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THE BULLETIN OF THE CATHOLIC LAYMEN’S ASSOCIATION OF GEORGIA
FEBRUARY 15, 1930
Interior View of St. Paul’s Church
Father Clavreul’s Notes on
Florida Catholic History
FROM THE INDIAN REVOLT TO
TIIE ENGLISH OCCIUPATION, 1764.
In 1644 the Apalache Indians receiv
ed orders to repair to St. Augustine
to work on the construction of the
fort, which we see today, and which
Was to replace the Indian log house,
only defense of the town up to that
time. The Indians resented the or
ders as an insult, replying that they
were not slaves. Hence followed lire
revolt which lost to the Church all
the missions from the Gulf around St.
Marks to the country of the Suwanee
River.
The material used in the construc
tion of the fort was stone or co
quina, as it is called—a compound
of sand and sea shell—found in
abundance on the island opposite the
city, St. Anastasia.
The fort, the only relic of the early
days, is naturally a center of inter
est, and all visitors to St. Augustine
must see the fort, view these mas
sive, frowning, though fast decaying
walls, the construction of which last
ed one hundred years—from 1640 to
1740- nd taxed to its utmost the
Spanish exchequer. Nothing, there
fore, can be added to what has been
said on the subject. One thing, . ow-
ever, shall be referred to because it
touches directly the history of the
Church in Florida; it is the military
Chapel.
Within the massive walls and bas
tions there is in the center of the fort
an open space or square, measuring
one hundred feet to the side, formed
by four rows of comparatively low
buildings with a flat roof or terrace
now used as a promenade. All the
buildings to the north and to the west
have rooms, similar in every respect;
in size and shape, vaulted and case-
mated. They are twenty feet wide,
forty feet deep and eighteen high
from the floor to the apex of the
vault, and all have but one opening,
the door at the entrance.
In the center of the row of build
ings. north, is the chapel, which you
face on entering the square. Here
the Chaplain, attached to the garrison,
said Mass. There is nothing in the ,
external appearance today to remind !
you that it was once a chapel. The
sculptures that adorned its facade are
not only defaced but look as if they
had been hacked—a supposition
which seems probable, as the equally
delicate sculptures of the Royal
Spanish escutcheon, at the draw
bridge, are yet intact. On the other
hand, the jags in the walls on both
sides of the entrance have greatly
widened the original opening, thus
leaving full play to the wind and
rain. This accounts for the greenish
and mossy coating on the walls in
side, the vault, the niche over the
al.ar and the holy water font at the
right of the entrance. In the rows of
buildings to the east are smaller
rooms or cells, vaulted and casemat-
ed; here the prisoners were con
fined.
ter setting fire to the city and laying
waste the surrounding country.
Other expeditions followed which re
sulted in the complete destruction of
the missions of the interior. Num
bers of Catholic Indians were killed,
these who escaped being carried away
and sold as slaves. In 1725 Capt
Palmer of Georgia came to the very
gate of St. Augustine, sacked and
plundered the chapel of Our Lady
of the Milk in the Indian settlement
north of the town. Then came the
more formidable expedition of Gen
eral Oglethorpe. It lasted from
June 13th to July 20th, 1740, but
failed owing to the skill and bravery
of the Spanish commander, Governor
Monteano. Bishop Tejada, auxiliary
Bishop of Santiago de Cuba, resided
at that time in St. Augustine. He
left us a detailed account of the
event.
Close upon the revolt of the Apa
lache Indians came in quick succes
sion raids from the English colonies
of Georgia and Carolina. The first
raid was headed by Governor Moore,
of Carolina, who, in cooperation with
Col. Daniels, made an attack on St.
Augustine. Foiled in their attempt
to take the fort they retreated af-
Arnong the-discouraging reports of
the sad condition of affairs in Florida,
it is a relief to read the glowing
tribute which the Spanish Governor
pays to Bishop Tejada. He shows
that if the Bishop’s efforts during the
stay of ten years in Florida had
met with little success, it was duo to
circumstances entirely beyond his
control. The money, for instance, that
had been appropriated by the Span
ish government for the rebuilding
of the Churches destroyed during the
raid was diverted to other purposes,
and all that the Bishop could do
was to repair the chapel he had been
using all the while as a temporary
Church.
The Chapel and the residence of the
Bishop, stood on the identical spot
where we see today Trinity Episco
pal Church.
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The years which followed saw no
betterment in the state of the mis- _
sions, so that the Catholic Indians i
who at one time numbered 30,000, j
were reduced to a few hundred.
The following remark will explain
how it became possible fer the Fran
ciscans to establish their many mis
sions far away from St. Augustine.
For the safety of vessels that sailed
along'the coast lighthouses had been
erected rt various points from St.
Helena, on Cumberland Island, to the
southern end of the peninsula and to
the west, at St. Mark’s. These light
houses were protected by military
posts. Close by were the Indian mis
sions. In 1639 We learn that vessels
for the first time coasted around
Florida, namely from St. Augustine
to the keys, south, thence to St.
Mark's. Between the latter place and
St. Augustine there existed also in
land communicatioiis. It was with a
view to keep these open that forts
had been built on the banks of the
St Johns River to the east and west,
at a point called Picolata, fourteen
miles west of St. Augustine.
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! Cardinal Gibbons’
Physician Is Dead
i
(By N. C. W. C. News Service)
BALTIMORE, Md. — Dr. Charles
O’Donovan, who was personal phy
sician to James Cardinal Gibbons and
was the last layman to see His Emi
nence alive, .died at the Bon Decours
Hospitals, here. He was 69.
Dr. O’Donovan who was a brother
of the Rev. Louis O’Donovan, pastor
of St. Martin’s church, here, was a
j graduate of Georgetown University
and the University of Maryland and
had practiced medicine in this city for
more than 50 years. In 1910, he head
ed the Medical and Chirurgical
Faculty of Maryland, and for many
year ago he was a trustees of the
of St. Joseph’s Hospital. Until a
year ago hew as a trustee of the
Cathedral. I£e was also active in the
Knights of Columbia and at the time
of his death, was vice-president of
the Oliver Hibernian Society.
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Condensed Statement, December 31, 1930
RESOURCES
Loans and Discounts $ 299,992.17
Overdrafts 194.98
Banking House, Furniture and Fixtures... 74,302.31
Other Real Estate 12,345.69
Other Resources 5,028.36
Liquid Assets:
U. S. Government Bonds... ..$500,479.98
County and Municipal Bonds. .56,579.50
School Bonds and Notes.... 35,000.00
Loans Secured by N. Y. Stock
Exchange Collateral 150,000.00
Cash on hand and due from
Banks 325,630.21 1,067,689.69
Total $1,459,553.20
LIABILITIES
Capital Stock $ 50,000.00
Surplus and Undivided Profits 57,347.61
Deposits 1,352,205.59
Total $1,459,553.20
OFFICERS:
C. D. DYAL. President
J. A. CLARK. Vice-President
B. P. CORDELL. Cashier
J. W. CORDELL, Assistant Cashier
DIRECTORS;
J. A. CLARK
C. D . DYAL
B. B. BAGGETT
L. H. THOMPSON
JOHN R. PARKINSON
B. P, CORDELL