Below is the OCR text representation for this newspapers page.

6 selves, as it were, began to settle on the summit, and to melt away amid the foliage—a most striking and pic turesque appearance. The mutter ing thunder, sounding as a voice from beneath, and the lightning, flashing furiously about the summit, and pros ducing gaps in tbedescending clouds, made one feel that the mountain was on fire. Though we fail to picture the scene, we never can forget it. Our next visit was to the Gold Mines, where wo observed the pro cess of obtaining gold. We cannot enter into any particulars, but mere ly say to your readers that this pro cess is a most interesting and instruc tive one. Then to Nacoochee Valley we went; ascended the mound erect ed to the memory of tho Indian girl, Nacoochee, about whom a beautiful legend is told, and obtained a view of the entiro valley. Beautiful, in* deed is this vale, stretching itsolf some five miles in length, and destin ed to be a “garden spot” of the South. Many improvements are be ing made there, and several nice res idences have already been built. We had no “sunset glory upon the dis tant hills” to add beauty to tho scene, but as we stool on the mound of Na coochee, and looked upon the pic ture, with the waters of the Chatta hoochee murmuring a requiem to the ashes of her who slept beneath us with her lover, our heart boat strangely sad, we knew not how or why. Tallalah Falls next formed our destined end, and thither we di rected our way. llow shall we, how dare we, attempt in this brief sketch, to picture Tallulah, which, by far abler pens, has been described. For some distance up and down the Tals lulah river, numerous falls occur, some large, some small; at some, the water pours over the rocks per pendicularly, at others, obliquely.— There are four falls, we believe, which have names significant of emo tions which they inspire. Having no guide, we did not learn the different ones ; we felt, however, only as Tal lulah can make one feel. We stood on “ Devil’s Pulpit,” a huge mass of rock jutting out over a precipice of some 1500 or 1700 feet, watched the wildly rushing waters beneath us, listened to their roar, realized the terror of the scene, and felt as we had never felt before. An almost uncontrollable tendency to plunge into the awful abyss seized upon us, and as helpless as a child, we grasp ed with all our energy a small tree, that such a fate might net befall us. How terrible ! We were not fright ened, but overpowered by the sub limity, grandeur, and terror of the view. A strange principle that, which, on such occasions causes one to feel like leaping into utter ruin.— We descended the height at four dis ferent places, and approached the ri- THE GEORGIA COLLEGIAN. ver’s brink. Once on a rock we sat and for a while gazed on the madly rushing torrents. The longer we looked, the more force and terror did the waters seem to acquire, until at length we fancied ourselves moving furiously away with the rushing tide. Unconsciously we turned our eyes upward, and smiled to find ourselves shrinking back from the fearful rocky height of 1700 feet, frowning down upon us. We never in our lives, be held a sight so terribly sublime.— Such words as we can use, but mock the scene ; nothing short of a realiza tion of what we felt, could approxi mate it. We next visited Toccoa, but could not proporly appreciate its beauty after we had seen Tallulah. Not be cause Tallulah possesses so much beauty—for it is only when the ter<- rible is forgotten that the beautiful appears. At Toccoa, all is beautiful, as the name indicates ; the water of a small creek pours over a perpendi cular height about 187 feet, or rather the water first strikes a ledge of rock with a descent of about eight feet, and then falls in sprays upon rocks beneath. Numerous rainbows are seen amid the falling sprays, present ing a most beautiful and striking ap pearance. Both from above and be neath the FaH, the prospect is charm ing, perfectly so. From this imper fect sketch, but a faint idea of the Fulls and Mountains can be obtained. We earnestly advise all our friends, especially the students, to let no op portunity of visiting them pass un improved ; many other places of ins terest, some in North Carolina and Tennessee, might have been visited, but for want of time. On our way back to Athens, we stopped at tho Madison Springs, where we were de lighted to find a number of lady and gentlemen friends, and where we spent several pleasant, happy days. And now, dear Collegian', vacation :s over, and another year with its re sponsibilities spreads itself before us. Improved in health and spirits by recreation and rest, and nervtfd for our duties by a consciousness of what we ought to be, wo trust that Heaven wiil smile upon us. and success meet our every effort. Yours truly, Now and Then. Original Lines WRITTEN FOR THE COLESGIAN, When twilight throws her curfcini grey, O’er all the landscape round ff- I wander forth beneath the oafs, In solitude profound. - "'T And then to Him, who rules ia love, I all my sorrows tell; 0 ! soothing then the Spirit’* “To thee shall all be well.” 4* . Yes, O ! Yes, “ shall all be For faith and hope are strong,; - And in this world of change apd gloom But few can linger long. ? OBSCURA. ♦ jr ...A literary man in Boston is so short that when he is ill he does not know whether ho Jias headache or corns. gust aafl J&imff. Artificial Production of Cold. BY PROF. W L. BROUN. Uunfortunately, th le excellent -arti ole by Pro! Broun* on the. Artificial Production of Cold, was not all pub lished together. As it is worthy of being read and re read, we republish it and annex the pait omitted ios/a preceding issue. . / When the thermometer is ranging at 90°F. in the shade, we may derive at least an imaginary comfort from reviewing the various methods of dis minißhing, artificially, the tempera ture, if we do not thereby absolutely effect the reduction. It is a law of physics, that all bo dies in passing from a solid to a li quid state, absorb heat. This heat becomes latent; that is, it does not sensibly raise the temperature of the body into which it enters. We have a familiar instance of this in tho or dinary freezing mixture of pounded ice and salt intimately mixed and placed around the substance to be frozen. Each solid here used, ice and salt, is changed to a liquid, and con sequently heat is absorbsd from itself and the bodies surrounding, and the temperature greatly reduced. Indeed by this method, Farenheit obtained that temperature which is marked Zero on his scale. If you mix one pound of ice at a temperature of 32° and one pound of water at 174°, when the ice is melted the temperature of the two pounds will not be the arithmetical mean 103°, but will be only 32°—the same temperature as the ice before it melt ed. The water, in the experiment, loses 142° of heat. This is called the latent heat of water. It requires that much heat to change a pound of ice at 32° to a pound of water at 32°. But heat cannot be lost without do ing work ; and the work done in this can, according to the dynamical the ory of heat, is wholly molecular ; that is, it has so changed the position of the molecules as to render each par ticle free to obey whatever forces act on it. At least this is the conception to account for the work done by tho heat that is apparently lost. All- substances used as freezing mixtures, must be of that nature to remain liquid at a temperature much below that at which they solidify when, pure. It is well known that saltpetre and common salt added to three times their weight of water, will depress the temperature of the solution about 40"; and equal parts of carbonate of soda, nitrate of am monia and water, will produce a still greater depression. Many other freezing mixtures are known, by some of which even mercury may be fro zen, and even still greater cool pro duced. Now, as a certain amount of heat is absorbed when a bod} 7 passes from a solid to a liquid state, we find a'far greater amount is absorbed wben a body passes from a liquid to a vapor. Here again, according to the inter changeableness of beat and woik, it is said the heat is consumed in shak ing apart the molecules of the liquid, and in maintaining them at their ins distances from each other.— But we are not so much concerned now with theory as with a simple ex position of facts Everybody knows thift if the hand be moistened with water and held in tho wind, a sensas tsn of coid is produced ; but if alco«* nol or ether is used, the cold may even become painful; and every bo *dy knows that the cause of this cold is due to tho evaporation of these li quids into vapor. If it takes 180° of beat to raise water from 32° to 212°, it will take about 1000° to convert all this boiling water into steam, and yet the vapor or steam will not indi cate a temperature greater than that of boiling water. Here then, is another means of producing cold ar tificially, by evaporation. It is very well known, that shallow vessels are often exposed in the hot climate of India, and when the nights are clear the cold produced by the evapo ration of the water is so great that ice is formed in the shallow vessels of water. To the two methods of producing cold artificially, viz : liquefaction and evaporation, that wo have mention ed, there may be added a third, that of dilatation. If air is compressed and allowed to expand suddenly, a considerable reduction of tempera ture results. This was well illustra ted in a hydraulic machine at Chem nitz, in Saxony, in which air was highly compressed by a closed col umn of water. If a stop cock com municating with the compressed air was opened, the expanding air rush-* ing out, produced a degree of cold sufficient to freeze water into fillets of ice. To take advantage of any of these methods for producing cold, and apply them to useful purposes on a large scale, is not a simple problem. It is a well known lecture-room experiment to freeze water by the cold produced by evaporation, by placing a small arqount of water un der the receiver of an air pump and then producing a rapid exhaustion by the pump, having also present a ves sel of strong sulphuric acid to absorb the vapor of water as soon as formed. But by this method, generally not more than a tablcspoonful of water is frozen, and in this manner it plain ly could not be applied to useful pur poses. et the principle involved in this experiment, is that adopted in the Sulphuric Acid apparatus of Mons. E. Carre, of Paris. This ap paratus, designed for producing cold, has, in connection with a a powerful