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TEXAS. The following exirnci of a Idler from a gen- firman (ravelling in Texas, to iho editor ofthe Mobile Patriot, maybe relied upon, we are as- fur the correctness of the statements : ,_r'i 'trillion Courier. Sir,—“ In answer to your enquiries respect- in" Texas, I have to ubsorve, that from hav ing travelled through a considerable purl of .tustbi’s colony, I nm able to state from my own observations, and information from the mu-1 unquestionable sources, that for stock •oising and cotton growing, jt surpasses Nny .•miiitry I hnvo seen or ever heard of. Of corn it is equally productive, and in ihc fust crop raised by poor emigrants, it is not unusual lor rlicin to cover the seed with a hoe, and leave the nop to take care of itself,under 'Min h cir- ■ mosiances it often produces 301» 40 bushel*, ami with good cultivation 70 to 100 bushels to it:.- m re. The lower pari of the polony, from riments that !<ava been made, is found equally adapted to the growth of sugar euitn, ami iiolhing but the waul of capital Inis pre vented its general cultivation. In my recent visit I have been fully convinced of the re. murk "Inch I heard Inst year from a gentle- irmn who had visited the colony, and which I tliouglil savoured of enthusiasm. “Thai il eo„ls more tlic-re to raiso a chicken than n row,’’ the immense prairies furnishing the liesl grazing fer 9 or 10 months, anil the limber liiinia, u giecn grass for the 2 or 3 winter moo hs. Tne majority of lbs land is Prntrie. but nil the rivers and erpeks are limbered. Thu rtuirin has been hut little cultivated, Inn titter lltc tirst year’s cultivation, will no doubt pro- ns well or nearly so, as the linil land, flic leagues surveyed and laid off tnr emigrants, on all the water courses, have narrow front on the water courses, and arc a. arranged as to give u portion ot Prairie m tli rear The colony is remarkably well watered and fur • niied with navigable streams, /among wlorli are the (laud.iloupe, I,a Haulm, Colora do. Bernard, llrassuH, and l^un Jnnetnlu. T<i« tirst cotton |ilanimg commenced five years since, and within the last two yenrs se ver I i..ve lollowed (lie example, nn<l the most satisiactory uvideacu of us productiveness, wtl be touild ill the following statement of the last crop w a settlement of four families, outlie ltio lirassos, between llrnssona and the sea- board, aay within <* or 10 miles of the Half of Mexico. This was not an extraordinary crop, hut of similar product to previous nm s. Al’Neil cultivated in cotton with 21 field hands, 142 lira, and produced 140 hales avenging 625 lbs. each. Uestull cultivated 71 acres, 7 field hands, and produced 76 Imlos, 640 lbs each. Randon cultivated 50 acres, 5 field hands, and produced 50 bales, 560 lbs. each. Munson cultivated 50 acres, S fi.ilil hands, and produced 40 hulos, of 560 Ins. each. They all cultivated timber laud, tied with as much laud elenr- d as Ins force could have at tended to, the first named plan'er would easi ly have raised 8 to 10 bales round, and Hie latter th the same increased proportion. Frum thu above it will bo obvious that a ncighlmi ltund would have produced with sulficieul open lands for iho foil employment of their force, 10 bales averaging upwards of 500 lbs. to each field hand—besidos iho ueeessury crop of corn for Iho plantation an I family use. Two of iho ahovn persons arc this year emu- menoing the cultivation of Prairie land, which ns well ns thu limber land, are planted in cot ton thu first year of cultivation, though the product is better Iho second. It will bo seen Him the lauds already cultivated have produ ced from 2200 to 2500 lbs. of seed coilon In the acre, and iho latter quantity is iho average of each season’s crop, atli-r the first year’s pluming, while eomo of iho plniilers nuimul as-oii'il mo Ihal lands m li>o colony pmduced jioOO lbs. lu thu acre.” From the Getimer Farrar r. .B.vri'DKSKA AND K.AIH.Y V.'ltK Q ABB ACE. ,Vr. Gooitsetl,—Although both those kinds of cabbage may be raised trt tbn open mr in this dim,lie, yet those who wish grind sJmo head-- ill the oiotllh of June or early ill July, should sow their sped la a hut-bed about Iho first"dI A:-nl. These plains may bo removed inio the open air about the first of May, and treated in iho ordinary way, and will furnish n good supply ol hesrls early in July ; at least a inumh earlier than they can bn raised to iho open mr At present the seeds of iheso kinds of cabbage are mostly imported from Kngluud, at great expense, which may he avoided, ns I know by oxpeneneqi by sowing n lew seeds of each kind between the first and mid, lo ot Ju- ly ; tin so being transplanted ui,d treated lik ling, trit!i fkfl) anJ nealness, tiro oil from tiro suitun nnd curd with which it is combined in the milk, and of seasoning it to suil the pulato. The art of preferring good butter lies in so keeping it as to liovu it retain its rich, sweet flavor. Tl.o best method l know of effecting these objects, is embraced in the following rules : 1. In tiro first place, seo that your cows are supplied with plenty of nutritious food. This is tiro raw material from which it is madc,und unless this is good arid abundant, iho inunu- fueturec! article will lie scanty and poor. 2. Let the milk be set in shnllow broad pans, of wooden, tin, or stonw earthenware, to facilitate ilm operation of the eraam, in a cool, clean apartment. Red glaZi d earthen is had ; and lead is often poisonous. I think the best lemperaturo is about 50 degs. of Farcnheit. 3. I,el the < ream or milk * be churned be fore it loyr become rancid or hitter; ns at this stage il has lost its finest qualifies for hatter. 4. Tlio operation of churning should he mo di rntcly and regularly performed. If loo slow, and at intervals only, (be separalr-n is te dious uni! uncertain. If violent, ihe cream is too much heated, arid yields a white ineipped butter. 5. Put no water wiijj your oronm nor with your milk. The flivor, I muv say aroma, which gives to butter its high value, is u.x- rtemely volatile, is disengaged by heat. and. materially diasipnled bv water. Work lire la dle, in a wooden bowl, who'll iruiv hn set in wn'er to cool Iho mas- ; and while Ibis opera tion is being completed, mix ptiro fine -all f enough vvilli the hutiet to season it for the ta ble, and scl it by in the how I m a r-o.il cellar In! next day—at which lime the sett will lie cumpletoly do solved, when it is to he (tier- nnghlv iniOirporated bv again working the belter vvilli Ihe woollen ladle until every parti cle if liquid is exp'dled. Tlie mulling proic- ' is now rnmpl-le.d— I'o preserve the rich fl.ii ,.r w:,n li fins process secures, pack tin- butler mcly dawn m a per- fircily light ves-d, and riHiH is butler than a .'lone earlheii jar, without a particle of adit, tumid salt; enooih the siirltice, and rov.-r ihc top two inclies with a strong cold t rine, which lias been made by boiling and skieu ing the materials. If a pellicle or scum is seen to riso upon the pickle. I am accustomed lo eat butter, of May, Juno and October, made nnd preserved in this way, when it is from six lo twelve months old without perceiving nny rnntbri.il difference be tween il and that which is fresh mudu.—-V. K. mill er. * lo s great port of New York, Hie milk is churned ; New Knelan'l, rener.illv only ihe errsm. The Dutch tiicihsd I Ihuik prishices file inns' butter. tlav.-rpool blown sail will ant keep butt'-r sweet, anil is besides deleterious In lieullli ivlieu need Tor cnli- nry pnrpoee*. Seethe nenlysi, offiii* -alt in an early l-i. of me New York Medic.il Jmirmil h> l)r-. Miller n.J Mitr.lielh They ascribe to its line much ol the rekacss wlticli afflicts parts of our country. Pare al lot Hull alone soould lie mod, after il is ground nr re I p*Sim11).I Too enli made at Onondaga, by solar vap.iratinn, and Hold mi cusk^, f.*r table iihc, is ptTha|ia h pure min late of Soda as comes in the market. to Bad, that, notwiihrivading the restriction ) thrown I sciences, ore rapidly progressing—while la- around the action oflhe committee, by the friends oft hour-saving machines are multiplying Ihepro- the Bank, forbidding x fu.l and thorough examination j Juctive industry of man tt thousand fold, and into all its transactions; our worthy representative, j putting vvilli in his reach, many ol the comforts the chairman of the committee, hat in his report, folly an d conveniences and luxuries af life, of which redeemed his pledg-; at least so far as he was allowed j W ns formerly ignorant, wbat, comparative- to do rn by the rennlniion under which he octed. The I \y speaking, has been done to diffuse Ihe rioli- clisrge prnfered sgsiwt tlie Bank of “ils having viola- tr blessings ofknowledge, and lo bring, to «v- ted iia charter,” ha,been bv the commillre in its re- er y man’s door, tlie luxuries of a well eultiva- pnrt, we think, clctry substantiated in the fallowing ted mind ? While we discard the notions of instances: feudal aristocracy and proclaim to Ihe world “l«t. In relaiionl, ninry. I that ull men are by nuture, and of right 2d. In relation to the issuing of branch orders, as a 0U gf,( | 0 bo f rec >* while vve trumpet abroad rr»nlatinn. B . , . , .. ' the great principle ol our republican institu tions, (lint the humblest citizen is, by birth, entitled to all the privileges and immunities of Ihe most exalted, liavo we taken all the ne cessary steps to secure to him real liberty? Have we not left the great nines ofour citizens under the impression that nny considerable ad vances in the acquisition of literature and sci ence mast be confined lo the few who have wealth and leisure ? The ascent np the hill of science has been represent, d as so long and so steep, and so difficult, that none need at tempt its dangerous heights, except such ns can mount on golden ladders and spend a life of toil in overcoming the formidable obstacles which obstmet their march towards its prond summit. We permit Die lew to monopolize the sweet retreats of knowledge, and undis turbed by the many, to recline beneath the shades ol* the dual from It: Th^ Southern Banner. I’ukndav, May 15, 1832. ay !>•’ uwufcl, ti»nl if To Corrr*pon lcntx.~C,(v\i'\ by publishing hiiwunri (M ••n Account ofalvl*. ami Pent it Iiip views in obtaining mi object h» clepiruhlrns the wife* ilePfiibcH, wc would certainly (In no ; but wo fear circulation. 3*1. 'Die celling coin, and particularly American coin. ♦♦*•♦**♦ .5th. Making donations for roads and canal*, and other objects. 6(h. Building houses to rent or sell, and erecting other structures in oidofthat »»hj*>el.” Wo would cheerfully lay the whole of this Report be fore our readers, but its great length forbids. We hope however, to he enabled in our next io publish the de fence of it, in the Ifouso of Representatives, by Judge Clayton, in answer to Mr. McDuffie; who it seems, in a most unwaranted end unprecedented manner, at tempted to answrec the Report before it had been read to the House, or its arguments known lo a single member* The Report concludes ns follows: “ ft is obvious, from the statements submitted, and the correspondence with the treasury concerning the public debt, and die Huf-tuahous of tlie revenue of (Jo* v» rnimuit, that these have hitherto essentially affected the general circulation and operations of the Bank ol ihe United States, tl would, therefore, seen to your committee to \m mo*< judicious not to act upon the ({•lentimi of reeliart trin g that institutioii, or of charter ing any other nati« rial batik; until the public debt shall have been paid of, ond the public revenue filial! have been adjusted to Ihe rncaairc of our federal expendi ture*.’* Stanberry vs. To i/on.-—We have copied into our paper of this weel* the evidence of tne Hon. A. Buck ner, Senator from Missouri, in ‘his nil important case, Mr. Buckner was an eye witness to the runcountre, and his statement of facts will place the matter befn • our readers in a dear and satisfactory light, at least so far us regard* thi assault, and the conduct of the par ties at that time. Tiie Ohio representative has cer* m dv mi.sed tbefigiirc very much in dragaing the af fair before Corigrss. Had he have pocketed thedrub- bi ig. said nothinf about it, and trusted to time to cant il-4 «hude of forge fulness nround his conduct, nnd the lisgrae-i attached to i>, lie would have ac*ed a niv'-r pari--as it is, he has sought and will accomplish f<*r himself, a never dying Fame ! JXot less Thun $50,000 ot the peoples money he has cause d to be. spent for the sole purposes of having hi.^owii infamy nnd disgrace record ed an J pin *. J in the archives of the nuwo nl l< gi«tatmc! Ili« maJi,.ri it and iinau'horisud attai k on Ihe Prcsidei • a id Gov. Houston, charging them with fraud—.iis poor nnd conteniptiblo defeecs, arrn**d nnd accoutred ns be was for the combat, when attacked by Houston, n man his inferior in hizo, niid maimed of an arm since the war—his disgraceful attempt to slander the reputation of Col. Buckner, a witness in ihc case, and for whiri< he was compelled pubiickly *oapologize tothetl m-c— his pitiful np iogy, aitd in lino the pititulnoes of his whole course throughout this transaction, juatthe* the monument that Cnngri s* is about to erect to his me* mory. (•eorqia Teachers Me*ting.—In December last a largt and respectable meeting tf ;be Teachers of Georgia, convened at tVIi!Iedg**vilb*, and fore.ed themselves into a society for the purpose of c tablishiog a uniform tern of education, more full;, to promote the advance ment of the catue throughout the slate, bud of cl ova l* j ing theii profession to its proper s’unJiug in the cnti- ! iiiation of the couiniuni.ty. The Society wns organized j and we iinderfcttt'tl goes into operation under the most j favorable and puimUiogcircumstances- Such a •oc.ie- ly hr* long been a cieaidcr«itum ill our section of coun- ever objeettniialih, botli j |.y, aJll j lVC <-,ri>nol but augur the most favorable and j auspicious results lo the Statc.fron. the united and con* nvntrated action of a body of men ol onceso numerous „ . ,. x , t H . and respe ctable. The ** pedagogue” ciiaracicr which (*<cleb« has fixed his stoncaid of Ktim le excvllence at., . % „ .. , , . . . , . . , .. ... has been so illiberally a'tacln d to the prolesaiona n rate, and that with nil the aid \v« could yivc j hint, disappointment would still attend hi* Ou tsteps. If t'cDh'bs in really atiX'Oiis fur a wife, wewo>dd recom- ; Teacher of youth, in grudually giving way, ami the day ; is not lardiatant, when ihe learned and accoinplisued msi'uctor, will take his stand by ihc side ofthe Divine, u.uail him by ■« '"«»»• towouri. tl... lir.. Ri.l ha j Ljwyirnn( , „, c Fl l} ,ici«u. Tl." llll..*in B acliirc, with, possessing one Aof/the grace* of mi ni and •— . -I«livertd berc*re the tiocit tv by n Cotutniltte appointed h ” ,lu#c ' lb ''" “ "ixeMury to hi, happoii'..^■ l.a;! tllI , tal polpo , t( w#h# „ co p lwl ilUo „hh like .mu-! mucll ( ,| liaHUrBl und «« '(.coiiiiiu nd it lolhu atiemiun, ami ijii|il. 'ii.i'.'C..UKidt!ration ot'llio.u who feel un inter- temilil fill'll Uku iiii.inennH * lii inis, formed Hull uf Hi'hIi and liloiid, and not I In: phantom of ■ dm- a,ud luioniimluoi. t riiecuni ounicatinn of“ A \Vatrgi)nor" on the sjtj. jecl of uur market ruad* i» recicvvd, and nh.il liav a piure in uur next. a iii lukc tin, opportunity to arknnwli dgc II,e receipt of nunierunH tavnr. tr«m uur tVaxhii.gioii City friend,—particularly uro ivn mduhted to our n prc»tm- j ruigiiuiiij' ,o Iiim'h allunfioii in our roiintry, iih tativoH, Micaii, Cluyion, Wndu ami Foster, lur Cum- ' II.Ht r.l lvIue.Hiiitn. And no Huftjei't, no it|)- jjriwHiuiial d'.tumuiii, uml paper,,.fgiiai inuri.«i «ml j |*r«'licnd, 'ihi'ilier considered kilh respm t to aluu—fur those favors, wo return them our oiiivoto i advantatoB, to imlividuals or to tlio nation is more worthy the attnniinn of an ! i'bi in lim pre.ont well a re, ora pride in the future re- pantu.n and filory ot riie State, 't lie Society, wc un- dy/MS.irl. mil hi,III its next meeting at Macon on the srcoml Monday of June next. *' P‘ rlnqis no Mulijeet IH, at ilia present time, the most honorable, is but too often a term of reproach- Now should rot some step be ta ken by the citizens of our state, to raise the standard of this profession, and wjp 0 o(T ibis stigma from our character, so far at least, ns to make his employment honorable, who is to be the instructor of our youth in knowledge nnd who should he their guide and pattern in morals ? The importance of well educated in structors is acknowledged by all; nnd yet how many, who are altogether incompetent, aro found in this profession ? IIow many are in trusted wfili the minds and morals of our children, whom we would not intrust with a small portion of our property ? These things ought not so to be, and yet so they will re main, unless the community at large is aroused upon the subject. And if the occasional as sembling of teachers in convention from'dif ferent parts ofthe state, shall bring the minds of our citizens to bear upon this subject as it ought, nn important point will have been gain ed. For whenever the peop’e of the stale are aroused, the legislature will act; whenrv. cr such plans are devised as (he people them selves believe ought to bo adopted, the Legis lature will not fail to meet ihe views of theit. constituents—they will not hesitnte to carry into effect what they know to be the. wish nf n vast majority of the citizens of the Slate. Thut some more systematic plan should be adopted for the establishment and support of Academic grove. If an indivi-1 common schools, is a truth acknowledged by lutii-r clti.-» has. occasionally j ull. That the general advantages of an Ena- t general advantages of an Eng- bur-t tin: shackles of lift rarv and scientific j lish education should be within the reach of despotism, he has been considered a Hetcu-[ every child in our state, will not be disputed las in inf-ntul strength, and not a proper exam pie for common iinitiiMon. “If some votary lots dined to kindle upon Ihe humble hearth of the peasant, a fire hgiuej from the sun of Phi losophy, ho Inis been- viewed tis u daring Pro metheus, ns alums'. an intruder upon sacred by any; That this is not now the case, is too laine.iitably true, loo palpably manifest to neod any proof. Many poor men hnve it not in their power lo send their children to any school; they are not able to board them from home, or even to pny Iho low tuition of our Hint forbidden ground.” We seem to consider j imperfect common schools. Is it good poli- the light ci science us too bright for vulgar ley to leave so many of our citizens without ryes, ami her paths too devious mid leading, j the means of obtaining a useful education ? Ia too tar away from the beaten track of cximmnn | it consistent with onr republican principlaa lo life 'obe trodden by the lerl oflhe ignoble. Tlio | put into Ihe hands of a part of our people so union ol knowledge with tlie eommnii occu pations ot industry in eum'iderod, not only tin- ueNPssnry, hut even impossible. Hence, the powerful a weapon as that of knowledge, while the rest are left without its mighty influ ence ? Rail as we may against tlio aristocracy two prevalent op'iimn, that a very moderate j of other countries, there is no nristoernsy so siiiire of nifi.mo tion is siltfi 'ier.l fm the man perlect ns dial of wealth and knowledge, who is to engage lit the common pursuits oft Those who monopolize the knowledge of tv think,. —4^— H e are requested to male lliut a meeting k ill he lit M at file Miiioilic Dull in lilt, plaeo on Tticiulay evening next, lur the purpu.e ul torming a Musical .Society. Gentlemen wishing to become members, will bo so good as to attend. Convention.—Tlie delegates appointed by the differ ent counties to determine upon tlie arisnuements ne cessary tobe iiimlc for the call of a Convention, lo be .nm oilier enl.liagcH, w ill conto into the lio.id j holden fur Hie purpose ol sm. inling die Constitution of an iho full, nnd may hn kept over tlio winter. I the Slate, relative to the apportionment ami equaliu- And if sot out in tlio spring liillowing, will! ’i° n oflhe members nf the General Assembly, met at furnish a plentiful supply of seeds, as good ns Milledgovillo on Monday tbo 7th inat. We hnve rcceiv. cd by tire Milledgeville papers, fire whole of their pe nny that can bo imported : observe, however, thut in sotting them out in the spring, ehrh .kind should bo kept bv itself, and as remoto as posstbltr from any other sort; otherwise they would intermix, and aonn degenerate into a mongrel kind. Such is tlie result of niy ex perience. nnd I communicate it to you with a wish that it may bo of acrvtcc lo aume of your reudprt. I remain youn, rcspectullv, U. M. WILLIAMS. MAKING A V D FHbSF.KYING BL’TTEB. BY J. BIEL, OF ALBANY. Butter is an important article, in household economy; anil an upon il equally depends very jniieh the profit* ofthe farmer ns well ns the co.i-umur, I send you, Mr. Editor, a few binu hi the process oi making ond presor ting it. Tbfcart of making butter consist* to sepura- ceedings, and will endeavour hereafter lolay them be- fore our rcadars. In tlin mean time, wc have the plea sure to inform them dial ihe greatest hormony and unanimity characterised their deliberations, and that tlie object of the meeting was fully accomplished. Mondsy the 1st day of Nuv. next, was fixed upon for holding the election for Delegates, and the first Mon day in February, IS33, for tho Convention to meet at Milledgeville. The Bank Krport.—Thie long and anxiously expected document has at length been received. It was layed before the llouso of llepreaentativea by the chairman ofthe committee,the Hon. A. 8. Clayton,on Monday, Ihe 30th ult. It will be lecollccted, that the committee was restricted liy iho resolution of the II. of Represen tatives, under which it acted, simply to an inspection of the bonks of the Bank, and to report whether the ftorisi.MS of its charter had been vioalatednr not.— Yhu« n.-c.'i-ive ibed, lbs investigation of ciurse was confined lo thi* one consideration; and we are proud in larg enlightened and free people. Few will now deny Him knowledge is valuable, os well for ihn other Meaning* which it procures, ns for being in itself u nouroo of living, lusting en joy meat to ila possessor. An enlightened mind, chastened by the discipline of n well re gulated education, ond n heart softened by the kindly influence of a refined tnste, ure irea- much us for above the miser's gold, and th sensualist’s enjoyments, and the ambitions man's honors, as il.o..ghi and reason are high er than mere animm instinct. It is not more true, that knowledge is power.tlmn that know ledge is happiness, tnd the only real hoppt- m as, of which a virnnim man is susceptible. No man will now donv, that inn virtuous com munity, the more general the diffusion of use ful knowledge, the more do penco nrd hupp ness reign among its members, and the grea ter the scrunty lor »octal order and for civil and religious liberty. He, whom ignorant of the nuture, nnd fundamental principles of civil liberty, is unfit to enjoy it, and can never be depended upon for its defence. The slaves of ipnonnre ever have been, nnd they most continue to he, tne slaves of tyrants. The strong holds ol desnolism are still the abodes of mental darkness, the droarv dungeons where the cheering beams ofknowledge' hnve not been permuted lo enter. Rut notwith standing our favorite national motto, that In telligence is Ihe life of Liberty, hnvo we, us a nation, taken ull the necessary steps, that this intelligence might keep pace with our poptila lion, and with the improvements of the age ? While improvements hi the various arts and life. lienee, tuleuls of Ihe highest order, and intellects of the finest mould, are buried and lost—lost both to iher possessors and to the country. Many pass through life uucon scions of those powers that allay them to an a e|«., und which, under proper culture, would raise them lo n proud height among their fel low-men. Who ran estimate the amount of intellectual power which is-thus lost to our country? Who can culeulatn the sum of hap piness which is thus denied lo man ? Should not fhoso treasures whirh urc locked up in the minds of millions of our countrymen be brought forth ? Should not “ science he cal led from her hitherto proud nnd almost inac cessible heights to bo the companion Olid clioorcr of the lowliest toil, BnJ of tho hum- l.-lest fire-side !” Should not every farmer in cur country he well acquainted with the na ture and properties of thru soil from which ho derives his daily support ? Should nor every mechanic lie ahl - to ilhnnine hi. shop with n torch light-'d tr .'in the altar of science a.:d to cheer tlio isboiirs ofthe day ns well as lo enli ven tlie hours of night, vvitli reflertoms drawn from tin) depths of pnil-isophi" research? When wc look nt tne means which hnv» been hive led for tin i ominuuu'otionofknnwl- edge, ought n<" no n, who fir- now engaged in llio arduous ncrup.iftnns of mnculfti'e and commerce, and m iiiufuetnrr.. m make orea ter luivnni cs, in die a. q iioiiii.n nf useful in formation, than ihe student was formerly aide to make wl.cn ci in ly devot' d to leurning ? Musi the great m..i of nut citizens be confin ed in their edo- nttoi: to the rending and writ ing of their language, and in (lie art of easting common accounts ? Alas! Imw fur should we he elevated above our present level, if all of them were thus enlightened ! Bo, how mnuv sons . nJ rlaogtirerr ot tree horn Americans are om'l'b, 'o <ead tlteir native langnngo! How many g*. to the polls, who are unable to read even the very charier ofthetr I'.berbos ! How many, liy their votes, ,-lei I men to legislate upon tite r dearest interests, vvlnlo thoy them, -elves arc unable to read oven the proceedings of those legislators whom they hnvo empower i d lo net tor them I Wh would not degrade our own slate by an invidumis comparison with otliers more favored, but wo most ac knowledge, that with all its advantages and with all the patriotism of its generous nnd hinh minded citizens, little has yet been effectually done on Iho subjerl of genernl education. We arc nm only behind ninny of oor sister stales, hut much farther, we fear, than is ne cessary, making every allowance for the many disadvantages, under which we liitvo labored. Our L. g:elniurn has no been wanting in mak ing lliose appropriations which where shown to be necessary for the support of institutions of learning throughout the slate. Where then, it may he asked, is the fault ? We answer in the organization nnd management of our schools. In the first place,our common school system is evidently deficient, or rather, our entire want of a common school system is most deplorably felt through all the depart ments of edoraiion. The want of correct el- emt utury instruction exists not only in this state, but throughout the United States. We spi-.ni lo forget, that tirst principles are, in ed ucation. all important principles; that primary schools are Hie pines where tlo-se principles are to lie established, and where such direc tion will, in all probability, ft. given to the minds of our children us will decide their fu ture characters in lilc. Hence the idle, and tile profane, and tlie drunken, and the igno rant, are employed lo iint nrl to our children, the first elements ot knowledge.—are set be fore them ax example, of what literature nnd science ranaceiinitilisli! tnd.hence the p o country, will be its governors in fact, whatev er may be the constitution nnd laws. Talents will, ns inevitably, rise to office, as a body will, descend by th« force of gravity. Is it right-,, is it good policy for n state lo leave mzny of its citizens without the possibility of obtain ing an education of any sort, and much the Inr- ger portion, of them, with the means of get ting nt best, a very imperfect ono ? We hnvo ulreudy adverted to the want of competency and character in tcnchcrs ns n prominent nnd general cause of the low state oflitcratureinour common schools.—This, wo apprehend, is owing principally, to two causes; remove these and Ihe evil is remedied. First, the labours of the teacher ore not sufficiently rewarded. Every body, who knows nny thing of the mat ter, knows, that the labours of Iho school mas ter are arduous nnd vr.xntinns in n high de gree. It ought not, therefore, to bo expected that men of talents and acquirements will en gage in them, unless their services are proncr- ly compensated. Let the office be desirable m point of emolument, and ng a matter of course, there will be sccurcd,to fill it, mon ol' such character ns will make it respectable. Secondly, Ihe opposition on the part of parents to the exercse if salutary discipline over their children, is, without doubt, a cause that oper ates extensively in making Ihe common schools gencinlly as vvorlhloss as they arc. Theorize as we may, and indulge ns wc please in chimerical speculations contrary to tho scripture truth by tlie month of Solomon, wo cannot subvert it. He affirmed that folly was bound up in Hie heart of a child, and Hint Ihe rod and repioof guve wisdom. Experience) attests the sentiment. Often hnve vve seen 1111:11 of but inferior native minds nnd very mo- doruto iiituinmunts, mainly by tlio force of en ergetic discipline, establish a high reputation as instructors. On tlio contrary, it has come under our observation once and again, that meii possessing talents of a high order, nnd those talents well cultivated, were, in tho ca pacity of teachers, for want ofdisciplino alone, worse limn worthless. Any man of modcrata attainments, may be a valuable teacher, if to assiduity in imparting instruction,he join faifh- fnlncss in administering the requisite discip line. Without this, we believe it impossible for the highest talents that were ever possess ed by inan, to constitute a good teacher of youth. Wow as long as the exereiso of faith- lul discipline puts the teacher in danger uf in curring the displeasure of ufierlionnte hut mis judging parents, and thereby losing that pa- tronago which is necessary to procure him his daily bread, it would be pnssmg strange, if. m ibis selfish and degenerate world,mnny should be found possessing moral courage and princi ple sufficient to make them run all risks in tlio conscientious discharge of duty. Hence so many unprincipled, and time serving peda gogues, whose grand object seems to be, to win the affections of weak parents by indulg ing their children to their injury. They aim nt popularity in this wav, that they may have it m their power to pocket the money of their patrons, while they are conscious that they do not rentier them an equivalent in the progress of their pupils. To remedy this extensive evil, 'hose teachers should bo supported and those only, wlm will faithfully perform thoir duty m discipline as well as instruction. >Ve impose upon ourselves, if vve imagine, that ever our common schools will be of much va lue until there is a radical change in public sentiment and public practice on tbit point. In conclusion, we would urge upon the friends of education throughout the State and particularly upon teachers, to endeavor to place the profession at once na high as R ought always to li tve stood,equal at lenstto uny other Cession of thu school-master, which should be of tho liberal professions. For this parpose, wo