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Seventh Week
The Southern Cross, November 21, 1963—PAGE 3
Vatican Council In Review
VATICAN CITY (NC)—The
ecumenical council Fathers
ended their discussion of the
schema on bishops and dioce
san governments during the
seventh week of their second
session and were ready to move
on to debate the draft propo
sal on ecumenism.
During the week the Fathers
also voted favorably on the
amended text of the draft de
cree on communications me
dia. A final vote remained to be
taken on the schema after the
incorporation of suggestions by
Fathers who voted "favorable
with reservations." But it was
expected that the decree would
be promulgated before the end
of November.
The draft decree calls for a
united effort to put modern
means of communication to ef
fective use in the apostolate and
to oppose the harm they are ca
pable of doing. But while
reminding civil authorities of
their obligation to preserve the
common good, it also points out
their duty to "defend the just
freedom of information."
Distributed to Fathers was
a revised schema on the litur
gy which included recommen
dations made in an earlier vote
by those casting "favorable with
reservations" ' ballots. A vote
on the revised schema was
scheduled for Nov. 18.
At the beginning of the week
the four U. S. cardinals pre
sent at the council expressed
differing views on Chapter III
of the schema on bishops and the
government of dioceses, which
deals with national bishops’
conferences.
Francis Cardinal Spellman
of New York and James Fran
cis Cardinal McIntyre of Los
Angeles opposed giving such
conferences jurisdictional pow
er over individual bishops. Jo
seph Cardinal Ritter of St. Lou
is favored it but within limita
tions. He said that conferences
should have the power to bind
individual bishops only in mat-
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ters referred to them by the
Holy See.
Cardinal Spellman, the last
U. S. Cardinal to speak on the
topic, had high praise for the
usefulness of national bishops’
conferences. But he said (Nov.
13):
"Each bishop must remain
free in his diocese, even though
he be morally bound to cooper
ate with other bishops for mat
ters going beyond the limits of
his own diocese.
"We should leave to plenary
councils under the presidency
of an apostolic legate the right
to put juridical obligations on
individual bishops. If national
conferences, which are not un
der the presidency of papal le
gates, had this power, then they
would have more authority than
plenary councils, and this is
contrary to the whole of ec
clesiastical tradition."
He was supported by Joseph
Cardinal Frings of Cologne,
Germany, who said: "It is
better for the decrees of the
conferences not to have juri
dical binding force."
At the Nov. 13 meeting the
issue of auxiliary bishops was
raised by Auxiliary Bishop Ger
ald V. McDevitt of Philadel
phia, who objected to the text’s
use of the term "merely" when
referring to titular bishops. He
said:
"The council has made its
mind clear that episcopal con
secration incorporates a man
into the episcopal college and
gives him the fulness of epis-
cdrial powers. The present text
says that 'merely’ titular bish
ops can be called to takepartin
a national conference and be
given either a deliberative or
consultative vote. The text
would be much more logical if
it stated that all titular bishops
filling some office in a coun
try, such as auxiliaries and
coadjutors, are automatically
members of the national con
ference with the same right of
suffrage as in an ecumenical
council."
The next day (Nov. 14) Stef
an Cardinal Wyszynski, Prim
ate of Poland, gave council Fa
thers a glimpse of conditions in
his communist-ruled coun
try when he spoke of the Polish
Bishops’ Conference. He said:
"The bonds uniting the mem
bers of the conference are more
■ •'*. ’ •>!»•*■ i >lL
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moral than judicial. Still, all
the bishops have been obliged
to attend the meetings in order
to seek out common protection
agaiqst the common danger of
militant atheism confronting
them all. The Church in Poland
has been able to maintain its
positions in the face of grave
difficulties thanks to the united
efforts of its bishops through
their national conference.”
Warm applause greeted the
Cardinal at the end of "his
speech.
Bernard Cardinal Alfrink of
Utrecht, the Netherlands, then
noted that several Fathers had
spoken as if national episco
pal conferences are a reflec
tion of episcopal collegiality.
He said:
"This collegiality is a char
acteristic of the entire body of
bishops and can never be trans
ferred to any national gathering.
No national conference repre
sents the whole body of the
Church’s bishops and thus it
cannot reflect collegiality in a
strict theological sense.”
Later, Joseph Cardinal Lq-
febvre of'Bourges, France, also
noted that discussions in the
council had indicated a degree
of confusion on the concept of
episcopal collegiality as ap
plied to national episcopal con
ferences. He said:
"We must distinguish be
tween the collegiality of the
bishops under the pope for the
entire world and the collegial
ity which is proper to bish
ops assembled in national con
ferences. In the two cases the
term cannot be used in the same
sense.
“In one sense the term 'col
legiality’ refers to the pope with
the bishops assembled in ecu
menical council. The pope does
not depend on the college of bi
shops” and this college has no
solidity except in and through
the Vicar of Christ. Any miss
ion of power of the episcopal
college is dependent on the head.
This is collegiality of divine or
igin. The term can be used only
in an analogical sense when
applied to national episcopal
conferences. We cannot use
strictly juridical terms in this
connection.”
On Nov. 14 discussion of the
chapter of bishops and dioces
an government was closed and
debate begun on Chapter IV
dealing with the reorganization
of diocesan boundaries. Its in
tent is to eliminate excessive
ly small or large Sees and
bring ecclesiastic provinces in
to line with civil division.
What was clearly to be the
chief point at issue in this
chapter—the revision of an
cient diocesan boundaries—was
opened by Bishop Alexan
dre Renard of Versailles,
France.
Speaking in terms of his own
nation, 1 he said: "There have
been few changes in the dio
cesan structure of French dio
ceses since the time of Pium
VII and Napoleon. It is true
that the Church is eternal, but
time and living conditions often
move faster than the decrees
of ecclesiastical authority.
"Changes are needed in dio
cesan structure in such a way
as to ensure the presence of
the Universal Church in partic
ular localities. For this there
cannot be any one overall cri
terion. We must provide for the
vitality of a new diocese through
a proper number of Religious
and through sufficient financial
resources. The diocese cannot
be so vast as to prevent the bi
shops from regular visitation.”
Bishop Franciszek Jop for
Opole, Poland, held on the con
trary that "the principle that all
small dioceses should be sup
pressed is not acceptable. Many
of them have great historical
significance. But in many cases
several such dioceses could be
grouped together without the
necessity of brutal suppres
sion.”
The meeting of Nov. 15 fo
cused chiefly on the idea of a
“personal diocese.”
The idea appeared to be des
igned for those circumstances
where Catholics of a particul
ar rite or language, scattered
throughout a nation or territory,
would be administered by a rov
ing bishop, who, in a manner of
speaking, would carry his dio
cese in his hat.
The question of "personal
dioceses” was raised by Bishop
John Velasco, O.P., of Amoy,
China. There is an article in
the text about special dioceses
for differences in rite, he com
plained, but none based on lan
guage or race.
Other speakers of the dayi
were opposed to the idea of a
"personal diocese." The first
of them was Archbishop Domin
ic Athaide, O.F.M. Cap., of Ag
ra, India, who said:
"In principle there should be
one Ordinary in each diocese
over all the faithful in the ter
ritory without distinction of rite
. . . The principle should be that
in a Latin diocese all the faith
ful of whatever rite are subject
to that Ordinary, and in an Or
iental diocese all the Latins
should be subject to the lo
cal Ordinary. Such an arrange
ment avoids the problems of
overlapping jurisdiction and
dissipation of energy. On the
other hand, it demonstrates the
real equality of rites and the
real unity of the Church.”
Speculation
On Future
Of Council
By Father Placid Jordan, O.S.B.
VATICAN CITY (NC)—Au
thorities in charge of St. Peter’s
basilica are anxious that it not
be taken over again as the
meeting place of the ecumeni
cal council a year from now.
It has been learned reliably
that these authorities view the
council sessions as making it
difficult to fulfill the require
ments of the large numbers of
tourists who wish to visit the
historic church, and to sched
ule properly many events such
as canonization and regular lit
urgical functions.
One plan now being consid
ered as a solution to the prob
lem is to provide space for a
council chamber in the build
ing projected for the Vatican
grounds to accomodate .the
collections of the Lateran Mu
seum. These include collections
of statues and other objects
from ancient Rome, and must be
moved from the Lateran Palace
in downtown Roms to make room
for consolidation of the offices
of the Rome vicariate. The
thought in some circles is that
the new building to house the
collections could be built to
include a council chamber, and
be turned over for museum use
only after the end of the coun
cil.
Execution of such a project,
however, would require between
two and three years. This would
fit in with the thinking of those
council Fathers who would pre
fer that the present council be
closed after a third session, to
be reconvened only after intri
cate problems now being rais
ed in the council are thorough
ly clarified.
There is one solid indication
concerning the schedule of the
council for next year; Pope Paul
VI is understood to have told a
group of Indian bishops whom
he received in audience on Oct.
31 that the international euchar-
istic congress, scheduled in
Bombay from Nov. 28 to Dec. 6
next year need not necessarily
interfere with the council’s
work.
The Pope expressed the view
that if it is decided to hold the*
council’s third session in the
fall, it might be scheduled for
early September and the great
er part of October, allowing
ample time for bishops to get
to India for the eUcharistic con
gress.
Whatever decision is taken on
future sessions, it is hoped
by all concerned that in addi
tion to the liturgy schema at
least the draft proposal on the
nature of the Church and the one
on ecumenism be disposed of
before the final council ad
journment. The projected 17th
schema, which deals with the
presence of the Church in the
modern world, and which is
particularly important in view
of public interest in the is
sues, might then not be debat
ed in detail. But a council pro
clamation would be issued in its
stead.
POPE PAUL VI — The
Bishop of Rome raises his
hand in blessing as he ar
rived for services at Rome’s
Verano Cemetery on All
Souls Day. The city’s mayor
Glauco Della Prota accom
panied him there. (NC
Photos)
AT BAPTISM IN ST. PETER’S BASILICA—Seven Fathers of the Council congratulated
the father of the baby after his baptism in St. Peter’s Basilica, Rome. Infant Stephen
Branchesi, shown with his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Alvaro Branchesi. The father is a
grand-nephew of Father Oliver Branchesi (extreme right), public relations director of
the Verona Fathers in the U. S. Visiting members of his family in Rome recently, he
arranged for the baby to be baptized in- the basilica. With them are (from left) Bishop
Angelo Barbisotti of Esmeraldas, Ecuador ; Bishop Diego Parodi of Balsas, Brazil; Bishop
Joseph David of Sao Mateo, Brazil; Very Rev. Gaetano Briani, superior general of the
Verona Fathers; Bishop Augustin Baroni of Khartoum, Sudan; Bishop Edward Mason
Of El Obeid, Sudan; and Monsignor Dominic Ferrarra, prefect apostolic of Mupoi, Sudan.
(NC Photos) ^
Holy Name Breakfast
Role Of Layman
Albany Topic
The members of the Holy
Name Society attended the 8:30
Mass at St. Teresa’s Church,
entering in procession and re
ceiving Holy Communion in a
group. Music during the Mass
was provided by St. Teresa’s
School choir. Following the
service the group adjourned to
the school auditorium where
breakfast was served by the
Knights of Columbus Council
3607. During the breakfast the
Glee Club of the parish Catho
lic Youth Organization pre
sented a program of folk songs,
featuring Patty Brundage and
Banks Burgess as soloists, i
ALBANY—The role of the
Catholic layman in today’s so
ciety was the topic of an address
given by Father Benedict La
Roche at the'annual Holy Name
Society Communion Breakfast.
James L. Bacon, Jr., presi
dent of the Holy Name Society,
acted as Master of Ceremonies,
and introduced the honored
guests: Asa D. Kelley, Jr.,
Mayor of Albany, Gil Barrett,
County Commissioner, BobMc-
Cormack, Sr., Knight of Malta
and Knight of St. Sylvester, and
Pat Field, head coach of the
Albany High School Football
team. Mr. Field said a
few words about the current
football season and introduced
the boys of the parish on the
team: Andy Cyganiewicz, Carl
Williams and Bob Hardin, who
with their fathers were guests
at the breakfast.
Mr. Kelly introduced the
principal speaker, Father
Benedict LaRoche, In his talk,
Father Benedict outlined the
special dual role the Catholic
layman should play in the world
today. "Because he is of God,
he must be a vital functioning
member of the Church. But be
cause God has also made him
for the City of Men, he must
immerse himself in the world
and become a competent part of
it. His only long-range goal is
to save his soul and the souls
of his fellow men. But he must
do this by attempting to make
Christ incarnate in the world
during his brief life span. He
achieves his goal through his
religion and through his life in
the world, according to the
talents and abilities God gave
him.”
Father Eugene Krygier, as
sistant pastor of St. Teresa’s
offered the invocation and Fa
ther Marvin LeFrois, pastor,
gave some closing remarks and
a prayer of thanksgiving.
Denounce Red
Poland’s Moves
Against Church
VATICAN CITY, (NC) — L’-
Osservatore Romano has refer
red to three anti-Church acts
by the Polish communist gov
ernment in recent days and said
they refute those who believe
that the "life of the Church in
Poland is full of promist” and
that coexistence "between
Catholicism and Marxism has
been happily achieved.”
The Vatican City daily sing
led out the nationalization of a
Catholic music school, the
drafting of seminarians for
military service and the con
fiscation of 60,000 copies of a
book containing the writings and
lectures of Stefan Cardinal Wy
szynski, Polish Primate.
The article said Polish offi
cials forcibly closed the school
of music founded by the Sale
sian Fathers at Przemysl and
that the closing brought about
"serious reactions to the
people." Though the gov
ernment showed itself callous
to public reaction, L’Osser-
vatore Romano said, "the Ca
tholic Faith of the Poles will
certainly not be uprooted by
closing down a school of sacred
music."
The article noted that despite
the church-st ate agreement of
1950 which "provided that
seminarians were to be exempt
from military service,” the
government has called up many
seminarians from seminaries
in Poxnan, Gniezno, Przemysl,
Warsaw and Tarnow and that it
appears whole classes have
been called to duty. It said:
"Not only was this pledge
(of 1950) disregarded, but the
government refuses to grant to
seminarians benefits granted to
other students who are exemp
ted from military training and to
spend a month in military ser
vice annually.”
In regard to Cardinal Wys-
zynski’s works, it said it has
been learned they were sent as
a personal gift to the Cardinal
in honor of the approaching mil
lennium of Poland’s Christian
ity by the World Alliance of
Catholic Women’s Organiza
tions.
Printed in Paris, the paper
said they arrived by train in
Warsaw in the last week of
September and were confiscated
by the Polish government on the
ground that "they endanger the
security and interests of the
state."
The 60,000 copies contained
three volumes of sermons which
the Cardinal had preached pub
licly in Poland in preparation
for the millennium. Prior to
printing, the sermons were
never questioned by the cen
sor’s office nor was the Car
dinal ever called to answer be
fore the law for their contents.
The volumes were sent to Je-
ziorno near Warsaw to be
ground to pulp, L’Osservatore
Romano reported.-
"All of this,” L’Osservatore
Romano said, "gives food for
thought. Firstly there is an in
sult to Cardinal Wyszynski.
Gratitude is not a sentiment
to be cultivated in the gardens
of communism, and the man who
only a few years ago was exalt
ed and honored as an enlight
ened patriot is now made to
appear at home and a broad
as a 'retrograde.’ ”
Official Lauds
Anti-Semitism
Statement
JERUSALEM, Israel (NC)—
Israel’s Minister for Religious
Affairs Zerah Wahrhaftig has
praised the chapter comdemn-
ing anti-Semitism in the schema
on ecumenism being debated by
the ecumenical council in Rome.
He told newsmen (Nov. 10):
"We see an important step
in the relationship of the Cath
olic Church toward the Jewish
people as indicated in eccles
iastical circles by the submis
sion of Cardinal Bea’s docu
ment to the ecumenical coun
cil. We appreciate it as a cour
ageous step on the road to er
adicate prejudice and correct
misunderstanding which has
caused the Jewish people such
untold suffering throughout mil-
lenia.”
* ‘The news about the
document submitted to the pres
ent session of the ecumenical
council has been received here
with appreciation. We are glad
about every manifestation of
good will and tolerance between
individuals and peoples, and
cherish every idea and action
designed to promote mutual re
spect among nations and relig
ious.
* ‘The Jewish people—who be
lieve in relationship to all man
kind that (Malachi 2, 10)'We all
have one Father, one God has
created us’—has been made to
suffer for millenia untold
persecutions. Therefore, we
welcome the courageous effort
to clear the way for improved
relationship and mutual respect
which is apt to rid us of the
scourge of anti-Semitism which
affects the human race."
Macon
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Council
Tidbits
By Father Placid Jordan, O.S.B.
VATICAN CITY (NC)—Disa
greements at the ecumenical
council did not keep some of
the council Fathers from feel
ing a mutual twinge when an
Italian soccer team lost to a
team from Moscow.
One of the Fathers, not sat
isfied with watching the game on
TV, got himself a ticket to
Rome’s Olympic Stadium where
his red skullcap made him stand
out in the mass of rabid fans.
He cheered the home team
along with the Romans and,
according to one sportscaster,
even made the Sign oftheCros?
when at one point the Russians
were getting the better of the
Italians. Like all the other fans,
the bishop walked away deject
ed when the Italians finally
lost. 4
- - - )
While at home between the
first and the second council
sessions, Auxiliary Bishop
Joseph Zimmermann of Augs
burg, Germany, one day was
giving the benefit of his Ro
man experiences to a group qf
lay people.
Among other things, he
talked about his neighbor at
the council, a mission bishop
from Africa.
"He is so poor," said Bir
shop Zimmermann, "he does
not even own a watch.”
Whereupon a blind man in his
audience spoke up and said:
Bishop, this my gold watch
is yours — give it to the poor
bishop.”
Now the mission bishop has
a watch. »
A great deal has been writr
ten about the coffee shops ip
St. Peter’s basilica.
Refreshments are served
there free of charge (no li
quor, of course) from 10:30
a.m. through to the closing
hour, about noon, whenever the
council is in session.
Americans would call them
snack bars, Italians call them
coffee bars. ,
One of the coffee shops is
called "Bar Jona,” from the
scriptural reference to St. Pe
ter as "bar Jona,” Aramaic
for "son of John.” More re
cently, the coffee shop on the
other side of the hall has been
dubbed "Bar-Rabas.” So scrip
tural inspiration appears to be
intense while the Fathers sip
their drinks as well as in the
council hall.
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