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The Church And Politics Following is part one of a two-part translation of an ad dress on “The Church and Politics” made to newspapermen at the Vatican Secretariat of State on November 9 by Msgr. Igino Cardinale, Chief of Protocol. Msgr. Cardinale says that when overriding spiritual or moral questions are at stake in the political sphere or when a group of nations “unanimously” seek the good offices of the Holy See as med iator, the Vatican is bound to enter the area of temporal politics always maintaining a nonpartisan attitude. Church and State are both perfect societies, thus sover eign in their own order. The subject of common interest, or, we may say, of the “materia circa quam” (matter about which) their respective sover eignty is exercised, requires among them harmony and co operation, so that each indi vidual citizen may freely find in the Church the means to achieve his final supernatural end, which is the sanctification and salvation of the soul. It also requires that the citizen have every necessary aid in the civil society, so that he may achieve his final aim: the de velopment of his personality in the peacefulness and wellbeing which it is the duty of the State to promote in all realms of social life. Since the Church is a visi ble society, whose life is nec essarily tied to the physical manner of being and to the con ditions of space and time in which man lives, its action must envelop the life of the faith ful singly. But it also makes a mark in the history of all humanity, whose members are more or less influenced by it. The salutary influence of the Church over international po licies is thus determined. We plan this evening to study in simple and precise terms nature of such influence, the way in which it is effected and the goal proposed so that Ca tholics may live their Faith calmly and peacefully and the Church may furnish to the state the solid support that she gives wherever she is permitted free ly to unfold her powers. The Church, as shown by even a bird’s eye view of the his tory of civilization, has never been entirely extraneous to the field of international politics. Her action has had influence in different ways in the life of peoples according to the ever- changing physiognomy of the restless course of the history of civilization. Having risen out of hiding and persecution as conqueror of the Roman genius, the Church authoritatively directs the fates of civilized peoples up to the formation of the various nations. She faced Roman and Greek emperors, German and Slavic kings, absolute and limited monarchies, republics and dic tatorships , and even anarchy, until—with the modern pro gress of democratic ideas--she found the way to make her voice known and her directives appre ciated through the legitimate participation of her children in the activity of the various po litical and social organiza tions of the state. RELATIONS OF POLITICS TO ETHICS, RELIGION The operating presence of the Church in the temporal sphere is inspired by some basic prin ciples, the understanding of which projects a clean-cut light over its activity in the poli tical field. In order that this be truly beneficial, it must in fact be based on a sound philosophic theological and juridical equili brium that, while respecting the autonomy of the civil power, includes a just hierarchy of val ues in which the material is subordinated to the spiritual, and the temporal to the eternal. To understand the extent of such activity, it is necessary to return to certain concepts which FOB IMMEDIATE RELEASE NATIONAL LEGION OF DECENCY 453 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK 22, N. Y. — RIGHT REV. MSGR. THOMAS F. LITTLE. S.T.L. Executive Secretary REV. PATRICK J. SULLIVAN, S.J., S.T.D. Assistant Executive Secretary MRS. JAMES F. LOORAM, L.H.D. Chairman, Motion Picture Department, I. F. C. A. A moral estimate of current entertainment feature motion pictures prepared under the direction of the New York Office of the National Lemon of Decency with the co-operation of the Motion Picture Department of the International Federa tion of Catholic Alumnae. CLASS A —Section I —Morally Unobjectionable for General Patronage Honeymoon Machine—MGM Air Patrol—Fox Alakjuam, The Great—Am. Inti. Almost Angels—Buena Vista Bashful Elephant—AA Beauty and the Beast—UA Best of Enemies—Col. Big Red—Buena Vista Big Wave—AA Bon Voyage—Buena Vista Boy Who Caught a Crook (Was: Boy Who Found *100,000)—UA Capture That Capsule—UA Cash On Demand—Col. Cinderella (Russ.)—Janus Coming Out Party (Br.)—Union Constantine and the Cross—Embassy Dalton Who Got Away—Dalton Damon and Pythias—MGM Damn the Defiant (Br.)—Col. Day Mars Invaded the Earth—Fox Dentist in the Chair, A (Br.)—Ajay Film Co. Escape from East Berlin—MGM Five Weeks in a Balloon—Fox Flight That Disappeared—UA Follow That Dream—UA Francis of Assisi—Fox Gay Purree—War. Gigot—Fox Great Van Robbery—UA Harold Lloyd’s World of Comedy—Continental Hatari—Para. Heroes Island—UA Hey, Let’s Twist—Para. In Search of the Castaways—Buena Vista Invasion of the Star Creatures—Am, Inti. Invasion Quartet—MGM Island, The (Jap.)—Zenith It’s Only Money—Para. Jack the Giant Killer—UA Jpseph and His Brethern—(Ital.)—Colorama t Jumbo—MGM Kill or Cure—(Br.)—MGM Land We Love—UA Legend of Lobo—Buena Vista Longest Day, The—Fox Make Way for Lila—Parade Releasing Marco Polo—Am. Inti. Merrill's Marauders—War. Modern Times—United Artists Moon Pilot—Buena Vista Mothra—Col Mr. Hobbs Takes a Vacation—MGM Music Man—War. My Six Loves—Para. Mysterious Island—Col. Mystery Submarine—U-I Nearly a Nasty Accident—U-I Nikki, Wild Dog of the North—Buena Vista No Man Is An Island—U-I Password Is Courage—MGM Phantom of the Opera—U-I Phantom Planet—Am. Inti. Pied Piper of Hamelin—Prod. Unlimited Pirates of Tortuga—Fox Prisoner of the Iron Mask—Am. Inti. Purple Hills—Fox CLASS A — Section II — Morally Unobjectionable for All Night Long—Colorama Antigone (Greek)—Ellis Films Atlantis, the Lost Continent—MGM’ Barabbas—Col. Belle Sommers—Col. Beyond All Limits—Pathe-Am Big Money—UA Billy Budd—AA Birdmen of Alcatraz—UA Bridge to the Sun—MGM Brushfire—Para. Burn, Witch, Burn—Am. Inti. Burning Nights—UA Cat Burglar—UA Convicts 4 (was Reprieve)—AA Court Martial (Ger.)—UA. Cow and I, The (Fr.)—Zenith Inti. Days of Wine and Roses—War. Devi (Ind.)—Harrison Devil at 4 O’clock—Col. (Ind.) Don’t Knock the Twist—Col. Dr. Blood’s Coffin—UA Electra—UA Escape From Zahrain—Para. Everybody Go Home (Ital.)—Davis-Royal Experiment In Terror—Col. Fear No More—Pathe-America Five Finger Exercise—Col. Flame in the Streets (Br.)—Atlantic CLASS A- Ada—MGM Adventures of a Young Man—Fox All Fall Down—MGM And the Wild, Wild Women (Ital.)—Trai Lux Armored Command—AA Baltic Express (Pol.)—Telepix Corp. Battle of Stalingrad (Swed.)—Trans-Lux Boys Night Out—MGM Breakfast At Tiffany’s—Para. Cape Fear—U-I Claudelle Inglish—War. Children’s Hour—UA Come September—U-I Counterfeit Traitor—Para. Couch, The—War. •Crime Does Not Pay (Fr.)—Embassy Critic’s Choice—War. Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse—MGM Great War, The—Lopert Hitler—AA Horror Chamber of Dr. Faustus—UA Horror Hotel—Trans-Lux Hustler, The—Fox If a Man Answers—U-I Follow That Man—UA 40 Pounds of Trouble—U-I Frantic (Fr.)—Times Film Corp. Geronimo—UA Girls, Girls, Girls—Para. Guns of Darkness—War. Hand of Death—Fox Hands of a Stranger—AA Hell Is For Heroes—Para. Hellions, The—Col. Horizontal Lieutenant—MGM Kid Galahad—UA Lawrence of Arabia—Col. Lion, The—Fox Lisa—Fox Lonely Are the Brave—U-I Long Absence (Fr.)—Commercial Pictures Loves of Salammbo—Fox Man Who Died Twice—Rep. Man Who Shot Liberty Valance—Para. Manster—UA Matter of Who (Br.)—Cardinal Mighty Ursus—UA Miracle Worker—UA Mutiny On the Bounty—MGM Naked Edge—UA Night Creatures—U-I Pirates of Blood River—Col. Pit and the Pendulum—Am. Inti. Playboy of the Western World—(Br.)—Janus • Section III — Morally Unobjection PREVIOUSLY REVIEWED I Like Money—Fox Information Received (Br.)—U-I Interns—Col. 1 Thank a Fool—MGM Last Year At Marienbad (Fr.)—Astor Lovers of Teruel—(Fr.)—Continental Manchurian Candidate—UA Married Too Young—Headliner Money, Money, Money (Fr.)—Times Film Corp. Murder, Inc.—Fox Notorious Landlady*—Col. On Any Street (was: La Notte Brava) (Ital.) —Miller One Plus One—Selected Pics. Only Two Can Play (Br.)—Col. Panic in Your Zero—Am. Inti. Period of Adjustment—MGM Pigeon That Took Rome—Para. Rebel with a Cause (was: Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner) (Br.)—Continental Ride the High Country—MGM Rider On a Dead Horse—AA Rocco and His Brothers (Ital.)—Astor Rome Adventure—War. Satan Never Sleeps—Fox Queen of the Pirates—Col. Reluctant Saint—Col. Ring a Ding Rhythm—Col. Road to Hong Kong—UA Runaway—Arpix Safe At Home—Col. Search for Paradise—Stanley Warner Sergeant Was a Lady—U-I Sergeants 3—UA Snake Woman—UA Story of the Count of Monte Cristo—War. Stowaway in the Sky—UA Swinging Along—Fox Swordsman of Siena—MGM Tarzan Goes to India—MGM Teenage Millionaire—UA Thief of Baghdad—MGM 300 Spartans—Fox Three Stooges in Orbit—Col. Three Stooges Meet Hercules—Col. Town Like Alice, A (Br.)—Rank Trojan Horse (Ital.)—Colorama Underwater City—Col. Valley of the Dragons—Col. Voyage to ftid Bottom of the Sea—Fox We’ll Bury You—Col. When the Clock Strikes—UA Wild Westerners—Col. Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm— MGM You Have to Run Fast—UA Young Guns of Texas—Fox Zotz—Col. Adults and Adolescents Premature Burial—Am. Inti. Requiem for a Heavyweight—Col. Samson and the Seven Miracles of the World Am. Inti. Sardonicus—Col. Savage Guns—MGM Scream of Fear—Col. Secret of Deep Harbor—UA Shame of the Sabine Women (Ital.)—U.P.R.C. Six Black Horses—U-I Spiral Road—U-I Stagecoach to Dancer’s Rock—U-I State Fair—Fox Sword of the Conqueror—UA 13 West Street—Col. Tales of Terror—Am. Inti. Taras Bulba—UA Third of a Man—UA Trunk, The—Col. Twenty Plus Two—AA Twist All Night—Am. Inti. Two Tickets To Paris—Col. Valiant—UA Virgins of Rome (Ital.)—UA War Hunt—UA Weekend With Lulu—fob World In My Pocket—MGM Young Doctors—UA Young Ones—Para. able for Agj^lts Arturo’s Island—(Ital.)—MGM Bachelor Flat—Fox Back Street—U-I Bloody Brood, The—Pathe-Am. Brain That Wouldn’t Die—Am. Inti. Cabinet of Caligari—Fox Candide—(Fr.)—Union Films Chapman Report—War. Concrete Jungle—Fanfare Confession of An Opium Eater—AA Day the Earth Caught Fire—U-I ♦Diamond Head—Col. Doctor In Love—Rank Dr. No—UA Explosive Generation—UA Firebrand, The—Fox Five Minutes To Live—Pathe-Am. Force of Impulse—Pathe-America Frightened City, The—AA Girl Named Tamiko, A—Para. Goodbye Again—UA Guns of the Black Witch—Am. Intal Gypsy—War. Head, The—Trans-Lux CLASS B—— Morally Objectionable in Part House of Fright (was: Two Faces of Dr. Jckyll)—Amer. Inti. House of Women—War. It Happened In Athens—Fox Jessica—UA Joker, The (Fr.)—Lopert Journey to the Seventh Planet—Am. Inti. Kind of Loving, A (Br.)—Governor La Viaccia (Ital.)—Embassy Leda (Fr.)*—Times Lover, Come Back—U-I Lovers On a Tightrope (Fr.)—Interworld Madame—(Ital.)—Embassy Man Trap—Para. Marines Let’s Go—Fox Mark, The (Irish)—Continental Mary Had a Little (Br.)—Lopert Maxine (Fr.)—Interworld Mongols—Colorama Night of Evil—Pathe-Am. Nights of Rasputin (Ital.)—Premiere No Exit—(Fr.)—Zenith Inti. No Love for Johnny (Br.)—Embassy Paris Blues—UA Passion of Slow Fire (Fr.)—Trans-Lux And God Created Woman (Fr.)—Kingsley Baby Doll—War. Bed of Grass (Greek)—Trans-Lux Bell’Antonio (Ital.)—Embassy Films Boccaccio 70 (Ital.)—Embassy Breathless (Fr.)—Films Around World Cold Wind In August—Aidart Come Dance With Me (Fr.)—Kingsley-Intl. During One Night (Br.)—Astor Expresso Bongo (Br.)—Continental Five Day Lover (Fr.)—Kingsley- Inti. Girl With the Golden Eyes (Fr.)—Union Films Green Carnation (was: Trials of Oscar Wilde) (Br.)—Warwick Films Green Mare (Fr.)—Zenith Heroes and Sinners (Fr.)—Janus I Am a Camera—DCA I Love, You Love (Ital.)—Davis-Royal Joan of the Angels?—Polish-Telepix Jules and Jim (Fr.)—Janus L’Avventura (Ital.)—Janus La Notte (Night) (Ital.)—Lopert SEPARATE CLASSIFICATION (A Separate Classification is given to certain films which, while not morally offensive in themselves, as a protection to the uninformed against wrong interpretations and false conclusions.) CLASS C — Condemned Lady Chatterley s Lover (Fr.)—Kingsley f.es Liaisons Dangereuses (Fr.)—Astor Pic tures, Inc. Liane, Jungle Goddess—DCA Love Game (Fr.)—Films Around World Love is My Profession (Fr.)—Kingsley-Intl. Lovers, The (Fr.)—Zenith Mademoiselle Striptease (Fr.)—DCA Magdalena (Ger.)—Buhawk Maid in Paris (Fr.)—Bellon-Foulke Mating Urge—Citation Miller’s Beautiful Wife (Ital.)—DCA Mitsou (Fr.)—Zenith Inti. Mom and Dad (Sideroad)—Hallmark Prod. Moon Is Blue, The—UA Never On Sunday (Greek)—Lopert Nude Odyssey, The (Ital.)—Davis-Royal Odd Obsession (Jap.)—Harrison Oscar Wilde (Br.)—Four City Enterprises Passionate Summer (Fr.-Ital.)—Kingsley Phaedra (Gk.)—Lopert Adam and Eve (Mex.)—Wm. Horne Advise and Consent—Col. Anatomy of a Murder—Col Case of Dr. Laurent (Fr.)—Trans-Lux Circle of Deception—Fox Cleo from S to 7 (Fr.)—Zenith Crowning Experience—MRA •Divorce, Italian Style (Ital.)—Embassy Freud—U-I Girl of the Night—War. Important Man (Mexican)—Lopert Intruder—Pathe-Am. King of Kings—MGM La Dolce Vita (Ital.)—Astor Pictures, Inc. Lolita—Seven Arts Long Day’s Journey Into Night—Embassy Martin Luther—de Rochemont Never Take Candy From a Stranger—Omar Corp. Season of Passion—UA Secrets of Nazi Criminals (Swed.)—Trans-Lux Summer and Smoke—Para. Sundays and Cybele (Fr.)—Davis-Royal Susan Slade—War. Sweet Bird of Youth—MGM Taste of Honey—Continental Tender Is the Night—Fox Term of Trial—War. Three On a Spree—UA Through a Glass Darkly (Swed.)—Janus Thunder of Drums—MGM To Kill a Mockingbird—U-I Tower of London—UA Town Without Pity—UA Trial and Error—MGM Two for the Seesaw—UA Two Women (Ital.)—Embassy View From the Bridge—Continental •Warriors Five—Am. Inti. West Side Story—UA Whatever Happened to Baby Jane?—War. * Where the Truth Lies (Fr.)—Para. Who’s Got the Action—Para. Wolf Larsen—AA Yojimbo—(Jap.)—Seneca Inti. for All Payroll—AA Peeping Tom—Astor Private Lives of Adam and Eve—U-I Purple Noon (Fr.)—Times Shoot the Piano Player (Fr.)—Astor Siege of Syracuse—Para. Sodom and Gomorrah—Fox Splendor in the Grass—War. Summerskin—Angel Tartars—MGM Telltale Heart—Brigadier That Touch of Mink—U-I Tomorrow Is My Turn (Fr.)—Showcorp. Too Late Blues—Para. Two Weeks in Another Town—MGM Vampire and the Ballerina—UA Very Private Affair—MGM Waltz of the Toreadors (Br.)—Continental War Lover, The—Col. White Slave Ship—Am. Inti. Wild Harvest—Pathe-Am. Wonders of Aladdin—MGM World by Night—War. Port of Desire—Union Pot Bouille (Lovers of Paris) (Fr.)— Continental Prime Time—Essanjay Films, Inc. Private Property—Citation Question of Adultery—NTA Saturday Night and Sunday Morning (Br.)— Continental Savage Eye—Trans-Lux-Kingsley Inti. Seven Capital Sins (Fr.)—Embassy Sins of Mona Kent—Astor Smiles of a Summer Night (Swedish)—Rank Tales of Paris (Fr.)—Times Films Temptation (Fr.-Ital.)—Shelton Third Sex (Ger.)—D. & F. Dist. Too Young, Too Immoral—Rialto Inti. Trials of Oscar Wilde (Br.)—Warwick Films Truth, The (La Veriti) (Fr.)—Kingsley Inti. Viridiana (Sp.)—Kingsley Inti. Wasted Lives and The Birth of Twins— K. Gordon Murray Production require caution and some analysis and explanation Pressure Point—UA Sky Above and the Mud Below, The (Fr.)— Embassy Storm Center—Col. Strangers in the City—Embassy Suddenly, Last Summer—Col. Too Young to Love—Arthur-Go Pictures, Inc. Victim (Br.)—Pathe-America Walk On the Wild Side—Col. according to Catholic doctrine, regulate the relationship be tween politics and morals, and politics and religion. Politics, for our purpose, may be difined as the science and art of directing affairs of public interest, considered chiefly from a temporal view point. Politics thus includes ail aspects of civil life in its var ious sectors. Over these it exercises a power of coordi nation and subordination of par ticular aims to the ultimate gen eral aim of the state. In the Greek world, the po litical sphere was bounded by the “polis”, from which there derived the concept of the state. Today the state is attracted by a new form of existence, based on international collaboration. Thus the limits of science and political art have extended to quite a wider field, associa ting the various states of the basis on common principles, interests and aspirations. POLITICS AND ETHICS The ancient theocratic con cept of the state considered the political norm in the govern ment of public life as supreme. The “polis,” conceived as ab solute, absorbed ethics and tended to deify the state. Thus political interest was the only one that had any value. Only that which would be suitable to it was considered moral. Plato believed the political aim of the state absorbed any other individual and political aim: an independent ethical system was not possible. Hegelian im- manentism identifies politics and ethics, considering the state as the concrete reality of the ethical ideal. In the Marxist ' concept of the state, the norm of public and private action is placed in relation to the triumph of the communist revolution, in which economic reality is su preme. Thus there do not exist well defined principles of mor ality. On the other hand, empiri cists and positivists consider politics as empirical know ledge of historical facts. They observe the various laws that govern history, though exclud ing higher syntheses, while re stricting the sphere of their considerations to a political naturalism. Politics and ethics are to them two parallels that never meet. Machiavelli was one of the principal supporters of a similar doctrine. His was substantially adopted, with some variations, by Charles Maurras, whose teachings on the relationships between poli tics, morals and religion were condemned by Pius XI in 1927. Such theories are condemned by Catholic doctrine which seeks to defend the basic rights of man. An individual enters into social life not to be absorbed or annihilated, but better to a- chieve his transcendental aims to which community life is sub ordinated as a means necessary to the end. The dignity of the human person cannot be sacrificed to the “raison d’etat,” but must find in the state the natural defense of right and order. This is based on the concept of good and evil. Politics and ethics un doubtedly are distinct, though not separated. The first is sub ordinate to the second, because ethics embraces a much •broader field and belongs to a much higher and nobler plane. In fact, the specific object of ethics includes the free actions of man, tending to the achieve ment of his ideal goals which also include his future well being according to absolute, universal and eternal laws. The purpose of the state is to promote the well-being and the perfection of the social body according to the general good. Now, the concept of the general good includes not only material satisfactions, but also moral and spiritual well-being; the at tainment and preservation of the individual right to life, to free dom, to property, to associa tion to reputation, to prosperity, and to social, moral and spirit ual security. RELATIONS BETWEEN POLITICS AND RELIGION Politics, in establishing its authority, must consider the moral beliefs of the citizens.In circumstances of anarchy, po litical constraint would have no power, because the very mean ing of anarchy implies absence of law and of authority and a resistance to these. The distinction between good and evil is dictated by morals. However, morals presuppose a law and an eternal sanction, a Legislator and a supreme Judge, in the absence of which man would not willingly place himself under the authority of another man. Some thinkers, like Hobbes, Locke, Grotius, Rousseau and Pufendorf, have made efforts to devise a system of submis sion of man to man based on the naturalistic basis of a free initial social contract. But all of us know that, even if in practice man may submit him self because he is driven by| interest and violence, only the religious concept that is his as to authority, will, in the final analysis, persuade his mind and move his will to submit him self to another man. Ethical motives, detached from religion, can induce man to obey. His assent, however, will not be sufficiently moti vated and in conformity with human dignity, because religion alone can speak to man the language of the absolute and categorical imperative, that binds his intimate conscience. Politics, therefore, cannot be separated from religion: The two are already clearly dis tinguished from each other as the specific orders to which each of them belongs are dis tinct. However, they neither op pose one another nor become confused with one another, since their common object is the hu man person, and it is precisely in the interest of the state to respect the limits of this dis tinction and the pre-eminence of religion. There is in truth an intrinsic relationship between religion and the well-being of the state. Religion is the strongest bond of unity, the most effective sanction of legitimate author ity: It moves citizens to be good, it protects family life, in sures peace and justice in so ciety; it controls the abuse of authority in those who lead. Politics without religion and God, as Spinoza observes, can only bring about that which man truly does not wish to achieve, while it nourishes dispute, ha tred, ire and everything that excites instinct. Religion and all of its spiri tual values represent, there fore the most solid guarantee of the political order. It thus clearly appears that the conduct of society depends basically upon its religious con victions and that there exists very close relationships be tween politics and religion. On their harmonious collaboration depends in great part the wel fare of the state. THE PAPACY AND POLITICS It is obvious from the fore going that the papacy cannot stand altogether apart from the field of politics, since the mis sion divinely assigned to it is the defense of the eternal val ues of morals and of religion, related to all aspects of pri vate and public life. It is a very grave duty of the pope to point out the direction to be taken in order that human, indi vidual and social actions may conform to the supreme and unchanging principles of faith and morals. Nevertheless, political acti vity pertains to the pope only in an analogous sense. Strict ly speaking, the Church does not interest itself in politics, since she is ordained toward a trans cendental goal placed over and above the human and temporal sphere, and essentially attain able only through special spiri tual means, such as the sacra ments and other supernatural means that aid the human per son in his effort to achieve his supreme end. But the Church is also a visi ble society, organized, perfect, that pursues concrete social aims also in the temporal field insofar as they are ordained to the spiritual objective, such as the protection of Church prop erty, freedom of organization and activity of Catholic associa tions. She also makes use of some political means, such as diplomacy and treaties with the secular governments, parti cipation in international organi zations, public opinion and pub lie protests. Since the Church carries out her mission in this world, and her subjects are at the same time members of the religious society founded by Christ and citizens of the state, it is nec essary that the Church take into consideration the effectiveness of legitimate and pracitcal means to influence concrete reality, and thus make use of proper temporal aids to achieve more easily her spiritual aims Therefore, the collaboration of the Church with the state is necessary also in the political field. When You Think of Building, Think Of CONSTRUCTION COMPANY 140 Abarcarn Strwt SAVANNAH, OCOCOIA MUCe J. MMIH Pr.cl4.nt Sut. Ption. 234-3123 *m. Phon. EL 5-1224 SPEAKER TELLS YOUTH- (Continued from Page 1) could to harrass the Bishop when he travelled to a small vil lage to Confirm. Arriving at a railroad station some miles distant from the town he found that further transportation had been denied him. But the men of the village met him and all walked to town. The local Com munist militia threatened to ‘get’ the Bishop, and the men, fearful for his safety formed a cordon around the rectory, telling the Reds, * You can take us, but not our Bishop. “So fearful were the Com munists of religion and the Apostolic activity of Bishop Ce- jkada, that they even invaded the Church at the Mass pre ceding Confirmation. They talk ed, laughed, smoked, seeking to arouse the people and to show their contempt for the Church and the Fath. Bishop Cekada pleaded with the inces- ed people to do nothing which might create an incident. After the ceremonies, the militia men made their way toward the rectory, and there was a scuffle between them and the devoted townspeople. When the pushing and shoving was over the captain of the mil itia lay on the ground while a sixteen year old girl pointed a gun at him and said, “Kill me, but do not harm our Bishop.” “Those people had what is so sorely needed in the world today - the deep Faith and the devotion to Christ’s Church that can literally change the world. “You have it, too;” he said. "All that remains is for you to stir t up the Grace of God that is in you, and, in the spirit of devotion and loyalty to the Bish op God has given you, to become in fact, strong and perfect Christians and soldiers of Je sus Christ.” Father McDonough is a bro ther of the Most Reverend Tho mas J. McDonough, Bishop of Savannah. The convention was held under the auspices of Bish op McDonough, and hosted by the Rt. Rev. Msgr. Daniel J. Bourke V.F., pastor of St. Mary’s-on- the-Hill, and Augusta Deanery moderator of Catholic Youth. Hospitality and Convention preparations were under the di rection of the Rev. Ralph E. Seikel, pastor of St. Patrick’s, Augusta, and Moderator of Aquinas High School. Convention sessions were held at St. Mary’s with the clos ing event, a Communion Break fast and presentation of awards taking place at Aquinas High School Gym. NEW DORMITORY PLANNED CLEVELAND, (NC) - Con struction will begin in the spring of a new $1,860,000 dormitory with accommodations for 400 persons at John Carroll Univer sity here, Father Hugh E. Dunn, S. J., university president, has announced. The dormitory is to be built with a loan from the Federal Community Facilities Administration. Completion is scheduled for the fall of 1964. am 1 jSi) fSSZ j j 1' Johnnie Ganem Steak Ranch ► CHARCOAL BROILED STEAKS - PRIME STEALS j ► DINNERS —LUNCHEON COCKTAILS ► DINNER MUSIC ► j Gaston and Habersham 1 1 AD 3-3032 J PAUL E. THOMPSON Your Complete Food Store 39th and Price Streets FREE DELIVERY Phone AD 4-4489 A A WESTERN MEATS FRUITS, VEGETABLES & FROZEN FOODS Georgia State Savings Bank Savannah's Largest and Oldest Savings Bank BANK BY MAIL SERVICE Member Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Bull 8c York Streets The Southern Cross, January 12, 1963—PAGE 5 NEW FEDERAL (Continued from Page 1) specific subjects, such as science and mathematics. However, the bill died in July, 1961, when the House Rules Committee voted 8 to 7 to kill all major Federal aid bills, for both public and private educa tion. If the measure is revived, it probably will be incorporated into the 1958 National Defense Education Act, which is up for renewal this year. The NDEA , most of whose benefits go to both public and private schools, has a provision for short-term loans to private schools to help them finance the purchase of certain teaching equipment. This program might be expanded to include broader Federal assistance. There will be other propo sals to assist private educa tion, judging by bills introduced in the past. These will include proposals for a flat grant to parents who can spend the money at the school of their choice and for income tax de ductions for educational expen ses. However, the outlook even for hearings on these proposals is dim. The program of parental grants, supported chiefly by the Citizens for Educational Free dom, with national headquarters in St. Louis, presents a rad ical departure in school financ- cing to a tradition-minded Con gress. Income tax deductions face the stiff opposition of the chair men of the House Ways and Means Committee and the Se nate Finance Committee. These chairmen do not want Federal revenue cut, at least without a corresponding cut in Federal spending—which is unlikely. Other issues which may in volve the attention of religious groups include the admini stration’s proposal to close tax loopholes. This effort undoubtedly will mean close looks at deductions made for charitable con tributions and at the operation of tax-exempt organizations, AID both of which will affect reli gious groups. A matter of concern to the social welfare agencies of churches will be legislation to extend more Federal protection to mistreated migrant farm workers, a cause religious groups have advocated for many years. Last year, Congress rejected numerous migrant welfare bills, but did adopt one bill authorizing the government to pay part of the cost of estab lishing and operating family health clinics and some other health programs. Congress also will get bills to amend the First Amendment of the Constitution to permit recitation of prayer in public schools, judging from sentiment evident last year. But it is unlikely any action will be taken on these meas ures until the U. S. Supreme Court rules on Bible-reading in public school classrooms, an issue now before it and one expected to further explain its thoughts on religion and school ing. LIBRARY ASSOCIATION TO MEET APR. 16-19 LOS ANGELES, (NC) - Some 800 delegates from the U. S. and Canada are expected to attend the convention of the Catholic Library Association here from April 16 to 19. “The Library and the Mass Media” will be the theme. James Francis Cardinal Mc Intyre, Archbishop of Los Ange les and honorary chairman of the convention, will offer a Pontifical Mass on April 16, Auxiliary Bishop Timothy Man ning of Los Angeles will preach. MASON INC. AD 2-4192 18-20 W. BRYAN ST. Printing •Office Supplies •Office Furniture •Ditto Duplicating Machines and Supplies We specialize, in SALES - SERVICE - REPAIRS OF GE APPLIANCES Also repair small appliances TV Sets and Stereo Coll—AD 6-8241 CROSSROADS APPLIANCE CENTER Cfatsrw6» ShcwrtA* C«»*ar Tony Alifft, Owner Savannah Radiator Co. AUTO REPAIRS 315 West Bay Street Savannah, Ga. 3(oljnT0. ILourkc Savannah’s Finest Traditional Shop for Men and Young Men 10 W. State St., Savannah, Ga. Savannah’s Four-MOST Restaurants Herb & Jim's •Pirates’ House • Harvest House • Our House • Triple XXX V* Or radiated Vt ta min-T> *• Jlimetteb- Over 40 Years of Dependable Courteous Service SAVANNAH. GEORGIA fattoutm SEAFOOD RESTAURANT Takeout Service Ocean Fresh Seafood 28 00 SKIDAWAY ROAD PHONE EL 4- 543 1 next to victory shopping plaza Savannah’s Only Discount House DIXIE FURNITURE MART "Where All the Irish Trade" 2517 BULL STREET SAVANNAH, GA. PHONE AD 6-8616