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The Southern Cross, June 29, 1963—PAGE 3 New Pope Pastor And Church Builder The newly elected Pope, a veteran of some 30 years’ serv ice in the Vatican Secretariat of State, has made his voice heard in behalf of the Church on many fronts since his ap pointment as head of the Milan archdiocese in 1954. Pope Paul VI is of medium height, spare build, and has blue eyes and a light complex ion. His manner is gentle and his voice soft, but he does not hesitate to use that voice effec tively and often in defense of Christian ideas and ideals. He has achieved wide recog nition for his unrelenting battle against communism. This has, to some extent, put in the shadow his activity as a builder of churches, his outstanding work in behalf of Italian Catholic Ac tion, his efforts toward the at tainment of Christian unity, and his pronouncements on the need for dynamic pastoral activity. About two years ai!ter the Pontiff became head of the Milan archdiocese, which with its 3,750,000 Catholics is Italy’s largest, he had built some 45 churches. He said at the time, 1957, that the See needed 40 more churches. About two and a half years later, he said the archdiocese needed 69 new churches. Stressing the importance of this building program, he said: “The program for the construc tion of new churches forms part of the general common under taking to save our city and our country from the religious and moral ruin toward which op posing forces endeavor to lead her.” The church construction boom in Milan created a new idea, the apartment house chap el, to which he has given his approval. Many of the large co operative apartment houses in Milan now include a central chapel to serve all the tenants. When the month’s expenses are divided among the tenants, maintenance of the chapel is included. The Pope, who served for some 10 years as either ecclea- iastical assistant or moderator of the university section of Ita- lain Catholic Action, has re peatedly stressed the need for Catholic youth to meet boldly, with the armor of Faith, the challenges of the modern world. In a speech in 1957, on the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Italian Youth Movement, he said: “It is up to youth to invade new regions of life, bringing to them Christian light and love. Defense is not enough for the Christian heart—there must be conquest.” Five years before the Second Vatican Council was convoked by John XXIII, he cited the im portance of an ecumenical atti tude toward non-Catholics. “Is it well-professed ortho doxy to use truth as a hammer against others?” he asked in a FAMOUS ALL-PURPOSE DRESSING DELICIOUS ON Salads-Meats-Seafood 'SOLD AT LEADING STORES' BRUNSWICK GO WITH W. FREEMAN DARBY AND Your Good Gulf Dealers BRUNSWICK, GEORGIA Unity Octave sermon in Febru ary, 1957. . .We must not only nourish an immense feeling of charity towards our brothers who have wandered astray, we must also learn something from them.” In January, 1962, the new Pope made a statement that could be regarded as a fore telling of the ecumenical coun cil, which opened in October of that year. “Our spitirual attitude to ward them (non-Catholics)must change,” he said in a pastoral letter. “We must no longer con sider them irreducible and for eign enemies, but btothers who have been painfully detached from the life tree of the one and only true Church of Christ. One must hope sincerely that some new and great event may come to change this sad state of schism among Christians.” Pastoral function and organi zation hav e received much at tention from the Cardinal. In July, 1957, while an archbishop, he spoke at the dedication in Milan of the Saranno House of Studies, where newly ordained priests study for a year the methods of pastoral practice. “A change in the methods and form of (pastoral) organization is necessary if the Gospel mes sage is to reach that great audience represented by the common people,” he said then. Pope Paul, who in 1953 was permitted by Pope Pius XII to refuse elevation to the cardina- late, has long been an arch foe of communism. Six months after he was named Archbishop of Milan, he took the offensive against communism in the Lom bardy region of Italy by making a speech in the suburb of Sesto San Giovanni, so powerful a Red stronghold at the time that it was called “The Little Stalin grad.” The Archbishop drove home the point to the almost 100 per cent communist work ers that they had been duped by the lies of communist lead ers. In a Lenten pastoral in 1956, he warned that * ‘every compro mise of atheistic communism hides a secret plan to disarm and subjugate whomever deals with it.” In August, 1959, the Bishops of the Lombardy region, led by the then Cardinal Montini, warned in a long pastoral let ter that * ‘the propagation of Marxist ideas in our country is still serious and dangerous.” Giovanni Battista Montini no doubt acquired much of his interest in politics and diplo macy from his father, who serv ed for three terms as a member of the Italian Parliament and was editor of a newspaper in Brescia. The future Pope was born on September 26, 1897, in Con- cesio, located on the outskirts of Brescia. He received a canon law degree from the Pontifical Seminary in Milan and was awarded a degree in Theology from the Gregorian University in Rome. After his ordination on May 29, 1920, he served for a brief period as a parish priest and then enrolled in the Ecclesias tical Academy in Rome, where the Vatican’s diplomats and trained. He was only 25 when he was American National Bank BRUNSWICK, GA. 2 CONVENIENT LOCATIONS: GLOUCESTER AT ELLIS - NORWICH AT FIRST OFFICtRS I. M. AIKEN President W. E. GEIGER Senior Vice-President J. S. HARRISON AIKEN Executive Vice-President CHAS. H. McMILLAN Vice-President and Trust Officer LARRY C. SWEAT Cashier W. GLENN SUTTON Assistant Vice-President W. G. MORAN, JR. Assistant Cashier ERNEST WALKER Assistant Cashier TOM SCHUELER -Assistant Cashier MRS. BETTY KENNEDY Assistant Trust Officer WILLIAM A. MCDONALD Auditor Northside Office Wm. D. SEIFFERT Vice-President WILLIAM B. MITCHELL --Assistant Cashier WE INVITE YOUR ACCOUNT - WE APPRECIATE YOUR BUSINESS MEMBER F.D.I.C named by Pope Pius XI to serve as an attache at the Papal Nun ciature in Warsaw in 1922. He was in this post for a year, then was appointed ecclesiastical assistant to the university sec tion of Italian Catholic Action and later it s moderator. In 1932, at the age of 35, he was made a clerk in the Vatican Secretariat of State by Pope Pius XI, and four years later he was promoted to the position of undersecretary to the Papal Secretary of State. This office cardinal by Pope John. Pope Paul has visited the U.S. twice, in 1951 and in 1960 At a reception in his honor in 1951 at the headquarters of the National Catholi c Wel fare Conference in Washington, D.C., he lauded the work of America’s Catholic schools and its Catholic press. Referring to the N.C.W.C., he said: “We have often heard of its activi ties and know how many val uable services it renders to the Church.” shepherds or woodcarvers— Archbishop Montini repeated the following words to them: “Because you are farther away and more humble, you are dear er to me.” In his speeches, he has cri ticized writers who say they need ‘ ‘to have experience of evil,” scored priests who have a narrow concepted of their duties, cited the need for Ca tholics to defend their press, attacked the obscurity in some modern art, and warned against A KINDERGARTEN VISITOR—The new Pope Paul VI, is pictured, when as Archbishop of Milan, Italy, he visited a kindergarten run by a factory there for children of its workers. He is shown with a group of the children, in 1955.—(NC Photos) attempts to dilute ecclesiastical authority. Exerpts from the speeches Pope Paul has made on sev eral subjects follow: —On writing: “The temp tation for knowledge of evil has a strong attraction. There are those who say that it is neces sary to have experience of evil to write about good. This is not true. Above all things, keep yourselves pure and do not be afraid to put great theses in your writings.” (Address to third National Congress Of It alian Writers, September, 1956). —On pastoral ministry: The Pope spoke out in September, 1958 against “the many parish priests, particularly in cities, who resign themselves to prac ticing their ministry for those people who attend church and thus find their pastoral zeal satisfied.” He stressed the need for pastors to learn “all those elements inspired by a great love for souls which must be exercised to attract the lambs outside the flock.” —On the Catholic press: Ca tholics have * ‘the honor of de fending it, the obligation of pro pagating it and the need tomake it live in themselves and in the world,” Pope Paul said on De cember 4, 1960. —On modern art: Artists “seem to have abandoned the idea of producing works which are intelligible,” and critics “use language that requires a special knowledge in order to understand at least something. FROM CARDINAL TO POPE—This photo, taken on June 19, 1963, shows Giovanni Battista Cardinal Montini, Arch bishop of Milan, as he entered the Conclave area in the Vatican Palace, where 80 Princes of the Church assembled in secret session to elect a successor to the late Pope John XXIII. Cardinal Montini was their choice. He took the name of Pope Paul VI and will be crowned on June 30.—(NC Photos) had been held by Pope Pius XII befdre his election to the papacy. In 1944 he was named a Vati can Substitute Secretary of State by Pope Pius XI, and four years later he was promoted to the position of undersecretary to the Papal Secretary of State. This office had been held by Pope Pius XII before his elec tion to the papacy. In 1944 he was named a Vat ican Substitute Secretary of State, together with the late Domenico Cardinal Tardini, and in 1952 he was named Pro- Secretary of State for Ordinary Affairs. In 1953, when Pius XII cre ated 24 new cardinals, he re vealed that he had planned to name both Msgr. Montine and Msgr. Tardini as cardinals, but they had asked him not to do so. Referring to this in 1958, when he accepted elevation to the cardinalate during the reign of Pope John XXIII, Car dinal Montini said :" Formerly, I was allowed to refuse this dig nity. And for this favor I am grateful to Pope Pius XII .. . Now other circumstances com pel to accept, and for this other favor I am no less grate ful to His Holiness Pope John XXIII.” In November, 1954, Msgr. Montini was made an archbishop and appointed to the See of Mil an. He was enthroned in Milan’s cathedral on January 6, 1955. Eight months later he began a pastoral visitation of the 1,000 churches in the Milan archdio cese, a task that was to take him nearly two years to complete. Archbishop Montini was creat ed a cardinal on December 15, 1958—the first to be created a During his 1960 visit, the pontiff said at a press confer ence in Boston that he was “very pleased to see Catho lics here taking such interest in the condition of the Church in South America.” He singled out for praise the missionary activities in South America of the Society of St. James the Apostle, founded by Richard Cardinal Cushing, Archbishop of Boston. In September 1961, he visited at the request of Pope John XXIII, all the 24 spectators injured when a racing car hurt led off the track at Italy’s Grand Prix at Monza. Pope John had instructed the Cardinal to bring his condolences to relatives of the victims. In 1962 he visited missions and cities in Ghana, Upper Vol ta, Nigeria and Southern Rho desia. On his return to Milan, he said: “The Church in Africa is not regarded as a coloniz ing power but as a friend who seeks to aid greatly the pro gress of the African people. At the time of his election Cardinal Montini was the Con sistory, the council, Extraor dinary Ecclesiastical Affairs and Seminaries and Universi ties. Pope Paul does not cushion his words when speaking against lukewarm Christianity or other things he considers objection able, but he is gentle and con siderate in his role of chief pastor of the people. He spent the summer before he was created a cardinal in visiting parishioners living in the remote mountain towns of the Milan archdiocese. Dur ing these visitations to the people—most of them farmers, On Visit§To America Pope Paul As Seen Twelve Years Ago (His Holiness Pope Paul VI has made two visits to the Unit ed States, the first in 1951 as Msgr. Giovanni Battista Mon tini, Substitute Vatican Secre tary of State, and the second in 1960 as Cardinal Montini, Archbishop of Milan. Repro duced below, is the. story with which N.C.W.C. News Service reported his visit to Washing ton, D. C., in August, 1951.) * * * WASHINGTON, (NC) — The work of Catholic schools and of the Catholic Press in the United States were singled out for special praise by Msgr. Gio vanni B. Montini, Substitute Va tican Secretary of State, in an interview here. On a vacation tour that brings him on his fir§fl visit to the Western Hemisphere, Monsig nor Montini said he has been "much impressed” by what he has seen, and paid high tribute to the pattern of organization of Catholic activities in this country. While in Washington, Mon signor Montini has been the guest of His Excellency Arch bishop Amleto Giovanni Cicog- nani, Apostolic Delegate to the United States. He also attended a reception in his honor at the National Catholic Welfare Conference headquarters, that brought together a large gather ing of leaders in the religious and civil life of the nation’s capital. Monsignor Montini occupies a remarkable position in the life of the Church. No Cardinal Secretary of State has been ap pointed by His Honiness Pope Pius XII since the death of Cardinal Luigi Maglione in 1944. Since then Monsignor Montini has continued as Sub stitute Secretary. He and Msgr. Domenico Tardini, Secretary for Extraordinary Affairs, have been the Pope’s immediate as sistants in matters dealt with by the Secretariate. He is ac complished on his visit here by Msgr. Joseph F. McGeough, New York archdiocese priest assigned to the Secretariate. (Msgr. McGeough is now an archbishop and Apostolic Dele gate to South Africa.) Slim, of medium height, and with penetrating blue eyes, the prelate spoke with enthusiasm of the activity of the Church in America and particularly of the N.C.W.C. Although on his first visit here, he was obviously already well informed on Cath olic life here. But he is pleased, he said, at having an opportun ity to see personally the work of the Church in this country. “We have heard often of the activities of the National Ca tholic Welfare Conference and know how many valuable servic es it renders to the Church,” Monsignor Montini said. He added that he has heard the Holy Father speak frequently of the N.C.W.C., and said His Holiness values highly its work, its spirit, and its “splendidor ganization in the service of the Church.” “The form of the organiza tion ..of Catholic .Action in Eur ope and America may differ, but the Holy See knows that through the N.C.W.C. you Ca tholics of America achieve the same, and sometimes even greater, results,” he said. Before the interview, Mon signor Montini had toured the various departments and bur eaus of the conference and been introduced to the work of each. He said he was especially pleas- (Continued on Page 5) We believed that the kingdom of art was beatitude, whereas today it is pain and condusion. —On ecclesiastical author ity: “Here and there come people with ludicrous temerity speak of ‘humble disobedience’ to the hierarchy as a right and as a brilliant discovery of the spir itual life,” the new Pope said in a sermon in May, 1963. “The clear and responsible instruc tions of ecclesiastical authority are vivisected to find through sophistry and casuistry the nec essary arguments for evad ing their grave meaning. What is missing is a sincere and loyal ‘sense of the Church.’ What is wanting is an understanding of the inviolable and generic prin ciple of the living Church which is its interior, beloved and de clared unity.” If « nf 5 ^A controlled/ call rH E_. Oifiontoit MOTOR HOTEL • TV A AIR CONDITIONING • FAMOUS MIAMI BUFFET • ICE A BEVERAGE STATIONS • COFFEE MAKER, EACH ROOM LUCKIE AT CONE ST. 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