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} SOME NINETY MEMBERS OF THE CLERGY, including twenty monsignors and four bishops, took part in the pro cession at which Archbishop O’Hara’s body was transferred from the chapel in Philadelphia’s Cathedral rectory to the Cathedral itself. Archbishop Krol of Philadelphia (in cape and mitre), flanked by h is chaplains is shown as he accompanies the body on the way to the Cathedral. Seen ahead of him, flanked by priest chaplains, are from left, Bishop Furey, Bishop Thomas Holland, Coadjutor Bishop of Portsmouth England; and the Most Rev. Fran cis J. Brennan, Dean of the Sacred Roman Rota and a classmate of Archbishop O’Hara. (Philadelphia Catholic Standard and Times Photo) The Southern Cross, August 1, 1963—PAGE 3 St. James Standard Dress Now In Stock Mothers Are Invited To See Our Complete Fall Selections For Boys and Girls (*'/■ SALE! 10% DISCOUNT ON ALL GIRLS WINTER OVERCOATS FOR THE MONTH OF AUGUST Charge and Lay-Away Accounts Invited ^,ad tt' DeRENNE SHOPPING CENTER EL 5-6820 Braun Construction j0 °<f Company Building Construction 216 Forty-Second Street, West P. 0. Box 3355 SAVANNAH, GEORGIA EDWIN BRAUN, SR., President EDWIN BRAUN, JR., Vice-President M. H. BRAUN, Secretary 0 oCut Art Stone Company H. H. KLEINSTEUBER, Owner Garden Furniture, Flower Boxes, Garden Tile, Etc. Building Stone, Columns, Steps, Buttress Caps, Window Sills, Etc. Plain and Ornamental Cast Stone Telephone: ADams 2-4623 P. 0. Box 1124 101 WEST 44TH STREET SAVANNAH, GA. Savannah’s Only Discount House DIXIE FURNITURE [>* MART Where Everybody Trades” 2517 Bull Street Savannah, Georgia Phone AD6-8616 !Jrrat JUineitek Over 40 Years of Dependable Courteous Service SAVANNAH, GEORGIA {orthefovy Ho*. iialtdyS/tH^mVitamin-'D ^ W. E. DAVIS S. W. SKINNER Electric Equipment And Repair Co. Electrical Contractors Types of Electrical Work Lighting Fixtures Telephone AD 2-1169 2402 WHITAKER STREET SAVANNAH, GEORGIA In Rhode Island Suit To Test Law To Lend Parochial Pupils Text Books Challenges Claim Church Responsible For Government Attitude Toward Buddhism Requiem Mass Offered For Archbishop Edwin Byrne will be brought by private in dividuals with the support of the local and national ACLU, The individuals were not named. Stanzler said the suit will be filed ’’within a year.” He said it will allege that the textbook program violates pro per Church-State relations stemming from the First Amendment of the Constitution. Under the law adopted early this year, the state will share the costs with local communi ties of purchasing and then freely lending to parochial and other private school pupils text books in science, mathematics and foreign languages. Before the law was passed, it was studied and approved by a specially appointed public com mittee. Its constitutionality was defended by Gov. John H. Cha- fee when he signed it into law in February. The textbooks are selected by public school authorities. Applications to borrow them must be filed by the parent or the child, not by the school at which the child is a pupil. Textbooks must meet the same requirements of those lent to' public school pupils. Stanler said the ACLU’s suit which it pledged to initiate im mediately after the law was signed by the governor, will be filed in State Superior Court. If necessary, said the ACLU spokesman, the issue will be carried to the U. S. Supreme Court. He estimated the cost to be about $10,000 to $15,000 which he said will come from local private individuals and from the national office of the ACLU. SANTA FE, N. M.,—Requiem Mass was offered here for Archbishop Edwin V. Byrne of the Sante Fe archdiocese. Death came (July 25) to the Philadelphis-born prelate in St. Vincent’s Hospital here follow ing surgery. The Requiem Mass was offered (July 31) in the venerable Cathedral of St. Francis by Bishop Sidney M. Metzer of El Paso, Texas. Before he became spiritual leader of the 113-year-old archdiocese’s 300,000 Catho lics, about half of the popula tion, he spent five years in the Phillipines and 18 years as a Bishop in Puerto Rico. From the early days of his career, the Archbishop showed great concern over social in justice and civil liberties. In Puerto Rico, he once com plained to visiting President Franklin D. Roosevelt that wages paid rural workers were "miserable and far below standards of Christian justice. The result was a step-up in the Federal aid effort for the island. In New Mexico, he opposed the ban on closed and union shops, stating that it would be "the death blow to unionism." The Fair Employment Prac tices amendment to the state constitution received his sup port. He also praised a pro posed amendment to end ra cial discrimination. He fre quently served as arbitrator in labor disputes in the state. Archbishop Byrne also de monstrated a concern over mo rality in public bathing suit re views during beauty contests and ordering that the sacra ments be denied Catholics who DOWNTOWN ; ^SAVANNAH’S Newest And Finest PROVIDENCE, R. I., (NC) —The Rhode Island affiliate of the American Civil Liberties Union said here it is preparing a court test of the new state law to lend textbooks to paro chial school pupils. Milton Stanzler, chief coun sel of the union, said the suit HOME OF THE FAMOUS PURPLE TREE LOUNGE AND COLONY RESTAURANT — ARCHBISHOP EDWIN BYRNE Mann elevision Service Company TV-RADIOS-TR ANSISTORS TAPE RECORDS-STEREOS 148 West Broad AD 6-6358 Savannah, Ga. Manger Hotel MRS. ELEANOR RICHARD SON of Warner Robins has be come a GS-15, making her the highest rated woman em ployee in the Air Force Log istics Command. Mrs. Ri chardson simultaneously be came the first woman in the Warner Robins Air Material Area to be named a Technical Associate to a Chief of Staff office, or a Director within the AMA. Mrs. Richardson, her husband, son and mother are members of Sacred Heart Church. (Air Force Photo) take part in them. He called such public exhibitions "in decent exposures of human bo dies, the temples of God, and occasions of sin to wicked men.” The Archbishop also acted against what he considered in decent motion pictures. He told Catholics not to attend a local theater in 1960 because it had a policy of showing "grossly indecent motion pic tures.” NEW YORK , (NC) — A vet eran priest -journalist has challenged statements byaU. S. minister linking the Catholic Church to alleged anti-Buddhist acts of the South Vietnamese government of President Ngo Dinh Diem. Father Patrick O’Conner, S. S. C., Far East correspon dent of the N. C. W. C. News Service and a former presi dent of the Catholic Press Asso ciation, said that "to imply that the Catholic Church is respon sible for government policy in Vietnam would be sheer mis representation.” He also said that, whatever the faults of the Diem govern ment, "life in South Vietnam is immeasurably free, easier and better than in communist-ruled North Vietnam.” Father O’Conner in a letter to the New York Times (July 25), denied several statements about the situation in South Vietnam attributed by the Times to the Rev. Donald S. Harring ton. The Times, in a July 1 news story on a sermon preached by the Rev. Harrington at the Community Church here, re ported him as saying that the Catholic Church and the U. S. government must share respon sibility with President Diem for the death of a Buddhist monk who publicly burned himself to death in Saigon as a protest against the Diem govern ment’ s policy toward Buddhism. The U. S. government has been actively supporting South Vietnam’s war against com munist Viet Cong guerillas. President Diem and his family are Catholics. Catholics in South Vietnam number about 1.25 million (nearly nine per cent) in a total population of some 14.1 million. The number of Buddhists is variously reported. Some es timates say the population of South Vietnam is 70 per cent Buddhist. Other estimates, however, say the number of practicing Buddhists is only three or four million while the General Buddhist Asso ciation, the organization behind the current protests, has only one million members. The Times story on the Rev. Harrington’s sermon said he listed several instances of al leged government repression of Buddhists and favoritism to ward Catholics. It quoted him as saying: "This situation must be ex tremely embarrassing to the Roman Catholic Church. If it goes unreprimanded, the Cat holic Church can have no fu ture in Vietnam. "It is utterly contrary to the spirit of Pope John. It casts a shadow of shame on the new brightness Pope John had brought to the Catholic Church.” The Rev. Harrington is sec retary of the Ministers’ Viet nam Committee, a U. S. group which in June purchased full- page newspaper ads protesting the Diem government’s atti- Medal For Cardinal DEARBORN, Mich., (NC)— Richard Cardinal Cushing, Archbishop of Boston, has been named to receive the Knights of Lithuania medal tude towards Buddhists as well as U. S. government support of Diem. The ad, signed by several Protestant and Jewish lead ers, featured a photograph of the flaming death of the Bud dhist monk, Quang Due. It pro tested,among other things, "the loss of American lives and billions of dollars to bolster a regime universally regarded as unjust, undemocratic, and un stable,” as well as "the fiction that this is ‘fighting for free dom. ’ ” The advertisement asked for contributions to be sent to the Rev. Harrington as secretary of I the Ministers’ Vietnam Com mittee. In his letter to the Times, writtep from Saigon, Father O’Conner challenged a number of statements contained in the news story on the Rev. harring- ton’s sermon. These include: —The statement that most government officials and army officers in South Vietnam are Catholics. Father O’Conner said he knows of no overall religious census of government officials and army officers. However, among the upper echelons, he said, five of 17 cabinet ministers are Ca tholics, along with three of 19 generals, and four of 14 offi cers commanding special branches. —The statement that the only two universities in South Viet nam are Catholic-controlled. Father O’Connor said Vietnam has three universities, two of which are state institutions controlled by the Minister of Education, who is a non-Chris tian. Father O’Connor said the rector of the state university in Saigon is a non-Christian and the rector of the state uni versity in Hue is "a distinguish ed priest-scholar.” He said the sole Catholic university is the University of Dalat, "a small private institution, founded by Catholjcs with Catholic money. The statement that Catholic army chaplains were provided for the South Vietnamese armed forces while Buddhist ones were not. Father O’Conner n^tedthat Protestant chaplains were also provided. In addition, he said that ac cording to the Ministry of De fense no Buddhist monk ever offered to serve as a military chaplain until a demand for chaplaincies was made recently by the Buddhist Association. He said this demand is "regarded as a maneuver in the current dispute.” Father O’Conner said a Bud dhist spokesman has stated that Buddhists do not want their chaplains to serve in the same way as Catholic and Protestant chaplains. Instead the Bud dhists would wear a different uniform and would not accom pany troops to the front lines. "It is not surprising that the government hesitates about ac cepting chaplains on these terms,” he commented. —The statement that Catholic Vatican Flag has been flown on Catholic holidays while the Buddhist flag has been banned. Father O’Connor said the ban on flag-flying was applied to the Vatican flag "at the same time and in the same way” as to the Buddhist flag. "Bi shops issued instructions that the ban was to be observed,” he said. Father O’Connor said it would be "a shallow and hurtful fal lacy” to attribute the South Vietnamese government’s atti tude toward Buddhists to the fact that President Diem and his family are Catholics. Father O’Connor also called attention to a June 17 pastoral letter by Archbishop Paul Nguyen van Binh of Saigon in which the Archbishop said the church is not responsible for actions of the government. The pastoral quoted Pope John and declared that "every human being has the right to honor God according to the dic tates of an upright conscience and to profess his religion pri vately and publicly.” "I am no blind partisan of President Ngo Dinh Diem or his government,” Father O’Connor said. "I disapprove strongly of some of the police methods used here, while realizing that life in South Vietnam is immeasu rably freer, easier, and better than in communist-ruled North Vietnam. "The government here is open to criticism, but if the critic’s information be inaccu rate or out of focus, he cannot criticize soundly or construct ively.” Agitations Really Aiming At Overthrow Of Diem The author of the following analysis of the motivations un derlying the current Buddhist conflict with the Vietnamese government of Catholic Presi dent Ngo dinh Diem, has spent almost two decades covering the news in the Far East. For the past two years he has maintain ed headquarters in Saigon, Viet nam’s capital, and kept a close eye on the complex political currents active in that commu nist-embattled republic. By Father Patrick O’Connor Society of St. Columban SAIGON, Vietnam, (NC)—Bu- dhists agitating for "re ligious freedom” in South Viet nam are really aiming at the overthrow of the government. That has been suspected for weeks by some observers, Viet namese and foreign. Now, ac cording to sources close to the inner circles of Buddhist lead ers, one can be sure of it. The agitation is conducted by the "Inter-Sect Committee for the Defense of Buddhism.” In this committee the General Buddhist Association wields most influence. (Many Vietnam ese Buddhists stay aloof from the association and from the other groups represented on the committee. Probably many of the rank and file who follow the committee's leadership did not realize what the ultimate aim of the present agitation is.) The Buddhists involved in this agitation, kept at fever pitch since May 8, do not intend to take up arms in open rebel lion. They claim that they will "struggle” as Mahatma Gandhi did, by "non-violence.” But it looks as if they hope to pro duce a situation in which some body else will use violence in their behalf. After that, they seem to thank, will come the downfall of President Ngo Dinh Diem and his government. Ostensibly the agitation is to enforce "five demands,” the first of which concerns flag flying, and to obtain "relig ious freedom,” the absense of which is not apparent. By now some of the leaders are admit ting in private that the real goal is political: to topple the gov ernment. (Continued on Page 5) KNIGHTS OF COLUMBUS State deputy, Barney Dunstan, center of Augusta, looks on as District Deputy Danny Keane , right, presents the Grand Knight’s gavel to Joe Ebberwein for the year 1963-64. After the installation ceremonies Mr. Dunstan spoke to Savannah Council #631 and presented Past Grand Knight Earl Holmen a certificate of achievement from the Supreme Council. The installation was held July 24 in Savannah.