Newspaper Page Text
Friday, December 24, 1965
THE SOUTHERN ISRAELITE
Page Kw
Harry Golden
(From Page 1)
readers and particularly the
young boys and girls in our uni
versities who wince at the hate
sheet that attempts to link the
Jews with communism. I wanted
them to know that it is only since
the advent of Bolshevism that the
anti-Semite has used this pretext
for his insanity. Only forty years,
no more. But for a century before
the Bolshevik revolution the anti-
Semite made out a pretty good
case against the Jews on the
charge that they had invented
capitalism.
It is important for Jewish col
lege boys and girls to know this.
I said the century before the
Bolshevik revolution but it goes
four hundred years earlier when
a devastating anti-Semitism was
born on the charge that the Jews
had inaugurated the mercantile
age and therefore upset every
thing.
Thus by mid-19th century a
great crop of anti-Semite intel
lectuals began to write their
books. These men were success
ful in establishing the myth that
before the Jews invented cap
italism, the Gentiles were distri
buting gold pieces to the poor
and were spending all their time
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seeking the Holy Grail. Dr. Mir
iam Beard at Princeton in her
monumental work on anti-Semi
tism says it so beautifully: 'Mod
ern anti-Semitism was based on
the charge that Jews invented
capitalism and by so doing en
ticed the gentiles from the Table
Round to the Stock Exchange.”
And you take Brooks Adams of
one of the most noble American
families spending his declining
years hating the Jews because he
said “By their invention of cap
italism they gave rise to the mid
dle class and destroyed our world
of priests, knights, peasants, and
artisans.”
The Leo Frank case was the
last time this charge of capital
ism was used against the Jews
with great effect. We need to in
struct our people to the fact that
these pretexts are based on the
burden the Jews carry, because
of the phenomenon that they
have been contemporaneous with
all of recorded history and there
fore can be identified with all the
social upheavals of history.
But more than that, I wanted
to document the anatomy of the
mob. Those who want to read into
it a special polemic against At
lanta or against Georgia or
against Southerners are either
unfair or possessed of an uncom
mon sense of guilt or inferiority.
The anatomy of the mob has
nothing to do with the fact that
the people happen to be Atlan
tans or Georgians or Southerners
and I think I made that unmis-
takeably clear in my book.
The Watts riot in Los Angeles
was brought about by the same
set of circumstances, based on
the same aggression against prop
erty. The mob that lynched Leo
Frank did not do it because it
was composed of Southerners.
Given the same set of circum
stances it could happen, and in-
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deed has happened, in every nook
and corner of the world. Poverty,
fear, hatred of the unfamiliar,
desperation, unemployment, a
sense of hopelessness; plus a Tom
Watson in Georgia; plus an Edou
ard Drumont in France, plus a
Josef Goebbels in Germany; plus
a Schmelnietki in the Ukraine,
plus a million other guys through
out the whole history of the
human progression. But one fac
tor without the other is not
enough. I shudder to think what
a Father Coughlin might have
done, a man as talented as Tom
Watson. He came along, luckily,
at a time when F. D. Roosevelt
was around with a New Deal. If
he (Coughlin) had come along,
let us say, two years earlier at
the depths of the depression, I
shudder to think what damage he
might have done to us with his
tirades against the Jewish
bankers. God help us when there
is a man talented enough to
whirl the people away from
themselves in hysteria, to point
to a recognizable demon who he
claims is the cause of all the sor
row and fear and sense of hope
lessness.
And as if all of this is not
enough, the Leo Frank case set
a new pattern in the process of
civil liberties in America. Just
imagine how Justice Oliver Wen
dell Holmes must have felt when
eight years after Leo Frank was
lynched he was able to read his
dissent in the Frank case as the
majority opinion of the Court.
Just one year ago Justice Bren
nan, in freeing a man out of
Sing Sing, cited Holmes’ dissent
in the Leo Frank case, which is
now the law of the land. From
the beeinning of our country to
the Holmes d'ssent on Leo Frank
the Supreme Court look one basic
attitude on an individual con
victed in a state court — State
process. The Supreme Court took
the position that if there was no
constitutional error in the trial
record it would go no further
into the innocence or guilt of the
man. The court said it reasonably
enough, the state offers the
defendant many avenues of re
lief; application for new trial, a
state supreme court, a state court
of appeals, a Board of Prisons
and Pardons, a Governor, and
why should we, the Supreme
Court interfere with state process
if there’s no constitutional error
in the trial record itself?
Justice Holmes said the ab
sence of a constitutional error in
the trial record is not enough.
There was a mob outside the
courtroom shouting “hang him,”
the evidence indicates that the
mob patted the jurors on the
back as they went to and from
their hotel, the evidence indicates
that spectators in the courtroom
cheered every time the prose
cutor made a good point, and so
the time has come for us to con
sider matters outside the trial
record. Frank’s conviction was
upheld 7 to 2, Justice Charles
Evans Hughes joined Justice
Holmes in the dissent and eight
years later in Moore v. Dempsey,
the Holmes dissent in the Frank
case was now the majority
opinion when they freed five
Negroes whose court trial in
volved the same set of circum
stances as Leo Frank’s. Justice
Holmes wound up his dissent
saying the constitution demands
that every man have a fair trial,
and a mob-dominated trial is not
a fair trial.
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Honoring
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February 20
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Mr. Harrison’s Dis
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and Beyond With Such
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Shrine to War Dead,
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AS TO MANY other
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