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Technion system adds vital
link in body heat reseach
Researchers at the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology’s Faculty
of Mechanical Engineering are studying the biomedical effects of body
heat transfer.
— Haifa
How does the human body con
trol its temperature in response to
climate, heat stress, exercise or
sleep? How can individuals who
work in dangerous environments
of extreme temperature range—as
deep sea divers, astronauts, or
firefighters—be adequately pro
tected? How can the human body
be heated or cooled without harm?
In a major contribution to the
foundations of heat transfer
science. Professor Avraham
Shitzer and Dr. Hillel Arkin of the
Technion-Israel Institute of Tech
nology in Haifa have developed
computer models of “body heat
transfer" -the first comprehensive
mathematically based analysis of
the distribution of heat in humans.
Their computer models simulate
the body’s temperature control
mechanisms and provide invalua
ble information for the increasing
number of medical and biological
applications in which temperature
plays a crucial role.
A better understanding of the
applications of therapeutic heat
and cold will have far-reaching
medical benefits. One fascinating
aspect is “hyperthermia”—a tech
nique in which heat is delivered
into a tumor in an effort to destroy
it.
In contrast, controlled “hypo-
thermia” can be used during
surgery to protect the cells by
reducing the body’s metabolism.
In combination with circulatory
arrest, it can control bleeding.
An improved ability to predict
and measure internal temperature
distribution will directly benefit
surgery utilizing electric currents,
freezing, or lasers. Eventually,
advanced techniques for freezing
or thawing human tissues will
allow them to be stored indef
initely.
In a related area, burn analysis,
computer models will enable phy
sicians to better diagnose the true
extent of burn wounds and
develop methods to provide more
effective treatment.
It is hoped that heat transfer
research will lead to the ability to
predict and counter the effects of
the prolonged exposure to hostile
environments on humans—as the
polar regions, deep space, under
water, where one is exposed to
extreme heat or cold—as well as
enhance everyday thermal com
fort.
This entire area of research has
been accentuated by the U.S. space
program. When the first American
walked in space, he was obliged to
return to the rocket capsule earlier
than planned: the original space
suit design did not adequately pro
tect the astronaut and its cooling
system required lifesaving im
provements.
A Technion graduate, Shitzer
designed and analyzed space suits
during a year’s fellowship at
NASA before joining Technion’s
Faculty of Mechanical Engineer
ing. Subsequently, he developed
water-cooled helmets to better
protect helicopter pilots. Shitzer
also has been investigating the
mechanical aspects of heating and
cooling in air conditioning and he
is a founding member of the Israel
Society of Heating, Refrigeration
and Air Conditioning Engineers
and numerous American and
Israeli professional societies.
Plenum Press of New York
recently published the major two-
volume work, “Heat Transfer in
Medicine and Biology: Analysis
and Applications,” co-edited by
Shitzer and Dr. Robert C. Eber-
hart, chairman of the Joint Pro
gram of Biomedical Engineeringat
the University of Texas Health
Science Center at Dallas.
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PAGE 15 THE SOUTHERN ISRAELITE March 28, 1986