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SOUTHERN CROSS SUNDAY - FEB. 28
Vol. 45 No. 33
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SAVANNAH, GEORGIA, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1965
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CHANGES TO BRING
More Clarity,
Simplicity For
Sacred Liturgy
WASHINGTON (NO—The cel
ebration of the Mass undergoes
a second turn of the kaleidos
cope this March 7, the first Sun
day of Lent.
In line with the spirit of the
ecumenical council’s Constitu
tion on the Sacred Liturgy, the
turn is toward more simplicity
and clarity and greater free-
of action. The goal: to
Wig the whole Christian peo
ple into full, active and under
standing participation in the
work of giving praise and
thanksgiving to God, in both
song and spoken prayer.
Except possibly for a more
widespread use of the prayer of
the faithful — the short prayer
in litany form which comes im
mediately before the Offertory
anthem — there will be no more
English in the Mass in the U-
nited States than was introduc
ed three months ago, on Nov.
29.
There will be two striking
omissions. One is the dropping
of the 42nd Psalm, in the pray
ers at the foot of the altar. The
other is the elimination of the
last Gospel, so that the Mass
will conclude with the dismissal
and blessing.
These ommissions are in ac
cord with the “instruction” pre
pared by the postconciliar litur
gy commission in Rome and
made public last October.
Another change provided for
since then is the dropping of the
“Amen” immediately after the
recitation of the Lord’s Prayer.
While the priest and people to
gether pray the Our Father, the
priest immediately goes on to
the prayer enlarging on the fi
nal petition: “Deliver us from
every evil, past, present and to
come . . .” This expansion, or
so - called embolism, of the
Lord’s Prayer traditionally has
been recited in Latin silently.
While it will remain in Latin
in the United States for the time
being at least, the priest will
now recite it aloud, beginning,
‘.Libera nos . . .” Thus the peo
ple’s “Amen” to the Lord’s
Prayer will await the conclusion
of this prayer for deliverance
from evil.
Another prayer hitherto recit
ed silently which now will be
recited in a loud voice is the
Secret, or prayer over the of
ferings, which completes the
preparation of the bread and
wine in that part of the Mass
called the Offertory. It too re
mains in Latin.
The only change in the eu-
charistic prayer called the Can
on will be in the doxology at
its end: The words “per ipsum”
through “per omnia saecula sae-
culorum” — “through Him . . .
for ever and ever” — will be
recited by the celebrant in a
loud voice, to be followed by
the people’s great “Amen” of
ratification. The purpose here is
to stress this summary of the
eucharistic prayer. The cele
brant will lift the Chalice and
Host for the “little elevation”
throughout this final section,
omitting the signs of the cross
formerly made over them five
times. And he will wait to genu
flect until after the people’s
“Amen”.
All these are general norms.
Other changes will be made, but
not in the Mass texts. The man
ner of celebrating Mass will
vary from one diocese to anoth
er.
HEADLINE /■<
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NATION
Editor Honored
ATLANTA, Ga. (NC)-Gerard E. Sherry, managing editor of
the Georgia Ruletin Atlanta archdiocesan newspaper was named as
one of the “Good Neighbors of the Year” by the city of Atlanta
and the National Conference of Christians and Jews during 1965
Brotherhood Week (Feb. 21 to 27).
To Present Pallium
NEW ORLEANS (NO—Archbishop John P. Cody of New Or
leans is scheduled to be invested with the pallium at a ceremony
in St. Louis basilica on March 23. Lawrence Cardinal Shehan of
Baltimore will officiate. The pallium, a circular band of white wool
“worn about the shoulders, symbolizes the fullness of the episcopal
power.
VATICAN
Lenten Masses
VATICAN CITY (NO—Pope Paul VI will offer Mass in a dif
ferent church in Rome each Sunday of Lent as he did last year,
continuing a practice reintroduced by Pope John XXIII. The church
es he will go to this year have not yet been selected.
EUROPE
Reds Warn Bishops
VIENNA (NO—The bishops of Red-ruled Hungary have been
warned by Tarsadalmi Szemle, ideological organ of the Hungarian
Communist party to be wary of the influence of “reactionary
groups.” The publication, reaching here said the “reactionaries”
to attack communism on the basis of the agreement concluded
I September between Hungary and the Vatican. It also declared
i the bishops should not think that the change in the oath of
loyalty to the government by priests, which was made in the agree
ment, can be used to pursue aims at variance with the national
loyalty which is an obligation incumbent on everyone.”
Mixed Marriages
FREIBURG, Germany (NC) — Expected changes in Catholic
canon law concerning mixed marriage cannot alter the fact that
such marriage will remain “for Christians who are truly religious
an area of painful and continual conflict between fidelity to one’s
own religious community and personal love,” according to Archbish
op Hermann Schaeufele of Freiburg. While ecumenical understand
ing is being sought everywhere today, he said, mixed marriages “in
no way represent an ideal area for fraternal meeting of the faiths.”
• Picture Story on Page 3
CHARTERED BUSES were used by many C.Y.O. groups attending last week’s Con
vention in Savannah. This particular bus was chartered by the Macon and Warner
Robins group. Youths from that area are pictured boarding bus following conven
tion. Some of those pictured are from S avannah and are saying farewell to mem-
ers who were guests at their homes on Saturday evening.
(Staff photo by Bob Ward)
CARDINAL SHEHAN
Church In
United States
Faces Serious Challenges
ROME (NC)—Lawrence Cardi
nal Shehan of Baltimore said
here the U.S. Church faces se
rious challenges, but he advised
that the success of churchmen
a century ago in meeting their
problems is a lesson for today’s
Catholics.
The cardinal’s comments
came in a speech broadcast
(Feb. 22) by Vatican Radio af
ter he had received the formal
written notification, called a
biglietto, that Pope Paul V had
chosen him as a member of the
College of Cardinals.
Cardinal Shehan noted a set
of remarkable coincidences in
education and Church duties be
tween himself and James Car
dinal Gibbons, who 78 years ago
became Baltimore’s first cardi
nal.
These similarities extend even
to physical stature, jested Car
dinal Shehan who is five feet,
five inches tall.
“In both of us,” he said,
“slightness of stature was e-
nough to cause comment. Gib
bons’ biographers never fail to
mention his physical smallness.
(Of the approxiamtely 48 mil
lion U.S. Catholics, an estimat
ed 723,000 are Negroes, accord
ing to the Commission for the
Catholic Missions among the
Colored People and the Indians.)
The cardinal also cited Catho
lic education. Although vast and
vigorous because of Catholic ef
fort, money and sacrifice, he
said, its success has been limit
ed as is indicated by the fact
that less than 50% of the na
tion’s Catholic elementary and
secondary school - age children
attended such schools.
“And,” he added, “the cri
ticism of the quality of our ed
ucation on the part of many
within the Church underlines the
necessity of continually better
ing our educational endeavors.”
“The very fact that more
than half .of our children are in
schools which for all their many
good qualities and the dedica
tion of their teachers, are not
permitted to give formal recog
nition of a Supreme Being,
brings home to us the vastness
of the problem of their religious
instruction and the need to give
to it an importance at least
equal to that we attach to our
Catholic school system,” he
said.
This problem, he indicated,
does not end with elementary
and secondary schools. There is
the “burgeoning Catholic enroll
ment at secular colleges and u-
niversities,” added the cardinal,
a past president of the Nation
al Catholic Educational Associa
tion.
“Nor can the Church fail to
recognize her share of respon
sibility in meeting the crises
arising from the increasing se
cularization of America, from
the steady decline of the stan
dards of morality, from the dis
integration of the family and
the rapid increase of crime,” he
said.
The cardinal said an “impor
tant lesson” can be learned
from the early Catholic Church
leaders.
“They were able to meet their
challenges and to pass on to us
a strong vigorous Church, not
only because they had vision and
ability and energy, but also be
cause they had faith and confi
dence and charity.
“Alas, the newspapers not on
ly never fail to mention mine,
but actually on occasion have
denied to me, who have so lit
tle to spare, two full inches.”
The new cardinal noted that
Cardinal Gibbons and his col
laborators had to deal with mas
sive immigration, a hostile at
mosphere in education, antagon
ism of capital toward labor and
a fast growing Negro problem.
Yet, he said, as these early
Catholic church leaders, “with
far fewer resources at their dis
posal, met the problems of the
Church in the 19th and early
20th century, so we too with
God’s help will meet our prob
lems of today.”
Modern challenges, he explain,
ed, include racial prejudice and
the Negro’s determination to ob
tain civil rights, equal treat
ment and racial justice.
“The very smallness of the
Catholic Negro population,” he
said, “emphasizes the Church’s
need to press forward with
greater vigor her mission to
and her wotk among the color
ed people.”
NEW AMERICAN CARDINAL — Lawrence Cardinal
Shehan, Archbishop of Baltimore, receives the biglietto
officially announcing his membership in the College
of Cardinals from Msgr. Piergiacomo cle Nicolo, at the
North American College in Rome (Feb, 22).
(NC Photos)
IN SACRED COLLEGE
Growing Needs In
Governing Church
Cause Of Increase
VATICAN CITY (NC)-Pope
Paul VI has told the College of
Cardinals that he gave it 27
new members because of the
help he needs in the “growing
gravity and complexity of the
central government of the
Church.”
At the secret consistory nam
ing the new cardinals (Feb. 22),
Pope Paul also told 36 of the
older cardinals that he had in
creased the membership of the
Sacred College to a record 103
as a sign of his love and affec
tion for the Church.
In his 1,000-word Latin ad
dress at the consistory the Pope
showed concern that his decision
to raise the number of cardi
nals be interpreted correctly.
Almost as if answering various
objections, he carefully outlined
his reasons for the increase.
To those who might object
that such an increase would les
sen the rank of cardinal the
Pope declared: “We believe that
because of the representative
character of the Church which
has lately been assumed in a
more evident manner by the
College of Cardinals, and be
cause of the functions of greater
responsibility in ecclesiastical
government which are entrusted
to it, the number now reached
should not seem excessive to
anyone. It may still be increas
ed further. We also believe that
this fact will not lessen the hon
or but, on the contrary, will
add to the prestige of the Sa
cred College itself.”
your support if you are outside
Rome and scattered about the
world in other concerns of ec
clesiastical ministry.”
In several parts of his speech
the Pope stressed the consulta
tive role of the College of Cardi
nals. Early in the speech he
used the descriptive phrase “this
senate of ours.”
Later, speaking of increasing
the College’s efficiency, he sign
ified that “more than adding
new honors and privileges, we
will have to ask for new serv
ices.”
In a parenthetical comment
on episcopal collegiality, he said
that “(even if it is intended to
entrust to the episcopate the ex
ercise of every faculty which is
not contrary to the principles of
order and conformity on which
the united life of the Church
must be based),” nevetheless
increased membership in the
College of Cardinals is needed
because of the “growing and
complexity of the central gov
ernment of the Church.”
Again as if answering critic
ism, the Pope stated: “The eyes
of the world may regard as a
vanity our decision to increase
the number and the dignity of
the cardinals who will surround
the pontifical throne. Instead let
the eyes of every Catholic . . .
regard it as our concern to show
the various members of which
the visible body of the Church
consists our affection, our es
teem and our veneration.
Referring to the three East
ern-rite patriarchs who were
named to the College at the con
sistory, the Pope said:
“Rather than make them bow
to our reverence, which is al
ready known and secure, we
wish to draw them closer to the
dignity of our apostolic office.
We wish not so much to add to
the splendor of the exterior
structure of this ‘ Holy Roman
Church as to kindle even more
its inner communion. We wish
to add, certainly not to any
false power, but to its spiritual
virtue.
“We wish to mark, certainly
not the distance of the supreme
ecclesiastical organs from the
people of God, nor their dis
tance from the profane mankind
about them, but instead to dem
onstrate their nearness, dedica
tion and service.
It was clear from the Pope’s
words that he was answering
some criticism among Eastern-
rite Catholics which found in
the naming of their patriarchs
to the College some lessening of
the status of the patriarchs.
In his address the Pope noted
that the “new cardinals are, in
fact, chosen from among the
most varied and remote nations
of the world and they bring to
us representation of no less than
four continents and 20 nations,
some of which are experiencing
for the first time the honor of
seeing one of their citizens re
ceived into this elect College.”
The Pope then briefly review
ed the variety of persons cho
sen for the honor of becoming
cardinals, beginning with the pa
triarchs called “from the ven
erable and ancient Oriental
churches . . . which makes them
illustrious and worthy of our
brotherly and special observ
ance, and which joins them to
your College with particular re
gard to their dignity and singu
lar canonical position.”
The first reason that had led
him to increase membership,
Pope Paul said, was “to pre
serve and add to the excellence
and the efficiency of the College
of Cardinals.”
Noting the growing complexity
of central Church administra
tion, the Pope declared: “Our
need increases for your coopera
tion in the Roman curia or for
“We wish, is fact, to honor in
the brothers whom we join to
this Sacred College the patri
archal and episcopal Sees, the
traditions, the institutions, the
works and the spiritual forms
which they so worthily personi
fy.”
This, he said, was his second
reason for expanding member
ship in the College.
PACEM IN TERRIS MEET
‘Shameless Opportunism’
Of Small Nations Chided
NEW YORK (NO — The
world’s small and great powers
alike came under fire for their
current policies during an inter
national convocation here on
Pope John XXIII’s peace en
cyclical, Pacem in Terris.
Alberto Lleras Camargo, for
mer president of Colombia,
charged that many small nations
are guilty of “shameless oppor
tunism” and said their contribu
tion to peace is zero.’’
Chief S. O. Adebo, Nigerian
ambassador to the United Na
tions, accused the great powers
of giving smaller nations a
“simply deplorable” example of
excessive nationalism.
Both men were participants in
a panel discussion on the role
of non-nuclear powers held dur
ing the peace meeting sponsored
by the Center for the Study of
Democratic Institutions.
Some 1,200 persons from West
ern, Soviet bloc and non-aligned
nations attend the convocation
in the New York Hilton Hotel.
Lleras Camargo criticized the
“hypocritical tendency” of some
non-nuclear nations to apply “a
very high standard of perform
ance to those powers that have
done most ... to comply with
their national and international
obligations” while at the same
time acquiescing silently in “the
fact that a huge part of the
world is governed, as a matter
of principle .without any respect
for the rights of human beings
or nations.”
“Countries in the middle, but
especially in the less developed
regions, which speak of non-
alignment in this fight between
the two great powers give up
the quest for the triumph of hu
man rights and jeopardize the
right of nations to be free,” he
said.
He called on non-nuclear na
tions to shoulder a larger share
of the burden of preserving
world peace and charged that
the smaller nations “sit in si
lence and wait for the nuclear
powers to chart the course of
the world . . . This is a grave
mistake.’’
Many smaller nations, by their
actions “are greatly abetting
the possible outbreak of war,”
he stated. “In addition they are
willingly offering themselves as
a stage on which the nuclear
powers can test their strength
and make their decisions. They
are a laboratory, just as Spain
before World War II served as
a testing ground to the effective
ness of new military devices
and the degree of reaction of a
frightened Europe.”
Chief Adebo, deploring the bad
example of the great powers,
said that “if nationalism is a
danger to international interde
pendence, as I believe it is, the
greater danger comes from the
nationalism of the older and
greater powers.”
He complained that developed
countries “do not usually give
the kind of aid we want,” but
instead slant their foreign as
sistance with the aim of devel
oping markets for their own ex
ports or making “satellites” of
the countries they assist. He
said aid should be given with
“no improper strings” attached.
For their part, he added, aid
receiving countries have an ob
ligation to use foreign assistance
to bring the maximum benefit
to the largest number of their
people.
Further, he declared to ap
plause, “I don’t have respect
for anybody who received aid
from ‘X’ and responds with a-
buse of ‘X’.
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