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PAGE 4—The Southern Cross, February 16, 1966 The Sales And Use Tax According to figures com piled by the National Education Association in their publica tion, “1960-1970 Financing the Public Schools”, the oer- pupil cost for children in Georgia’s public schools is $245.65. There are in the Diocese of Savannah 9,405 boys and girls who attend Catholic ele mentary and secondary schools. This means that nei ther the State nor any local government within the Diocese has to worry about raising al most two hundred and fifty dollars per year to under write the education of each of these children. In other words, the opera tions of Catholic schools in our diocese effects an annual savings of $2,310,338.25 to the taxpayers of Georgia in per-pupil costs alone. Location and construction costs of Catholic schools rep resents a contribution of many more millions of dollars to the taxpayers of the diocese. In addition, the State treasury is directly enriched by the Catholic schools which, unlike their Public school counterparts, are compelled to pay thousands of dollars annually in the form of the 3% Georgia sales and use tax. The Georgia House of Rep resentatives has passed a bill designed to exempt private, non-profit Colleges and Uni versities from the obligation of paying the same tax. The proposal is certainly commendable in that it offers a measure of relief to edu cational institutions which have, for many years, con tributed heavily to the welfare of our State. It is also a wel come indication that our law makers are at least as con cerned about the plight of some Georgia institutions as they are about enticing in dustry to the State by offer ing them tax inducements. It is distressing, however, that Georgia’s lawmakers, while justly lauding the con tributions which private col leges and universities make to the educational needs of the State, have chosen to point edly ignore like contributions by private elementary and se condary schools and have told Catholic parents, in effect, “If you want to continue to save Georgia millions of dol lars every year, you’ll have to continue paying a tax to do so.” Says Exclusion Of Private Schools Bad For Education WASHINGTON, (NC)-The president of the National Coun cil of Catholic Women said here exclusion’ of private 'schools from Federal aid bills Van have a bad effect on educa- ;on and on parents. .LMrS- Joseph McCarthy of San Francisco, in a statement is sued from NCCW headquarters here, said that exclusion of these schools “violates the tra ditional concept of a dual sys tem of education.’’ “When the power and prestige of the Federal government is confined to one segment of our educational system, a precedent of dangerous implications is es tablished. “The first long step toward a national governmental school system will have been taken if the Congress follows this poli cy of directing aid to one part of American Education,” she said. As for its effect on parents, she said they “should not be disadvantaged because they se lect a school system based on religious principles.” “As a matter of fact,” she said, “their free choice should be facilitated by government. In effect the discriminatory legis lation proposed undermines the basic concept of religious free dom.” “In the recent message to the Congress on the educational needs of America,” Mrs. Mc Carthy noted, “it was observed that ‘our concern is for the fu ture of our children.’ The concern of millions of Catholic mothers across the country is for ‘our’ children also.” “The concern of the Catho lic women of America for the educational needs of a large segment of our country’s child ren, those attending church- related schools, is a deep one.” the NCCW president added. “It should be given due recogni tion.” Sudanese Deny Persecution, Increase Church Pressure ROME, (NC)--Missionaries reaching Rome after being ex pelled from the Sudan revealed that new rulings by the Sudanese government prohibiting mis- sioners from engaging in agri culture can even forbid their growing vegetables for their own tables. The rulings are in the form of an instruction issued by the Moslem-controlled national government in Khartoum to clarify the so-called Mission ary Societies Act which was passed last May. Under the act, more than 120 Christian missionaries have been expell ed from the Sudan in the past three months. The second paragraph of the new clarification states that “missionaries may not carry out any activity which has to do with teaching, medicine, agri culture, commerce or industry, or which consists in the publica tion of any journal, pamphlet, v Laws Will Not Solve Problems Of Discrimination PROVIDENCE, R. I., (NC)— A priest-lawyer said here laws will not solve the problems of discrimination, but they will educate majority groups and raise the level of hope among minority groups. Father Robert F. Drinan, S'. J., dean of the Boston College Law School, told a Brown Uni versity audience (Feb. 6) a moral revolution is needed to rid American communities of discrimination in housing and other areas. The leader in causes for equal rights said until that happens, legislation would have to open the way for minority groups to escape from their “ghettos” (Continued on Page 5) books, records or radio broad casts, or the projection of any film or film slides, without first having received approval in writing by a competent offi cial of the Ministry of the In terior.” According to a Vatican Radio newscaster, while the new instruction speaks rather gen erally of “any journal, pamph let, books. . .” missionaries in the Sudan have learned that in practice this applies also to images, catechisms and pray- erbooks, and can even extend to rosaries, crucifixes and other religious objects. Citing the word of ousted mis sionaries, Vatican Radio said that the prohibition against agricultural activities can apply to “the little kitchen gardens in which the missionaries grow food for their tables, which cannot be tended without special permission.” The third paragraph of the Sudanese government instruc tion prohibits repairs or im provements in mission stations without permission. The diffi culty in this, according to the Vatican Radio newscaster, is that the government offices where such permission must be requested in person are often as far as 125 miles from a mission. Another section of the new provision states , that religious superiors must give the government notice a year in advance when they intend to transfer a priest from one place to another. The immediate af fect of this provision, said Vati can Radio, is to make it vir tually impossible for a super ior to fill a vacancy left by the expulsion of a missionary. Describing a specific in stance of how the Sudanese government policy is being ap plied, Vatican Radio said that several days before their ous- Unbalanced Diet . Puo7r Mo OL No Longer A ‘Sect’ It Seems to Me ter, missionaries who have now reached Rome had accompanied to a Sudanese government office the parents of two boys who wanted to enter the seminary. Under the present regulations, parents must express their con sent to such a step in the pre sence of a government official. But in spite of the insistence by the parents that they wanted their sons to enter the seminary, said Vatican Radio, they were unable to obtain the necessary document from the designated government offi cials. One of the most brilliantly perceptive things G. K. Ches terton ever said was that the Catholic Church had become “for a time a sect among the sects, in order that in the end she mignt emerge again as the uni- v e r s a 1 C h u r c h.” Chesterton meant that events had forced the Church to be come aloof and defensive, penitentially ri gorous, and even at times dis putatious and condemnatory, to protect essentials of faith and morals from error and laxity. That, he realized, was not the Church as she really is—be nign, magnanimous, cheerful, good-humored, and lovable; opening her arms to gather in and comfort all God’s crea tures. No; that was the Church behaving, because of bitter necessity, like a sect. IN THE QUARTER-century since Chesterton’s death, the situation has changed almost miraculously; and now the Church, after a long prepara tion under Pius XII, and inspired by the happy humanity of Pope John, is opening her heart again to the world. Even the Fathers of the ecu menical council, I think, are only gradually coming to realize how much has already been ac complished by the ecumenical council. The council, shall we say, has found its footing; and under the mysterious guidance of the Holy Spirit, it has set JOSEPH BREIG forth on the ecumenical way. This fact was expounded the other day in a talk in Rome by Augustin Cardinal Bea, head of the Secretariat for Promoting Christian Unity. It seemed to me that I could detect in what he said a note of glad astonish ment, as if his reflections on the council had opened his eyes to things he had previously not seen clearly. THE KEYNOTE of his ad dress was this: he now per ceives that there is in the world “an inexorable, ever- quickening march of events” which is leading toward Chris tian union. And the council has led the Church into that line of march. The council, he said, has “solemnly approved in general principle, and with its supreme authority, the fundamentals of Catholic ecumenism, and has moreover made known its in tention to direct and order more fully ecumenical activity.” He came to this realization through study of the treatise on the unity of the Church, prepared by the Commission for the Oriental Churches. True the treatise was concerned solely with the Orthodox Churches—but it contains “the general principles of Catholic ecumenism.” And thistreatise, said Cardinal Bea, was approved by the Fathers “in moral unanimity.” FURTHER, they gave explicit instructions that the treatise must “form part of one joint decree” along with treatises prepared by other com missions, including the Chris tian Unity Secretariat. Fourth Joyful Mystery THE PRESENTATION Our Father According to the Law of Moses, they took Jesus up to Jerusalem/ to present him to the Lord. Luke 2:32 Hail $ Mary Now there was in Jerusalem a man named Simeon,/ and this man was just and devout, look ing for the consolation of Israel. Luke 2:25 Hail Mary And it had been revealed to him that he should not see death/ before he had seen the Christ of the Lord. Luke 2:26 Hail Mary And when they brought in the child Jesus, he received him into his arms/ and blessed God. Luke 2:27, 28 Hail Mary ’Now thou dost dismiss thy servant, O Lord J according to thy word, in peace.’ Luke 2:29 Hail Mary Scriptural Rosary Part 4 ’Because my eyes have seen thy salva tion,/ which thou hast prepared before the face of all peoples.’ Luke 2:30, 31 Hail Mary ’A light of revelation to the Gentiles,/ and a glory for thy people Israel.’ Luke 2:32 Hail Mary And he said to Mary, 'Behold, this child is destined for the fall and for the rise of many in Israel,/ and for a sign that shall be contra dicted.’ Luke 2:34 Hail Mary ’And thy own soul a sword shall pierce,/ that the thoughts of many hearts may be revealed.’ Luke 2:35 Hail Mary And they returned to Nazareth. And the child grew and became strong,/ and the grace of God was upon him. Luke 2:39, 40 Hail xjx Mary Glory be to the Father, and to the Son, and to the Holy Spirit./ As it was in the beginning, is now, and ever shall be, world without end. Amen. Editor’s Note: This is one of the 15 decades of the Scriptural Rosary, a modern version of the way the Rosary was once prayed in the Middle Ages. We are presenting the complete Scriptural Rosary in 15 install ments as a service to our readers. You are invited to save these meditations for future use. Or you may obtain the complete set in illustrated prayer-book form by sending $1 to the 'nonprofit Scriptural Rosary Center, 6 N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago 2, Illinois. Sunday Law NEWARK, N.J.—The solici tation and reception of telephone orders on Sunday do not vio late New Jersey’s county op tion law limiting Sunday sales, Superior Court ruled here. Judge Nelson K. Mintz ruled in favor of three department Pope’s Job stores and four newspapers in a suit brought by Vornado Inc., parent company of “Two Guys from Harrison” discount chain. Vornado instituted the suit when its own efforts to upset the law failed in court. Shared Time TOLEDO, Ohio --A check of Catholic high schools in the To ledo diocese shows that at pres ent two of the schools have shar ed-time arrangements with neighboring public schools. The schools are St. John High School inDelphos and Cen tral Catholic in Lima. Seton Pilgrimage WASHINGTON, D. C.—Arch bishop Patrick A. O’Boyle of Washington has announced the official pilgrimage to Rome for the beatification of Mother Elizabeth Seton will leave by plane from New York on March 10. Mother Seton, who will be the first native U.S. citizen to be so honored, will be beatified on March 17th. VATICAN CITY—His Holi ness Pope John XXIII said at a general audierice that the Pope is a man of peace and it is his job to make the yearning for peace felt by all. He said (Feb. 7) that even in his meetings with heads of state and leaders of nations the Pope cannot but stress the peace of the Lord, good agreement, and obedience to the laws framed by Christian civilization. African Prefecture VATICAN CITY--Pope John XXIII has erected the Prefec ture Apostolic of Louis Trich- ardt in the Union of South Afri ca with territory taken from the Abbacy Nullius of Pieters- bury. It will be administered by the Missionaries of the Sac red Heart of Jesus. Cardinal’s Funeral ARMAGH, Ireland—Leaders of Church and State, including two U. S. Cardinals, were among those who attended a Pontifical Requiem Mass for John Cardi nal D’Alton. Government officials were headed by Irish President Eamon de Valera who was a high school classmate, Prime Minister Sean F. Lemass and Foreign Minister Frank Aiken. James Francis Cardinal Mc Intyre of Los Angeles and Fran cis Cardinal Spellman of New York were also in attendance. Serra Medal High School Exams Cardinal Bea noted also that all the council’s work was ‘ ‘ car ried out with almost universal awareness of the ecumenical task of the Church,” and that Fathers who spoke in council “repeatedly called upon the council to leave all doors open” for every contact with other Christians. The long seige, then, is ended; the gates of the city are being thrown wide; this is the central meaning of the council’s first session. The Fathers, with God’s help, wrought more, and. more nobly, than they realized. AND ONE OF the reasons for this, Cardinal Bea said, is the prayers of the “other Chris tians” for the council, prayers which have brought it about that “the Lord has bestowed upon the whole of Christianity and in particular upon the coun cil, the supernatural gifts of light and strength.” I have heard no Father say so, but I wonder whether most of them weren't astonished at their overwhelming vote in favor of native tongues and customs in the liturgy, and of great freedom for liturgical diversity accord ing to the judgments of re gional groups of bishops. The vote was more than 2,000 to 11 and as one bishop remarked with humor, “What I want to know is, where were all the ‘conservatives’ ?” The answer would seem to be that they had been caught up in what Cardinal Bea called “the inexorable and ever-quicken ing march of events” and in the light and strength bestowed by the Lord in response to world wide prayer, WASHINGTON, D. C. - Leg islation has been introduced in Congress for striking a com memorative medal for the 250th anniversary of the birth of Fa ther Junipero Serra, founder of the famous California missions. The anniversary of Father Serra’s birth falls on Novem ber 24. The Franciscan priest founded 21 missions in Cali fornia. Legislation was intro duced earlier to authorize a special postage stamp to mark the anniversary. AidChild, Not School BOISE, Idaho--The Bishop of Boise has said it is the task of congressmen to come up with a bill to aid the private school child rather than the school, thus avoiding constitu tional issues. Bishop Sylvester Treinen al so said, “if it is not against the Constitution to assist pri vate colleges, it should not be to assist private grade and high schools.” RABAUL, New Britain--A milestone for the Catholic mis sions on this South Pacific is land was passed when two native students successfully com pleted a high school exam equi valent to that given to Austra lian youngsters. New Britain is under Australian administra tion. They are the first pupils of any school natives in the New Britain territory to pass the Queensland senior exam at the end of secondary schooling. Dust Of Ages LISBON, Portugal--The Va tican Council was interpreted to Portugese newsman here as an effort to “clear away the dust of ages” and renew the Church so that it may address itself to today’s world. The Patriarch of Lisbon, Manuel Cardinal ConcalvesCe- rejeira, made the remarks as he greeted the newsmen at his residence after they assisted at a special Mass in honor of their patron, St. Francis de Sales. QUESTION BOX (By David Q. Liptak) Q. Just what is Gregorian Chant, and could you tell me something about its history— when it originated, for example? A. Gregorian Chant (or Sac red Chant or Plainsong) has been defined as the traditional free-rhythmed, unisonous, dia tonic music which has been adopted by the Church for the solemn celebration of the litur gy- IN GREGORIAN CHANT the Staff has but four lines and three spaces, and the basic single note is the punctum of quadra- turn (a square-like note without a stem). There are only two Clefs, the Doh Clef and the Fah Clef. In that Gregorian Chant utilizes a diatonic scale (i.e., a progression of eight sounds with seven intervals, one sound after the next, in a regular gradation, so that each tone is known by special name), it can be distinguished from the Chro matic Scale of modern music, which is principally character ized by smaller intervals of semitones. (“Chromatic” is from the Greek meaning “suited for color.” The refer ence is to the fact that the in termediate tones were once transcribed in colors.)Gregor ian rhythm is, as we indicated, free, depending largely upon requisites of musical sense and beauty. GREGORIAN CHANT is so named because it was Pope St. Gregory the Great (590-604) who reformed and codified Plainsong used in his time. To the end of the first mil- lenium, curiously, Gregorian was perpetuated chiefly by means of oral tradition, espec ially in the great monasteries. The first widespread use of musical notations is commonly attributed to an eleventh- century monk of Pomposa, Guido of Arezzo. THE COUNCIL OF TRENT found it necessary to legislate as regards the proper use of (Continued on Page 4) V) The Southern Cross Vol. 43 P. O. BOX 180. SAVANNAH. GA. Saturday, February 16, 1963 No. 22 Published weekly except the last week in July and the last week in December by The Southern Cross, Inc. Subscription price $3.00 per year. Second class mail privileges authorized at Monroe, Ga. Send notice of change of address to P. O. Box 180, Savannah, Ga. Most Rev. Thomas J. McDonough, D.D.J.C.D., President Rev. Francis J. Donohue, Editor John Markwalter, Managing Editor Rev. Lawrence Lucree, Rev. John Fitzpatrick, Associate Editors