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PAGE 2 — The Southern Cross, February 12, 1970
SENATOR CHURCH
Guidelines Offered For
U.S. - Latin America Ties
BY JAIME FONSECA
(NC NEWS SERVICE)
WASHINGTON (NC)- A
U.S. senator’s plan for
improving relations with
Latin America--in trade, aid
and politics--throws the
weight of responsiblity on the
Nixon administration.
Addressing the seventh
conference of the Cahtolic
Inter-American Cooperation
Program (CICOP) held here,
Senator Frank Church (D. —
Idaho) suggested that “we get
off the backs of our
neighbors” to the South,
“letting the changes take
place without insisting upon
managing or manipulating
them.”
Then he offered “some
guidelines I would favor for a
new U.S. policy toward Latin
America in the 70’s:”
-“Begin to adopt trade
regulations that give the
developing countries in Latin
America a better break . ..
and give the most serious
consideration for their urgent
appeals for preferential
treatment.”
--“We must start to
observe, well as praise, the
principle of non-intervation.”
-“We should bring home
our military missions, end our
grant-in-aid and training
programs, and sever the
intimate connections we have
sought to form with the
military establishments of
Latin America.”
--‘‘Commence the
liquidation of our bilateral
govern me nt-to-government
economic AID program,
effecting at the same time a
shift to the World Bank, the
Inter-American Development
Bank and other multilateral
institutions.”
--The newly-established
U.S. Overseas Private
Investment Corporation
(OPIC) “could play a useful
role, if it encourages the right
kind of investment, directing
it away from the sensitive
resource areas and pointing it
toward joint ventures in
which Latin Americans will
share largely in both
ownership and management.”
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Senator Church stated that
in trade matters, “the
political hurdles of such a
course are high,” said that
“the strongest presidential
leadership will be necessary.”
Then he said that except
in any situation short of a
direct threat to the security
of the United States, “let
there be no more military
interventions, 1965 style, in
the Dominican Republic or
elsewhere.”
On economic assistance,
the senator’s proposals called
for the Department of State
to start negotiations to ease
debt payments now so
burdensome to many Latin
American governments; and
“this, too, lies within the
authority of the Presdient.”
He then suggested that the
recently established
Inter-American Social
Developement Institute,
properly staffed and
administered, be the main
channel for U. S. funding for
public housing, schools,
hospitals, family , planning
programs and other social
work in Latin America. He
also recommended that the
Institutie “emphasize the use
of matching grants instead of
loans, and it will deal not
d i rectly with Latin
governments but with private
groups, unions, cooperatives
and charitable foundations.”
In an often-repeated
criticism of military aid in
Latin America Senator
Church commented:
“After all, the recent war
between El Salvador and
Honduras was made possible,
in large part, by your gift of
arms and training programs
eagerly extended to both
sides. This is a messy business
for the United States to mix
in.”
While the senator laid the
major weight for initiative on
the Administration, he
recognized however that the
American public at large has
to support such policy
changes.
Luis Alberto Gomez de
Souza, a Brazilian working
for the U.N. Economic
Commission for Latin
America, gave a wider scope
to criticism of inter-American
relations. “The critical
analysis of the dependence of
Latin America shouldn’t be
just a pretext for the United
States to modify its foreign
policy, but should also give
them guidelines to
understand their own internal
system.”
“This could be one of the
major contributions of this
meeting,” Gomez added.
The Brazilian economist
had been explaining to some
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stages of “dependence,
conscientization and
liberation” which mark
today’s picture throughout
the continent.
“Conscientization” has
been all along the main issue
of the CICOP debate. Among
several explanations of this
term one seems to register
best with most Americans at
the meeting: the awareness of
one’s condition and of one’s
contribution to change for
the better.
Gomez de Souza, however,
gave a long dissertation on
the three stages, going back
into history of colonial Latin
America, its wars of
independence, and the
persistence of its economic
dependence first from Europe
and the from the United
States. But he did not look
for scapegoats.
“I do not look for good
nations and villain nations,
for it is not at the level of
states that the heart of the
problem lies, but rather in the
world structure of the
capitalist system.”
“Capitalism,” he said, “is
no longer at the creative
point of history, but has
withdrawn within itself,
marked by economic,
political and cultural crisis
and by contradiction.” The
youth workers andntellectuals
in Latin Anerica reject this
system “because there are
new historical alternatives in
gestation.”
Latin America, Gomez de
Souza explained, is looking
for answers within her
specific character, her own
“consciousness”; but “the
cultural autonomy which is
sought does not mean a naive
recreation of a native
culture” at any rate not that
which had emerged from
European, Amerindian and
African influenced. Then in
an approximation of the
phrase “doing our own thing”
the speaker referred to
“conscientization as
accomplished in action.”
“The gaining of conscious
awareness started with
different concrete
experiences,” he said. “One
of the choice places to see the
unfolding of the process of
becoming consciously aware
is the Catholic Church.”
The Medellin guidelines
approved by the Latin
American bishops at that
Colombian city in 1968, and
which heavily endorse
“conscientization”, were the
product of longtime,
“actions, experiments,
study.”
“Medellin crystalized the
maturation of the process of
conscientization in Latin
America ... .It doesn’t deal
only with denunciation of
inhuman structures, but it
preaches the need to liberate
man in all his dimensions.”
Gomez de Souza
indicated, however, that
Medellin is not the sole
answer. “The experience of
liberation is basically
political” and comes from
many non-conformist groups
who share “the Utopian
ambition to change the
world.”
“To think of the
transformation of some
societies supposes changes in
others . . .If the present social
structures are maintained, the
dependence (of poor from
rich) will continue, making
the liberation of the Third
World countries impossible.
The alternative would be a
critical reform of the
socio-economic capitalist
system at all levels, from the
smallest unit of production to
international relations. Are
we ready for that reform, the
Americans and the Latin
Americans?”
Apparently Senator
Church had asked himself
that same question, and
found a different answer. At
one point of his speech he
said:
“Obviously, if such
profound internal changes
can be accomplished at all,
they can be brought about
only by the Latin Americans
themselves.
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FATHER JOHN J. O’BRIEN, a priest of the Diocese of Savannah assigned to the Pastoral Training
Program in New Orleans, represented the Savannah Diocese at a meeting of representatives from
16 diocese of the South Central States at New Orleans January 29 in conjunction with the 24th
annual American Catholic Overseas Aid Fund Appeal, which will be conducted in the Savannah
Diocese on Sunday, March 8th. Here, Father O’Brien is shown with Bishop Edward E. Swanstrom,
executive director of Catholic Relief Service (center) and Bishop Abel Caillouet, Auxiliary Bishop
of New Orleans, (Photo, courtesy of New Orleans Clarion Hearld - Frank Methe)
Vatican Urges—
(Continued from Page 1)
the day on which Christ the
Lord conferred upon the
Apostles and upon us His
priesthood, do you desire to
renew the promises that you
made one day, before your
bishop and before the holy
people of God?”
The priests reply together
“Yes.”
The bishop: “Do you
desire to be more intimately
united to the Lord Jesus, and
more like Him, renouncing
yourselves in the joy of your
consecration through celibacy
and through obedience to
your bishop?”
souls?”
The priests: “Yes.”
Variations of the basic
formula may be used.
Largely because of
requests from missionary
bishops who would be hard
pressed to assemble a
cross-section of their far-flung
clergy, the Holy See has
suggested that this rite may
be carried out on several
different days and in
different places. Another
difficulty pointed out stems
from the many liturgical and
pastoral duties priests have on
Holy Thursday.
The Holy See’s circular
pointed out that the Second
Vatican Council had
demanded that all newly
ordained priests continue
pastoral studies for a year to
provide an easier passage
from the seminary to the
active ministry.
The letter said Church
renewal depends upon the
formation of priests and their
continued education during
the early years of their
ministry.
Consolidation
The Priests: “Yes.”
The bishop: “Do you
desire to be faithful
dispensors of the mysteries of
God through the Eucharistic
celebration and the other
liturgical acts, faithfully
fulfilling the ministry of
preaching, imitating Christ as
the head and the pastor,
without self-interest and
concerned solely with zeal for
College students from five
colleges within the diocese
were asked to give their
opinions about various areas
of church life during a recent
conference held at St. John’s
Center, Savannah.
Percentages based on
individual responses to a
questionnaire showed an
overall positive attitude
toward the renewal of the
Church.
On liturgy, the group gave
a ninety-plus percent
endorsement of the use of
English, Mass facing the
people, and guitar music.
They were not so pleased
with the sermons they usually
hear. Over sixty percent
disagreed with the statement
that sermons are generally
helpful and interesting.
In a joint statement the
students indicated that the
changes had made the Mass
more “relevant and close to
the people, and should also
make it easier for Catholics to
relate to Protestants.” “Many
people, however, “have still
not changed their attitude to
worship,” they said. “For
them Mass is just a ritual to
be gone through each week.
It doesn’t mean that much.”
Questioned on their
attitudes toward religious
education, the students
responded that “the
Baltimore catechism is
extinct. Children should be
taught with relevancy in mind
so their religion will become
practical in the outside
world.” Reflecting back on
their own experience with
religion in high school they
said, “Most students didn’t
(Continued from Page 1)
Francis, who staff St. Pius
have stated in their
announcement, the action
they have taken is not so
much the closing of a school
as an “amalgamation” which
take the classes seriously, just
an hour to kill with the same
old stuff - lifeless,
meaningless and
uninteresting.” They were
over eighty percent opposed
to memorizing the catechism.
On questions of individual
morality, eighty-eight percent
disagreed with the statement:
“Every Catholic who
practices artificial birth
control commits a mortal sin
and will be punished in hell
for all eternity.” No one
agreed with the statement.
The others were unsure about
it.
Ninety-two percent
disagreed with the statement
that “Every Catholic who«is
divorced and remarried
commits a mortal sin and will
be punished in hell for all
eternity.” There was some
indication of a tendency
toward disbelief in eternal
punishment. Only 25% agreed
with the assertion: “God
punishes some sinners in hell
for all eternity.”
On social morality,
however, the great majority
of the group (over seventy
percent) favored the Church
taking strong stands on race,
poverty, war and peace. They
were even in favor of priests
and sisters participating in
demonstrations for the rights
of others. Seventy-nine
percent felt this should be
allowed. “If the Church does
not speak out, who will?”
they said.
The students were
attending an annual
conference sponsored by the
diocesan Newman
Apostolate.
will not only promote the
Christian demands of social
justice, but which will enable
the Church in Savannah to
offer its high school students
an increasingly better quality
education.
“I am sure that the
students of St. Pius and their
parents will agree with the
Sisters of St. Francis that in
America today, quality
education includes the
growth in knowledge and
maturity that can only come
when people whose lives are
oriented by the same spiritual
and moral values are able to
share them with one another.
Such sharing, of course, is not
possible when they are kept
apart by such artificial
barriers as the color of their
skins.
“I am happy to extend a
hearty welcome to the
faculty members of St. Pius X
who wfll be joining us at
Benedictine, and to the
students of St. Pius who will
become students of our
school. All of us at
Benedictine would like to
assure them that it is their
school, too.”
A spokesman for the
diocese said it is anticipated
that after 1971 the buildings
of Pius X High School will be
used for training programs
sponsored by the Savannah
Social Apostolate.
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BENEDICTINE
B. C. Cadets
On Honor Roll
Benedictine Military
School last week announced
its Honor Rolls for the first
semester of the academic
year. Twenty-three students
were named to the High
Honor Roll, requiring a mark
of 3.7 or better, while 83
cadets won place on the
Honor Roll for scoring from
3.00 to 3.69.
Achieving High Honors
were: SENIORS - Bruce
Baker, Neill Baker, Hal
Brown, Robert Herndon,
John Lyons, Thomas Sanders,
Daniel Scarwid.
JUNIORS -- James
Buttimer, Paul Harris, William
Sutlive, James Waters,
Edward Whelan.
SOPHOMORES - Michael
Burke, William Doyle, Joseph
Griffin, Joseph Lamb, George
Lingenfelser, James Muller,
Michael Rochefort.
Tim Walsh.
JUNIORS - Kim Abbott,
Rochell Ball, Ted Crozier,
William Crump, Thomas Fall,
William Gray, Vincent
Grevemberg, Edward Hood,
Chris Kobleur, William Lamb,
Walter Murphy, Albert
Oetgen, George Patrick, Neil
Shernoff.
SOPHOMORES - Tony
Abbott, Michael Albertino,
William Bostock, William
Bremer, Richard Brown, Ross
Clark, Doyle Crider, Robert
Elmore, Kevin Finnegan,
Gary Fogarty, Thomas J.
Fogarty, Stephen Friedman,
Frederick Jones, Fred
Lindsay, Ernest Muller,
Harold Rahn, H. Joseph
Rowland, Robert Russell,
Andy Ryan, George Sevier,
David Shea, Ray Thornton,
Bob Whitmarsh, Charles
Williams, Mark Williams,
Bruce Wright.
FRESHMEN - William
Caldwell, Gary Moylan,
Michael Patterson, Mark
Shawe.
Winning places on the
Honor Roll were: SENIORS
- Robert Blumenfeld, William
Brennan, Joseph Buttimer,
Thomas Coleman, Ricky
Doyle, Joseph Herb, Allen
Horne, William Johnston,
Michael McFeeley, Michael
Olson, Thomas Porzio,
Kenneth Raskin, Edward
Roy, Robert Shuman, Steven
Smithbert. LaVerne South,
FRESHMEN - Brian
Baker, Patrick Bremer,
Timothy Buttimer, Brian
Cannon, Scott Center, Patrick
Conn, Sean Finnegan, Frank
Griffen, Jack Harper, Joseph
Harty, Brett Highland, Lee
Hobbs, Michael Horne,
Michael Lawless, John
Lingenfelser, Patrick O’Brien,
Dan O’Leary, Michael
O’Neill, Thomas Roberts,
Reginald Robinson, Ralph
Rowland, Richard Ryan,
Chester Spell, Chris
Thompson, Frank Wagman,
Charles A. Wolfe.
MEMBER OF WARNER ROBINS Scout Troop 122 are shown
at flag-raising ceremonies in connection with Scout Week in
Warner Robins.
TROOP 122
Scout Week In
Warner Robins
Scout Week in Warner
Robins was kicked off with
the raising of the colors over
the city by Troop 122,
sponsored by the Knights of
Columbus Council 4371.
Messrs Thornton and Homer
supervised the day’s activities
which included erecting tents
on the grounds facilty City
Hall. During the day, senior
patrol leaders and junior staff
demonstrated the many skills
of scouting.
“Skills and ideals learned
through scouting become a
part of each scout’s life,
making a richer, rewarding
togetherness in his family,”
said Mr. W. G. Horner, Troop
Committeeman for publicity.
Scoutmaster Darmetko is
presently serving a tour of
duty with the Armed Forces
but will be on hand for the
monthly cam pout, Homer
said.
Scouts taking part in the
ceremonies and activities
were: James Nichols, Howard
and John Kukla, John
Proctor, Richard and Jon
Homer, Steve Farner, Roger
DeBonn, Bill Thornton,
Arthur Fernandez, Larry &
Bob Bradford, Mark
Schroeder and Larry Ness.
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