No party in Ven
ezuela wants to see. the Church
actively engaged in politics.
“The Church fulfills its mission
when it supports Christian social
principles as outlined in the papal
encyclicals.”
He did feel, however, that the
Venezuelan Hierarchy’s support
of these principles was rightly in
terpreted as a severe criticism of
the Perez Jimenez government.
The real reason behind his ar
rest, Dr. Caldera belives, was his
defiance of the regime’s ban
against political activity and pro
paganda.
“The last meeting of the Chris-
Dictator Out
gVENEZUELA*
tian Democratic party,” he ex
plained, “was a private gathering
in January, 1954. One of our stu
dent members, Hilarion Cordoza,
made an emotional speech against
the govei'nment.
“Despite the fact that the meet
ing was private, Mr. Cordoza was
arrested and sent to prison.”
In November, fearful of being
overwhelmingly rejected, ousted
President Perez Jimenez canceled
the plebiscite set for mid-Decem
ber.
Immediately there began a
roundup of political leaders and
students. Of the nine top Chris
tian Democrat executives, six
ended up under arrest, two in ex
ile, and one in hiding.
On last Christmas Eve, Dr.
Caldera was told he would be re
leased from prison, but that he
would have to leave the country
immediately.
Before he could depart, how
ever, the Venezuelan Air Force
revolt broke out on January 1.
Dr. Caldera’s home was searched,
but he was not there when the
secret police arrived.
The next day, January, 2, he
sought asylum with the Apostolic
Nuncio. The government insist
ed that he leave the country and
“the Nuncio was forced to com
ply,” Dr. Caldera explained.
“I am most grateful to him and
the Holy See for their paternal
care for me during my stay. When
it was time to leave, Archbishop
Forni escorted me to the plane.
No one was permittted to talk to
,me. I had to. leave behind my
wife, six children, and my mo
ther.” .
As to the future,' Dr. Caldera
said Venezuelan leaders must
stop trynig to buy the Church’s
support with rich adornments and
beautiful new chapels.
“They must learn that, the
Church wants support of its social
principles, not merely financial
aid,” he added.
Although he said he is satisfied
with the role the Venezuelan
army has played in the recent up
rising, he hoped that army lead
ers would return to their profes
sion and leave politics to the
politicians.
The popular politician said he
has optimistic hopes for the na
tion after witnessing the display
of civic determination on the part
of the Caracas crowds in the re
cent revolt.
v i en>ziL
P! !■!
South America’s northern
most country, Venezuela, has
seen the fall of the dictatorship
of Perez Jiminez; a political
development which will be of
real benefit to the Church, ac
cording to Archbishop Rafael
Arias Blanco, of Caracas. Meas
uring approximately 352,000
square miles, about the size of
Texas and Minnesota combined,
Venezuela is almost 95% Cath
olic in a population of almost
six million. It is one of the lead
ing petroleum producing na
tions of the world, and is rich
in other raw materials.—(NC
Photos)
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Stamp Honors
Foundress Of
Charity Nuns
, DUBLIN, Ireland, (NC) — For
the first time in the nine years
that the Republic of Ireland has
been issuing postage stamps, a
woman will be honored by a
special stamp.
A picture of Mother Mary Aik-
enhead, foundress of the Irish
Sisters of Charity, will appear on
a special stamp to be issued this
year in commemoration of the
centenary of her death.
A convert to the Faith, Mother
Aikenhead established her order
during a period when economic
conditions in Ireland were appal
ling. From 1831 to 1858, Mother
Aikenhead was in ill health and
carried out her administrative
duties from an invalid’s chair.
A decree for the introduction of
her beatification cause was signed
in 1921 by Pope Benedict XV. Her
(grave at St. Mary’s Convent,
Donnybrook, Dublin, has been a
popular pilgrimage site.
Services For
Mrs. T. J. Fender
AUGUSTA, Ga. — Funeral
services for Mrs. Janet Mayhercy
Fender, were held January 16th
at St. Joseph’s Church, Rev.
Charles Mahoney officiating.
Survivors are her husband,
Thomas J. Fender, four daughters,
Judith Fender, Nancy Fender,
Janet Fender and Carol Fender;
two sons, Tommie Fender and
Jonnie Fender; her parents, Mr.
and Mrs. George W. Mayhercy of
Wilmette, 111., a sister, Mrs. John
Wiekum of Chicago and other
relatives.
(Continued from Page 4)
wages. Good mothers certainly
are, the most important women of
the nation. There’s another group
of women, however, even further
removed from the spotlight who
deserve a woman of the year com
mendation, too. They Eire the nuns,
the dedicated women, who Serve
God in his far flung family across
,tiie face of the earth. Their family
is as large as humanity; They, too,
serve around the clock in hospital
watches, in dreary classroom
recitations, in homes for the aged,
and orphanages, in vigils and in
fastings and prayers. They serve
as college presidents and convent!
cooks; they work in laboratories
and mix baby formula; they sew,
they write, they teach, they paint,
they study. But mostly, 'thank
God, they pray for 'you and for
me and all the other sinners like
us who need the prayers and
example of these dedicated
women who give up all the things
a crazy mixed up world deems
important and vital to happiness
. . . they give it all up for the
love of God. It is a very happy
thought that somewhere in this
materialistic selfish world filled
with people intent on doing what
they want, when they want and
how they want there is such a
thing as a nun—unselfish, pure,
obedient.
* * * * *
OUR BLESSED MOTHER, of
course, is the woman of every
year. She has and will continue
to outshine all other women who
hold the world’s spotlight for a
brief now and here. The actresses,
stateswomen, business women,
geniuses, authors^—all the women
who have made their mark on
the world — fade all too soon
from sight and memory. Not so
Our Lady. She remains as fresh
and as meaningful and important
in the lives of the living today
as she did hundreds of years ago.
Although she lived 2,000 years
ago, her impact is no less today.
She did none of the things the
world would deem necessary for
their woman of' the year choice.
She discovei-ed no vaccine, ruled
no land, wrote no books. She was
a mother and like the nuns was a
consecrated virgin. She was the
Mother of Christ, the Savior of
the world. By that token she will
be known throughout eternity as
no other woman will be. This year
of 1958 is her year in a particular
way. It is the anniversary of her
apparition at Lourdes to little
Bernadette. The Holy Father
asked that this year be a time of
“Christian renewal as we inten
sify our efforts to bring a sense
of spiritual values to a world
steeped in materialism.” This can
be our year in a very particular
way, too, as we strain to imitate
more closely Mary who is the
woman of the year!
“Back To God”
Movement Grows
CINCINNATI, (NC) — The
American Legion’s “Back to God”
movement is gaining momentum,
Msgr. Robert J. Sherry, Ohio state
chaplain of the Legion, declared
here.
He cited growing nationwide
interest in the project, reflected
in network television programs,
billboard campaigns, and local le
gion post programs.
Special events to promote the
movement are scheduled by most
legion units on the first week end
of February, Msgr. Sherry said.
Declaring that “God and His
Church are America’s first line
of defense,” legion officials have
described the “Back to God”
movement as “a continuing pro
gram sponsored by the American
Legion in the belief that our
country will be strong if our peo
ple will return to the religious
principles upon which our nation
was founded.”
The movement recommends in
dividual daily prayer to God,
daily family Bible reading, re
ligious training of children, and
weekly public worship of God.
In a statement issued recently,
the legion said: “The ‘Back to
God’ movement is essential to
basic Americanism . . . Our
founding fathers derived our fun
damental rights from God.
Americans must never forget
God,‘ the source of their fights.
Religion, which binds man to
God, holds a Vital place in Ameri
can life.”
THE BULLETIN, February 8, 1958—PAGE FIVE
Atlanta Services
For R. F. Ryckeley
ATLANTA, Ga. — Funeral
services for Mr. Robert Francis
Ryckeley were held Januai-y 16th
at the Immaculate Conception
Church Rev. Harold Rainey
officiating.
Success usually comes from
good work—not from good luck.
SERVICES FOR
OSCAR SMITH
ATLANTA, Ga. — Funeral
services for Mr. Oscar Smith were
held January 22nd at Our Lady of
Lourdes Chui-ch, Rev. Michael
McKeever, S. M. S. officiating.
Survivors are Miss Fannie
Smith; Mr. Tom Smith, both of
Detroit, Mich. Mr. Gus Smith of
Atlanta, Mr. Willie Smith of Cov
ington, Ga. nephews, nieces and
cousins.
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Savannah Services
For James Foughner
SAVANNAH, Ga — Funeral
services for James William Fough
ner were held January 20th at
the Cathedral of St. John the Bap
tist.
Survivors are his wife, Mrs.
Ruby Bazemore Foughner; two
brothers Joseph E. Foughner and
Jerome Thomas Foughner both of
Savannah; two sisters, Mi's. Carl
Buss, Detroit, Mich., and Mrs.
Elizabeth Foughner McMahon,
Jacksonville, Ark., and sevei-al
nieces and nephews.
Mrs. Cooklcy
Services In Sayannoh
SAVANNAH, Ga.-Funeral
services for Mrs. Margaret Carlos
Coakley were held January 23rd
at the Cathedral of St. John the
Baptist.
She is survived by a cousin,
George S. Jackson.
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