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growth may be matched. In some
cities, like Pittsburgh, Cleveland,
Detroit, Miami, Washington, there
were only one or two Reform Con
gregations. Today there are three
in Pittsburgh, five in Cleveland,
three in Detroit, six in the Miami
area, three in Washington. Doubt
less the same kind of development
has taken place in the Conservative
movement.
In this connection it is of interest
to note how the congregations dev
elop in Suburbia. As a rule when a
new community is formed, usually
as a result of a large building op
eration, where an estate, farm or
country club will be transformed
into a locale of a hundred to five
hundred modest homes, there will
be an influx of Jewish families,
many of them headed by an ex-
G.I., most of them young and with
one or more young children. The
newly formed community result
ing from the proximity of a number
of new houses, many of them but
partly and sparsely furnished, be
gins, to take on character and to
create pattern when a number of
the families get together, usually
in one of the living rooms or base
ment play areas to consider the
formation of a congregation. Almost
always it is a congregation which
the new Jewish community estab
lishes first; not a social club, not
a community center, not a ceme
tery, but a Synagogue, even though
many of the new Synagogues have
designations Jewish Community
Center of , they are to all
intents and purposes Synagogues
and their memberships form con
gregations.
There are other important causa
tive factors making for the crea
tion of a Synagogue in a suburban
community besides mere proximity
of a number of Jewish families. The
desire for identification as Jews,
the interest in the education of
children, a sense of community
mindedness that sees the character
istic American group organization
in the community as church and
synagogue, the desire to escape the
anonymity of their former apart
ment-dwelling status and the feel
ing that the householder and home-
owner has a real stake in the com
munity and ought to be visibly and
actively represented at their best;
all combine to encourage the new
suburbanite to form a congrega
tion or to join one.
In the new’ community the first
goal is the formation of a single
Synagogue, the erection of one sim
ple structure to house the congre
gation. Sometimes the effort will
be made to have one Synagogue
serve the needs of all elements in
the community. The effort is never
too successful except in making the
unknowing, and most of those who
settle in the suburb are in that
class, turn to the study of Judaism,
of Jewish ritual, forms and prac
tices, of ideas and backgrounds in
the development of Judaism in
America. The new congregation
usually turns out to be a Conserva-
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