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\ I ■MEtflHi AGRICULTURAL. From the Mobile Commercisl Register. GAMA GRASS. Some years ago, soy four or five, I read in •he Washington City, and eofne other public Guzi'Uoa, an accduntof the singularly valua ble properties of Gras*, found in the South West, and principally through the provinces of i?outli America, called by the Spaniards the “ Gama Grass” 1 think some time ago a communication appeared in your Ilfgistcj; On the nubjoct of Ibis grass,on an extract from Iho communication of some Spanish gentlemen. • On reading in the Washington City papers, however, a communication from a distinguish, c.d citizen of Maryland to the Agricultural So ciety, 1 determined to procure if possible, iho t ied of it, arid to ascertain whether or not it would be found to exhibit in Alubamn, mid its climate and soil, the same valuable qualities. From thu communication before mentioned, a Doctor Hardeman, of Missouri, was stated ns die gentleman to whom the country was in- rtolued for bringing into notice nnd usefulness tin. valuable vegetable acquisition. The Doc- tot was not unknown to me as one of those lew ininda who can blend together u fair nnd irtuuly pursuit after the good things df this life, with that happy degree ol philantbrnpliy which t oiinot bo satisfied without adding something to the general stock of human comfort nnd hap piness—und the antipode of those who can wrap thimseivoa up in the sluzy web of tdf, und contemplate every thing through that (to them delightful) medium. 1 lenrnid that his undergo any change, and it may be cut imme diately after the seed is all gathered,say by the middle of June. The seed is formed, making a jointed appearance at the end of the seed stalks, ripening mid falling off one seed at a time. They must he- watched and gathered daihj as different birds appear to watch lor them. -v Should the cultivation and possession of this plant prove a source of additional wealth, and ndd to the welfare of the citizens of your vicin ity, I .shall congratulate myself for my own good forlune in being instrumental in produ cing so desirable a circumstance. I shail for- wmd an additional parcel of sond this summer. Respectfully r your ob’t servant, AGRICOLA. The Southern Banner. EDITED CT ALSO* rviA v E AND ALFRED M. NISBKT. Tuesday, May 1, 1832. 5ftonus Jefferson.—Wo are happy al tlio present mo. inent, when so great a dlveisily of opinion prevails thrmighnnlthn country on the subject of our posturewitb repo hi to tho Supremo ftcurl, to he enabled to lay before our readers the opinion of Thomas Jefferson, which will lie found in our columns of this week, inn Idler addressed to Jndpc Roan. The opinion of such a man ns Jefferson on subjects relative to the constitutional gives tho United States, .“exelusive jurisdiction over tho Indians,*■ gives, as we have laid, exclusive juris diction over all foreign nations, and over tho whole American people. We surely need not pursue this subject farther.” As to the third provision be remarks, that wiih re gard to the war-making power, no war has ever been declared by Congress against an Indian tribe, but has alwaj's been prosecuted by iho Executive; and clearly establishes the fact that treaties, in National law, are compacts between sovereigns j and that tho arrange ments or compacts made between tho Indian tribes and General Government, does not assume that high char acter,or recognise mutual independence in the contfact- inp parlies; and further, that the power granted to the General CoveriwocBt to declare war, make peace, and do regulate conferee with the Indian tribes, was for the purpose of mutual protection, al a time when many of the Slates were unable to protect themselves against their then powerful und vindictive enemies; ou this •Hi ect lie says : 11 Conceding now, what however is not required, lImt Under iho Constitution, and for the purposes of defence mid security, tho general government has a control over the turbans, that control must of course be limited by a just construction of the grant of pow er, and by the duties of the government. It is not «■*- sontiul to" its existence or exercise, that it should in- elude every ‘'attribute of sovereignty,” and it will cease when danger is nn longer to be apprehended, and when the ordinary civil power of Iho community is suf ficient to govern and restrain the Indians. And the States must necessarily judge when this period has ar rived. When the relative strength of the parties, and the circumstances atul improvement of lire Indians render sirch a measure proper. The portion of juris diction, till that time entrusted to the General Govern patiiotism wus equalled by his liberality, and I'*>' the great body of American freemen 1 wrote to him my desire to give to this section oj i /is Union tho till vantages, it possible ill iri-1 .Mr. Van Uur/n.—In our columns of this week will he buled to this valuable plant. On the receipt of found ibis gentleman’s reply to a letter addressed to my letter, he immediately forwarded me, by him by hit republican fellow citizen* of New York, on mu.I, the remaining few aecda ho had left, mid | the subject of Iris ri jeelion as Minister to f.nndon, by which, on receiving, 1 quickly planted, null I die new coalition ol Clnv, Calhoun & Co. in the Senate new view It na a remaining duly to Iho public ' ofthe United Slates. Ii is eloquent, dignified add ap- to pul liieui in possession of the result, which propnute; and does honor both to Mr. Von Ilmen's tixos in my opinion llio character Of this plant, head and heart, lit it uc look in vein for that grovel- to til s section of the Union ns almost invnlna- j ling and contemptible spirit, which characterizes the 6/e. '1 o the citizens ©! your town ntid vicinity, ! conduct of hia vindictive and merciless persecutors, i am allured its valuo run hardly bo caiei.latud. I tic feels, and knows himself to be loo elevated ir. bis On receiving the seed, say in March, eutly, 1 standing, and too deeply rooted in the good opinion of right, ofthe States- the power, ofthe different bran-, ^ — Yhe nb e a ., D mad. and Iho whole subject «■'-* of tho general government, or indeed on any heft ,|, 0 ljt,ra authorities. topic touching Iho fundamental principles of our go. | lids gradual change has taken place in almost all rernment, will slwaya bn gladly received and appre- the original States. And the principles, connected with it, are not only obviously just, and such as will alone reconcile the difficulties of thn subject, bill are supportedjby respectable autlinrii 1 plumed them in u small bed, by drilling, pin cttig the aeed about six inches aji.tr.. They came up itfa few days, und uppeutud in the form of yoqng oats. On getting about six in ches high, I took them up alter a rum, and set then) agreeably to the Doctor's directions, in rotva two fee l apurl, uud eighteen inches from plunl to plant, in sandy pine laud, slightly ma nured, The rapidity of Ihetr growth astonish ed mo, and I found by September— each plant, a hunch oj’jint blades, un- the ground complete ly covered, and the spaces filled up-ihe grnss three and a half to four feel high. I kept the ground looso uud cluun between tho plants. Early iu September it was eut, and in taste re sembled young com blades—a laito of ull others, most agreeable to anitnuls. I found every thing wns prodigiously fornl of it, espe cially horeee und cattle, and that It was o dry grass, with little succulence. The following spring, ear/y, the ground wns stirod between Iho plants, tho roots of which wore now about four inches in diumetcr, re sembling tho root of sugar cntio. A small quantity of manure (cow} wus sprinkled over tbu ground, in Docomber following and by thu first fay of May it was four foot in height, a mass of blades rising from the roots, mid stand ing almost perpendicular, exhibiting a trust beautiful uppoaranco of vegctublo luxuriance.- Jt wus cut on thu first day oj the month, and • regularly on tlwfirst day of evrey month until -November, ranging from three and a liaifto four and a huff Jett in height. Singht roots produced from twelve to thirteen and a hall pounds of gruss m a cutting, and which when ’ tully cured p.educed from five to fivo uud a half pounds of tho most highly flavoured hav I have over found, nnd readily cured. The lust yom gave a most decisive proof that it is hardly at- lotted by drought, its production being equal to the previous your,-—und tho last winter, Hint our severest cola oousnov u fleet,the roots, now about sirinches diameter, penetrating tile eurth perpendicularly to a great dcblh. A most accurulu cutting und weighing, has determined, that an acre wilt yield (ot pine -land manured) Hum two hundred to two liudred und fifty thotisand pounds of green grnss do ring thu summer, or from seventy Jive to litnehj Ions of hay, and of tho most nutritious kinds known upon tho curlli. liy reference to thu Washington Lily papers two or three years buck it will bo seen that a distinguished funner and iron master, states,in a public coimmimcu- lii.r republican fellow cilizmis, to deetp it necessary, even In t iter into an ox|ilanolion of the foul anil pill fu! charges which those a.-piring'lcmaptignc have pre' frrroil o;;.iinat hint. V.u limlin it nothing like recrim ination, or a disporifinn to moot them nn their chosen, a rid favourite field ofcouti ntion,cnlaiMiy and iibuSh: jio is at least “ magician" enough to know that in such a contest, lie would have every thing to loose, and noth ing to guilt. •Mr. Yun Huron experts, alter visiting the continent, to return home early in the summer; and we very much mistake the eigns of the limes, if on his return, he doi not lint! hirnself, not only ” unscathed and unharmed,” hut vastly improved, at least in tho confidence and af fection of his fellow citizens. liou on the subject of this gruss, that he ftiuud ou trial, such wus its nutriltvo qualities, tiiul Iris mules performed tltuir work well, witir plenty of this grass and salt, rendering the addition of com unnecessary. 1 discover that it comes to inatiu.-ity one year soefuar in this section of the Union than in Maryland or Missouri. Tito , second year 1 found a Jew stsd stalks, nnd tiie third, say last year, I gathered the seed a part of w hich I send you for distribution amongst some of your enterprising citizens, wno will not forget to "go and do likewise.” la the communication before referred to, it will he found the estimate wus, thn*." one acre w at ful ly competent to the support of twenty headojcat- Ut during the summer.”—That it would he ad mirable to tho production of milk and butter, there cannot remain a doubt, and that a little attention to its cultivation would preclude the necessity of purchasing northern hay, is as plain as that it would add to the comfort nnd \ gooeral prosperity of the whole community.— V Amongst the citizens of many of Iho South \ dtmerican States, it is held in estimation equal \ *o the Guinea grass or the W\«| Indies, hut is | certainly far superior in value. The duration {of the roots I have net learned,—miuo are put- Vpg out most vigorously this fourth year-n sin gularly valuable property, drfferent from most * other grasses is, that when the teed in me ripe ning on the end of the seed stalks, six to eight fid high, the msss of foam appears not to The laic IVtntir.—We observe by the Eastern papers that the extreme cnhl of tho past winter,in that section nftlto country,Ims proved very destructive to fruit tree, the peach, plain and pear tree, having been general), destroyed. This fact proves to us very conclusively,that through nut the whnlo extent ofour country, the lute winter has been one of almost unprecedented severity. In this section of country, the present npprnronc" of our la- vnrito shade tree, the ptido oflnilin, bears a melancho ly evidence ofthi) fact. We urc now vcrpi'gon lire first of May, and instead ofthe green nnd ebci ■ Tul ap peurnnre it was wont to assume at Ibis deliglmul sea son, it presents thn ham and gloomy ssnoet >f desolation. Thia charming tree, toe cutnfirt and the prhlo" of our town, has been almost entuely de.-tioj od. —c$t— ‘-In Exaaiiunlisn of the Cherokee Question.•’--jn'lie llireu provisions of the Cfin.litulmn of ino Untjed Stales, alluded In by Gov. Cass, ns having the shg'i'e-: degree ofeunnexion with the mil jet of out lidisn reta. turns, nr effecting in any wav whatever the attribute of soveteignty originally belonging to the Stall *, are lb following r I. The power to dispose of, nnd make all needful rules and regulations respecting the Territory or oihe property ofthe United Slat.*. 8. Tho power “to regulate commerce with for is” nations, and among the several Stales, ait.I with the In dian tribes.” 3. The power of Congress to declare wav, arid tin newer to make peace furnish the only remaining nu. tiiorilv, by virinc of which this jurisdiction can be es soined and exercised." Ofthe first he says, 11 that lilts clause evidently refers to Territorial rights,” and was intended to give to the General Government Iho right to control these, am not tho cxevrise of jurisdiction. That at qlt events, it is inapplicable to tho Cherokee country in tienrgi.1, to which tho United States have rclinqittshcd ull preten- To tho secnnrl lie answers, that this is a power to regulate enmmetee, ami not to exercise jurisdiction.— fhat “ if the idea of general jurisdiction be included in thu terms, ''regulating commerce,” the Genera! Go vernment may annihilate the whnlo Stain laws, and bring within its own authority all the people ami pro perty of tht* count r,y. Constructive powers.can scarce ly go beyond thia.” lie hero quotoa tits remarks ofthe Chief Justice, that “ tbu wholo intercourse between the United Slates and thia Italian, (the Cherokces,) is, by our constitution and laws, vested in tho government of the United States.” "They,” speaking of the Acts of Georgia, interfera forcibly with the relations, established be tween Iho United States and the Cherokee nation. The regulation of which, according to Iho settled princi ples of our constitution, is committed exclusively to the government ofthe United States.” And observe*, “ this ia assuming as it appears to us, the very point, upon which the controversy turns. We can find it the constitution no clause, giving the Uni ted State* the tight to regulate tne intercourse or rets- ; ons with ill* Indian tribes. We ask for that clause. It ia not to be fuund. Wo then ask far the fair deduc tion of that power from some express grant, and we ere met by the opinion, that tho.exclusive control of the btlcreeiirss end relations with the Indians, is given to the general government.” " If thn opinion ia founded upon e belief, that inter- conns and relations and commerce are eynouimuus, the conclusion would still involve us hr inextricable difficul tic*. This regulation of oodlmerv or intercouse, if ii After having proved most conclusively the general nature of’ the jurisdiction over the Indian tribes, and that this jurisi^ction belongs to the several sttote go vernments; he proceeds to show, how far the exercise of this right over the Clierokccs by Georgia, is to he controlled or prohibited by aijy conventional arrange ments with the Cherokee Indians. On this subject lie is clearly and decidedly of opinion, that all the com pacts made with t.io Indians may bo executed, fairly and in good faith, and consistently with the jurisdic- tonal authority of Georgia. Judge Martial assumed in his talc decision, as a bai- sis for his argument, tho broad ground, that “ tba words “ treaty and Italian,” arc words of our own lan guage, selected in our diplomatic and legislative pro- lings by ourselves, having each a definite und well understood meaning. We have applied them to Indi ans, as we have applied tli in to other notions of tire earl’a: the,v arc applied to all in the same souse.” Ou this point Guv. Cass is directly at issuo with the Cnief Justice. Uo Buys, that no early as “ 1730, the Cherokces made a more Tonga! uad cere. ionious relin quishment of their Sovereignty tnan any recoiled in the history jf tins country. Besides tne cerotr my of submission, whicli took place iri a general fVunril of ull the Chiefs of the tribe, 1c Sir Alexandr- • Cunituiug, ns the Representative of thn King, til of the principal Chiefs were selected, who actually want to London, and laid tho Crown of the Cherokee nation at the fed of the King, und acknowledged themselves subject to him, in thu saina manner as their white brethren ofS. Carolina woro." fated.” Of those provisions he says, with respect to the pun iehment of an out law,— "The object i«, not to confer jurisdiction upon the Cherokces, but to prevent intrusions upon their lands. For this purpose, any white man, entering their coun try, ceases, ipsofacto, to be an American citizen. He is abandoned by bis goveromeid, and tlie community, among which he finds himself, may treat him as they please. If a person entering a dwelling house by vio lence, should be declared out of the prnteciiuu of the jaw, and punishable at the pleasure of the owner ; or. if oiiointruding himself into a church or any public as- ssmblagc, thould in into manner forfeit his legal privi leges, and lie placed at the mercy of those w-hom he thus distuibs; if the communities of Rapp or Owen, or any similar exclusive asebcislion should bo empowered to punish all those who might attempt to enter their possession^; could these summery powers, Confined to particular objects, and for particular purposes, be construed to divest the proper authority of its general jurisdiction, and to confer upon these persons or asso ciations, all-the privileged of self government, because they had in one particular case, tho right of self de fence 1 IVe may. in like manner, enquire whether the Clverokees have the right to exclusive and unlimited jurisdiction over all persons within " their hunting grounds,'' because they arc empowered to expel or punish those lad or outlawed citizens, who attempt to disturb them ? No such conclusion can be fairly drawn from such promises. The right is, in fact, that of self defence, given because the protecting government was remote, end to prevent those difficulties which had so often led to war. It was a necessary incident of their situation. And how long was it to enutinue I Obvious ly till that situation was changed, and till the power was no longer required: When the general protection ofthe law was extended to the Cherokces, and their qualified independence was terminated. And even be fore this period, the punishment to be indicted, is evi dently leu to indvidual discretion. It is not the "na tion” or “ tribe” which inflicts it, hut Cherokces; the phraseology ofthe treaty being iters varied, leaving out these epithets, which are carefully used in this instru ment, whenever the community, as such, is described, or its collective obligations or privileges specified. The right to punish followed, in fact, from tho outlawry, and every Cherokee was at liberty to use his own dis cretion in the punishment. Or, to speak more accu rately, it was no crime in a Cherokee under these cir cumstances, to kill a while man. Ilia otvn govern ment had 6aid, “ he is not of us.” It was a resort to first principles. “ Tho second provision in the treaty, having an ap pearance of conferring this jurisdiction, is that which relates to retaliation and reprisal. But this article grants nothing; it is merelyrestrictive. The right of retaliation nnd reprisal is incidental to the war-making power. IVlint would justify the former, would justify •halattor. But to prevent the last and worst resort, the parties there engage that they will not seek Ibis re medy, ’till satisfaction has been demanded and refused. No right is hero given ; but tho parties, for the sake of humanity,are mutually restrained ; and this resttainlis obligatory upon both, as long as the power remains, of which ills an incident. But, as wo have already shewn, the moral power of making war has departed from the font thousand five hundred Cherokces m Ooorgia, and forever; and with it.have departed all the incidents annexed to, and dependent upon that power." Again he says: " There is another view whiqh may be taken of this subject, and has been frequently ta ken, and recently and very ally in tho American Quar terly Review. If tho Slate of Georgia lias no right to exercise jurisdiction over the Cherokces, it follows that these pcoplo constitute, by virtue of their natural rights, or by tho recognition of the United States, a separate political community with tho power of self-go. vermin nt. And that in fact, a government, indepen dent of Georgia, has been permanently established witluu the boundaries of that State. Mr. Justice Mc Lean, indeed observes, that the exercise of the power of self-government by the Indians within a State, is un- doubtcdly contemplated to be temporary." But by whom is it so contemplated ? Certainly, not by the Cherokces; for they svow their determination never to fins tact roof its self-sulTi'-ient to satisfy any candid . , „ . ... .... , , remove. And us to the Umtod States and Georgia, their mind, that the right nf innsdictiun claimed over the , .... .. . , , . Cherokces by the Brill* govern nont, wa. not an ns-1 “ c0 "‘ em P ,aU00 » ub J ecl0Ut of J "‘ c 1 B0,, T; sumed right, but a right acknowledged by the Indians! Tho formfr - u P on ,l,c ,Wl,ln0 ^“CMed, have parted themselves; and i. cm. not bn denied that Georgia *'' ,h,h “ r ^"*!'! ‘"""b a *I th. latter never had secured by .he revolution all the rights, claims, and im-1 H " W “' a,u of cun bo * e ™ma.cd, so .uu.nt.es, Which the Dn'hli ho d within her chartered 1 “'° ‘ he S 0 **” 1 ‘""P^ry," not very htehieHon.—Wts great cauib of tho people, is moving on with a rapidly increasing momentum. Of late wc scarcely pick up a Georgia paper without finding something in it, on the subject ot' tho contemplated Convention, indicative of Hi increasing popularity W jt|, the people, and ot it* ultimate success. We have now scarcely a doubt but that a Convention will be called the basis of our representation constitutionally and equitably arranged, and the state relieved of many of the evils and burthens incidental to our present lcgi 3 . lative system. We extract the following article on this interesting subject front the Georgia Journal, of the 84th inst: “ It will be seen by tbo proceedings ofthe appropriate committee in another column,that- they have procured the uso of tho Senate Chamber for the preliminary dclogalion that nre to assemble here on the 1st Monday (7th) of next month. Judging from information thus far received, wo think (hat Iho preliminary mA|mg will be tvell attended. We have kept no Wst of the counties that have published their proceedings in this and oilier papers, but if j 8 already considerable. From present appear ances we think (hero will be upwards of forty counties represented cither by delegates or through instructions to the central Committee. The propositions of such a body will be atten ded to, for the object of iho mooting is only to propose measures nnd these loo, of a pre liminary character. They will propose a limo for delegates to tho groat constitutional Con vention, to be elected in such counties as have not yet made those elections. They will we pre sume be understood ns authorized to fix a time for !he Convention lo meet. And tho resuft of ihe deliberations of this Convention will of course bo proposed to tho great boby of the people for their final adoption or rejection in a vote to he taken for that sole nnd special pur. pose. Perhaps it wns imposiblo lo deviso a plan by which the voice of every man in Iho State could ho so fairly, fully and deliberately expressed and acted on. Of the result we have no doubt. Thu people have suffered too much injustice nnd suffered it too long and they hate ineffectually sought redress too often, not to redress themselves now when so large a majority of them aro united on Iho principle; and they have puid too much money under the wasteful uud ruinous system heretofore exis ting. This word “ ruinous” reminds us of the predictions that have heretofore been made by this paper. What will the peoplo soy when we tell them as we do tell them; that there is not at this time one dollar in the Treasury. This wo think we shall be able to show by official proof next week.” limits. 6o away goes the “ National chu-actor” which Iho Chief Justice seems so desirous to claim lor this doubly conquered and subd ied race of savages. With regard to Ihe nalt.ro and character of the "Treaties," so much talked about by the friends of Cherokee sovorcignty, he says: "The position of the Indians ia no doubt, anoma lous ; Europe presents nothing similar. To demand H at the principles of intercourse, which i.ovo been Inpted, shall be reconciled with the received maxims obvious. (Concluded.I,.' — Congreutonal Intelligence.—The Senate on Saturday, tbo 1 - tl, ull. was engaged in executive busineks. Ou Monday the lfitlr ult. Mr. Clay, from the com mit Co on manufactures, made a report on the subject of Public Lands, accompanied by a bill appropriating tho proceeds of the public lands among the several •totes, for the period of tivo years. The bill was read, f punlic las, which govern tho relations of the civili- ai.ji on motion of Mr. Smith, layed on tho table for the zeu and independent rmii.ins, is to reject tho universal perpend of takin? up the apbrop.ration bill, practice of all governments, who have founded colonies .• .. . . - in tiro new world, slid is to sacrifice il„. i rU o interests | U " ll, ° 1,i " “**• ,,,c bllls ,os P»« l,n S ‘bo District of iciety lo a definition nnd a deduction. We are not I Columbia from the House, was reported and ordered to now called upon to disc ass abstract rights, but lo vi.siigatrlhc actual Mate nf things. Compacts have lor a century been Conned with • the Indians, I. r the purchaso of their possessory rights. A. fire, Iho equiv alent given scarcely deserved the namo of a consiuem led. Ilr. Franklin save, as Knlm, the Swedish traveller, stares, that Rhode Island was purchased with a peir of spectacles. And nn examination of most of lliese bar gains before the Revo urinn, will show, that thn pie- cond reading. The general appropriation bill was taken up, and on motion ofMr. Forsyth, the appropna. tion of $1,4(10, for the salary of the clerk omploy-.dto issue laud scup, was reduced to S1,150. Mr. Poindex ter moved an amendment, the effect of which was to strike out the tuluiy for the minister at Columbia, and h> substitute for it $6,730, fur six months’ salary, from senta usually given—for there was in 'act no nctu-ri l!l ° U ' 1 01 la8! i ® nd thc expenses of Ids return, ly applied by riiete their wants for nil indefinite period, cir.nimcts w«ro termed irca^gs, not in that acceptation "f the word, by which it is applied to thc aHpistment 0. S. Courts, i.i the District nf Columbia In lire- House of Representatives, on thA 14th u't. thc speaker luiubclbre the I louse a tetter from Mr. W. IS'nSi'S ,Ki \ nt in it- Srunberrv, a Representative from the State of Ohio, tnoiv general moaning, wnicli e.\*enrl* tir ail arranjt#- • 1 r • &c.; when it says, the Cherokces "shall not hold ly” with " individuals of any trial*." U is i tiie Constitution ofthe Britirh Empire, r.s hr meets tor " t.irmmg agreements" between parlies, as we soy, t treaty is on the cornet, a treaty ofmarriages, *- - and ns llio^rnly of 11 olston uses the word, ‘ hold snv trea- clcar from ---- - pire, as baa been al ready explained, that these coirpotts, fortued by the Colonial Governors or Gnnun'sri ipcrs, nnd never sub mitted fiir the ratification ef the Crown, could not be treaties, in tho diplomatic sense of tif- term. The inac tion esiue 'down to ut Iro n them, and it is equally clear, tiiat under thc C.iited States ueilher the term of these contracts net the process ot ratificatn.n conferred, by more implication, rigjils inconsistent with the whole tr uer of our intercourse with Ihe Indians, at variance with the numerous provisions ol our own staluio book, and irreconcilable with the form and substance of the tlipulatiut.t in the instruments themselves." Gov. Cass tlirifcotnrs lo the material enquiry: "Do the treaties, which hare been formed with the Chero- keqp, contain stipulations incompatible with tiie tier cite of jurisdiction by the State of Georgia over these Indie ns?” After a thorough examination of tho treaties of Hope- well, llulalon, grid the Compact of 1802, he says, “ there are but two provisions in the treaty of Hot- •Urn, whicli hare the slightest appearance of any grant of jurisdiction to the Cherokces, or of toy recognition of their power* of government. The** are found in Ihe8tb and I$th article*. By the former, citixens of the United States, settling on the Cherokee lands, for- frit the protection of the United Statoi, and may bo punished by the Chprokee* or not, as they please. By the latter, retaliation or reprisal is not to be committed, " till satisfaction shall have been demanded by the 1'tfty, of which the egreqgur is, and shall hare been re alleging that, in tiie evening previous “ lie Irad been al locked, knocked dou ii, and severely bruised and woun ded by Samuel Houston, late of T ennessce, tor worda spoken in Uebtto in Ihe House of Representatives, fee. .Mr. Vance offered a resolution directing thc speaker to issue a warrant to tire aergeunt at arms to laku Mr. Houston in custody, which resolution after some dis cussion was adupted. On the ldtli, after much discussion, the resolution offered by Mr. Davis, of Massachusetts, requiring Samuil Houston tu be brought to thu " bar of tire House an Thursday next,” to answer to the charges of Mr. blaubcrry, was adopted. Gen. Houston was then in troduced into the House by the scrgcti it arths, and was shown a seal on the Hour, ia front of the speaker's choir. He was informed of thc couiplffltt made by Wm. Stanbcrry on oath, and askad if ho desired the assistance ol council, the attendance of witnesses in hit beliail, ur if he w ished for Inrthor time to prepare for his defence. Geo. H. replied that ho did not wish tho assislaoce of council, that Ire did require the testi mony of witnesses—that he had been but at that mo ment informed of the nature of the charges agslnst him—that the subject was of great importance and in volved the liberty of an American citizen, and that in twenty-four hours, lie would be reedy for trial. U)n tbel7lh,Mr. Davis offered a resolution directing that the trial uf Gen. Houston, commence nn Friday next, at one o’clock ; on the suggestion of Mr. Clay was sobstituted 18 o'clock to-day, and adopted. A part of the Bank committee had returned to Wash ington, the committee was expected to have reported on Saturday theSlrtt ult. Thc following resolutions passed by tho good citizens of Jackson county, on the subject of the decision of the Supreme Court and thc Baltimore Convention, are spirited and appropriate. In them ore embraced thn f il ings and views of every true Georgian on those deeply* interesting subjects. roll THE SOUTHEBX DANNER. At a lurge and respectnlile ninfitinq of lira Citizens of Jackson county, at Jefferson, on Tuesday the 3rd duy of April, David Witt tvas called to lltechnir nnd James Liddell appoint ed Secretary, when tho following resolutions presented Ly James Montgomery, Esq. wero unanimously passed. 1. Resolved, That we view with deep re gret lire late decision nf the Supreme Court ol' (he United states, in tho case of Ihe Missiona ries, Worcester and Duller, because wo can see in said decision no other than a direct ten dency to destroy Stole Sovereignly, nnd pros trate nnd d»grado its dignity. 2. Resolved, Thai the State of (jnorgin is tl free, sovereign nnd independent Stain. That her rights of soil and jurisdiction, axier.d over tho whnlo territory within her chartered limits. 3. Resolved, Thai tho Cherokee Indinns within Ihe limits of Georgia, oro neither a sovereign or independent State or Nation, and in our opinion *such n thing would be in viola tion of tho Constitution of the United States, and a mockery upon the laws of nations, and the dictates of common sense end reason. 4. Resolved, Thnt wc believe litre courre of policy pursued bv this State towards the Che rokee Indians, to be constitutional, legitimate und bumnne, and (hat we bold ourselves now, and at all times hereafter, ready lo defend tho rights, sovereignty and dignity of this State, nnd to resist tho execution of said decision to the last extremity, end wo hereby tender our selves and services lo his Excellency tho Go vernor, whenever ho may deem it necessary to defend the State authorities or repel foreign force. 5. Resolved, That we bejjevo said docision was made to effect political objects, and break down the republican administration of Presi dent Jncksnn. C. Resolved, That we believe said decision to be unconstitutional and extra-judicial. 7. Resolved, That we have every confidence in the integrity end firinnesk of the President. D^VID WITT, Chamnan r JAMES LIDDELL, Sec'y. At tho samo time and place also, the fol- lowing ivere passed unanimously : 1. Resolved, Thnt wo highly upprnve of tho Convention to bo held in Baltimore in May, for tho purpose of nominating a suitable candi date for the Vico Presidency to be run on the Jackson Ticket. 2. Resolved, That it is expedient that the Statu of Georgia should be represented in said Convention, nnd that our delegation in Con gress lie hereby nominated to attend the same. 3. Resolved, Thnt we highly disapprove the course pursued by tho factions in Iho L- States’ Senate, under the influence of Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun, in rejecting tbc nomination of Martia Van Buren, as Minister lo England. That they in our opinion pros trated the high dignity nf their station* lo gra tify private pique, ami overthrow a rival candi- nate ID the Presidency. DAVID WITT, Chairman JAMES LIDDELL, Sec'y. The Gcorgin Journal will please givn the above Sn insertion.