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r i Tension Increases As 10c Per Copy — $3 A Year To Elect Successor To Pope John CARDINALS BEGIN TO ARRIVE IN THE VATICAN FOR THE CONCLAVE, THE CARDINALS RETIRE TO THE SISTINE CHAPEL TO ELECT A NEW POPE. THE DOOR IS SEALED AND SWISS GUARDS SURROUND THE QUARTERS. THE GREATEST OF SECRECY IS PRESERVED. • *- IN THE PAPAL ELECTION, THE CARDINALS CAST THEIR BALLOTS IN A GOLD CUP. WHENi THESE BALLOTS ARE BURNED AND WHITE SMOKE POURS FROM THE VATICAN CHIMNEY, THE WORLD KNOWS THAT THE CATHOLIC CHURCH HAS A NEW HEAD. MASTER OF CEREMONIES LOWERS 'ANOPIES OVER THE SEATS OF ALL Inals except that of the pope- r, AND HE IS LED TO A ROOM WHERE . CLOTHED IN THE PAPAL GARMENTS WHILE THE CARDINALS PAY THEIR FIRST HOMAGE TO THE NEW POPE, THE SENIOR rAPDINAL DEACON APPEARS ON THE BALCONY. SILENCE FALLS OVER THOUSANDS IN ST. PETER'S SQUARE AS T HE Y THE WORDS, "I ANNOUNCE TO YOU TIDINGS OF GREAT JOY. WE HAVE A POPE. ... Secret Conclave Opens SAVANNAH, GEORGIA, SATURDAY, JUNE 22, 1963 50,000 At Final Funeral Mass For Pope John VATICAN CITY, (NC)— " Farewell, Holy Father, fare well forever.” These words of the Holy See’s chosen eulogist echoed in St. Peter’s basilica at a final solemn funeral Mass for the beloved Pope John XXIII. And they echoed in the hearts and minds of those present: the cardinals of the Holy Roman Church, bishops and priests, Christians of many denomina tions and representatives of most of the world’s nations. About 50,000 persons crowd ed into the transepts of the great basilica. The nave was still occupied by rows of seats for Pope John’s great project—now suspended with his death—the" Second Vatican Council. Other thousands were outside the church in St. Peter’s square. At that same moment, half a mile away, hundreds of other friends of Pope John heard ano ther requiem Mass for him. They were the inmates of Regi na Coeli prison. Neither they nor the world had forgotten his , visit to the prison the day after Christmas, 1958. It was a visit that told the world that a new and distinctive personality had arrived on the scene. Only the hundred or so candles on a symbolic three tiered catafalque were lighted as the great basilica began to fill with people. Even while the representatives of state entered, the church was still immersed in gloom. But bright lights went on for arrival of the cardinals at 10:00 a.m. when the ceremony began. Seventy-two of them entered two-by-two, each attended by a prelate. They filed silently into rows of chairs on either side of the catafalque, which stood be tween the Altar of the Confes sion beneath the dome and the Altar of the Chair at the far end of the church. The catafalque stood more than 25 feet high. Rows of can dles had been placed around the base and around each of the three tiers. Atop the last tier was a symbolic casket draped in red. Surmounting the whole was a silver tiara, the dis tinctive papal headress, ringed with three golden crowns. Behind the cardinals were representatives of 85 nations. The first to arrive were U. S. V Vice President LyndonB. John son and the other members of the U. S. delegation: James A. Farley of New York, former postmaster general; Dr. Benja min E. Mays, of Atlanta, Ga., a Baptist clergyman who is president of Atlanta’s More house College; and George N. Shuster, assistant to the presi dent of Notre Dame University and formerly president of Hunt er College in New York. Among the others present were: West German Foreign Minister Gerhard Schroeder; Prince Albert of Belgium and that country’s Vice Premier and Foreign Minister Paul-Henri Spaak; Canada’s Vice Premier Lionel Chevrier; France's For eign Minister Maurice Couvede Murville; England’s Count of Perth; Ireland’s Prime Minis- (Continued on Page 6) AT THEIR FIRST PAPAL ELECTION—These two car dinals, chosen by Pope John, will be among those voting in the election of his successor. They are Joseph Cardinal Ritter, Archbishop of St. Louis and Laurean Cardinal Rug- ambwa, Bishop of Bukoba, Africa. They are shown at an informal meeting before the Conclave opened on June 19. Cardinal Rugambwa will be the first negro to vote in a papal election.—(NC Photos) VATICAN CITY, (NC) Fourscore churchmen charged with electing a new Bishop of Rome calmly sealed themsel ves off and automatically cre ated an air of tension and ex pectation in the world they left behind. The conclave to select the successor to Pope John XXIII began beneath Michelangelo’s massive painting of the Last Judgment in the Sistine Chap el on the evening of June 19. The last major public func tion of the cardinals before hand was their participation in a Mass invoking the guidance of the Holy Spirit. It was offered that morning by Eugene Car dinal Tisserant, Dean of the Sacred College of Cardinals, at the resplendent Altar of the Chair in the apse of St. Peter’s basilica. At this time, the papal electors were given a formal reminder of the solemnity and weight of the duty they were about to undertake. This was the traditional sermon to the car dinals given by the Pontifical Secretary of Briefs to Princes —the papacy's official trans lator of Latin documents. The sermon by the current holder of the post, Msgr. Am- leto Tondini, was reminiscent of the 1958 charge given by his predecessor, now Antonio Car dinal Bacci. The then Msgr. Bacci told the men who were to elect Angelo Roncalli the new pope that their duty was to choose a man who would be able to penetrate the minds of men of all social levels with the light and goodness of Christ, a man of great strength of mind and ardent charity who would reflect in his life the words of Christ, “I am the Good Shep herd.” Following the Mass, the car dinals went their separate ways, making their own personal last- minute preparations for the conclave. They and their con-, clave assistants assembled at the Vatican on Wednesday at 4:30. At 5 p.m., they were together in the Pauline Chapel in the Apostolic Palace. After a brief prayer, they formed a procession to enter the Sis tine Chapel, which is separat ed from the Pauline by the Sala Regia, the so-called Hall of the Seven Doors. FIVE U.S. CARDINALS AT PAPAL CONCLAVE—The five U. S. cardinals are shown in Vatican City before the open ing, June 19, of the 79th Conclave to elect a new pope, the successor to the late Pope John XXIII. Left to right: Their Eminences Albert Cardinal Meyer, Archbishop of Chicago; Richard Cardinal Cushing, Archbishop of Boston; Francis Cardinal Spellman, Archbishop of New York; Joseph Car dinal Ritter, Archbishop of St. Louis; and James Francis Cardinal McIntyre, Archbishop of Los Angeles.—(NC Photos) President Receives Religious Leaders; Discuss Civil Rights Supreme Court Bars Bible Reading In Public Schools WASHINGTON, (NC)—The U.S. Supreme Court has ended a year of nationwide suspense by barring devotional Bible read ing and recitation of the Lord’s Prayer from public schools. These practices and the laws requiring them are “unconsti tutional under the Establish ment Clause” of the First Amendment and violate the “wholesome ‘neutrality’ ” of the State toward religion, the court held (June 17) in an opin ion by Justice Tom C. Clark. In a separate ruling the same day, the high court upheld the right of a Seventh Day Adven tist women to receive state un employment compensation even though she refused, on religious grounds, to work on Saturday. To deny her the money, the court said, infringed her reli gious liberty without there being any compelling state interest to justify such infringement. Only Justice Potter Stewart dissented from the ruling on public school prayer and Bible reading, which applied imme diately to schools in Maryland and Pennsylvania. But it was evident that the issue had stir red soul-searching among many of the other members of the court. The justices wrote five sepa rate opinions totaling 121 pages (Continued on Page 6) Ten Americans VATICAN CITY, (NC)— Ten citizens of the United States entered the conclave the evening of June 19— five of them to cast their votes in the balloting for a successor to Pope John XXIII. The American cardinals and their conclavists are: Francis Cardinal Spellman, Archbishop of New York, and Father Thomas Hene- ghan; James Francis Car dinal McIntyre, Archbishop of Los Angeles, and Father John A. Rawden; Richard Cardinal Cushing, Arch bishop of Boston, and Msgr. Daniel A. Cronin; Albert Cardinal Meyer, Archbishop of Chicago, and Msgr. Clif ford E. Bergin; and Joseph Cardinal Ritter, Archbishop of St. Louis, and Father Jo seph W. Baker. WASHINGTON, (NC)—Wash ington’s Archbishop Patrick A. O’Boyle told President Kennedy that a ray of “sunshine” had sifted through the racial ten sions which clouded the nation during the last few months be cause “the issue has been rais ed to the proper level.” ' ‘It is now widely recogniz ed as a moral problem and a crusade for basic human rights,” said the Archbishop, who is chairman of the ad ministrative board of the Na tional Catholic Welfare Confer ence. “Any problem of this dimen sion is of necessity complex. It is deeply rooted in history. It has legal and economic over tones. Beyond doubt it is a po litical problem at all levels of governments. But fundamen tally it is moral, and we re- Miami Diocese Bears Large Share Of Refugee Aid WASHINGTON, (NC)—The Catholic Diocese of Miami is bearing ‘ ‘an overly large part of the cost” of Cuban refugee aid, the House of Representa tives was told. Rep. Dante B. Fascell of Florida made this assertion in a House speech paying tribute to Marshall Wise, formerly direc tor of the Cuban Refugee Emer gency Center in Miami and now director of the Miami Social Security Office. joice that more and more Am ericans see it in this light,” the Archbishop asserted. Serving as spokesman for the U.S. Catholic prelates at tending, Archbishop O’Boyle made his statement at the con clusion of a meeting which President Kennedy held in the White House with some 250 religious leaders summoned from the various sections of the nation to discuss the current critical civil rights situation. President Kennedy had in vited the religious leaders to the meeting by telegrams which said he wanted to discuss with them certain aspects of the na tion’s civil rights problem. The telegrams also said: “This matter merits serious and im mediate attention.” Archbishop O’Boyle remind ed that in 1958 the U. S. Cath olic Hierarchy, in a statement following its annual meeting here, urged “responsible and sober-minded Americans of all religious faiths” in the nation to “seize the mantle of lead ership from the agitator and racist” and to act decisively “before it is too late.” “These words are most per tinent today,” Archbishop O’- Boyle said, “and they consti tute our pledge of action. And in this action, we gladly ac cept the outstretched hands of friendship of our Protestant and Jewish brethren, as we speak in one voice our pledge to make real and vital our common belief that we are—re gardless of race—adopted sons of an Eternal Father, and brothers, one to another.” Pope Wrote Own Epitaph VATICAN CITY, (Radio, NC)—Pope John XXIII wrote his own epitaph a quarter century ago and prayed at the same time to be worthy of it. In 1939 when he was in Istanbul as Apostolic Dele gate to Greece and Turkey, he singled out a verse from the prophet Malachia to jot down in his diary: “True doctrine was in his mouth, and no dishonesty was found upon his lips; He walk ed with me in integrity and uprightness, and turned many away from evil” (Malachia 2,6). The Pope had read these words in the Mass of the day, for he added: “I should like these words of the Introit oftoday’s Mass of St. Irenaeus to be my eulogy when I am dead. O Lord, make me worthy of them.” PRAY FOR OUR PRIESTLY DEAD REV. JAMES H. CONLIN June 24, 1949 Oh (rod, Who didst give to thy servants by their sacredotal office, a share in the priest hood of the Apostles, grant, we implore, that they may- also be one of their company forever in heaven. Through Christ Our Lord, Amen. Cardinals Cast Lots For Conclave Rooms VATICAN CITY, (NC)—Lots for the apartments they will occupy at the conclave were drawn by the cardinals at their eighth general interregnum meeting here. Sixty cardinals were present at the meeting (June 12). Apartments were assigned to all 82 by the drawing of balls bearing numbers correspond ing to the numbers of the apartments. Amleto Cardinal Cicognani and Antonio Cardinal Bacci are the only two whose usual living quarters are in the conclave area and the cardinals will continue to occupy the private apartments assigned to them. How Cardinals Elect New Pontiff ’A